List of heads of state of Panama

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President of the Republic of Panama
Presidente de la República de Panamá
Presidential Standard
Coat of Arms of Panama
Incumbent
Laurentino Cortizo
since 1 July 2019
ResidencePalacio de las Garzas, Panama City
Term lengthFive years
not eligible for re-election immediately
Inaugural holderManuel Amador Guerrero
Formation20 February 1904
DeputyVice President of Panama
Salary7,000 USD per month[1]
WebsitePresidencia de la República
Politics of Panama
Constitution
Executive
Legislature
Administrative divisions
Elections
Foreign relations

This article lists the heads of state of Panama since the short-lived first independence from the Republic of New Granada in 1840 and the final separation from Colombia in 1903.

Free State of the Isthmus (1840–1841)

  • Superior Civil Chief: 18 November 1840 – 20 March 1841 General Juan Lopez
  • Superior Chief of State: 20 March 1841 – 8 June 1841 Tomás de Herrera
  • President: 8 June 1841 – 31 December 1841 Tomás de Herrera

Republic of Panama (1903–present)

President of the Municipal Council of Panama and de facto President (1903)

Name
(Birth–Death) 		Portrait Term of Office
Demetrio H. Brid
(1859–1917) 		3 November 1903 4 November 1903

Members of the Provisional Government Junta (1903–1904)

Name
(Birth–Death) 		Portrait Term of Office
José Agustín Arango
(1841–1909) 		4 November 1903 20 February 1904
Tomás Arias
(1856–1932)
Federico Boyd
(1851–1924)
Manuel Espinosa Batista
(1857–1919) 		9 November 1903 7 December 1903

Presidents of Panama (1904–present)

