Arhansus

Arhansus

Arhantsusi
Arhansus Arhantsusi
Commune
	Arhansus sign
	Location of Arhansus
	Arhansus Arhansus
	Coordinates: 43°15′30″N 1°02′04″W / 43.2583°N 1.0344°W
Country	France
Region	Nouvelle-Aquitaine
Department	Pyrénées-Atlantiques
Arrondissement	Bayonne
Canton	Pays de Bidache, Amikuze et Ostibarre
Intercommunality	CA Pays Basque
Government
• Mayor (2014-2020)	Christine Erdozaincy-Etchart
Area 1	5.32 km2 (2.05 sq mi)
Population (2021)	70
• Density	13/km2 (34/sq mi)
Time zone	UTC+01:00 (CET)
• Summer (DST)	UTC+02:00 (CEST)
INSEE/Postal code	64045 /64120
Elevation	60–370 m (200–1,210 ft) ; (avg. 291 m or 955 ft)
	1 French Land Register data, which excludes lakes, ponds, glaciers > 1 km2 (0.386 sq mi or 247 acres) and river estuaries.

Arhansus (Basque: Arhantsusi) is a commune in the Pyrénées-Atlantiques department in the Nouvelle-Aquitaine region of south-western France.

The inhabitants of the commune are known as Arhantsusiar^[2]^[3] or Arhantsusitar.^[3]

Geography

Arhansus is located in the former basque province of Lower Navarre some 10 km south of Saint-Palais and 8 km north-east of Larceveau-Arros-Cibits. Access to the commune is solely by country roads with at least two country roads connecting the village to the D933 road from Larceveau-Arros-Cibrits to Uhart-Mixe which passes outside and parallel to the western border of the commune. The commune consists almost entirely of farmland with a few small patches of forest.^[4]

The Bidouze river forms the western border of the commune flowing north with two small streams rising in the commune and joining it. One stream is the northern border of the commune.^[4]

Places and Hamlets^[5]

Aguerrengoyhenko Borda (ruins)
Bidartia
Bordaberria
Carricondoa
Castellu Cahara^[6] or Gastelusare^[7]
Charcoa
Cuçuluteguia
Elgartia
Etchessaria
Eyhera
Eyheraberria
Goyhenetchea
Haramberria
Harispouria
Hirrundoya
Inchaurrague
Ithurbidia
Larrondoa
Lastapia
Mendionda
Olieta
Portasanse^[8]
Solaquia
Uligainia

Toponymy

The commune's name in basque is Arhantsusi^[3] (or Arhantsuse^[9]). The name is based on the basque radical Arhan-, Arran- from where Arhantz is derived^[10] but the etymology "where blackthorn abounds"^[11] is uncertain.^[10]

The following table details the origins of the commune name and other names in the commune.

Name	Spelling	Date	Source	Page	Origin	Description
Arhansus	Sanctus stephanus de aranchiis	1160	Orpustan	93		Village
	Aranchus	1160	Orpustan	93
	Arhanssus	1291	Orpustan	93
	Eransus	1305	Orpustan	93
	Aransus	1305	Orpustan	93
	Arhansus	1365	Orpustan	93
	Arhansus	1413	Orpustan	93
	Aransus	1513	Raymond	10	Pamplona
	Aransusi	1621	Orpustan	93

L'Eldurne	L'Eldurne	1863	Raymond	58		Stream, tributary of the Bidouze crossing Arhansus

Etchepare	Etchepare	1863	Raymond	63		Fief, under the Kingdom of Navarre

Etcheverry	Etcheverry	1863	Raymond	63		Fief, under the Kingdom of Navarre

Gaztelu Zahar	Gastellusahar	1750	Cassini			Mountain between Arhansus and Juxue
	Gastelluçar	1863	Raymond	68

Sources:

Orpustan: Jean-Baptiste Orpustan, New Basque Toponymy^[10]
Raymond: Topographic Dictionary of the Department of Basses-Pyrenees, 1863, on the page numbers indicated in the table. (in French)^[7]
Cassini: Cassini Map from 1750^[12]

Origins:

Pamplona: Titles of Pamplona^[13]

History

Heraldry

Arms of the Arhansus family	Blazon of the Arhansus Family of Lower Navarre Blazon: Gules, 15 billets Or at orle.

Arms of the Etchepare (Arhansus) family	Blazon of the Etchepare (Arhansus) Family - former fief of the Kingdom of Navarre Blazon: Party per fesse, 1 Or, 2 Gules with a crescent inverted Argent.

Administration

List of Successive Mayors^[14]

From	To	Name	Party	Position
2001	2014	Marc Arrachou
2014	2020	Christine Erdozaincy-Etchart

(Not all data is known)

Inter-communality

Arhansus is part of seven inter-communal structures:

the Community of communes of Iholdi-Ostibarre;
the AEP association of Ostabaret;
the Energy association of Pyrénées-Atlantiques;
the inter-communal association for the single purpose of Oztibarre Garbi;
the inter-communal association for the development and management of the slaughterhouse at Saint-Jean-Pied-de-Port;
the association for the operation of schools in Ostibarret;
the association to support Basque culture.

Demography

In 2009 the commune had 74 inhabitants. The evolution of the number of inhabitants is known from the population censuses conducted in the commune since 1793. From the 21st century, a census of communes with fewer than 10,000 inhabitants is held every five years, unlike larger towns that have a sample survey every year.^{[Note 1]}

Template:Table Population Town

Economy

Economic activity is mainly agricultural. the commune is part of the Appellation d'origine contrôlée (AOC) zone of Ossau-iraty.

