List of former territorial authorities in New Zealand
This is a list of former territorial authorities in New Zealand. "Territorial authority" is the generic term used for local government entities in New Zealand. Local government has gone through three principal phases with different structures: the provincial era, from 1853 to 1876; the counties and boroughs system from 1876 until 1989; and the current system of regions, cities and districts.
This article attempts to list all territorial authorities which have been disestablished.
Provincial era (until 1876)
The original three provinces were established in 1841 by Royal Charter. The New Zealand Constitution Act 1846 reduced the number of provinces to two. The New Zealand Constitution Act 1852 re-divided New Zealand into six provinces, and four additional provinces emerged during the remainder of the Provincial Era. This era came to end with the Abolition of Provinces Act 1876.[1]
Province | Established | Disestablished | Notes |
---|---|---|---|
Auckland | 1853 | 1876 | |
Canterbury | 1853 | 1876 | |
Hawke's Bay | 1858 | 1876 | Formerly part of Wellington Province |
Marlborough | 1859 | 1876 | Formerly part of Nelson Province |
Nelson | 1853 | 1876 | |
New Leinster | 1841 | 1846 | New Zealand Constitution Act 1846 |
New Munster | 1841 | 1853 | New Zealand Constitution Act 1852 |
New Plymouth | 1853 | 1876 | Renamed "Taranaki" in 1859 |
New Ulster | 1841 | 1853 | New Zealand Constitution Act 1852 |
Otago | 1853 | 1876 | |
Southland | 1861 | 1870 | Originally part of, and later reunited with, Otago Province |
Wellington | 1853 | 1876 | |
Westland | 1873 | 1876 | Independent (Westland County) from 1868, and before that part of Canterbury Province |
Post-provincial era (1876–1989)
After New Zealand abolished its provinces in 1876, a system of counties similar to other countries' systems was instituted, lasting with little change (except mergers and other localised boundary adjustments) until 1989 when they were reorganised into district councils within a system of larger regions.
The Local Government Act 1974 began the process of bringing urban, mixed, and rural councils into the same legislative framework. Substantial reorganisations under that Act resulted in a shake-up in 1989, which abolished all the counties except for the Chatham Islands County, which survived under that name for a further 6 years but then became a "Territory" under the "Chatham Islands Council".
Borough councils
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New Zealand formerly used the term borough to designate self-governing towns of more than 1,000 people, although 19th century census records show many boroughs with populations as low as 200.[2]
Council | Established | Disestablished | Area | Notes |
---|---|---|---|---|
Akaroa | ![]() | |||
Alexandra | 1867 [3] | 1989 | 1.92 km2 (470 acres) (1986) | Merged into Central Otago District |
Arrowtown | 10 May 1877 [4] | 1989 | 170 acres (0.69 km2) (1877) 1.92 km2 (470 acres) (1986) |
Merged into Queenstown-Lakes District |
Ashburton | 9 September 1878[5][6] | 1989 | 12.27 km2 (4.74 sq mi) (1986) | Merged into Ashburton District |
Auckland | 1851[7] | 1871 | Declared a city. | |
Avenal | 1876 [8] | 1909 | Amalgamated with Invercargill Borough | |
Avondale | 1922 [9] | 1927 | Amalgamated with Auckland City | |
Balclutha | 1870 [10] | 1989 | 568 acres (2.30 km2) (1877) 5.26 km2 (1,300 acres) (1986) |
Merged into Clutha District |
Birkenhead | 1888 | 1978 [11] | Proclaimed a city on 15 March 1978 | |
Blenheim | 1869 [12] | 1989 | 17.68 km2 (6.83 sq mi) (1986) | Merged into Marlborough District |
Bluff | 1917 [13] | 1989 | 8.67 km2 | Merged into Invercargill city. See Campbelltown below. |
Brunner | 1887 [14] | 1925 | Amalgamated with Grey County | |
Cambridge | 1886 [15] | 1989 | 9.65 km2 | Merged into Waipa District |
Caversham | 1877 [16] | 1904 | 4.34 km2 | Amalgamated with Dunedin city |
Campbelltown | 1878 [13] | 1917 | 8.67 km2 | Formally renamed Bluff (see above) |
Carterton | 1887 [17] | 1989 | 39.81 km2 | Grew into Carterton District |
Cromwell | 1866 [18] | 1989 | 33.3 km2 | Merged into Central Otago District |
Dannevirke | 1892 [19] | 1989 | 5.62 km2 | Merged into Tararua District |
Dargaville | 1908 [20] | 1989 | 11.33 km2 | Merged into Kaipara District |
Devonport | 1886 [21] | 1989 | 5.79 km2 | Merged into North Shore City |
Dunedin South | 1908 | Amalgamated with Dunedin city [16] | ||
Eastbourne | 1905 | 1989 | 12.95 km2 | Merged into Lower Hutt City |
East Coast Bays | 1954 | 1975 [11] | Proclaimed a city on 1 April 1975 | |
East Invercargill | 1876 [8] | 1909 | Amalgamated with Invercargill Borough | |
Eketahuna | 1907 | fl. 1972 [22] | Merged into Eketahuna County [23] | |
Ellerslie | 1938 [9] | 1989 | 3.01 km2 | Merged into Auckland City |
Eltham | 1901 [24] | 1989 | 6.47 km2 | Merged into South Taranaki District |
Featherston | 1917 [25] | 1989 | 3.07 km2 | Merged into South Wairarapa District |
Feilding | 1881 [26] | 1989 | 8.52 km2 | Merged into Manawatu District |
Foxton | 1883 [27] | 1989 | 3.07 km2 | Merged into Horowhenua District |
Geraldine | 1904 [28] | 1989 | 3.22 km2 | Merged into Timaru District |
Gladstone | 1876 [8] | 1909 | Amalgamated with Invercargill Borough | |
Glen Eden | fl. 1972 [22] | 1989 | 4.95 km2 | Merged into Waitakere City |
Gore | 1885 [29] | 1989 | 9.43 km2 | Merged into Gore District |
