List of heads of state of Panama
Appearance
President of the Republic of Panama | |
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Presidente de la República de Panamá | |
![]() Presidential Standard | |
![]() Coat of arms of Panama | |
since 1 July 2019 | |
Residence | Palacio de las Garzas, Panama City |
Term length | Five years, renewable once non-consecutively |
Precursor | Martín Torrijos |
Inaugural holder | Manuel Amador Guerrero |
Formation | 20 February 1904 |
Deputy | Vice President of Panama |
Salary | 7,000 USD per month[1] |
Website | Presidencia de la República |
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This article lists the heads of state of Panama since the short-lived first independence from the Republic of New Granada in 1840 and the final separation from Colombia in 1903.
Free State of the Isthmus (1840–1841)
No. | Portrait | President (Birth–Death) |
Term of office | Notes | ||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Took office | Left office | Time in office | ||||
1 | ![]() |
Juan López (1823–1874) |
18 November 1840 | 20 March 1841 | 122 days | Superior Civil Chief |
2 | ![]() |
Tomás de Herrera (1804–1854) |
20 March 1841 | 8 June 1841 | 80 days | Superior Chief of State |
(2) | 8 June 1841 | 31 December 1841 | 206 days | President |
Republic of Panama (1903–present)
President of the Municipal Council of Panama and de facto President (1903)
No. | Portrait | Name (Birth–Death) |
Term of office | Political Party | ||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Took office | Left office | Time in office | ||||
3 | ![]() |
Demetrio H. Brid (1859–1917) |
3 November 1903 | 4 November 1903 | 1 day | Conservative Party |
Members of the Provisional Government Junta (1903–1904)
No. | Portrait | Name (Birth–Death) |
Term of office | Political Party | ||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Took office | Left office | Time in office | ||||
4 | ![]() |
José Agustín Arango (1841–1909) |
4 November 1903 | 20 February 1904 | 108 days | National Liberal Party |
5 | ![]() |
Tomás Arias (1856–1932) |
Independent | |||
6 | ![]() |
Federico Boyd (1851–1924) |
National Liberal Party | |||
7 | ![]() |
Manuel Espinosa Batista (1857–1919) |
9 November 1903 | 7 December 1903 | 28 days | National Liberal Party |
Presidents of Panama (1904–present)
No. | Portrait | President (Birth–Death) |
Elected | Term of office | Political Party | Notes | ||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Took office | Left office | Time in office | ||||||
1 | ![]() |
Manuel Amador Guerrero (1833–1909) |
1904 | 20 February 1904 | 23 June 1907[2] | 3 years, 123 days | Conservative Party | |
2 | ![]() |
José Domingo de Obaldía (1845–1910) |
— | 24 June 1907[2] | 27 December 1907[2] | 186 days | National Liberal Party | |
(1) | ![]() |
Manuel Amador Guerrero (1833–1909) |
— | 29 December 1907[2] | 1 October 1908 | 277 days | Conservative Party | |
(2) | ![]() |
José Domingo de Obaldía (1845–1910) |
1908 | 1 October 1908 | 1 March 1910 | 1 year, 151 days | National Liberal Party | Died in office. |
— | ![]() |
Carlos Antonio Mendoza (1856–1916) |
— | 1 March 1910 | 1 October 1910 | 214 days | National Liberal Party | Acting President. |
— | ![]() |
Federico Boyd (1851–1924) |
— | 1 October 1910 | 5 October 1910 | 4 days | National Liberal Party | Acting President. |
— | ![]() |
Pablo Arosemena (1836–1920) |
— | 5 October 1910 | 1 October 1912 | 1 year, 362 days | National Liberal Party | Acting President. |
3 | ![]() |
Belisario Porras Barahona (1856–1942) |
1912 | 1 October 1912 | 1 October 1916 | 4 years | National Liberal Party | First tenure. |
4 | ![]() |
Ramón Maximiliano Valdés (1867–1918) |
1916 | 1 October 1916 | 3 June 1918 | 1 year, 245 days | National Liberal Party | Died in office. |
— | ![]() |
Ciro Luis Urriola (1863–1922) |
— | 3 June 1918 | 1 October 1918 | 120 days | National Liberal Party | Acting President. |
— | ![]() |
Pedro Antonio Díaz (1852–1919) |
— | 1 October 1918 | 12 October 1918 | 11 days | Conservative Party | Acting President. |
(3) | ![]() |
Belisario Porras Barahona (1856–1942) |
1918 | 12 October 1918 | 30 January 1920 | 1 year, 110 days | National Liberal Party | Second tenure. |
— | ![]() |
