1830–31 United States House of Representatives elections
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All 213 seats in the United States House of Representatives 107 seats needed for a majority | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
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In the 1830–31 United States House of Representatives elections, the supporters of President Andrew Jackson lost ten seats during his first term, but managed to maintain control of the chamber amidst the growth of two new opposition movements.
The brash style of Congress during the administration of Andrew Jackson caused a number of Americans to become dissatisfied with the government and both of the major parties. Anger over the Tariff of 1828 also provided a major issue, particularly in the agricultural South. The Jacksonians remained firmly in control of the House, but lost several seats, as did the minority Anti-Jacksonians. The Anti-Masonic Party, an aspiring third party which was based on a single issue (distrust of Freemasonry), was actually able to gain a dozen seats, and four South Carolina Congressman who called themselves Nullifiers (based on the principle of states' rights) were also elected. Thus, this was the first election in the House where both major parties lost seats at the same time; this would not occur again until the 1854 elections.
Election summaries
Not including special elections.
66 | 17 | 126 | 4 |
Anti-Jacksonian | AM | Jacksonian | N |
State | Type | Date | Total seats |
Anti-Jacksonian | Anti-Masonic | Jacksonian | Nullifier | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
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Seats | Change | Seats | Change | Seats | Change | Seats | Change | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Louisiana | Districts | July 5–7, 1830 | 3 | 2 | 0 | 1 | 0 | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Mississippi | At-large | August 2–3, 1830 | 1 | 0 | 0 | 1 | 0 | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Vermont | Districts | September 6, 1830[b] | 5 | 3 | 1 | 2 | 1 | 0 | 0 | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Maine | Districts | September 13, 1830 | 7 | 1 | 2 | 0 | 6 | 2 | 0 | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Georgia | At-large | October 4, 1830 | 7 | 0 | 0 | 7 | 0 | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Ohio | Districts | October 12, 1830 | 14 | 8 | 2 | 0 | 6 | 2 | 0 | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Pennsylvania | Districts | 26 | 2 | 1 | 7 | 6 | 17 | 7 | 0 | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
South Carolina | Districts | October 11–12, 1830 | 9 | 0 | 0 | 5 | 4 | 4 | 4 | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Massachusetts | Districts | November 1, 1830 | 13 | 13 | 0 | 0 | 0 | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
New York | Districts | November 1–3, 1830 | 34 | 3 | 8 | 8 | 5 | 23 | 3 | 0 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
New Jersey | At-large | November 6, 1830 | 6 | 6 | 0 | 0 | 0 | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Delaware | At-large | November 13, 1830 | 1 | 1 | 0 | 0 | 0 | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Late elections (after the March 4, 1831 beginning of the term) | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
New Hampshire | At-large | March 8, 1831 | 6 | 0 | 0 | 6 | 0 | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Connecticut | At-large | April 14, 1831 | 6 | 6 | 0 | 0 | 0 | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Virginia | Districts | April 1831 | 22 | 5 | 1 | 0 | 17 | 1 | 0 | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Alabama | Districts | August 1, 1831 | 3 | 0 | 0 | 3 | 0 | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Illinois | At-large | 1 | 0 | 0 | 1 | 0 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Kentucky | Districts | 12 | 4 | 2 | 0 | 8 | 2 | 0 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Missouri | At-large | August 2, 1831 | 1 | 0 | 0 | 1 | 0 | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Indiana | Districts | August 5, 1831 | 3 | 0 | 2 | 0 | 3 | 2 | 0 | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Tennessee | Districts | August 4–5, 1831 | 9 | 1 | 0 | 8 | 0 | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
North Carolina | Districts | August 11, 1831 | 13 | 2 | 1 | 0 | 11 | 1 | 0 | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Rhode Island | At-large | August 23, 1831 | 2 | 2 | 0 | 0 | 0 | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Maryland | Districts | October 3, 1831 | 9 | 5 | 2 | 0 | 4 | 2 | 0 | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Total | 213 | 66 31.0% |
6 | 17 8.0% |
12 | 126 59.2% |
10 | 4 1.9% |
4 |
Special elections
21st Congress
District | Incumbent | This race | |||
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Member | Party | First elected | Results | Candidates | |
Maine 5 | James W. Ripley | Jacksonian | 1826 (Special) | Incumbent resigned March 12, 1830. New member elected September 13, 1830. Jacksonian hold. Successor seated December 6, 1830. |
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Ohio 11 | John M. Goodenow | Jacksonian | 1828 | Incumbent resigned April 9, 1830, after being appointed judge of the Supreme Court of Ohio. New member elected October 11, 1830. Winner was elected the next day to the next term, see below. Successor seated December 6, 1830. |
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Virginia 22 | Alexander Smyth | Jacksonian | 1817 1828 (Retired) 1827 |
Incumbent died April 17, 1830. New member elected November 1830. Jacksonian hold. Successor seated December 6, 1830. Winner was later elected to the next term, see below. |
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New York 6 | Hector Craig | Jacksonian | 1822 1824 (Lost) 1828 |
Incumbent resigned July 12, 1830. New member elected November 3, 1830. Anti-Jacksonian gain. Successor seated December 6, 1830. |
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Virginia 11 | Philip P. Barbour | Jacksonian | 1815 1824 (Retired) 1827 |
Incumbent resigned October 15, 1830, after being appointed judge of US Circuit Court of the Eastern District of Virginia. New member elected November 25, 1830. Jacksonian hold. Successor seated December 6, 1830. |
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22nd Congress
District | Incumbent | This race | |||
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Member | Party | First elected | Results | Candidates | |
North Carolina 2 | Vacant | Vacancy in term. New member elected in 1831 Jacksonian gain. Successor seated May 12, 1831. |
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Missouri at-large | Spencer D. Pettis | Anti-Jacksonian | 1824 | Incumbent died August 28, 1831. New member elected October 31, 1831. Anti-Jacksonian hold. Successor seated October 31, 1831. |
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Vermont 2 | Rollin C. Mallary | Anti-Jacksonian | 1820 (Contested) | Incumbent died April 15, 1831. New member elected November 1, 1831 on the third ballot. Anti-Masonic gain. Successor seated December 5, 1831. |
First ballot (July 5, 1831):
Second ballot (September 6, 1831):
Third ballot (November 1, 1831):
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Pennsylvania 11 | William Ramsey | Jacksonian | 1826 | Incumbent died September 29, 1831, before the new Congress convened. New member elected November 22, 1831. Jacksonian hold. Successor seated December 5, 1831.[10] |
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Georgia at-large | Wilson Lumpkin | Jacksonian | 1814 1816 (Lost) 1826 |
Incumbent resgined in 1831 before the convening of Congress. New member elected December 12, 1831. Jacksonian hold. Successor seated January 21, 1832. |
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New York 20 | George Fisher | Anti-Jacksonian | 1828 | Incumbent lost contested election February 5, 1830 to Silas Wright, who in turn failed to qualify. New member elected November 3, 1830. Jacksonian gain. Winner was not a candidate the same day to the next term, see below. Successor seated December 6, 1830. |
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North Carolina 6 | Robert Potter | Jacksonian | 1829 | Incumbent resigned November ????, 1831. New member elected December 15, 1831. Jacksonian hold. Successor seated January 6, 1832. |
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Alabama
District | Incumbent | This race | |||
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Member | Party | First elected | Results | Candidates | |
Alabama 1 "Northern District" |
Clement C. Clay | Jacksonian | 1829 | Incumbent re-elected. |
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Alabama 2 "Middle District" |
Robert E. B. Baylor | Jacksonian | 1825 | Incumbent lost-relection. New member elected. Jacksonian hold. |
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Alabama 3 "Southern District" |
Dixon Hall Lewis | Jacksonian | 1829 | Incumbent re-elected. |
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Connecticut
Connecticut elected its six at-large members on a general ticket on April 14, 1831, after the term began but before the Congress convened.