Green Island | 1875 [16] | 1989 | 7.28 km2 | Merged into Dunedin City |
Grey Lynn | 1899 [9] | 1914 | Amalgamated with Auckland City | |
Greymouth | 1868 [30] | 1989 | 10.48 km2 | Merged into Grey District |
Greytown | 1878 [31] | 1989 | 4.45 km2 | Merged into South Wairarapa District |
Hampden | 1879 [32] | 1967 [33] | Amalgamated with Waitaki County | |
Havelock North | [34] | 1989 | 5.63 km2 | Merged into Hastings District |
Hawera | fl. 1972 [22] | |||
Helensville | 1947 [35] | 1989 | 5.32 km2 | Merged into Rodney District |
Henderson | 1946 [36] | 1989 | 66.7 km2 | Merged into Waitakere City |
Hokitika | 1868 [37] | 1989 | 35.7 km2 | Merged into Westland District |
Howick | 1952 [38] | 1989 | 6.21 km2 | Merged into Manukau City |
Huntly | 1931 [39] | 1989 | 9.3 km2 | Merged into Waikato District |
Inglewood | 1902 [40] | 1986 | 2.83 km2 | Merged into Inglewood District 1986 Merged into New Plymouth District 1989 |
Invercargill | 1871 [8] | 1930 | Elevated to City | |
Kaiapoi | 1868 [41] | 1989 | 4.66 km2 | Merged into Waimakariri District |
Kaikohe | 1947 [42] | 1989 | 5.44 km2 | Merged into Far North District |
Kaitaia | 1922 [43] | 1989 | 6.95 km2 | Merged into Far North District |
Kaitangata | 1882 [44] | 1989 | 3.64 km2 | Merged into Clutha District |
Kapiti | 1974 [21] | 1989 | 160.64 km2 | Merged into Kapiti Coast District |
Kawerau | 1954 [45] | 1989 | 21.74 km2 | Changed to Kawerau District |
Lawrence | 1866 [46] | 1989 | 2.95 km2 | Merged into Clutha District |
Levin | 1906 [47] | 1989 | 12.95 km2 | Merged into Horowhenua District |
Linwood | 22 February 1893[48] | 1903 | Amalgamated with Christchurch city [48] | |
Lyttelton | 28 May 1868[49] | 1989 | 10.36 km2 | Merged into Banks Peninsula District |
Maori Hill | 1876 [16] | 1915[50] | 14.97 km2 | Amalgamated with Dunedin City |
Martinborough | 1928 [51] | 1989 | 4.33 km2 | Merged into South Wairarapa District |
Marton | 1879 [52] | 1989 | 5.72 km2 | Merged into Rangitikei District |
Masterton | 1877 [53] | 1989 | 17.96 km2 | Merged into Masterton District |
Matamata | 1935 [54] | 1989 | 5.33 km2 | Merged into Matamata-Piako District |
Mataura | 1895 [55] | 1989 | 5.15 km2 | Merged into Gore District |
Milton | 1866 [56] | 1989 | 3.88 km2 | Merged into Clutha District |
Mornington | 1877 [16] | 1915[50] | 2.65 km2 | Amalgamated with Dunedin City |
Morrinsville | 1921 [57] | 1989 | 4.76 km2 | Merged into Matamata-Piako District |
Mosgiel | 1884[50] | 1989 | 7.87 km2 | Merged into Dunedin City |
Motueka | 1900 [58] | 1989 | 47.9 km2 | Merged into Tasman District |
Mount Albert | 1911 [9] | 1978 | Became Mount Albert City | |
Mount Eden | 1906 [59] | 1989 | 5.98 km2 | Merged into Auckland City |
Mount Maunganui | 1945 [60] | 1989 | 19.11 km2 | Merged into Tauranga City |
Mount Roskill | 1947 [9] | 1989 | 18.62 km2 | Merged into Auckland City |
Mount Wellington | 1952 [9] | 1986 | 16.72 km2 | Merged with Otahuhu borough to become Tamaki City |
Murupara | 1962 [61] | 1989 | 30.0 km2 | Merged into Whakatane District |
Naseby | 1872 [21] | 1989 | 0.73 km2 | Merged into Central Otago District |
New Brighton | 1897 [48] | 1941 | Amalgamated with Christchurch city [62] | |
New Lynn | 1910 [21] | 1989 | 5.63 km2 | Merged into Waitakere City |
Newmarket | 1885 [9] | 1989 | 0.79 km2 | Amalgamated with Auckland City |
Newton | 1885 | 1899 | Renamed Grey Lynn Borough.[9] | |
Ngāruawāhia | 1920 [21] | 1989 | 5.18 km2 | Merged into Waikato District |
Northcote | 1908 [21] | 1989 | 5.40 km2 | Merged into North Shore City |
North East Valley | 1877 [16] | 1910[50] | 16.11 km2 | Amalgamated with Dunedin City |
North Invercargill | 1876 [8] | 1909 | Amalgamated with Invercargill Borough | |
Oamaru | 1866 [63] | 1989 | 7.43 km2 | Merged into Waitaki District |
Ohakune | 1911 [64] | 1989 | 8.41 km2 | Merged into Ruapehu District |
Onehunga | 1877 [9] | 1989 | 7.60 km2 | Merged into Auckland City |
One Tree Hill | 1930 [9] | 1989 | 9.83 km2 | Merged into Auckland City |
Opotiki | 1911 [61] | 1973 | Amalgamated with Opotiki County | |
Otahuhu | 1912 [9] | 1986 | 5.74 km2 | Merged with Mount Wellington borough to become Tamaki City |
Otaki | 1921 [21] | 1989 | 43.20 km2 | Merged into Kapiti Coast District |
Paeroa | 1915 [21] | 1989 | 5.75 km2 | Merged into Hauraki District |
Pahiatua | 1892 [21] | 1989 | 2.91 km2 | Merged into Tararua District |
Palmerston | 1872 [65] | 1966 | ||
Papakura | 1 April 1938[11] | 1975[11] | Constituted a city on 1 January 1975 | |
Parnell | 1877 [9] | 1913 | Amalgamated with Auckland City | |
Patea | 1881 [21] | 1989 | 5.75 km2 | Merged into South Taranaki District |
Petone | 1888 [21] | 1989 | 10.28 km2 | Merged into Lower Hutt City |
Picton | 1876 [21] | 1989 | 4.24 km2 | Merged into Marlborough District |
Port Chalmers | 1866 [21] | 1989 | 4.01 km2 | Merged into Dunedin City |
Pukekohe | 1905 [21] | 1989 | 14.05 km2 | Merged into Franklin District |
Putaruru | 1926 [21] | 1989 | 3.94 km2 | Merged into South Waikato District |
Queenstown | 1866 [21] | 1986 | 4.21 km2 | Merged with Lake County to form Queenstown-Lakes District |
Raetihi | 1921 [21] | 1989 | 3.88 km2 | Merged into Ruapehu District |
Rangiora | 1871 [21] | 1986 | 3.56 km2 | Amalgamated with Rangiora County to form Rangiora District.[66] |
Riccarton | 1913[21] | 1989 | 2.83 km2 | Merged into Christchurch City |
Richmond | 1891[21] | 1989 | 10.52 km2 | Merged into Tasman District |
Riverton | 1871[67][68] | 1983 [69] | ||
