Turanism: Difference between revisions

Content deleted Content added

Inline

Revision as of 00:11, 6 September 2008

Turanism, or Pan-Turanism, is a political movement for the union of all Turanian peoples. It implies not merely the unity of all Turkic peoples (as in Pan-Turkism), but also the unity of Turks with Mongols, Tungus, Koreans, Japanese, Hungarians, Finns, Estonians, and Ryukyuans. Therefore, Turanism is the collective inclusion of all peoples who are controversially put together as the Ural-Altaic group^{[citation needed]}, and so can be understood as "pan-Altaicism". Ural-Altaic linguistic hypothesis, now often disputed, inspired the emergence of Hungarian and Japanese branches of the Turanian Society in the 1920s and 1930s. ^{[citation needed]}

Origins of Pan-Turanianism

Traditional history cites its early origins amongst Ottoman officers and intelligentsia studying and residing in 1870s Imperial Germany. The fact that many Ottoman Turkish officials were becoming aware of their sense of "Turkishness" is beyond doubt of course, and the role of subsequent nationalists, such as Ziya Gökalp is fully established historically.

…they (the Turks) could form a political entity stretching from the Altai Mountains in Eastern Asia to the Bosphorus.^[1]

Criticism

The political party of the Young Turks, Ittihad ve Teraki (the Turkish Committee of Union and Progress), espoused the notion of Turanism, a mythic glorification of Turkish ethnic identity, and was devoted to restoring Ottoman Empire's shattered national pride.^[2]

Turanism forms an important aspect of the ideology of the Turkish Nationalist Movement Party (MHP), whose members are informally known as Grey Wolves. Grey Wolf (the mother wolf Asena) was the main symbol of the ancient Altaic people, and the wolf serves as a major identifier of the early Proto-Turkic and somehow, to pre-Christian European and "pagan" religions of ancient Europe.

Some Turanists attempted to include "Aryans" or white Caucasians, Semites, East Asians, Malayo-Polynesians and various groups of distant races or ethnic groups into the Pan-Turanist movement as noted with the Japanese, Koreans and Chinese in East Asia; and Hungarians, Estonians and Finns in Europe on the basis of linguistic, not racial unity.

In the 1950's, a Pan-Turanist claim to unite all of mankind not exclude non-Turks is the Turkish parliament made an odious declaration of the earliest human language was probably Turkic in origin and the first words muttered by early man as he or she saw the "Sun", "God" and "Spirit" connected Turkish and all languages ever written or spoken by mankind. ^{[citation needed]}

Other Pan-Turanists consider the inclusion of some North American Indian tribes they felt are genetically related or closely connected in language and customs, are descendants ofo the early migratory pattern of Asiatic "Proto-Turks" through the Bering Strait from Siberia (Asia) to Alaska came to the Americas about 6,000 years ago. ^{[citation needed]}

Turanists also insist the founders of human culture and world civilization (especially in Asia, Europe, Africa and the Middle East) came from Turanian peoples, or the hypothesis of "Proto Turks" are the oldest of modern human cultures, established in the cradle of mankind may well be in the steppes of Central Asia, to set forth languages and religions and the nomadic Turkic tribes spread it across most of the present-day world. ^{[citation needed]}

According to Kaveh Farrokh,

Pan-Turanianism, like Nazi “racial sciences” or Aryan racial ideologies, and Stalinist “History” or Communist propaganda, has failed to convince the majority of western scholarship to its cause, and has been as equally unsuccessful in Eastern Europe, with the exception of Hungary and the Republic of Azerbaijan.^[3]

Key personalities

References and notes

^ Paksoy, H.B., ‘Basmachi’: TurkestanNational Liberation Movement 1916-1930s - Modern Encyclopedia of Religions in Russia and the Soviet Union, Florida: Academic International Press, 1991, Vol. 4
^ Caravans to Oblivion: The Armenian Genocide, 1915 (Hardcover) by G. S. Graber
^ Kaveh Farrokh, "Pan-Turanism takes aim at Azerbaijan: A Geopolitical Agenda".

External links

[1] Paksoy, H.B., ‘Basmachi’: TurkestanNational Liberation Movement 1916-1930s - Modern Encyclopedia of Religions in Russia and the Soviet Union, Florida: Academic International Press, 1991, Vol. 4

[2] Caravans to Oblivion: The Armenian Genocide, 1915 (Hardcover) by G. S. Graber

[3] Kaveh Farrokh, "Pan-Turanism takes aim at Azerbaijan: A Geopolitical Agenda".