District | Incumbent | This race | |||
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Member | Party | First elected | Results | Candidates | |
Connecticut at-large 6 seats on a general ticket |
Ralph I. Ingersoll | Anti-Jacksonian | 1825 | Incumbent re-elected. |
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Noyes Barber | Anti-Jacksonian | 1821 | Incumbent re-elected. | ||
Ebenezer Young | Anti-Jacksonian | 1829 | Incumbent re-elected. | ||
Jabez W. Huntington | Anti-Jacksonian | 1829 | Incumbent re-elected. | ||
William L. Storrs | Anti-Jacksonian | 1829 | Incumbent re-elected. | ||
William W. Ellsworth | Anti-Jacksonian | 1829 | Incumbent re-elected. |
Delaware
District | Incumbent | This race | |||
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Member | Party | First elected | Results | Candidates | |
Delaware at-large | Kensey Johns | Anti-Jacksonian | 1827 (Special) | Incumbent retired. New member elected. Anti-Jacksonian hold. |
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Georgia
Georgia elected its 7 at-large members on October 4, 1830.
District | Incumbent | This race | |||
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Member | Party | First elected | Results | Candidates | |
Georgia at-large 7 seats on a general ticket |
Richard Henry Wilde | Jacksonian | 1814 1816 (Lost) 1824 (Special) 1826 (Lost) 1827 (Special) |
Incumbent re-elected. |
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Wilson Lumpkin | Jacksonian | 1814 1816 (Lost) 1826 |
Incumbent re-elected. | ||
Charles E. Haynes | Jacksonian | 1824 | Incumbent lost re-election. New member elected. Jacksonian hold. | ||
Henry G. Lamar | Jacksonian | 1829 (Special) | Incumbent re-elected. | ||
Thomas F. Foster | Jacksonian | 1828 | Incumbent re-elected. | ||
James M. Wayne | Jacksonian | 1828 | Incumbent re-elected. | ||
Wiley Thompson | Jacksonian | 1820 | Incumbent re-elected. |
Illinois
Illinois elected its sole member late on August 1, 1831.
District | Incumbent | This race | |||
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Member | Party | First elected | Results | Candidates | |
Illinois at-large | Joseph Duncan | Jacksonian | 1826 | Incumbent re-elected. |
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Indiana
Indiana elected its three members late on August 5, 1831.
District | Incumbent | This race | |||
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Member | Party | First elected | Results | Candidates | |
Indiana 1 | Ratliff Boon | Jacksonian | 1828 | Incumbent re-elected. |
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Indiana 2 | Jonathan Jennings | Anti-Jacksonian | 1822 (special) | Incumbent lost re-election. New member elected. Jacksonian gain. |
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Indiana 3 | John Test | Anti-Jacksonian | 1828 | Incumbent lost re-election. New member elected. Jacksonian gain. |
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Kentucky
This section needs expansion. You can help by adding to it. (August 2019) |
District | Incumbent | This race | |||
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Member | Party | First elected | Results | Candidates | |
Kentucky 1 | |||||
Kentucky 2 | |||||
Kentucky 3 | |||||
Kentucky 4 | |||||
Kentucky 5 | |||||
Kentucky 6 | |||||
Kentucky 7 | |||||
Kentucky 8 | |||||
Kentucky 9 | |||||
Kentucky 10 | |||||
Kentucky 11 | |||||
Kentucky 12 |
Louisiana
This section needs expansion. You can help by adding to it. (August 2019) |
District | Incumbent | This race | |||
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Member | Party | First elected | Results | Candidates | |
Louisiana 1 | |||||
Louisiana 2 | |||||
Louisiana 3 |
Maine
This section needs expansion. You can help by adding to it. (August 2019) |
District | Incumbent | This race | |||
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Member | Party | First elected | Results | Candidates | |
Maine 1 | |||||
Maine 2 | |||||
Maine 3 | |||||
Maine 4 | |||||
Maine 5 | |||||
Maine 6 | |||||
Maine 7 |
Maryland
Maryland elected its nine members on October 3, 1831. In the fifth district, two members were elected on a general ticket. There was a net gain of 2 Anti-Jacksonians thereby increasing their ratio from 3-to-6 to 5-to-4.
District | Incumbent | This race | |||
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Member | Party | First elected | Results | Candidates | |
Maryland 1 | Clement Dorsey | Anti-Jacksonian | 1824 | Incumbent retired. New member elected. Anti-Jacksonian hold. |
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Maryland 2 | Benedict Joseph Semmes | Anti-Jacksonian | 1829 | Incumbent re-elected. |
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Maryland 3 | George Corbin Washington | Anti-Jacksonian | 1826 | Incumbent re-elected. |
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Maryland 4 | Michael Sprigg | Jacksonian | 1826 | Incumbent lost re-election. New member elected. Jacksonian hold. |
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Maryland 5 2 seats on a general ticket |
Benjamin C. Howard | Jacksonian | 1829 | Incumbent re-elected. |
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Elias Brown | Jacksonian | 1829 | Incumbent lost re-election. New member elected. Jacksonian hold. | ||
Maryland 6 | George E. Mitchell | Jacksonian | 1829 | Incumbent re-elected. |
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Maryland 7 | Richard Spencer | Jacksonian | 1829 | Incumbent lost re-election. New member elected. Anti-Jacksonian gain. |
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Maryland 8 | Ephraim King Wilson | Jacksonian | 1829 | Incumbent retired. New member elected. Anti-Jacksonian gain. |
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Massachusetts
Former U.S. President John Quincy Adams was elected in Massachusetts's 11th district, becoming the first former president to re-enter public life after leaving the presidency.
Elections were held November 1, 1830, but at least one district went to so many ballots it failed to achieve a majority election until 1832, just before the next cycle began.
(District numbers differ between sources. District numbers below reflect Martis's references.[24] Where noted, Congressional Quarterly's "Guide to U.S. Elections"[25] and OurCampaigns.com have different district numbers.)