Roslyn | 1877 [16] | 1912[50] | 8.09 km2 | Amalgamated with Dunedin City |
Ross | 1878 [70] | 1972 | Amalgamated with Westland County | |
Roxburgh | 1874 [21] | 1989 | 2.08 km2 | Merged into Central Otago District |
Runanga | 1912 [21] | 1989 | 4.80 km2 | Merged into Grey District |
St Albans | 24 November 1881[48] | 1903 | Amalgamated with Christchurch city | |
Saint Kilda | 1875 [16] | 1989 | 2.47 km2 | Merged into Dunedin City |
South Dunedin | 1875 [16] | 1905[50] | 1.67 km2 | Amalgamated with Dunedin City |
South Invercargill | 1877 [8] | 1956 | Amalgamated with Invercargill City | |
Spreydon | 1 April 1911[48][71] | 1921[72] | Amalgamated with Christchurch City. | |
Stratford | 1898 [21] | 1989 | 8.16 km2 | Merged into Stratford District |
Sumner | 1891 [48] | 1 April 1945[48] | Amalgamated with Christchurch city [48] | |
Sydenham | 20 September 1877[73] | 1903 [72] | Amalgamated with Christchurch City. | |
Taihape | 1906 [21] | 1989 | 7.78 km2 | Merged into Rangitikei District |
Tapanui | 1876 [21] | 1989 | 1.21 km2 | Merged into Clutha District |
Taumarunui | 1910 [21] | 1989 | 15.7 km2 | Merged into Ruapehu District |
Taupo | fl. 1972 [22] | 1989 | 33.85 km2 | Merged into Taupo District |
Tauranga | 1882 [61] | 1963 [22] | km2 | Elevated to city |
Tawa | fl. 1972 [22] | 1989 | 6.94 km2 | Merged into Wellington City |
Te Aroha | 1898 [21] | 1989 | 31.8 km2 | Merged into Matamata-Piako District |
Te Awamutu | 1915 [21] | 1989 | 7.13 km2 | Merged into Waipa District |
Te Kuiti | fl. 1972 [22] | |||
Temuka | 1899 [21] | 1989 | 4.05 km2 | Merged into Timaru District |
Te Puke | 1935 [61] | 1989 | 5.34 km2 | Merged into Western Bay of Plenty District |
Thames | fl. 1972 [22] | |||
Tokoroa | 1975 [21] | 1989 | 13.25 km2 | Merged into South Waikato District |
Tuakau | fl. 1972 [22] | 1989 | 4.42 km2 | Merged into Franklin District |
Upper Hutt | 1 February 1928 | 2 May 1966 | City of Upper Hutt proclaimed[74] | |
Waihi | 1902 [21] | 1989 | 5.4 km2 | Merged into Hauraki District |
Waikouaiti | 1866[50] | 1966[50] | Known as West Hawksbury until 1909[50] | |
Waimate | 1879 [21] | 1989 | 3.12 km2 | Merged into Waimate District |
Waipawa | fl. 1972 [22] | |||
Waipukurau | fl. 1972 [22] | |||
Wairoa | 1909 [21] | 1989 | 6.59 km2 | Merged into Wairoa District |
Waitara | 1904 [21] | 1989 | 6.32 km2 | Merged into New Plymouth District |
Waiuku | 1989 | 5.93 km2 | Merged into Franklin District | |
West Harbour | 1877 [16] | 1963[50] | Western part amalgamated with Dunedin City, eastern part amalgamated with Waikouaiti County | |
Westport | 1873 [21] | 1989 | 3.44 km2 | Merged into Buller District |
Whakatane | 1917 [61] | 1976 | km2 | Amalgamated with Whakatane County to form Whakatane District |
Winton | 1877 [21] | 1989 | 2.36 km2 | Amalgamated with three other local authorities in 1989 to form Southland District.[75] |
Woodville | 1887 [21] | 1989 | 4.25 km2 | Merged into Tararua District |
Woolston | 27 July 1893[48] | 1921 [72] | Amalgamated with Christchurch City. |
Cities
Prior to 1989, any borough with a population exceeding 20,000 could proclaim itself a city. As part of the restructuring, many provincial cities were combined with surrounding rural counties to form districts. For example, Hastings became a district, although its population is greater than nearby city Napier, which did not acquire any rural areas. The term city is still used informally for all large towns. Rotorua was a city from 1962 until 1979, when it amalgamated with Rotorua County to become Rotorua District.[76][77] New Zealand's first city was Christchurch, proclaimed by royal charter in 1856.[78]
Council | Established | Disestablished | Area | Notes |
---|---|---|---|---|
Birkenhead | 1978 | 1989 | 12.66 square kilometres (4.89 sq mi) | Merged into North Shore City |
East Coast Bays | 1975 | 1989 | 15.59 square kilometres (6.02 sq mi) | Merged into North Shore City |
Gisborne | 1989 | 26.28 square kilometres (10.15 sq mi) | Merged into Gisborne District | |
Hastings | 1989 | 19.46 square kilometres (7.51 sq mi) | Merged into Hastings District | |
Mount Albert City | 1978 | 1989 | 9.83 square kilometres (3.80 sq mi) | Merged into Auckland City |
New Plymouth | 1989 | Merged into New Plymouth District | ||
Papakura | 1975 | 1989 | 13.95 square kilometres (5.39 sq mi) | Merged into Papakura District |
Papatoetoe | 1965 | 1989 | 9.03 square kilometres (3.49 sq mi) | Merged into Manukau City |
Takapuna | 1961 | 1989 | 114 square kilometres (44 sq mi) | Merged into North Shore City |
Tamaki | 1986 [9] | 1989 | Merged into Auckland City | |
Timaru | 1989 | 22.84 square kilometres (8.82 sq mi) | Merged into Timaru District | |
Waitemata City | 1974 | 1989 | 378.29 square kilometres (146.06 sq mi) | Merged into Waitakere City |
Wanganui | 1989 | 33.93 square kilometres (13.10 sq mi) | Merged into Wanganui District | |
Whangarei | 1989 | 292.79 square kilometres (113.05 sq mi) | Merged into Whangarei District |
Counties
When the provinces were abolished in 1876, 63 counties were established to govern rural areas. There were subdivisions and amalgamations over the next 113 years, with as many as 129 counties existing at once. Note that the designation of an area as a county often predated the formation of a county council. In the interim there was often a roads board as the only form of local administration. Fiord and Sounds counties never formed county councils, due to insufficient population to govern.