Ernesto Tisdel Lefevre (1876–1922) |
— | 30 January 1920 | 1 October 1920 | 245 days | National Liberal Party | Acting President. |
(3) | ![]() |
Belisario Porras Barahona (1856–1942) |
1920 | 1 October 1920 | 1 October 1924 | 4 years | National Liberal Party | Third tenure. |
5 | ![]() |
Rodolfo Chiari (1869–1937) |
1924 | 1 October 1924 | 1 October 1928 | 4 years | National Liberal Party | |
6 | ![]() |
Florencio Harmodio Arosemena (1872–1945) |
1928 | 1 October 1928 | 3 January 1931 | 2 years, 94 days | National Liberal Party | Deposed in a coup d'état. |
— | ![]() |
Harmodio Arias Madrid (1886–1963) |
— | 3 January 1931 | 16 January 1931 | 13 days | Independent | Acting President. |
7 | ![]() |
Ricardo Joaquín Alfaro Jované (1882–1971) |
— | 16 January 1931 | 5 June 1932 | 1 year, 141 days | National Liberal Party | |
8 | ![]() |
Harmodio Arias Madrid (1886–1963) |
1932 | 5 June 1932 | 1 October 1936 | 4 years, 118 days | National Revolutionary Party | |
9 | ![]() |
Juan Demóstenes Arosemena (1879–1939) |
1936 | 1 October 1936 | 16 December 1939 | 3 years, 76 days | National Liberal Party | Died in office. |
— | ![]() |
Ezequiel Fernández (1886–1946) |
— | 16 December 1939 | 18 December 1939 | 2 days | National Revolutionary Party | Acting President. |
— | ![]() |
Augusto Samuel Boyd (1879–1957) |
— | 18 December 1939 | 1 October 1940 | 288 days | National Revolutionary Party | Acting President. |
10 | ![]() |
Arnulfo Arias (1901–1988) |
1940 | 1 October 1940 | 9 October 1941 | 1 year, 8 days | National Revolutionary Party | First tenure. Deposed in a coup d'état. |
11 | ![]() |
Ricardo Adolfo de la Guardia Arango (1899–1969) |
— | 9 October 1941 | 15 June 1945 | 3 years, 249 days | Independent | |
— | ![]() |
Enrique Adolfo Jiménez (1888–1970) |
1945 | 15 June 1945 | 7 August 1948 | 3 years, 53 days | National Liberal Party | Provisional President. |
12 | ![]() |
Domingo Díaz Arosemena (1875–1949) |
1948 | 7 August 1948 | 28 July 1949 | 355 days | National Liberal Party | Resigned after a heart attack, and died less than a month later. |
13 | ![]() |
Daniel Chanis Pinzón (1892–1961) |
— | 28 July 1949 | 20 November 1949 | 115 days | National Liberal Party | |
14 | ![]() |
Roberto Francisco Chiari Remón (1905–1981) |
— | 20 November 1949 | 24 November 1949 | 4 days | National Liberal Party | First tenure. |
(10) | ![]() |
Arnulfo Arias (1901–1988) |
— | 24 November 1949 | 9 May 1951 | 1 year, 166 days | Panameñista Party | Second tenure. |
15 | ![]() |
Alcibíades Arosemena (1883–1958) |
— | 9 May 1951 | 1 October 1952 | 1 year, 145 days | Authentic Revolutionary Party | |
16 | ![]() |
José Antonio Remón Cantera (1908–1955) |
1952 | 1 October 1952 | 2 January 1955 | 2 years, 93 days | National Patriotic Coalition | Assassinated. |
17 | ![]() |
José Ramón Guizado (1899–1964) |
— | 2 January 1955 | 29 March 1955 | 86 days | National Patriotic Coalition | |
18 | ![]() |
Ricardo Arias (1912–1993) |
— | 29 March 1955 | 1 October 1956 | 1 year, 186 days | National Patriotic Coalition | |
19 | ![]() |
Ernesto de la Guardia (1904–1983) |
1956 | 1 October 1956 | 1 October 1960 | 4 years | National Patriotic Coalition | |
(14) | ![]() |
Roberto Francisco Chiari Remón (1905–1981) |
1960 | 1 October 1960 | 17 March 1963 | 2 years, 167 days | National Liberal Party | Second tenure. |
— | ![]() |
Bernardino González Ruiz (1911–2012) |
— | 17 March 1963 | 23 March 1963 | 6 days | Democratic Action Party | Acting president. |
(14) | ![]() |
Roberto Francisco Chiari Remón (1905–1981) |
— | 23 March 1963 | 1 October 1964 | 1 year, 192 days | National Liberal Party | Second tenure. |
20 | ![]() |
Marco Aurelio Robles (1908–1990) |
1964 | 1 October 1964 | 1 October 1968 | 4 years | National Liberal Party | |
(10) | ![]() |
Arnulfo Arias (1901–1988) |
1968 | 1 October 1968 | 11 October 1968 | 10 days | Panameñista Party | Third tenure. Deposed in a coup d'état. |
— | ![]() |
José María Pinilla Fábrega (1919–1979) |
— | 12 October 1968 | 18 December 1969 | 1 year, 67 days | Armed Forces | Chairman of the Provisional Junta. |
21 | ![]() |
Colonel Bolívar Urrutia Parrilla (1918–2005) |
Armed Forces | President. | ||||
— | ![]() |
Demetrio B. Lakas (1925–1999) |