District | Incumbent | This race | |||
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Member | Party | First elected | Results | Candidates | |
Massachusetts 1 | Benjamin Gorham | Anti-Jacksonian | 1820 (Special) 1822 (Retired) 1827 (Special) |
Incumbent retired. New member elected. Anti-Jacksonian hold. |
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Massachusetts 2 | Benjamin W. Crowninshield | Anti-Jacksonian | 1822 | Incumbent lost re-election from a different party. New member elected. Anti-Jacksonian hold. |
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Massachusetts 3 | John Varnum | Anti-Jacksonian | 1824 | Incumbent retired. New member elected late on the thirteenth ballot. Anti-Jacksonian hold. |
First ballot (November 1, 1830):
Second ballot (January 3, 1831):
Third ballot (April 4, 1831):
Fourth ballot (June 27, 1831):
Fifth ballot (September 5, 1831):
Sixth ballot (November 14, 1831):
Seventh ballot (January 16, 1832):
Eighth ballot (February 13, 1832):
Ninth ballot (March 12, 1832):
Tenth ballot (April 9, 1832):
Eleventh ballot (May 14, 1832):
Twelfth ballot (September 3, 1832):
Thirteenth ballot (November 12, 1832):
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Massachusetts 4 | Edward Everett | Anti-Jacksonian | 1824 | Incumbent re-elected. |
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Massachusetts 5 CQGuide: 13th[25] OurCampaigns: 8th[42] |
John Davis | Anti-Jacksonian | 1824 | Incumbent re-elected. |
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Massachusetts 6 CQGuide: 5th[25] OurCampaigns: 9th[43] |
Joseph G. Kendall | Anti-Jacksonian | 1828 | Incumbent re-elected. |
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Massachusetts 7 CQGuide: 6th[25] OurCampaigns: 6th[44] |
George Grennell Jr. | Anti-Jacksonian | 1828 | Incumbent re-elected. |
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Massachusetts 8 OurCampaigns: 5th[45] |
Isaac C. Bates | Anti-Jacksonian | 1826 | Incumbent re-elected. |
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Massachusetts 9 CQGuide: 7th[25] OurCampaigns: 7th[46] |
Henry W. Dwight | Anti-Jacksonian | 1820 | Incumbent lost re-election. New member elected. Anti-Jacksonian hold. |
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Massachusetts 10 CQGuide: 9th[25] |
John Bailey | Anti-Jacksonian | 1823 (Special) 1824 (Disqualified) 1824 (Special) |
Incumbent retired. New member elected. Anti-Jacksonian hold. |
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Massachusetts 11 CQGuide: 12th[25] OurCampaigns: 11th[48] |
Joseph Richardson | Anti-Jacksonian | 1826 | Incumbent retired. New member elected. Anti-Jacksonian hold. |
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Massachusetts 12 CQGuide: 10th[25] |
James L. Hodges | Anti-Jacksonian | 1827 | Incumbent re-elected late on the seventh ballot | First ballot (November 1, 1830):
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Massachusetts 13 CQGuide: 11th[25] |
John Reed Jr. | Anti-Jacksonian | 1812 1816 (Lost) 1820 |
Incumbent re-elected. |
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Mississippi
Elections held early, from August 2 to 3, 1830
District | Incumbent | This race | |||
---|---|---|---|---|---|
Member | Party | First elected | Results | Candidates | |
Mississippi at-large | Thomas Hinds | Jacksonian | 1828 (special) | Incumbent retired. New member elected. Jacksonian hold. |
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Missouri
Missouri elected its sole member late on August 2, 1831.
District | Incumbent | This race | |||
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Member | Party | First elected | Results | Candidates | |
Missouri at-large | Spencer D. Pettis | Jacksonian | 1828 | Incumbent re-elected. |
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New Hampshire
New Hampshire elected its six members at-large late on March 8, 1831.
District | Incumbent | This race | |||
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Member | Party | First elected | Results | Candidates | |
New Hampshire at-large 6 seats on a general ticket |
John Brodhead | Jacksonian | 1829 | Incumbent re-elected. |
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Thomas Chandler | Jacksonian | 1829 | Incumbent re-elected. | ||
Joseph Hammons | Jacksonian | 1829 | Incumbent re-elected. | ||
Jonathan Harvey | Jacksonian | 1824 | Incumbent retired. New member elected. Jacksonian hold. | ||
Henry Hubbard | Jacksonian | 1829 | Incumbent re-elected. | ||
John W. Weeks | Jacksonian | 1829 | Incumbent re-elected. |
New Jersey
New Jersey elected its six members at-large on November 6, 1830.
District | Incumbent | This race | |||
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Member | Party | First elected | Results | Candidates | |
New Jersey at-large 6 seats on a general ticket |
Isaac Pierson | Anti-Jacksonian | 1826 | Incumbent lost renomination. New member elected. Anti-Jacksonian hold. |
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Richard M. Cooper | Anti-Jacksonian | 1828 | Incumbent re-elected. | ||
James F. Randolph | Anti-Jacksonian | 1828 (special) | Incumbent re-elected. | ||
Thomas H. Hughes | Anti-Jacksonian | 1828 | Incumbent re-elected. | ||
Samuel Swan | Anti-Jacksonian | 1820 | Incumbent retired. New member elected. Anti-Jacksonian hold. | ||
Lewis Condict | Anti-Jacksonian | 1821 (special) | Incumbent re-elected. |
New York
New York elected its 34 members from November 1 to 3, 1830.
District | Incumbent | This race | |||
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Member | Party | First elected | Results | Candidates | |
New York 1 | James Lent | Jacksonian | 1828 | Incumbent re-elected. |
|
New York 2 | Jacob Crocheron | Jacksonian | 1828 | Incumbent retired. New member elected. Jacksonian hold. |
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New York 3 3 seats on a general ticket |
Churchill C. Cambreleng | Jacksonian | 1821 | Incumbent re-elected. |
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Campbell P. White | Jacksonian | 1828 | Incumbent re-elected. | ||
Gulian C. Verplanck | Jacksonian | 1824 | Incumbent re-elected. | ||
New York 4 | Henry B. Cowles | Anti-Jacksonian | 1828 | Incumbent retired. New member elected. Jacksonian gain. |
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New York 5 | Abraham Bockee | Jacksonian | 1828 | Incumbent lost renomination. New member elected. Anti-Jacksonian gain. |
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New York 6 | Vacant | Rep. Hector Craig (J) resigned July 12, 1830. New member elected. Anti-Jacksonian gain. |
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New York 7 | Charles G. DeWitt | Jacksonian | 1828 | Incumbent retired. New member elected. Jacksonian hold. |
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New York 8 | James Strong | Anti-Jacksonian | 1822 | Incumbent retired. New member elected. Jacksonian gain. |
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New York 9 | John D. Dickinson | Anti-Jacksonian | 1826 | Incumbent lost re-election. New member elected. Jacksonian gain. |
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New York 10 | Ambrose Spencer | Anti-Jacksonian | 1828 | Incumbent lost re-election. New member elected. Jacksonian gain. |
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New York 11 | Perkins King | Jacksonian | 1828 | Incumbent retired. New member elected. Jacksonian hold. |
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New York 12 | Peter I. Borst | Jacksonian | 1828 | Incumbent retired. New member elected. Jacksonian hold. |
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New York 13 | William G. Angel | Jacksonian | 1828 | Incumbent re-elected. |
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New York 14 | Henry R. Storrs | Anti-Jacksonian | 1822 | Incumbent retired. New member elected. Jacksonian gain. |
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New York 15 | Michael Hoffman | Jacksonian | 1824 | Incumbent re-elected. |
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New York 16 | Benedict Arnold | Anti-Jacksonian | 1828 | Incumbent retired. New member elected. Jacksonian gain. |
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New York 17 | John W. Taylor | Anti-Jacksonian | 1812 | Incumbent re-elected. |
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New York 18 | Henry C. Martindale | Anti-Jacksonian | 1822 | Incumbent lost re-election. New member elected. Jacksonian gain. |
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New York 19 | Isaac Finch | Anti-Jacksonian | 1828 | Incumbent retired. New member elected. Jacksonian gain. |
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New York 20 2 seats on a general ticket |
Joseph Hawkins | Anti-Jacksonian | 1828 | Incumbent retired. New member elected. Jacksonian gain. |
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Vacant | Rep. George Fisher (AJ) resigned February 5, 1830 following election contest. New member elected. Jacksonian gain. | ||||
New York 21 | Vacant | Rep. Robert Monell (J) resigned February 21, 1831 to become judge of the Sixth State Circuit Court. New member elected. Anti-Masonic gain. |
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New York 22 | Thomas Beekman | Anti-Jacksonian | 1828 | Incumbent retired. New member elected. Jacksonian gain. |
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New York 23 | Jonas Earll Jr. | Jacksonian | 1826 | Incumbent retired. New member elected. Jacksonian hold. |
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New York 24 | Gershom Powers | Jacksonian | 1828 | Incumbent retired. New member elected. Jacksonian hold. |
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New York 25 | Thomas Maxwell | Jacksonian | 1828 | Incumbent retired. New member elected. Anti-Masonic gain. |
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New York 26 2 seats on a general ticket |
Jehiel H. Halsey | Jacksonian | 1828 | Incumbent lost re-election. New member elected. Anti-Masonic gain. |
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Robert S. Rose | Anti-Masonic | 1828 | Incumbent retired. New member elected. Anti-Masonic hold. | ||
New York 27 | Timothy Childs | Anti-Masonic | 1828 | Incumbent retired. New member elected. Anti-Masonic hold. |
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New York 28 | John Magee | Jacksonian | 1826 | Incumbent lost re-election. New member elected. Anti-Masonic gain. |
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New York 29 | Phineas L. Tracy | Anti-Masonic | 1827 (special) | Incumbent re-elected. |
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New York 30 | Ebenezer F. Norton | Jacksonian | 1828 | Incumbent lost re-election. New member elected. Anti-Masonic gain. |
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North Carolina
This section needs expansion. You can help by adding to it. (August 2019) |
North Carolina elected its members August 11, 1831, after the term began but before the new Congress convened.