County | Established | Disestablished | Area[79] | Headquarters | Notes |
---|---|---|---|---|---|
Akaroa County | 1876 | 1989 | 440.48 km2 | Duvauchelle | Merged into Banks Peninsula District |
Akitio County | fl. 1911, 1961 [80] | Pongaroa | |||
Amuri | 1876 | 1989 | 11,000 km2 | Culverden | Merged into Hurunui District |
Ashburton | 1876 | 1989 | 6174 km2 | Ashburton | |
Ashley | 1876 | 1977 | Rangiora until 1968 [81] then Balcairn | Amalgamated with Waipara County to form Hurunui County.[82] | |
Awakino County | 1922 | Amalgamated with Waitomo to form Otorohanga County [83] | |||
Awatere County | fl. 1952 [81] | 1976 | Merged into Marlborough County | ||
Bay of Islands County | 1876 | 1989 | 2132.5 km2 | Kawakawa | |
Bruce | 1876 | 1989 | 1347.4 km2 | Milton | Merged into Clutha District |
Buller | 1876 | 1989 | 15,000 km2 | Westport | |
Castle Point County | fl. 1945 | Tainui | |||
Chatham Islands County | 1901 | 1989 | 963 km2 | Waitangi | [84] |
Cheviot County | 1876 | 1989 | 847.28 km2 | Cheviot | Merged into Hurunui District |
Clifton County | 1885 | 1989 | 1175.9 km2 | Waitara | Merged into New Plymouth District.[85] |
Clutha County | 1876 | 1989 | 2683.2 km2 | Balclutha | Merged into Clutha District |
Collingwood County | 1876 | 1956 | Amalgamated with Takaka County to form Golden Bay County.[86] | ||
Cook | 1876 | 1989 | 2729.4 km2 | Gisborne | Merged into Gisborne District |
Coromandel | 1876 | 1975 [21] | Amalgamated with Thames to form Thames-Coromandel District | ||
Dannevirke County | 1907 [21] | 1989 | 2217.8 km2 | Dannevirke | Merged into Tararua District |
East Taupo County | 1876 | ||||
Eden County | 1876 | 1940 | Amalgamated with Auckland City | ||
Egmont | 1902 [87] | 1989 | 621.86 km2 | Opunake | Merged into South Taranaki District |
Eketahuna County | 1899 [21] | 1989 | 8.29 km2 | Eketahuna | Merged into Tararua District |
Ellesmere | 1910 [88] | 1989 | 1200.4 km2 | Leeston | |
Eltham County | 1906 [21] | 1989 | 1388.8 km2 | Eltham | Merged into South Taranaki District |
Eyre | 1912 [89] | 1989 | 457.8 km2 | Kaiapoi in 1952,[81] later Eyreton | Merged into Waimakariri District |
Featherston | 1902 [21] | 1989 | 2471.9 km2 | Martinborough | |
Fiord County | 1876 | 1981 | km2 | Amalgamated with Wallace County in 1981, at which time it was "the only one of 105 counties where the Counties Act (1956) is not wholly in force" [90] | |
Franklin | 1912 [21] | 1989 | 1471.7 km2 | Pukekohe | Merged into Franklin District |
Geraldine | 1876 | km2 | Amalgamated with Levels County to form Strathallan County | ||
Golden Bay County | 1956 [86] | 1989 | 2661 km2 | Takaka | |
Great Barrier Island County | 1913 [21] | 1989 | 2.85 km2 | ||
Grey | 1876 | 1989 | 4091 km2 | Greymouth | |
Halswell County | 1910 [88] | 1968 | Halswell | Amalgamated with Paparua County [48] | |
Hauraki Plains County | 1920 [21] | 1989 | 601.1 km2 | Ngatea | |
Hawera County | km2 | ||||
Hawke's Bay County | 1876 | 1989 | 4828 km2 | Napier | |
Heathcote | 1910 [88] | 1989 | 31.09 km2 | Merged into Christchurch City | |
Hobson | 1876 | 1989 | 1929.5 km2 | Dargaville | Merged into Kaipara District [91] |
Hokianga County | 1876 | 1989 | 1588 km2 | Rawene | |
Horowhenua County | 1884 [21] | 1989 | 1422 km2 | Levin | Merged into Horowhenua District |
Hurunui | 1977 | 1989 | 3640 km2 | Amberley | Merged into Hurunui District [82] |
Hutt County | 1876 | 1989[92] | 6690 km2 | Initially Wellington, later Wainuiomata. | Between 1908 and 1962 the Makara riding was a separate county. On 1 April 1973, parts were transferred to Porirua, Upper Hutt and Wellington cities. In 1988, the Horokiri riding was amalgamated with Porirua City, Wainuiomata riding with Lower Hutt City and Heretaunga-Pinehaven Community with Upper Hutt City, while the balance went to form part of the Kapiti Coast District. |
Inangahua County | 1876 | 1989 | 2440.8 km2 | Reefton | |
Inglewood County | 1920 [21] | 1986 | 535.22 km2 | Inglewood | Merged into Inglewood District 1986 Merged into New Plymouth District 1989 |
Kaikoura County | 1876 | 1989 | 2347.5 km2 | Kaikoura | |
Kairanga County | 1901 [21] | 1989 | 466.2 km2 | Palmerston North | |
Kaitieke | fl. 1952 [81] | Raurimu | Amalgamated with Taumarunui County [93] | ||
Kawhia County | 1905 | 1956[94] | Kawhia | Merged with Otorohanga District Council | |
Kiwitea County | 1893 [21] | 1989 | 930.2 km2 | Kimbolton | Merged into Manawatu District |
Kowai County | 1912 | 1968 | Balcairn | Amalgamated with Ashley County [82] | |
Lake | 1876 | 1986 | 10000 km2 | Queenstown | Merged with Queenstown Borough to form Queenstown-Lakes District |
Levels | 1894 | 1974 | km2 | Amalgamated with Geraldine County to form Strathallan County | |
MacKenzie County | 1883 [21] | 1989 | 7386.6 km2 | Fairlie | |
Makara County | 1908[92] | 1961 | Formed from the Makara Riding of Hutt County. Remnant amalgamated with Hutt County when Porirua Borough established. | ||
Malvern County | 1912 [21] | 1989 | 4973 km2 | Darfield | |
Manawatu County | 1876 | 1989 | 686.6 km2 | Sanson | Merged into Manawatu District |
Mangonui County | 1876 | 1989 | 2487 km2 | Kaitaia | |
Maniototo County | 1876 | 1989 | 3471 km2 | Ranfurly | Became part of Central Otago District |
Manukau County | 1876 | km2 | |||
Marlborough County | 1876 | 1989 | 10478 km2 | Blenheim | Merged with Blenheim Borough and Picton Borough Marlborough District |
Masterton County | 1900 [21] | 1989 | 2410 km2 | Masterton | Merged with Masterton Borough to form Masterton District |
Matakaoa | fl. 1952 [81] | Te Araroa | |||
Matamata County | fl. 1952 [81] | Tirau | |||
Mauriceville County | km2 | ||||
Mount Herbert | 1902 [21] | 1989 | 171.01 km2 | Lyttelton | Merged into Banks Peninsula District |
Ohinemuri County | 1885 [21] | 1989 | 624.45 km2 | Paeroa | |
Ohura County | fl. 1952 [81] | Ohura | Amalgamated with Taumarunui County [93] | ||