[1]

[2]

[3]

@@ Line 1: / Line 1: @@
 {{POV|date=December 2007}}
-'''Turanism''', or Pan-Turanism, is a political movement for the union of all [[Turan]]ian peoples. It implies not merely the unity of all [[Turkic peoples]] (as in [[Pan-Turkism]]), but also the unity of Turks with  [[Mongols]], [[Tungusic people|Tungus]], [[Koreans]], [[Japanese people|Japanese]], [[Hungarians]], [[Finns]], [[Estonians]], and [[Ryukyuans]]. Therefore, Turanism is the collective inclusion of all peoples who are controversially put together as the [[Ural-Altaic]] group{{Fact|date=January 2008}}, and so can be understood as "pan-Altaicism". [[Ural-Altaic]] linguistic [[hypothesis]], now often disputed, inspired the emergence of Hungarian and Japanese branches of the [[Turanian Society]] in the 1920s and 1930s. {{fact}} Other Pan-Turanists consider the inclusion of some [[Native Americans in the United States|North American Indian]] tribes they felt are genetically related or closely connected in language and customs, are descendants ofo the early migratory pattern of Asiatic "Proto-Turks" through the Bering Strait from Siberia (Asia) to [[Alaska]] came to the Americas about 6,000 years ago.
+'''Turanism''', or Pan-Turanism, is a political movement for the union of all [[Turan]]ian peoples. It implies not merely the unity of all [[Turkic peoples]] (as in [[Pan-Turkism]]), but also the unity of Turks with  [[Mongols]], [[Tungusic people|Tungus]], [[Koreans]], [[Japanese people|Japanese]], [[Hungarians]], [[Finns]], [[Estonians]], and [[Ryukyuans]]. Therefore, Turanism is the collective inclusion of all peoples who are controversially put together as the [[Ural-Altaic]] group{{Fact|date=January 2008}}, and so can be understood as "pan-Altaicism". [[Ural-Altaic]] linguistic [[hypothesis]], now often disputed, inspired the emergence of Hungarian and Japanese branches of the [[Turanian Society]] in the 1920s and 1930s. {{fact}}
 == Origins of Pan-Turanianism ==
@@ Line 10: / Line 10: @@
 The political party of the [[Young Turks]], ''Ittihad ve Teraki'' (the Turkish Committee of Union and Progress), espoused the notion of Turanism, a mythic glorification of [[Turkish people|Turkish]] ethnic identity, and was devoted to restoring [[Ottoman Empire]]'s shattered national pride.<ref>Caravans to Oblivion: The Armenian Genocide, 1915 (Hardcover) by G. S. Graber </ref>
-Turanism forms an important aspect of the [[ideology]] of the [[Turkey|Turkish]] [[Nationalist Movement Party]] (MHP), whose members are informally known as [[Grey Wolves]]. Grey Wolf (the mother wolf [[Asena]]) was the main symbol of the ancient [[Altaic people]]. Turanists attempt to include "[[Aryan]]s" or white [[Caucasians]], [[Semites]], [[East Asians]], [[Malayo-Polynesians]] and various groups of distant races or ethnic groups into the Pan-Turanist movement.
+Turanism forms an important aspect of the [[ideology]] of the [[Turkey|Turkish]] [[Nationalist Movement Party]] (MHP), whose members are informally known as [[Grey Wolves]]. Grey Wolf (the mother wolf [[Asena]])
+was the main symbol of the ancient [[Altaic people]], and the wolf serves as a major identifier of the early Proto-Turkic and somehow, to pre-Christian European and "[[pagan]]" religions of ancient Europe.
+Some Turanists attempted to include "[[Aryan]]s" or white [[Caucasians]], [[Semites]], [[East Asians]], [[Malayo-Polynesians]] and various groups of distant races or ethnic groups into the Pan-Turanist movement as noted with the Japanese, Koreans and Chinese in East Asia; and Hungarians, Estonians and Finns in Europe on the basis of linguistic, not racial unity.
+In the 1950's, a Pan-Turanist claim to unite all of mankind not exclude non-Turks is the Turkish parliament made an odious declaration of the earliest human language was probably Turkic in origin and the first words muttered by early man as he or she saw the "Sun", "God" and "Spirit" connected Turkish and all languages ever written or spoken by mankind. {{fact}}
+Other Pan-Turanists consider the inclusion of some [[Native Americans in the United States|North American Indian]] tribes they felt are genetically related or closely connected in language and customs, are descendants ofo the early migratory pattern of Asiatic "Proto-Turks" through the Bering Strait from Siberia (Asia) to [[Alaska]] came to the Americas about 6,000 years ago. {{fact}}
 Turanists also insist the founders of human culture and world civilization (especially in Asia, Europe, [[Africa]] and the [[Middle East]]) came from Turanian peoples, or the hypothesis of "Proto Turks" are the oldest of modern human cultures, established in the cradle of mankind may well be in the steppes of Central Asia, to set forth languages and religions and the nomadic Turkic tribes spread it across most of the present-day world. {{citation needed}}