District | Incumbent | This race | |||
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Member | Party | First elected | Results | Candidates | |
North Carolina 1 | |||||
North Carolina 2 | |||||
North Carolina 3 | |||||
North Carolina 4 | |||||
North Carolina 5 | |||||
North Carolina 6 | |||||
North Carolina 7 | |||||
North Carolina 8 | |||||
North Carolina 9 | |||||
North Carolina 10 | |||||
North Carolina 11 | Henry W. Connor | Jacksonian | 1821 | Incumbent re-elected. |
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Ohio
This section needs expansion. You can help by adding to it. (August 2019) |
District | Incumbent | This race | |||
---|---|---|---|---|---|
Member | Party | First elected | Results | Candidates | |
Ohio 1 | |||||
Ohio 2 | |||||
Ohio 3 | |||||
Ohio 4 | |||||
Ohio 5 | |||||
Ohio 6 | |||||
Ohio 7 | |||||
Ohio 8 | |||||
Ohio 9 | |||||
Ohio 10 | |||||
Ohio 11 | |||||
Ohio 12 | |||||
Ohio 13 | |||||
Ohio 14 |
Pennsylvania
District | Incumbent | This race | |||
---|---|---|---|---|---|
Member | Party | First elected | Results | Candidates[92][d] | |
Pennsylvania 1 | Joel B. Sutherland | Jacksonian | 1826 | Incumbent re-elected. |
|
Pennsylvania 2 | Joseph Hemphill | Jacksonian | 1800 1802 (Lost) 1818 1826 (Resigned) 1828 |
Incumbent retired. New member elected. Jacksonian hold. |
|
Pennsylvania 3 | Daniel H. Miller | Jacksonian | 1822 | Incumbent lost-relection. New member elected. Anti-Jacksonian gain. |
|
Pennsylvania 4 3 seats on a general ticket |
James Buchanan | Jacksonian | 1820 | Incumbent retired. New member elected. Anti-Masonic gain. |
|
Joshua Evans Jr. | Jacksonian | 1828 | Incumbent re-elected. | ||
George G. Leiper | Jacksonian | 1828 | Incumbent retired. New member elected. Anti-Masonic gain. | ||
Pennsylvania 5 | John B. Sterigere | Jacksonian | 1826 | Incumbent retired. New member elected. Jacksonian hold. |
|
Pennsylvania 6 | Innis Green | Jacksonian | 1826 | Incumbent retired. New member elected. Jacksonian hold. |
|
Pennsylvania 7 2 seats on a general ticket |
Joseph Fry Jr. | Jacksonian | 1826 | Incumbent retired. New member elected. Jacksonian hold. |
|
Henry A. P. Muhlenberg | Jacksonian | 1828 | Incumbent re-elected. | ||
Pennsylvania 8 2 seats on a general ticket |
Peter Ihrie Jr. | Jacksonian | 1829 (Special) | Incumbent re-elected. |
|
Samuel A. Smith | Jacksonian | 1829 (Special) | Incumbent re-elected. | ||
Pennsylvania 9 3 seats on a general ticket |
Philander Stephens | Jacksonian | 1828 | Incumbent re-elected. |
|
James Ford | Jacksonian | 1828 | Incumbent re-elected. | ||
Alem Marr | Jacksonian | 1828 | Incumbent retired. New member elected. Jacksonian hold. | ||
Pennsylvania 10 | Adam King | Jacksonian | 1826 | Incumbent re-elected. |
|
Pennsylvania 11 2 seats on a general ticket |
Thomas H. Crawford | Jacksonian | 1828 | Incumbent re-elected. |
|
William Ramsey | Jacksonian | 1826 | Incumbent re-elected.[93] | ||
Pennsylvania 12 | John Scott | Jacksonian | 1828 | Incumbent lost-relection. New member elected. Anti-Masonic gain. |
|
Pennsylvania 13 | Chauncey Forward | Jacksonian | 1826 | Incumbent retired. New member elected. Anti-Jacksonian gain. |
|
Pennsylvania 14 | Thomas Irwin | Jacksonian | 1828 | Incumbent lost-relection. New member elected. Anti-Masonic gain. |
|
Pennsylvania 15 | William McCreery | Jacksonian | 1828 | Incumbent lost-relection. New member elected. Anti-Masonic gain. |
|
Pennsylvania 16 2 seats on a general ticket |
Harmar Denny | Anti-Masonic | 1829 (Special) | Incumbent re-elected. |
|
John Gilmore | Jacksonian | 1828 | Incumbent re-elected. | ||
Pennsylvania 17 | Richard Coulter | Jacksonian | 1826 | Incumbent re-elected. |
|
Pennsylvania 18 | Thomas H. Sill | Anti-Jacksonian | 1826 (Special) | Incumbent retired. New member elected. Anti-Masonic gain. |
|
Rhode Island
Rhode Island elected its two members at-large late on August 23, 1831.
District | Incumbent | This race | |||
---|---|---|---|---|---|
Member | Party | First elected | Results | Candidates | |
Rhode Island at-large 2 seats on a general ticket |
Tristam Burges | Anti-Jacksonian | 1825 | Incumbent re-elected. |
|
Dutee J. Pearce | Anti-Jacksonian | 1825 | Incumbent re-elected. |
South Carolina
South Carolina elected its nine members from October 11 to 12, 1830.