Opotiki County | 1899 [21] | 1989 | 3474.65 km2 | Opotiki | |
Oroua County | 1903 [21] | 1989 | 492.3 km2 | Feilding | Merged into Manawatu District |
Otamatea | 1887 [21] | 1989 | 1090.85 km2 | Paparoa | Merged into Kaipara District [91] |
Oxford | 1912 [21] | 1989 | 823.96 km2 | Oxford | |
Pahiatua County | 1888 [21] | 1989 | 736.3 km2 | Pahiatua | |
Paparua County | 1912 [21] | 1989 | 448.18 km2 | ||
Patangata County | km2 | ||||
Patea County | 1876 | 1989 | 1531 km2 | Patea | Merged into South Taranaki District |
Peninsula County | 1877[50] | 1968[50] | km2 | More or less inactive until reconstituted in 1926. Amalgamated with Dunedin City in 1967.[50] | |
Piako County | 1876 | 1989 | 1171 km2 | Te Aroha | Merged into Matamata-Piako District |
Pohangina County | 1894 [21] | 1989 | 671 km2 | Ashhurst | Merged into Manawatu District and Palmerston North City |
Raglan County | 1876 | 1989 | 2412.3 km2 | Ngāruawāhia | Merged into Waikato District |
Rangiora County | 1912 | 1986 | Rangiora | Amalgamated with Rangiora borough to form Rangiora District.[66] | |
Rangitikei County | 1876 | 1989 | 4490 km2 | Marton | |
Rodney County | 1876 | 1989 | 23.34 km2 | Orewa | Part merged into Kaipara District [91] |
Rotorua County | 1979 | 2615 km2 | Rotorua | Became Rotorua District[77] | |
Selwyn County | 1876 | 1910 | subdivided into ten smaller counties.[95] | ||
Silverpeaks County | 1977[50] | 1989 | 3289 km2 | Dunedin | Formed in 1977 by the merger of Taieri County and Waikouaiti County.[50] |
Sounds County | 1876 | Merged into Marlborough District 1989. A Sounds County Council was never established | |||
Southland County | 1876 | 1989 | 9590 km2 | Invercargill | Amalgamated with three other local authorities in 1989 to form Southland District.[75] |
Springs | 1910 [95] | 1989 | Lincoln | ||
Stewart Island County | 1876 | 1989 | 1750 km2 | Halfmoon Bay | Amalgamated with three other local authorities in 1989 to form Southland District.[75] |
Stratford County | 1890 | 1989 | 2163.56 km2 | Stratford | |
Strathallan County | 1974 | 1989 | 2571.8 km2 | Timaru | |
Taieri County | 1877[50] | 1977[50] | Outram | Amalgamated with Waikouaiti County to form Silverpeaks County.[50] | |
Takaka County | 1956 | Takaka | Amalgamated with Collingwood County to form Golden Bay County.[86] | ||
Taranaki | 1876 | 1989 | 588.17 km2 | New Plymouth | |
Taumarunui County | 1921 [21] | 1989 | 4895 km2 | Taumarunui | |
Taupo County | 1954 [21] | 1989 | 7282 km2 | Taupo | |
Tauranga County | 1876 | 1989 | 1829.3 km2 | Tauranga | |
Tawera County | |||||
Thames | 1876 | 1975 [21] | Thames | Amalgamated with Coromandel County to form Thames/Coromandel District | |
Tuapeka County | 1876 | 1989 | 3586 km2 | Lawrence | |
Uawa County | 1918 [96] | 1964 [97] | Tolaga Bay | Separated from Cook County 10 December 1918.[96] Amalgamated with Cook County 1 April 1964.[97] | |
Vincent | 1876 | 1989 | 7553 km2 | Clyde | Became part of Central Otago District |
Waiapu County | 1890 [21] | 1989 | 2817.9 km2 | Te Puia Springs | |
Waiheke County | 1970 [21] | 1989 | 155.32 km2 | Ostend | |
Waihemo County | 1882 [65] | 1989 | 872.83 km2 | Palmerston | Merged into Waitaki District |
Waikato County | 1876 | 1989 | 1651 km2 | Hamilton | Merged into Waikato District |
Waikohu County | 1908 [21] | 1989 | 2646.96 km2 | Te Karaka | |
Waikouaiti County | 1877[50] | 1977[50] | km2 | Amalgamated with Taieri County to form Silverpeaks County.[50] | |
Waimairi County | 1982 | Redesignated Waimairi District [48] | |||
Waimarino County | 1902 [21] | 1988 | 2249 km2 | Raetihi | Amalgamated with Raetihi Borough and Ohakune Borough to form Waimarino District[98] |
Waimate County | 1876 | 1989 | 3585 km2 | Waimate | |
Waimate West | 1908 [21] | 1989 | 215.05 km2 | Manaia | |
Waimea | 1876 | 1989 | 7547 km2 | Richmond | |
Waipa County | 1876 | 1989 | 1101 km2 | Te Awamutu | |
Waipara County | 1909[99] | 1977 | Waikari | Amalgamated with Ashley County to form Hurunui County.[82] | |
Waipawa County | 1876 | Waipawa [81] | |||
Waipukurau County | Waipukurau [81] | ||||
Wairarapa East County | 1876 | ||||
Wairarapa South County | 1877 [21] | 1989 | 1140 km2 | Carterton | Merged with Carterton Borough toform Carterton District |
Wairarapa West County | 1876 | ||||
Wairewa | 1910 [95] | 1989 | 440.5 km2 | Little River | |
Wairoa County | 1876 | 1989 | 4096.5 km2 | Wairoa | |
Waitaki County | 1876 | 1989 | 6192.7 km2 | Oamaru | Created in 1876 but first Council did not meet until 1877 [33] |
Waitemata | 1876 | ||||
Waitomo County | |||||
Waitotara County | 1884 [21] | 1989 | 1205.5 km2 | Wanganui | |
Wallace | 1876 | 1989 | 17520 km2 | Riverton to 1898, thereafter Otautau [69] | Amalgamated with three other local authorities in 1989 to form Southland District.[75] |
Wanganui County | 1876 | 1989 | 1191 km2 | Wanganui | |
Weber County | km2 | Dannevirke [81] | |||
Wellington County | ? | ? | km2 | ? | See Hutt County or Makara County for counties near Wellington. |
West Taupo County | 1876 | km2 | |||
Westland County | 1876 | 1989 | 11000 km2 | Hokitika | |
Whakatane County | 1876 | km2 | Whakatane [81] | ||
Whangamomona County | km2 | ||||
Whangarei County | 1876 | 1989 | 2681.8 km2 | Kamo | Part merged into Kaipara District [91] |
Whangaroa County | 1876 [21] | 1989 | 621.6 km2 | Kaeo | Merged into Far North District |
Woodville County | 1989 | 404.2 km2 | Woodville | Merged into Tararua District |
Districts
From the 1970s onwards some local authorities created by a voluntary amalgamation of two or more component local authorities were termed Districts. These Districts were of a mixed rural/urban character but are not to be confused with the Districts created by the local government reorganisation of 1989.[21]
![]() |
Council | Established | Disestablished | Area | Notes |
---|---|---|---|---|