— | 18 December 1969 | 19 December 1969 | 1 day | Independent | Chairman of the Provisional Junta to 11 October 1972. |
22 | 1972 | 19 December 1969 | 11 October 1978 | 8 years, 296 days | ||||
23 | ![]() |
Aristides Royo (born 1940) |
1978 | 11 October 1978 | 31 July 1982 | 3 years, 293 days | Democratic Revolutionary Party | |
24 | ![]() |
Ricardo de la Espriella (born 1934) |
— | 31 July 1982 | 13 February 1984 | 1 year, 197 days | Democratic Revolutionary Party | |
25 | ![]() |
Jorge Illueca (1918–2012) |
— | 13 February 1984 | 11 October 1984 | 241 days | Independent | |
26 | ![]() |
Nicolás Ardito Barletta Vallarino (born 1938) |
1984 | 11 October 1984 | 28 September 1985 | 352 days | Democratic Revolutionary Party | |
— | ![]() |
Eric Arturo Delvalle (1937–2015) |
— | 28 September 1985 | 26 February 1988 | 2 years, 151 days | Republican Party | Acting President. |
— | ![]() |
Manuel Solís Palma (1917–2009) |
— | 26 February 1988 | 1 September 1989 | 1 year, 187 days | Democratic Revolutionary Party | Acting President. |
— | ![]() |
Francisco Rodríguez (born 1938) |
— | 1 September 1989 | 20 December 1989 | 110 days | Democratic Revolutionary Party | Provisional President. Served at the time of the 1989 coup attempt. Deposed in the US invasion. |
27 | ![]() |
Guillermo Endara (1936–2009) |
1989 | 20 December 1989 | 1 September 1994 | 4 years, 255 days | Panameñista Party | |
28 | ![]() |
Ernesto Pérez Balladares (born 1946) |
1994 | 1 September 1994 | 1 September 1999 | 5 years | Democratic Revolutionary Party | |
29 | ![]() |
Mireya Moscoso (born 1946) |
1999 | 1 September 1999 | 1 September 2004 | 5 years | Panameñista Party | Widow of Arnulfo Arias. |
30 | ![]() |
Martín Torrijos (born 1963) |
2004 | 1 September 2004 | 1 July 2009 | 4 years, 303 days | Democratic Revolutionary Party | Son of Omar Torrijos. |
31 | ![]() |
Ricardo Martinelli (born 1951) |
2009 | 1 July 2009 | 1 July 2014 | 5 years | Democratic Change | |
32 | ![]() |
Juan Carlos Varela (born 1963) |
2014 | 1 July 2014 | 1 July 2019 | 5 years | Panameñista Party | |
33 | ![]() |
Laurentino Cortizo (born 1953) |
2019 | 1 July 2019 | Incumbent (Term ends on 1 July 2024) |
5 years, 48 days | Democratic Revolutionary Party |
Military leaders of Panama (1968–1989)
From 1968 to 1989 a military junta exerted actual control over the country and nominated the president, who himself held little power. The following individuals were leaders of the junta.
No. | Portrait | Name (Birth–Death) |
Term of office | Military affiliation | Notes | ||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Took office | Left office | Time in office | |||||
1 | ![]() |
Brigadier-General Omar Torrijos (1929–1981) |
11 October 1968 | 31 July 1981 | 12 years, 293 days | National Guard | Assumed power in the 1968 coup d'état. Styled as Maximum Leader of the Panamanian Revolution from 11 October 1968. Killed in an air crash. |
2 | ![]() |
Colonel Rubén Darío Paredes (born 1933) |
3 March 1982 | 12 August 1983 | 1 year, 162 days | National Guard | |
3 | ![]() |
General Manuel Noriega (1934–2017) |
12 August 1983 | 20 December 1989 | 6 years, 130 days | National Guard | Styled as Maximum Leader of the National Liberation from 15 December 1989. Deposed in the US invasion. |
Panama Defense Forces (from 29 September 1983.) |
Latest election
Candidate | Party | Votes | % | |
---|---|---|---|---|
Laurentino Cortizo | Democratic Revolutionary Party | 655,302 | 33.35 | |
Rómulo Roux | Democratic Change | 609,003 | 31.00 | |
Ricardo Lombana | Independent | 368,962 | 18.78 | |
José Blandón | Panameñista Party | 212,931 | 10.84 | |
Ana Matilde Gómez | Independent | 93,631 | 4.77 | |
Saúl Méndez | Broad Front for Democracy | 13,540 | 0.69 | |
Marco Ameglio | Independent | 11,408 | 0.58 | |
Total | 1,964,777 | 100.00 | ||
Valid votes | 1,964,777 | 97.58 | ||
Invalid/blank votes | 48,656 | 2.42 | ||
Total votes | 2,013,433 | 100.00 | ||
Registered voters/turnout | 2,757,823 | 73.01 | ||
Source: Election Tribunal |
See also
References
- ^ "Shocking Gap Between Latin America's Presidential Salaries And Workers Minimum Wage". Latin Post. 22 June 2017.
- ^ a b c d ".:: SomosPanama.com ::". 2 April 2016. Archived from the original on 2 April 2016. Retrieved 7 April 2018.