District | Incumbent | This race | |||
---|---|---|---|---|---|
Member | Party | First elected | Results | Candidates | |
South Carolina 1 | William Drayton | Jacksonian | 1825 (special) | Incumbent re-elected. |
|
South Carolina 2 | Robert W. Barnwell | Jacksonian | 1828 | Incumbent re-elected to a new party. Nullifier gain. |
|
South Carolina 3 | John Campbell | Jacksonian | 1828 | Incumbent lost re-election as a Nullifier. New member elected. Jacksonian hold. |
|
South Carolina 4 | William D. Martin | Jacksonian | 1826 | Incumbent retired. New member elected. Jacksonian hold. |
|
South Carolina 5 | George McDuffie | Jacksonian | 1820 | Incumbent re-elected to a new party. Nullifier gain. |
|
South Carolina 6 | Warren R. Davis | Jacksonian | 1826 | Incumbent re-elected to a new party. Nullifier gain. |
|
South Carolina 7 | William T. Nuckolls | Jacksonian | 1826 | Incumbent re-elected. |
|
South Carolina 8 | James Blair | Jacksonian | 1828 | Incumbent re-elected. |
|
South Carolina 9 | Starling Tucker | Jacksonian | 1816 | Incumbent retired. New member elected. Nullifier gain. |
|
Tennessee
Election held late, on August 4, 1831.
District | Incumbent | This race | |||
---|---|---|---|---|---|
Member | Party | First elected | Results | Candidates | |
Tennessee 1 | John Blair | Jacksonian | 1823 | Incumbent re-elected. |
|
Tennessee 2 | Pryor Lea | Jacksonian | 1827 | Incumbent lost re-election. New member elected. Anti-Jacksonian gain. |
|
Tennessee 3 | James I. Standifer | Jacksonian | 1829 | Incumbent re-elected. |
|
Tennessee 4 | Jacob C. Isacks | Jacksonian | 1823 | Incumbent re-elected. |
|
Tennessee 5 | Robert Desha | Jacksonian | 1827 | Incumbent retired. New member elected. Jacksonian hold. |
|
Tennessee 6 | James K. Polk | Jacksonian | 1825 | Incumbent re-elected. |
|
Tennessee 7 | John Bell | Jacksonian | 1827 | Incumbent re-elected. | |
Tennessee 8 | Cave Johnson | Jacksonian | 1829 | Incumbent re-elected. |
|
Tennessee 9 | Davy Crockett | Anti-Jacksonian | 1827 | Incumbent lost re-election. New member elected. Jacksonian gain. |
|
Vermont
Vermont elected its five members on September 6, 1830. Vermont required a majority vote for election, so the 3rd district election was settled on the second ballot on December 7, 1830, and the 4th district election was settled on the eleventh ballot on June 4, 1832.
District | Incumbent | This race | |||
---|---|---|---|---|---|
Member | Party | First elected | Results | Candidates | |
Vermont 1 | Jonathan Hunt | Anti-Jacksonian | 1827 | Incumbent re-elected. |
|
Vermont 2 | Rollin C. Mallary | Anti-Jacksonian | 1824 | Incumbent re-elected. |
|
Vermont 3 | Horace Everett | Anti-Jacksonian | 1828 | Incumbent re-elected. | First ballot (September 6, 1830)
Second ballot (December 7, 1830)
|
Vermont 4 | Benjamin Swift | Anti-Jacksonian | 1827 | Incumbent retired. New member elected. Anti-Jacksonian hold. |
First ballot (September 6, 1830)
Second ballot (December 7, 1830)
Third ballot (February 7, 1831)
Fourth ballot (April 4, 1831)
Fifth ballot (June 6, 1831)
Sixth ballot (August 1, 1831)
Seventh ballot (October 1, 1831)
Eighth ballot (December 5, 1831)
Ninth ballot (February 6, 1832)
Tenth ballot (April 2, 1832)
Eleventh ballot (June 4, 1832)
|
Vermont 5 | William Cahoon | Anti-Masonic | 1829 | Incumbent re-elected. |
|
Virginia
District | Incumbent | This race | |||
---|---|---|---|---|---|
Member | Party | First elected | Results | Candidates | |
Virginia 1 | George Loyall | Jacksonian | 1829 | Incumbent lost re-election. New member elected. Anti-Jacksonian gain. |
|
Virginia 2 | James Trezvant | Jacksonian | 1825 | Incumbent retired. New member elected. Jacksonian hold. |
|
Virginia 3 | William S. Archer | Jacksonian | 1820 (special) | Incumbent re-elected. |
|
Virginia 4 | Mark Alexander | Jacksonian | 1819 | Incumbent re-elected. |
|
Virginia 5 | Thomas Bouldin | Jacksonian | 1829 | Incumbent re-elected. |
|
Virginia 6 | Thomas Davenport | Jacksonian | 1825 | Incumbent re-elected. |
|
Virginia 7 | Nathaniel Claiborne | Jacksonian | 1825 | Incumbent re-elected. |
|
Virginia 8 | Richard Coke Jr. | Jacksonian | 1829 | Incumbent re-elected. |
|
Virginia 9 | Andrew Stevenson | Jacksonian | 1821 | Incumbent re-elected. |
|
Virginia 10 | William F. Gordon | Jacksonian | 1829 (special) | Incumbent re-elected. |
|
Virginia 11 | John M. Patton | Jacksonian | 1830 (special) | Incumbent re-elected. |
|
Virginia 12 | John Roane | Jacksonian | 1827 | Incumbent retired. New member elected. Jacksonian hold. |
|
Virginia 13 | John Taliaferro | Anti-Jacksonian | 1824 (special) | Incumbent lost re-election. New member elected. Jacksonian gain. |
|
Virginia 14 | Charles F. Mercer | Anti-Jacksonian | 1817 | Incumbent re-elected. |
|
Virginia 15 | John S. Barbour | Jacksonian | 1823 | Incumbent re-elected. |
|
Virginia 16 | William Armstrong | Anti-Jacksonian | 1825 | Incumbent re-elected. |
|
Virginia 17 | Robert Allen | Jacksonian | 1827 | Incumbent re-elected. |
|
Virginia 18 | Philip Doddridge | Anti-Jacksonian | 1829 | Incumbent re-elected. |
|
Virginia 19 | William McCoy | Jacksonian | 1811 | Incumbent re-elected. |
|
Virginia 20 | Robert Craig | Jacksonian | 1829 | Incumbent re-elected. |
|
Virginia 21 | Lewis Maxwell | Anti-Jacksonian | 1827 | Incumbent re-elected. |
|
Virginia 22 | Joseph Draper | Jacksonian | 1830 (special) | Incumbent lost re-election. New member elected. Jacksonian hold. |
|
Non-voting delegates
Arkansas Territory
Arkansas elected its delegate late on September 4, 1831.
District | Incumbent | This race | |||
---|---|---|---|---|---|
Delegate | Party | First elected | Results | Candidates | |
Arkansas Territory at-large | Ambrose H. Sevier | Jacksonian | 1828 (special) | Incumbent re-elected. |
|
Florida Territory
Florida elected its delegate on September 1, 1830.