Hawera | 1978 [21] | fl. 1986 | ||
Otorohanga | 1979 [21] | 1989[100] | Previously called Otorohanga County[101] | |
Queenstown-Lakes | fl. 1986 [102] | |||
Rangiora | 1978 [21] | fl. 1986 | ||
Rotorua | 1979 [21] | fl. 1986 | ||
Thames-Coromandel | 1975 [21] | fl. 1986 | ||
Waimairi | 1982 [21] | fl. 1986 | ||
Waimarino | 1988 | 1989 | Amalgamation of Raetihi Borough, Ohakune Borough and Waimarino County[98] | |
Waipawa | 1978 [21] | fl. 1986 | ||
Waipukurau | 1977 [21] | fl. 1986 | ||
Waitomo | 1976 [21] | fl. 1986 | ||
Whakatane | 1976 [21] | fl. 1986 |
Town districts
A town district, as created under the Town Boards Act of 1882 [50] was a municipality intermediate in nature between a county town and a borough. In 1952, a dependent town district could be established on the petition of two thirds of the resident householders of any settlement of at least fifty households in an area of not more than two square miles (5.18 km2). To become an independent town district, a town district must have had a population of greater than 500.[81]
![]() |
Council | Established | Disestablished | Area | Notes |
---|---|---|---|---|
Bay | 1905 [16][50] | 1916[50] | Amalgamated with Dunedin City | |
Bulls | fl. 1952 [81] | 2.74 km2 | ||
Cambridge | 1882 [15] | 1886 | Elevated to borough | |
Carterton | 1875 | 1887 | Elevated to borough.[17] | |
Dannevirke | 1885 | 1892 | Elevated to borough.[19] | |
Edendale | fl. 1952 [81] | fl. 1972 [22] | 2.82 km2 | Dependent Town District within Southland County |
Eltham | 1884 | 1901 | Elevated to borough [24] | |
Glen Eden | 1921 [21] | fl. 1952 [81] | 5.12 km2 | |
Gordon | 1890 [29] | Amalgamated with Gore borough | ||
Grey | 1886[50] | 1907[50] | Amalgamated with Taieri County[50] | |
Havelock | fl. 1952 [81] | 0.85 km2 | ||
Henderson | 1922 | 1946 | Elevated to borough [36] | |
Helensville | 1883 | 1947 | Elevated to borough [35] | |
Hikurangi | 1908 | fl. 1986 [21] | 3.88 km2 | Independent Town District within Whangarei County [22] |
Howick | 1922 | 1952 | Elevated to borough [38] | |
Hunterville | fl. 1952 [81] | fl. 1972 [22] | 3.20 km2 | Independent Town District within Rangitikei County |
Huntly | 1908 | 1931 | Elevated to borough [39] | |
Johnsonville | fl. 1952 [81] | 3.41 km2 | ||
Kaikohe | 1927 | 1947 | Elevated to borough [42] | |
Kamo | fl. 1952 [81] | 3.44 km2 | ||
Kaponga | fl. 1952 [81] | fl. 1972 [22] | 2.26 km2 | Dependent Town District within Eltham County |
Kawakawa | fl. 1952 [81] | fl. 1972 [22] | 1.13 km2 | Independent Town District within Bay of Islands County |
Kawhia | fl. 1952 [81] | 1.90 km2 | ||
Kihikihi | fl. 1952 [81] | fl. 1972 [22] | 2.59 km2 | Dependent Town District within Waipa County |
Kohukohu | fl. 1952 [81] | 4.13 km2 | ||
Leamington | 1905 | 1956 | 5.38 km2 [81] | Merged with Cambridge borough.[15] |
Leeston | fl. 1952 [81] | 1.58 km2 | ||
Linwood | 28 October 1882[48] | 1893 | Elevated to borough [48] | |
Lumsden | fl. 1952 [81] | 5.12 km2 | ||
Manaia | 1882 | fl. 1986 [21] | 2.06 km2 | Independent Town District within Waimate West County |
Mangaweka | fl. 1952 [81] | 3.86 km2 | ||
Manunui | fl. 1952 [81] | |||
Martinborough | 1906 | 1928 | Elevated to borough [51] | |
Marton | 1869 | 1879 | Elevated to borough [52] | |
Matamata | 1917 | 1935 | Elevated to borough [54] | |
Mercer | fl. 1952 [81] | 4.05 km2 | ||
Moa | 1885 | 1902 | Elevated to borough and renamed Inglewood [40] | |
Morrinsville | 1908 | 1921 | Elevated to borough [57] | |
Mosgiel | 1882[50] | 1884[50] | Elevated to Borough[50] | |
Mount Maunganui | 1927 | 1945 | Dependent on Tauranga County until 1937. Elevated to Borough 1945.[60] | |
Nightcaps | 1918 [69] | 1967 | 1.15 km2 | |
Normanby | fl. 1952 [81] | 1.05 km2 | ||
Ohaupo | fl. 1952 [81] | fl. 1972 [22] | 5.19 km2 | Dependent Town District within Waipa County |
Ohura | fl. 1952 [81] | fl. 1972 [22] | 3.30 km2 | Independent Town District within Taumarunui County |
Onerahi | fl. 1952 [81] | |||
Opotiki | 1882 | 1911 | Elevated to borough [61] | |
Otautau | fl. 1889 [69] | 1978 | 3.86 km2 | Independent Town District within Wallace County [22] |
Otorohanga | fl. 1952 [81] | 2.27 km2 | ||
Outram | 1882[50] | 1961[50] | 3.59 km2 | Amalgamated with Taieri County |
Patutahi | fl. 1952 [81] | fl. 1972 [22] | Dependent Town District within Cook County | |
Pleasant Point | fl. 1952 [81] | 2.95 km2 | ||
Rawene | fl. 1952 [81] | 1.84 km2 | ||
Russell | fl. 1952 [81] | fl. 1972 [22] | 4.31 km2 | Dependent Town District within Bay of Islands County |
Southbridge | fl. 1952 [81] | 2.15 km2 | ||
Sumner | 1883 | 1891 | Elevated to borough [103] | |
Tahunanui | 1920 [104] | |||
Takaka | fl. 1952 [81] | 2.37 km2 | ||
Taradale | fl. 1952 [81] | 5.94 km2 | ||
Taupo | 1946 [21] | fl. 1952 [81] | 9.27 km2 | |
Tawa Flat | 1951 [21] | fl. 1952 [81] | 2.91 km2 | |
Te Karaka | fl. 1952 [81] | 3.16 km2 | ||
Te Kauwhata | fl. 1952 [81] | 5.22 km2 | ||
Te Puke | 1913 | 1935 | 5.34 km2 | Elevated to borough [61] |
Tinwald | fl. 1952 [81] | 6.17 km2 | ||
Tuakau | 1914 [21] | fl. 1952 [81] | 7.77 km2 | |
Waiuku | 1914 [21] | fl. 1952 [81] | 5.18 km2 | |
Warkworth | fl. 1952 [81] | fl. 1972 [22] | Independent Town District within Rodney County | |
Waverley | 1877 | fl. 1986 [21] | 1.96 km2 | Independent Town District within Patea County |
Woolston | 13 September 1882[48] | 1893 | Elevated to borough [48] | |
Wyndham | 1882 [81] | 1977 [90] | 2.75 km2 | Independent Town District within Southland County |
1989 reform of local government
By 1986, the number of territorial authorities and single-purpose authorities had grown to more than 850. In 1989 there was a major reform of local government in New Zealand. The numerous borough and county councils were amalgamated into larger districts, while the number of cities was reduced.[105]
The lists above should include all local authorities which existed prior to 1989.
