Presidential memorials in the United States
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The presidential memorials in the United States honor the various Presidents of the United States and seek to perpetuate their legacies.
Living and physical elements
A presidential memorial may have a physical element which consists of a monument or a statue within a monument. Its entire presence consists of a physical structure that is a permanent remembrance of the president it represents. Most well known presidential memorials such as the Washington, Lincoln and Jefferson memorials have a physical element.
There are also official presidential memorials that have a living element with only a minor physical presence. An example of a presidential living memorial is the Woodrow Wilson International Center for Scholars. Located in a wing of the Ronald Reagan Building in Washington, D.C., the Wilson Center has a small exhibit concerning President Wilson's life and work, but it is best known for its work to unite the world of ideas with the world of policy by supporting scholarship linked to issues of contemporary importance. In this way the living memorial perpetuates President Wilson's legacy of scholarship linked closely to international relations.
Similarly, the Harry S. Truman Scholarship honors U.S. college students dedicated to public service and policy leadership, and thus may be considered a memorial with solely a living element. The Truman Scholarship is the sole federal memorial allowed to honor President Truman.[1]
This can also be accomplished through the establishment of a policy institute, like the Eisenhower Institute whose mandate is to advance Eisenhower's intellectual and leadership legacies through research, public education, and public policy recommendations.[2]
The James Madison Memorial Building, the third and newest building of the Library of Congress, is an example of a memorial with both living and physical elements. The building houses a memorial hall to President James Madison, but is also dedicated in memory of his 1783 proposal that the Continental Congress form an official library.
The John F. Kennedy Center for the Performing Arts also has both a physical element, a striking building in Washington, DC, and a living element, an ongoing series of live theatrical performances, presented in the name of a fallen president.
Existing presidential memorials
Multiple statues of other physical memorials to some presidents exist, larger installations include:
- Washington Monument
- Washington Monument (Baltimore)
- Washington Monument (Washington County)
- George Washington Masonic National Memorial
- George Washington's Mount Vernon
- Adams National Historical Park
- Jefferson Memorial
- Thomas Jefferson's Monticello
- James Madison's Montpelier
- James Madison Memorial Building
- Andrew Jackson Statue, Lafayette Square, Washington, D.C.
- Andrew Jackson Memorial at the Museum of the Waxhaws, Waxhaw, NC
- Andrew Jackson's The Hermitage
- Martin Van Buren National Historic Site
- James K. Polk Home
- Franklin Pierce Homestead
- James Buchanan Memorial in Meridian Hill Park, Washington, DC
- President James Buchanan's Wheatland
- Lincoln Memorial
- Lincoln Highway
- Abraham Lincoln Birthplace National Historical Park
- Lincoln Boyhood National Memorial
- Lincoln's New Salem State Historic Site
- Lincoln Home National Historic Site
- Ford's Theatre National Historic Site
- Lincoln Tomb and War Memorials State Historic Site
- Abraham Lincoln Presidential Library and Museum
- Ulysses S. Grant Memorial
- General Grant National Memorial
- James A. Garfield Memorial
- James A. Garfield Monument
- James A. Garfield National Historic Site
- Benjamin Harrison memorial statue
- Benjamin Harrison Presidential Site
- McKinley National Memorial
- National McKinley Birthplace Memorial
- Theodore Roosevelt Birthplace National Historic Site
- Sagamore Hill National Historic Site
- Theodore Roosevelt Island
- Woodrow Wilson International Center for Scholars
- Warren G. Harding Memorial (Marion Cemetery)
- Hoover Tower
- Herbert Hoover Presidential Library and Museum
- Home of Franklin D. Roosevelt National Historic Site
- Franklin D. Roosevelt Presidential Library and Museum
- Franklin Delano Roosevelt Memorial
- Franklin D. Roosevelt Four Freedoms Park, New York City's Roosevelt Island
- Harry S. Truman National Historic Site
- Harry S. Truman Presidential Library and Museum
- Truman Scholarship
- Eisenhower National Historic Site
- Dwight D. Eisenhower Presidential Library, Museum and Boyhood Home
- John F. Kennedy National Historic Site
- John F. Kennedy Center for the Performing Arts
- John F. Kennedy Eternal Flame
- John F. Kennedy Memorial (Dallas)
- John F. Kennedy Presidential Library and Museum
- Lyndon B. Johnson National Historical Park
- Lyndon B. Johnson State Park and Historic Site
- Lyndon Baines Johnson Memorial Grove on the Potomac
- Lyndon B. Johnson Presidential Library and Museum
- Richard Nixon Presidential Library and Museum
- Gerald R. Ford Presidential Library
- Gerald R. Ford Presidential Museum
- Jimmy Carter National Historic Site
- Jimmy Carter Presidential Library and Museum
- Ronald Reagan Building and International Trade Center, Washington, DC
- Ronald Reagan Presidential Library and Museum
- George H. W. Bush Memorial in Houston, Texas's Sesquicentennial Park
- George Bush Center for Intelligence, Central Intelligence Agency, Langley, VA
- George Bush Presidential Library and Museum
- President William Jefferson Clinton Birthplace Home National Historic Site
- William J. Clinton Presidential Center and Park
- George W. Bush Presidential Center
- Mount Rushmore National Memorial
Planned presidential memorials
- The Dwight D. Eisenhower Memorial has been constructed in Washington, DC and will open to the public on September 17, 2020
- The Adams Memorial is currently being planned for Washington, DC
See also
- Memorial
- Monument
- National Historic Landmark
- National Memorial
- List of National Memorials
- National Register of Historic Places
- Presidential library
- United States Memorials
- War memorial
References
- ^ "20 U.S. Code § 2003 - Other Federal memorials prohibited". LII / Legal Information Institute. Retrieved May 7, 2016.
- ^ Eisenhower Memorial Archived November 28, 2005, at the Wayback Machine