District | Incumbent | This race | |||
---|---|---|---|---|---|
Delegate | Party | First elected | Results | Candidates | |
Florida Territory at-large | Joseph M. White | Jacksonian | 1825 | Incumbent re-elected. |
|
Michigan Territory
Arkansas elected its delegate late on August 8, 1831.
District | Incumbent | This race | |||
---|---|---|---|---|---|
Delegate | Party | First elected | Results | Candidates | |
Michigan Territory at-large | Vacant | Del. John Biddle (J) resigned February 21, 1831. New member elected. Anti-Jacksonian gain. |
|
See also
Notes
- ^ Not including special elections and some regular elections that went to multiple ballots.
- ^ In 4th district, the election wasn't completed until 1832.
- ^ Full name unknown in source
- ^ For plural districts, percent is based on assumption that each voter cast as many votes as there are seats.
- ^ Ran on joint Jacksonian/Anti-Jacksonian ticket.
- ^ Source did not give full name
References
- ^ "Our Campaigns - ME District 5 - Special Election Race - Sep 13, 1830". www.ourcampaigns.com.
- ^ "Our Campaigns - OH District 11 - Special Election Race - Oct 11, 1830". www.ourcampaigns.com.
- ^ "Our Campaigns - VA District 22 Special Election Race - Nov 00, 1830". www.ourcampaigns.com.
- ^ "Our Campaigns - NY District 6 - Special Election Race - Nov 01, 1830". www.ourcampaigns.com.
- ^ "Our Campaigns - VA District 11 Special Election Race - Nov 25, 1830". www.ourcampaigns.com.
- ^ "Our Campaigns - MO At-Large - Special Election Race - Oct 31, 1831". www.ourcampaigns.com.
- ^ "Our Campaigns - VT - District 02 - Special Election - First Trial Race - Jul 05, 1831". www.ourcampaigns.com.
- ^ "Our Campaigns - VT - District 02 - Special Election - Second Trial Race - Sep 06, 1831". www.ourcampaigns.com.
- ^ "Our Campaigns - VT - District 02 - Special Election - Third Trial Race - Nov 01, 1831". www.ourcampaigns.com.
- ^ "Twenty-second Congress March 4, 1831, to March 3, 1833". Historian of the United States House of Representatives. Retrieved September 25, 2019.
- ^ Cox, Harold (January 31, 2007). "Pennsylvania Election Statistics: 1682-2006" (PDF). The Wilkes University Election Statistics Project. Wilkes University. (erroneously dating Ramsey's death and the election)
- ^ "Our Campaigns - GA At-Large - Special Election Race - Dec 12, 1831". www.ourcampaigns.com.
- ^ "Our Campaigns - NY District 20 - Special Election Race - Nov 01, 1830". www.ourcampaigns.com.
- ^ "Our Campaigns - NC - District 06 - Special Election Race - Dec 15, 1831". www.ourcampaigns.com.
- ^ "Our Campaigns - CT At-Large Race - Apr 14, 1831". www.ourcampaigns.com. Retrieved May 21, 2020.
- ^ "Our Campaigns - GA At Large Race - Oct 04, 1830". www.ourcampaigns.com.
- ^ "IL At Large Race - Aug 01, 1831". Our Campaigns. July 19, 2018. Retrieved April 7, 2022.
- ^ "IN - District 01 Race - Aug 05, 1831". Our Campaigns. November 3, 2009. Retrieved April 7, 2022.
- ^ "IN - District 02 Race - Aug 05, 1831". Our Campaigns. November 4, 2009. Retrieved April 7, 2022.
- ^ "IN - District 03 Race - Aug 05, 1831". Our Campaigns. November 4, 2009. Retrieved April 7, 2022.
- ^ a b c d e f CQGuide, p. 556.
- ^ "Our Campaigns - MD District 5 Race - Oct 03, 1831". www.ourcampaigns.com.
- ^ "Our Campaigns - MD District 8 Race - Oct 03, 1831". www.ourcampaigns.com.
- ^ Martis.
- ^ a b c d e f g h i j CQGuide, p. 554.
- ^ "Our Campaigns - MA District 1 (Suffolk) Race - Nov 01, 1830". OurCampaigns.com.
- ^ "Our Campaigns - MA District 2 (Essex South) Race - Nov 01, 1830". OurCampaigns.com.
- ^ "Our Campaigns - MA District 3 (Essex North) - 1st Trial Race - Nov 01, 1830". OurCampaigns.com.
- ^ "Our Campaigns - MA District 3 (Essex North) - 2nd Trial Race - Jan 03, 1831". OurCampaigns.com.
- ^ "Our Campaigns - MA District 3 (Essex North) - 3rd Trial Race - Apr 04, 1831". OurCampaigns.com.
- ^ "Our Campaigns - MA District 3 (Essex North) - 4th Trial Race - Jun 27, 1831". OurCampaigns.com.
- ^ "Our Campaigns - MA District 3 (Essex North) - 5th Trial Race - Sep 05, 1831". OurCampaigns.com.
- ^ "Our Campaigns - MA District 3 (Essex North) - 6th Trial Race - Nov 14, 1831". OurCampaigns.com.
- ^ "Our Campaigns - MA District 3 (Essex North) - 7th Trial Race - Jan 16, 1832". OurCampaigns.com.
- ^ "Our Campaigns - MA District 3 (Essex North) - 8th Trial Race - Feb 13, 1832". OurCampaigns.com.
- ^ "Our Campaigns - MA District 3 (Essex North) - 9th Trial Race - Mar 12, 1832". OurCampaigns.com.
- ^ "Our Campaigns - MA District 3 (Essex North) - 10th Trial Race - Apr 09, 1832". OurCampaigns.com.
- ^ "Our Campaigns - MA District 3 (Essex North) - 11th Trial Race - May 14, 1832". OurCampaigns.com.
- ^ "Our Campaigns - MA District 3 (Essex North) - 12th Trial Race - Sep 03, 1832". OurCampaigns.com.
- ^ "Our Campaigns - MA District 3 (Essex North) - 13th Trial Race - Nov 12, 1832". OurCampaigns.com.
- ^ "Our Campaigns - MA District 4 (Middlesex) Race - Nov 01, 1830". OurCampaigns.com. Retrieved October 21, 2020.
- ^ a b "Our Campaigns - MA District 8 (Worcester South) Race - Nov 01, 1830". www.ourcampaigns.com. Retrieved October 24, 2020.
- ^ a b "Our Campaigns - MA District 9 (Worcester North) Race - Nov 01, 1830". www.ourcampaigns.com. Retrieved October 24, 2020.
- ^ a b "Our Campaigns - MA District 6 (Franklin) Race - Nov 01, 1830". www.ourcampaigns.com. Retrieved October 24, 2020.
- ^ a b "Our Campaigns - MA District 5 (Hampden) Race - Nov 01, 1830". OurCampaigns.com. Retrieved October 21, 2020. (places this race in the 5th district)
- ^ a b "Our Campaigns - MA District 7 (Berkshire) Race - Nov 01, 1830". OurCampaigns.com. (places this race in the 7th district)
- ^ "Our Campaigns - MA District 10 (Norfolk) Race - Nov 01, 1830". OurCampaigns.com. Retrieved October 21, 2020.
- ^ a b "Our Campaigns - MA District 11 Race - Nov 01, 1830". OurCampaigns.com. Retrieved October 18, 2020.