Post-1989 local government reform
Regions
13 regional councils were established through the passing of the Local Government Act 1987. Nelson-Marlborough Regional Council was disestablished in 1992, when its functions went to the unitary authorities Nelson, Tasman, and Marlborough.[106]
Auckland Regional Council was subsumed into the Auckland Council on 1 November 2010.[107]
City councils
Many of the city councils resulting from the 1989 reforms continue in operation. Seven territorial authorities (Auckland City Council, Manukau City Council, Waitakere City Council, North Shore City Council, Papakura District Council, Rodney District Council and Franklin District Council) were amalgamated into the Auckland region in 2010.
District councils
Most of the districts resulting from the 1989 reforms continue in operation. Banks Peninsula District is an exception; it was merged into Christchurch City Council in 2006.
Notes
- ^ Scholefield 1950, pp. 177f.
- ^ 1881 census summary Archived 15 January 2009 at the Wayback Machine
- ^ Te Ara: The Encyclopedia of New Zealand 1966: Alexandra
- ^ [New Zealand Gazette] #60, page 717
- ^ McLintock, Alexander Hare, ed. (1966). "Ashburton". An Encyclopaedia of New Zealand. Te Ara: The Encyclopedia of New Zealand. Retrieved 3 December 2019.
- ^ "Borough Council". Ashburton Herald. Vol. I, no. 154. 9 September 1878. p. 2. Retrieved 3 December 2019.
- ^ Te Ara: The Encyclopedia of New Zealand 1966: Auckland
- ^ a b c d e f Watt, J.O.P. Centenary of Invercargill Municipality, 1871–1971. No publisher info. in book, printed by Times Printing Service, Invercargill, c. 1971
- ^ a b c d e f g h i j k l m Auckland City Libraries
- ^ Te Ara: The Encyclopedia of New Zealand 1966: Balclutha
- ^ a b c d Wises Publications Limited Wises New Zealand Guide, 7th edition. Wises Publications Limited, Auckland, 1979
- ^ Te Ara: The Encyclopedia of New Zealand 1966: Blenheim
- ^ a b Te Ara: The Encyclopedia of New Zealand 1966: Bluff
- ^ Coal, Class and Communities
- ^ a b c Te Ara: The Encyclopedia of New Zealand 1966: Cambridge
- ^ a b c d e f g h i j k McDonald, K.C. City of Dunedin: A Century of Civic Enterprise. Dunedin City Corporation, Dunedin, 1965
- ^ a b Te Ara: The Encyclopedia of New Zealand 1966: Carterton
- ^ Te Ara: The Encyclopedia of New Zealand 1966: Cromwell
- ^ a b Te Ara: The Encyclopedia of New Zealand 1966: Dannevirke
- ^ Te Ara: The Encyclopedia of New Zealand 1966: Dargaville
- ^ a b c d e f g h i j k l m n o p q r s t u v w x y z aa ab ac ad ae af ag ah ai aj ak al am an ao ap aq ar as at au av aw ax ay az ba bb bc bd be bf bg bh bi bj bk bl bm bn bo bp bq br bs bt bu bv bw bx by bz ca cb cc cd ce cf cg ch ci cj ck cl cm Fraser, B (editor), The New Zealand Book of Events. Reed Methuen, Auckland, 1986. Note that dates given in this book appear to be the date of the first municipal corporation (city, borough or town district)
- ^ a b c d e f g h i j k l m n o p q r s t u v w Wises Publications Limited Wises New Zealand Guide, 5th edition. Wises Publications Limited, Auckland, 1972
- ^ Eketahuna borough existed in 1966 (Te Ara: The Encyclopedia of New Zealand 1966: Eketahuna) but not by 1986
- ^ a b Encyclopedia of New Zealand 1966: Eltham
- ^ Encyclopedia of New Zealand 1966:Featherston
- ^ Te Ara: The Encyclopedia of New Zealand 1966: Feilding
- ^ Te Ara: The Encyclopedia of New Zealand 1966: Foxton
- ^ Te Ara: The Encyclopedia of New Zealand 1966: Geraldine
- ^ a b Te Ara: The Encyclopedia of New Zealand 1966: Gore
- ^ Te Ara: The Encyclopedia of New Zealand 1966: Greymouth
- ^ Te Ara: The Encyclopedia of New Zealand 1966: Greytown
- ^ McDonald, K.C. White Stone Country. North Otago Centennial Committee, Oamaru, 1962
- ^ a b McKenzie, Dorothy and Budd, Arthur. Waitaki County Council 1877 – 1977. Thos. Bracken & Co. Ltd., Oamaru, 1976
- ^ [1] Archived 24 October 2008 at the Wayback Machine mentions a Town Board in 1938 and a Borough Council in 1955
- ^ a b Te Ara: The Encyclopedia of New Zealand 1966: Helensville
- ^ a b "Waitakere City Council – history of Henderson" (PDF). Archived from the original (PDF) on 3 January 2007. Retrieved 23 November 2008.
- ^ Te Ara: The Encyclopedia of New Zealand 1966: Hokitika
- ^ a b Te Ara: The Encyclopedia of New Zealand 1966: Howick
- ^ a b Te Ara: The Encyclopedia of New Zealand 1966: Huntly
- ^ a b Te Ara: The Encyclopedia of New Zealand 1966: Inglewood
- ^ Te Ara: The Encyclopedia of New Zealand 1966: Kaiapoi
- ^ a b Te Ara: The Encyclopedia of New Zealand 1966: Kaikohe
- ^ Te Ara: The Encyclopedia of New Zealand 1966: Kaitaia
- ^ Te Ara: The Encyclopedia of New Zealand 1966: Kaitangata
- ^ Te Ara: The Encyclopedia of New Zealand 1966: Kawerau
- ^ Te Ara: The Encyclopedia of New Zealand 1966: Lawrence
- ^ Te Ara: The Encyclopedia of New Zealand 1966: Levin
- ^ a b c d e f g h i j k l m n o Christchurch: A Chronology (enter year to search)
- ^ Cyclopedia Company Limited (1903). "Lyttelton". The Cyclopedia of New Zealand : Canterbury Provincial District. Christchurch: The Cyclopedia of New Zealand. p. 397. Retrieved 6 November 2019.
- ^ a b c d e f g h i j k l m n o p q r s t u v w x y z aa ab ac ad ae af "Guide to Family History Sources at DCC Archives" (PDF). Dunedin City Council. 2011. Retrieved 2 May 2015.