Culture and Heritage

Civil Heritage

Several sites in Arhansus are registered as historical monuments:

The Protohistoric Camp at Castellu Cahara^[6] at an altitude of 361m
A second Protohistoric Camp at Portasanse.^[8]
Houses and Farms (18th-19th century)^[15]

Religious Heritage

The Parish Church of Saint-Étienne (15th century) is registered as an historical monument.^[16]

The Church

Stained Glass
Relief

Hilarri in Arhansus

Notes and references

Notes

^ At the beginning of the 21st century, the methods of identification have been modified by Law No. 2002-276 of 27 February 2002 Archived 6 March 2016 at the Wayback Machine, the so-called "law of local democracy" and in particular Title V "census operations" allows, after a transitional period running from 2004 to 2008, the annual publication of the legal population of the different French administrative districts. For communes with a population greater than 10,000 inhabitants, a sample survey is conducted annually, the entire territory of these communes is taken into account at the end of the period of five years. The first "legal population" after 1999 under this new law came into force on 1 January 2009 and was based on the census of 2006.

References

^ "Populations légales 2021" (in French). The National Institute of Statistics and Economic Studies. 28 December 2023.
^ Brigitte Jobbé-Duval, Dictionary of place names - Pyrénées-Atlantiques, 2009, Archives and Culture, ISBN 978-2-35077-151-9 (in French)
^ ^a ^b ^c Euskaltzaindia - Academy of the Basque language
^ ^a ^b ^c Google Maps
^ Géoportail, IGN (in French)
^ ^a ^b Ministry of Culture, Mérimée PA00084316 Protohistoric Camp at Castellu Cahara (in French)
^ ^a ^b Topographic Dictionary of the Department of Basses-Pyrenees, Paul Raymond, Imprimerie nationale, 1863, Digitised from Lyon Public Library 15 June 2011 (in French)
^ ^a ^b Ministry of Culture, Mérimée PA00084414 Protohistoric Camp at Portasanse (in French)
^ Pierre Lhande, Dictionary Basque-French, 1926 (in French)
^ ^a ^b ^c Jean-Baptiste Orpustan, New Basque Toponymy, Presses universitaires de Bordeaux, 2006, p. 93 ISBN 2 86781 396 4 (in French)
^ Ministry of Culture, Mérimée IA64000791 Presentation of the commune of Arhansus (in French)
^ Cassini Map 1750 – Arhansus
^ Titles published by don José Yanguas y Miranda (in Spanish)
^ List of Mayors of France (in French)
^ Ministry of Culture, Mérimée IA64000820 Houses and Farms (in French)
^ Ministry of Culture, Mérimée IA64000767 Parish Church of Saint-Étienne (in French)

[15] At the beginning of the 21st century, the methods of identification have been modified by Law No. 2002-276 of 27 February 2002 Archived 6 March 2016 at the Wayback Machine, the so-called "law of local democracy" and in particular Title V "census operations" allows, after a transitional period running from 2004 to 2008, the annual publication of the legal population of the different French administrative districts. For communes with a population greater than 10,000 inhabitants, a sample survey is conducted annually, the entire territory of these communes is taken into account at the end of the period of five years. The first "legal population" after 1999 under this new law came into force on 1 January 2009 and was based on the census of 2006.

[popleg2021-1] "Populations légales 2021" (in French). The National Institute of Statistics and Economic Studies. 28 December 2023.

[Jobbé-2] Brigitte Jobbé-Duval, Dictionary of place names - Pyrénées-Atlantiques, 2009, Archives and Culture, ISBN 978-2-35077-151-9 (in French)

[Euskaltzaindia-3] Euskaltzaindia - Academy of the Basque language

[Google-4] Google Maps

[Géo-5] Géoportail, IGN (in French)

[Castellu-6] Ministry of Culture, Mérimée PA00084316 Protohistoric Camp at Castellu Cahara (in French)

[Raymond-7] Topographic Dictionary of the Department of Basses-Pyrenees, Paul Raymond, Imprimerie nationale, 1863, Digitised from Lyon Public Library 15 June 2011 (in French)

[Portasanse-8] Ministry of Culture, Mérimée PA00084414 Protohistoric Camp at Portasanse (in French)

[Lhande-9] Pierre Lhande, Dictionary Basque-French, 1926 (in French)

[Orpustan-10] Jean-Baptiste Orpustan, New Basque Toponymy, Presses universitaires de Bordeaux, 2006, p. 93 ISBN 2 86781 396 4 (in French)

[Arhansus-11] Ministry of Culture, Mérimée IA64000791 Presentation of the commune of Arhansus (in French)

[Cassini-12] Cassini Map 1750 – Arhansus

[Pampelune-13] Titles published by don José Yanguas y Miranda (in Spanish)

[14] List of Mayors of France (in French)

[16] Ministry of Culture, Mérimée IA64000820 Houses and Farms (in French)

[17] Ministry of Culture, Mérimée IA64000767 Parish Church of Saint-Étienne (in French)

[1]

[2]

[3]

[4]

[5]

[6]

[7]

[8]

[9]

[10]

[11]

[12]

[13]

[14]

[Note 1]

[15]

[16]

Arhansus