- ^ "MA District 12 (Bristol) - 1st Trial". OurCampaigns.com. Retrieved October 21, 2020.
- ^ "MA District 12 (Bristol) - 2nd Trial". OurCampaigns.com. Retrieved October 21, 2020.
- ^ "MA District 12 (Bristol) - 3rd Trial". OurCampaigns.com. Retrieved October 21, 2020.
- ^ "MA District 12 (Bristol) - 4th Trial". OurCampaigns.com. Retrieved October 21, 2020.
- ^ "MA District 12 (Bristol) - 5th Trial". OurCampaigns.com. Retrieved October 21, 2020.
- ^ "MA District 12 (Bristol) - 6th Trial". OurCampaigns.com. Retrieved October 21, 2020.
- ^ "MA District 12 (Bristol) - 7th Trial". OurCampaigns.com. Retrieved October 21, 2020.
- ^ "MA District 13 (Barnstable)". OurCampaigns.com. Retrieved October 21, 2020.
- ^ "MS - At Large". Our Campaigns. Retrieved March 6, 2021.
- ^ "MO At-Large Race - Aug 02, 1831". Our Campaigns. October 26, 2007. Retrieved April 7, 2022.
- ^ "NH At-Large Race - Mar 08, 1831". Our Campaigns. January 5, 2011. Retrieved April 7, 2022.
- ^ "NJ At-Large Race - Nov 05, 1830". Our Campaigns. February 13, 2011. Retrieved April 7, 2022.
- ^ "NY District 1 Race - Nov 01, 1830". Our Campaigns. June 30, 2011. Retrieved April 7, 2022.
- ^ "NY District 2 Race - Nov 01, 1830". Our Campaigns. June 30, 2011. Retrieved April 7, 2022.
- ^ "NY District 3 Race - Nov 01, 1830". Our Campaigns. February 12, 2011. Retrieved April 7, 2022.
- ^ "NY District 4 Race - Nov 01, 1830". Our Campaigns. April 20, 2011. Retrieved April 7, 2022.
- ^ "NY District 5 Race - Nov 01, 1830". Our Campaigns. June 30, 2011. Retrieved April 7, 2022.
- ^ "NY District 6 Race - Nov 01, 1830". Our Campaigns. June 23, 2011. Retrieved April 7, 2022.
- ^ "NY District 7 Race - Nov 01, 1830". Our Campaigns. March 22, 2011. Retrieved April 7, 2022.
- ^ "NY District 8 Race - Nov 01, 1830". Our Campaigns. May 6, 2011. Retrieved April 7, 2022.
- ^ "NY District 9 Race - Nov 01, 1830". Our Campaigns. April 26, 2011. Retrieved April 7, 2022.
- ^ "NY District 10 Race - Nov 01, 1830". Our Campaigns. March 31, 2011. Retrieved April 7, 2022.
- ^ "NY District 11 Race - Nov 01, 1830". Our Campaigns. May 6, 2011. Retrieved April 7, 2022.
- ^ "NY District 12 Race - Nov 01, 1830". Our Campaigns. May 6, 2011. Retrieved April 7, 2022.
- ^ "NY District 13 Race - Nov 01, 1830". Our Campaigns. June 30, 2011. Retrieved April 7, 2022.
- ^ "NY District 14 Race - Nov 01, 1830". Our Campaigns. May 6, 2011. Retrieved April 7, 2022.
- ^ "NY District 15 Race - Nov 01, 1830". Our Campaigns. April 26, 2011. Retrieved April 7, 2022.
- ^ "NY District 16 Race - Nov 01, 1830". Our Campaigns. May 10, 2011. Retrieved April 7, 2022.
- ^ "NY District 17 Race - Nov 01, 1830". Our Campaigns. April 4, 2011. Retrieved April 7, 2022.
- ^ "NY District 18 Race - Nov 01, 1830". Our Campaigns. April 2, 2011. Retrieved April 7, 2022.
- ^ "NY District 19 Race - Nov 01, 1830". Our Campaigns. June 17, 2011. Retrieved April 7, 2022.
- ^ "NY District 20 Race - Nov 01, 1830". Our Campaigns. May 6, 2011. Retrieved April 7, 2022.
- ^ "NY District 21 Race - Nov 01, 1830". Our Campaigns. March 22, 2011. Retrieved April 7, 2022.
- ^ "NY District 22 Race - Nov 01, 1830". Our Campaigns. May 12, 2011. Retrieved April 7, 2022.
- ^ "NY District 23 Race - Nov 01, 1830". Our Campaigns. April 26, 2011. Retrieved April 7, 2022.
- ^ "NY District 24 Race - Nov 01, 1830". Our Campaigns. May 11, 2011. Retrieved April 7, 2022.
- ^ "NY District 25 Race - Nov 01, 1830". Our Campaigns. March 22, 2011. Retrieved April 7, 2022.
- ^ "NY District 26 Race - Nov 01, 1830". Our Campaigns. March 22, 2011. Retrieved April 7, 2022.
- ^ "NY District 27 Race - Nov 01, 1830". Our Campaigns. March 22, 2011. Retrieved April 7, 2022.
- ^ "NY District 28 Race - Nov 01, 1830". Our Campaigns. March 22, 2011. Retrieved April 7, 2022.
- ^ "NY District 29 Race - Nov 01, 1830". Our Campaigns. March 22, 2011. Retrieved April 7, 2022.
- ^ "NY District 30 Race - Nov 01, 1830". Our Campaigns. March 22, 2011. Retrieved April 7, 2022.
- ^ "Our Campaigns - NC District 11 Race - Aug 11, 1831". www.ourcampaigns.com.
- ^ "Wilkes University Elections Statistics Project" (PDF).
- ^ "Twenty-second Congress (membership roster) – see footnotes 28 and 29" (PDF). Archived from the original (PDF) on December 12, 2012. Retrieved January 11, 2013.
- ^ "RI At-Large Race - Aug 23, 1831". Our Campaigns. January 2, 2009. Retrieved April 10, 2022.
- ^ "SC District 01 Race - Oct 11, 1830". Our Campaigns. December 17, 2005. Retrieved April 10, 2022.
- ^ "SC District 02 Race - Oct 11, 1830". Our Campaigns. December 17, 2005. Retrieved April 10, 2022.
- ^ "SC District 03 Race - Oct 11, 1830". Our Campaigns. December 17, 2005. Retrieved April 10, 2022.
- ^ "SC District 04 Race - Oct 11, 1830". Our Campaigns. December 17, 2005. Retrieved April 10, 2022.
- ^ "SC District 05 Race - Oct 11, 1830". Our Campaigns. December 17, 2005. Retrieved April 10, 2022.
- ^ "SC District 06 Race - Oct 11, 1830". Our Campaigns. December 17, 2005. Retrieved April 10, 2022.
- ^ "SC District 07 Race - Oct 11, 1830". Our Campaigns. December 17, 2005. Retrieved April 10, 2022.
- ^ "SC District 08 Race - Oct 11, 1830". Our Campaigns. December 17, 2005. Retrieved April 10, 2022.
- ^ "SC District 09 Race - Oct 11, 1830". Our Campaigns. December 17, 2005. Retrieved April 10, 2022.