- ^ a b Te Ara: The Encyclopedia of New Zealand 1966: Martinborough
- ^ a b Te Ara: The Encyclopedia of New Zealand 1966: Marton
- ^ Te Ara: The Encyclopedia of New Zealand 1966: Masterton
- ^ a b Te Ara: The Encyclopedia of New Zealand 1966: Matamata
- ^ Te Ara: The Encyclopedia of New Zealand 1966: Mataura
- ^ Te Ara: The Encyclopedia of New Zealand 1966: Milton
- ^ a b Te Ara: The Encyclopedia of New Zealand 1966: Morrinsville
- ^ Te Ara: The Encyclopedia of New Zealand 1966: Motueka
- ^ Eden Park neighbourhood Association
- ^ a b "Tauranga Public Library". Archived from the original on 14 October 2008. Retrieved 26 November 2008.
- ^ a b c d e f g Te Ara: The Encyclopedia of New Zealand: Bay of Plenty
- ^ East Christchurch
- ^ Te Ara: The Encyclopedia of New Zealand 1966:Oamaru
- ^ Te Ara: The Encyclopedia of New Zealand 1966: Ohakune
- ^ a b North Otago Museum
- ^ a b "History of the Rangiora County" (PDF). Archived from the original (PDF) on 14 October 2008. Retrieved 30 November 2008.
- ^ Cyclopedia Company Limited (1905). "The Riverton Borough Council". The Cyclopedia of New Zealand : Otago & Southland Provincial Districts. Christchurch: The Cyclopedia of New Zealand. Retrieved 19 September 2015.
- ^ "Riverton". Otago Witness. No. 1024. 15 July 1871. p. 11. Retrieved 8 November 2015.
- ^ a b c d Bye, K. Wallace – Rebel County. Southland District Council, Invercargill, 2000
- ^ "University of Canterbury Library – Archives collection". Archived from the original on 24 July 2011. Retrieved 26 November 2008.
- ^ Morrison 1948, p. 79.
- ^ a b c Te Ara – south Christchurch
- ^ Morrison 1948, p. 65.
- ^ "History of our city: Local Government in Upper Hutt". Upper Hutt City Council. Archived from the original on 9 March 2012. Retrieved 12 January 2011.
- ^ a b c d Veltkamp Smith, Pat (29 June 2011). "Life of community works". The Southland Times. Retrieved 25 April 2015.
- ^ McKinnon, Malcolm (25 May 2015). "Volcanic Plateau places – Rotorua city". Te Ara: The Encyclopedia of New Zealand. Retrieved 13 May 2020.
- ^ a b "John Keaney, CBE QSO". Rotorua District Library. Retrieved 13 May 2020.
- ^ Chch City libraries – chronology
- ^ Unless otherwise noted, area is per 1986 boundaries
- ^ Encyclopedia of New Zealand 1966
- ^ a b c d e f g h i j k l m n o p q r s t u v w x y z aa ab ac ad ae af ag ah ai aj ak al am an ao ap aq ar as at au av aw ax ay White, L. (compiler), Whites Pictorial Reference of New Zealand. Whites Aviation Limited, Auckland, 1952
- ^ a b c d The History of the Ashley County Council. Note: Council formed 1912. Kowai County merged in 1968.
- ^ "Waitomo District profile". Archived from the original on 11 January 2005. Retrieved 30 November 2008.
- ^ Encyclopedia of NZ, 1966 Note that the first council was not elected until 1925.
- ^ Wright, Shona A Centennial History of Clifton County (1885–1985), Clifton County Council
- ^ a b c National Register of Archives and Manuscripts Archived 16 October 2008 at the Wayback Machine
- ^ Cyclopedia of New Zealand, digitised at NZETC
- ^ a b c Christchurch City Libraries – Chronology, 1910
- ^ "History of the Eyre County Council" (PDF). Archived from the original (PDF) on 14 October 2008. Retrieved 30 November 2008.
- ^ a b Boyle, V. King of Counties II. Southland District Council, Invercargill, 2000
- ^ a b c d "Kaipara District Council". Archived from the original on 14 October 2008. Retrieved 2 December 2008.
- ^ a b Maclean, Chris (1 August 2015). "Wellington region - Government: The break-up of Hutt County". Te Ara – the Encyclopedia of New Zealand. Retrieved 21 July 2019.
- ^ a b Encyclopedia of New Zealand, 1966: Western Uplands
- ^ Kawhia History
- ^ a b c Christchurch chronology 1910
- ^ a b Mackay, Joseph Angus (1949). "Chapter XXXIX — Local Government: Uawa County". Historic Poverty Bay and the East Coast, N.I., N.Z. Gisborne, New Zealand: Joseph Angus Mackay. p. 404. Retrieved 28 May 2012 – via New Zealand Electronic Text Collection.
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suggested) (help) - ^ a b Williams, Lynette (26 February 2009). "Tolaga Bay Wharf". Rarangi Taonga: the Register of Historic Places, Historic Areas, Wahi Tapu and Wahi Tapu Areas. Wellington, New Zealand: New Zealand Historic Places Trust Pouhere Taonga. Historical Narrative: Opening of the wharf. Retrieved 28 May 2012.
- ^ a b "Waimarino District Council". Archives Central. 23 April 2014. Retrieved 21 July 2019.
- ^ "Council archives". Hurunui District Council. Retrieved 29 April 2020.
- ^ "Proposal for Ōtorohanga District". New Zealand Geographic Board. 27 September 2018. Retrieved 21 July 2019.
- ^ "About us". Otorohanga District Council. Retrieved 21 July 2019.
- ^ Department of Survey and Land Information cadastral map NZMS 261 sheet E43, 1986 edition
- ^ Christchurch chronology 1883
- ^ http://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/cgi-bin/paperspast?a=d&d=OSWCC19201109.2.6&l=mi&e=-------10--1----0-all
- ^ Derby, Mark (13 July 2012). "Local and regional government – Reforming local government". Te Ara: The Encyclopedia of New Zealand. Retrieved 22 August 2015.
- ^ "Local government reform 1987–1989". Ministry for the Environment. Archived from the original on 30 June 2009. Retrieved 16 October 2013.
- ^ Lee, Mike (July 2010). "From the Chairman". Region Wide. Auckland Regional Council. p. 1.
References
- Lambert, M.; Palenski, R. (1986). 4th Air New Zealand Almanac. Moa Almanac Press. ISBN 0-908570-91-0.
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(help) - Morrison, J. P. (1948). The Evolution of a City: The Story of the Growth of the City and Suburbs of Christchurch, the Capital of Canterbury, in the Years from 1850 to 1903. Christchurch: Christchurch City Council.
{{cite book}}
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(help) - Scholefield, Guy (1950) [First published in 1913]. New Zealand Parliamentary Record, 1840–1949 (3rd ed.). Wellington: Govt. Printer.
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