- ^ "TN - District 01". Our Campaigns. Retrieved February 7, 2021.
- ^ "TN - District 02". Our Campaigns. Retrieved February 7, 2021.
- ^ "TN - District 03". Our Campaigns. Retrieved February 7, 2021.
- ^ "TN - District 04". Our Campaigns. Retrieved February 7, 2021.
- ^ "TN - District 05". Our Campaigns. Retrieved February 7, 2021.
- ^ "TN - District 06". Our Campaigns. Retrieved February 7, 2021.
- ^ "TN - District 07". Our Campaigns. Retrieved February 7, 2021.
- ^ "TN - District 08". Our Campaigns. Retrieved February 7, 2021.
- ^ "TN - District 09". Our Campaigns. Retrieved February 7, 2021.
- ^ "VT - District 01 - Sep 06, 1830". Our Campaigns. September 22, 2006. Retrieved April 10, 2022.
- ^ "VT - District 02 - Sep 06, 1830". Our Campaigns. September 18, 2006. Retrieved April 10, 2022.
- ^ "VT - District 03 - First Trial - Sep 06, 1830". Our Campaigns. September 22, 2006. Retrieved April 10, 2022.
- ^ "VT - District 03 - Second Trial - Dec 07, 1830". Our Campaigns. September 22, 2006. Retrieved April 10, 2022.
- ^ "VT - District 04 - First Trial - Sep 06, 1830". Our Campaigns. September 22, 2006. Retrieved April 10, 2022.
- ^ "VT - District 04 - Second Trial - Dec 07, 1830". Our Campaigns. September 22, 2006. Retrieved April 10, 2022.
- ^ "VT - District 04 - Third Trial - Feb 07, 1831". Our Campaigns. September 22, 2006. Retrieved April 10, 2022.
- ^ "VT - District 04 - Fourth Trial - Apr 04, 1831". Our Campaigns. September 22, 2006. Retrieved April 10, 2022.
- ^ "VT - District 04 - Fifth Trial - Jun 06, 1831". Our Campaigns. September 22, 2006. Retrieved April 10, 2022.
- ^ "VT - District 04 - Sixth Trial - Aug 01, 1831". Our Campaigns. September 22, 2006. Retrieved April 10, 2022.
- ^ "VT - District 04 - Seventh Trial - Oct 01, 1831". Our Campaigns. September 22, 2006. Retrieved April 10, 2022.
- ^ "VT - District 04 - Eighth Trial - Dec 05, 1831". Our Campaigns. September 22, 2006. Retrieved April 10, 2022.
- ^ "VT - District 04 - Ninth Trial - Feb 06, 1832". Our Campaigns. September 22, 2006. Retrieved April 10, 2022.
- ^ "VT - District 04 - Tenth Trial - Apr 02, 1832". Our Campaigns. September 22, 2006. Retrieved April 10, 2022.
- ^ "VT - District 04 - Eleventh Trial - Jun 04, 1832". Our Campaigns. September 22, 2006. Retrieved April 10, 2022.
- ^ "VT - District 05 - Sep 06, 1830". Our Campaigns. September 2, 2006. Retrieved April 10, 2022.
- ^ "VA District 01 Race - Aug 02, 1831". Our Campaigns. September 19, 2010. Retrieved April 11, 2022.
- ^ "VA District 02 Race - Aug 02, 1831". Our Campaigns. October 21, 2007. Retrieved April 11, 2022.
- ^ "VA District 03 Race - Aug 02, 1831". Our Campaigns. October 21, 2007. Retrieved April 11, 2022.
- ^ "VA District 04 Race - Aug 02, 1831". Our Campaigns. October 21, 2007. Retrieved April 11, 2022.
- ^ "VA District 05 Race - Aug 02, 1831". Our Campaigns. October 21, 2007. Retrieved April 11, 2022.
- ^ "VA District 06 Race - Aug 02, 1831". Our Campaigns. October 21, 2007. Retrieved April 11, 2022.
- ^ "VA District 07 Race - Aug 02, 1831". Our Campaigns. October 21, 2007. Retrieved April 11, 2022.
- ^ "VA District 08 Race - Aug 02, 1831". Our Campaigns. January 25, 2013. Retrieved April 11, 2022.
- ^ "VA District 09 Race - Aug 02, 1831". Our Campaigns. October 21, 2007. Retrieved April 11, 2022.
- ^ "VA District 10 Race - Aug 02, 1831". Our Campaigns. October 21, 2007. Retrieved April 11, 2022.
- ^ "VA District 11 Race - Aug 02, 1831". Our Campaigns. October 21, 2007. Retrieved April 11, 2022.
- ^ "VA District 12 Race - Aug 02, 1831". Our Campaigns. October 21, 2007. Retrieved April 11, 2022.
- ^ "VA District 13 Race - Aug 02, 1831". Our Campaigns. October 21, 2007. Retrieved April 11, 2022.
- ^ "VA District 14 Race - Aug 02, 1831". Our Campaigns. October 21, 2007. Retrieved April 11, 2022.
- ^ "VA District 15 Race - Aug 02, 1831". Our Campaigns. October 21, 2007. Retrieved April 11, 2022.
- ^ "VA District 16 Race - Aug 02, 1831". Our Campaigns. October 21, 2007. Retrieved April 11, 2022.
- ^ "VA District 17 Race - Aug 02, 1831". Our Campaigns. October 21, 2007. Retrieved April 11, 2022.
- ^ "VA District 18 Race - Aug 02, 1831". Our Campaigns. October 21, 2007. Retrieved April 11, 2022.
- ^ "VA District 19 Race - Aug 02, 1831". Our Campaigns. October 21, 2007. Retrieved April 11, 2022.
- ^ "VA District 20 Race - Aug 02, 1831". Our Campaigns. October 21, 2007. Retrieved April 11, 2022.
- ^ "VA District 21 Race - Aug 02, 1831". Our Campaigns. October 21, 2007. Retrieved April 11, 2022.
- ^ "VA District 22 Race - Aug 02, 1831". Our Campaigns. October 21, 2007. Retrieved April 11, 2022.
- ^ "AR Territorial Delegate Race - Sep 04, 1831". Our Campaigns. July 16, 2006. Retrieved April 10, 2022.
- ^ "FL Territory - Delegate Race - Sep 01, 1830". Our Campaigns. May 16, 2006. Retrieved April 10, 2022.
- ^ "MI Territorial Delegate Race - Aug 08, 1831". Our Campaigns. July 16, 2006. Retrieved April 10, 2022.
Bibliography
- Dubin, Michael J. (March 1, 1998). United States Congressional Elections, 1788-1997: The Official Results of the Elections of the 1st Through 105th Congresses. McFarland and Company. ISBN 978-0786402830.
- Martis, Kenneth C. (January 1, 1989). The Historical Atlas of Political Parties in the United States Congress, 1789-1989. Macmillan Publishing Company. ISBN 978-0029201701.
- Moore, John L., ed. (1994). Congressional Quarterly's Guide to U.S. Elections (Third ed.). Congressional Quarterly Inc. ISBN 978-0871879967.
- "Party Divisions of the House of Representatives* 1789–Present". Office of the Historian, House of United States House of Representatives. Retrieved January 21, 2015.
External links
- Office of the Historian (Office of Art & Archives, Office of the Clerk, U.S. House of Representatives)