No. President
(Birth–Death) 		Term of Office Political Affiliation Election Notes
style="background:Template:Conservative Party (Panama)/meta/color; color:white;"| 1 Manuel Amador Guerrero
(1833–1909) 		20 February 1904 23 June 1907[2] Conservative Party 1904
style="background:Template:National Liberal Party (Panama)/meta/color; color:white;"| 2 José Domingo de Obaldía
(1845–1910) 		24 June 1907[2] 27 December 1907[2] National Liberal Party —
style="background:Template:Conservative Party (Panama)/meta/color; color:white;"| (1) Manuel Amador Guerrero
(1833–1909) 		29 December 1907[2] 1 October 1908 Conservative Party —
style="background:Template:National Liberal Party (Panama)/meta/color; color:white;"| (2) José Domingo de Obaldía
(1845–1910) 		1 October 1908 1 March 1910 National Liberal Party 1908 Died in office.
style="background:Template:National Liberal Party (Panama)/meta/color; color:white;"| — Carlos Antonio Mendoza
(1856–1916) 		1 March 1910 1 October 1910 National Liberal Party — Acting President.
style="background:Template:National Liberal Party (Panama)/meta/color; color:white;"| — Federico Boyd
(1851–1924) 		1 October 1910 5 October 1910 National Liberal Party — Acting President.
style="background:Template:National Liberal Party (Panama)/meta/color; color:white;"| — Pablo Arosemena
(1836–1920) 		5 October 1910 1 October 1912 National Liberal Party — Acting President.
style="background:Template:National Liberal Party (Panama)/meta/color; color:white;"| 3 Belisario Porras Barahona
(1856–1942) 		1 October 1912 1 October 1916 National Liberal Party 1912 First tenure.
style="background:Template:National Liberal Party (Panama)/meta/color; color:white;"| 4 Ramón Maximiliano Valdés
(1867–1918) 		1 October 1916 3 June 1918 National Liberal Party 1916 Died in office.
style="background:Template:National Liberal Party (Panama)/meta/color; color:white;"| — Ciro Luis Urriola
(1863–1922) 		3 June 1918 1 October 1918 National Liberal Party — Acting President.
style="background:Template:Conservative Party (Panama)/meta/color; color:white;"| — Pedro Antonio Díaz
(1852–1919) 		1 October 1918 12 October 1918 Conservative Party — Acting President.
style="background:Template:National Liberal Party (Panama)/meta/color; color:white;"| (3) Belisario Porras Barahona
(1856–1942) 		12 October 1918 30 January 1920 National Liberal Party 1918 Second tenure.
style="background:Template:National Liberal Party (Panama)/meta/color; color:white;"| — Ernesto Tisdel Lefevre
(1876–1922) 		30 January 1920 1 October 1920 National Liberal Party — Acting President.
style="background:Template:National Liberal Party (Panama)/meta/color; color:white;"| (3) Belisario Porras Barahona
(1856–1942) 		1 October 1920 1 October 1924 National Liberal Party 1920 Third tenure.
style="background:Template:National Liberal Party (Panama)/meta/color; color:white;"| 5 Rodolfo Chiari
(1869–1937) 		1 October 1924 1 October 1928 National Liberal Party 1924
style="background:Template:National Liberal Party (Panama)/meta/color; color:white;"| 6 Florencio Harmodio Arosemena
(1872–1945) 		1 October 1928 3 January 1931 National Liberal Party 1928 Deposed in a coup d'état.
style="background:Template:Independent (politician)/meta/color; color:black;"| — Harmodio Arias Madrid
(1886–1963) 		3 January 1931 16 January 1931 Independent — Acting President.
style="background:Template:National Liberal Party (Panama)/meta/color; color:white;"| 7 Ricardo Joaquín Alfaro Jované
(1882–1971) 		16 January 1931 5 June 1932 National Liberal Party —
style="background:Template:Panameñista Party/meta/color; color:white;"| 8 Harmodio Arias Madrid
(1886–1963) 		5 June 1932 1 October 1936 National Revolutionary Party 1932
style="background:Template:National Liberal Party (Panama)/meta/color; color:white;"| 9 Juan Demóstenes Arosemena
(1879–1939) 		1 October 1936 16 December 1939 National Liberal Party 1936 Died in office.
style="background:Template:Panameñista Party/meta/color; color:white;"| — Ezequiel Fernández
(1886–1946) 		16 December 1939 18 December 1939 National Revolutionary Party — Acting President.
style="background:Template:Panameñista Party/meta/color; color:white;"| — Augusto Samuel Boyd
(1879–1957) 		18 December 1939 1 October 1940 National Revolutionary Party — Acting President.
style="background:Template:Panameñista Party/meta/color; color:white;"| 10 Arnulfo Arias
(1901–1988) 		1 October 1940 9 October 1941 National Revolutionary Party 1940 First tenure.
Deposed in a coup d'état.
style="background:Template:Independent (politician)/meta/color; color:black;"| 11 Ricardo Adolfo de la Guardia Arango
(1899–1969) 		9 October 1941 15 June 1945 Independent —
style="background:Template:National Liberal Party (Panama)/meta/color; color:white;"| — Enrique Adolfo Jiménez
(1888–1970) 		15 June 1945 7 August 1948 National Liberal Party 1945 Provisional President.
style="background:Template:National Liberal Party (Panama)/meta/color; color:white;"| 12 Domingo Díaz Arosemena
(1875–1949) 		7 August 1948 28 July 1949 National Liberal Party 1948 Resigned after a heart attack, and died less than a month later.
style="background:Template:National Liberal Party (Panama)/meta/color; color:white;"| 13 Daniel Chanis Pinzón
(1892–1961) 		28 July 1949 20 November 1949 National Liberal Party —
style="background:Template:National Liberal Party (Panama)/meta/color; color:white;"| 14 Roberto Francisco Chiari Remón
(1905–1981) 		20 November 1949 24 November 1949 National Liberal Party — First tenure.
style="background:Template:Panameñista Party/meta/color; color:white;"| (10) Arnulfo Arias
(1901–1988) 		24 November 1949 9 May 1951 Panameñista Party — Second tenure.
style="background:Template:Authentic Revolutionary Party (Panama)/meta/color; color:white;"| 15 Alcibíades Arosemena
(1883–1958) 		9 May 1951 1 October 1952 Authentic Revolutionary Party —
style="background:Template:National Patriotic Coalition/meta/color; color:white;"| 16 José Antonio Remón Cantera
(1908–1955) 		1 October 1952 2 January 1955 National Patriotic Coalition 1952 Assassinated.
style="background:Template:National Patriotic Coalition/meta/color; color:white;"| 17 José Ramón Guizado
(1899–1964) 		2 January 1955 29 March 1955 National Patriotic Coalition —
style="background:Template:National Patriotic Coalition/meta/color; color:white;"| 18 Ricardo Arias
(1912–1993) 		29 March 1955 1 October 1956 National Patriotic Coalition —
style="background:Template:National Patriotic Coalition/meta/color; color:white;"| 19 Ernesto de la Guardia
(1904–1983) 		1 October 1956 1 October 1960 National Patriotic Coalition 1956
style="background:Template:National Liberal Party (Panama)/meta/color; color:white;"| (14) Roberto Francisco Chiari Remón
(1905–1981) 		1 October 1960 1 October 1964 National Liberal Party 1960 Second tenure.
style="background:Template:National Liberal Party (Panama)/meta/color; color:white;"| 20 Marco Aurelio Robles
(1908–1990) 		1 October 1964 1 October 1968 National Liberal Party 1964
style="background:Template:Panameñista Party/meta/color; color:white;"| (10) Arnulfo Arias
(1901–1988) 		1 October 1968 11 October 1968 Panameñista Party 1968 Third tenure.
Deposed in a coup d'état.
style="background:Template:Military Rule/meta/color; color:black;"| — José María Pinilla Fábrega
(1919–1979) 		12 October 1968 18 December 1969 National Guard — Chairman of the Provisional Junta.
style="background:Template:Military Rule/meta/color; color:black;"| 21 Colonel
Bolívar Urrutia Parrilla
(1918–2005) 		President.
style="background:Template:Independent (politician)/meta/color; color:black;"| 22 Demetrio B. Lakas
(1925–1999) 		19 December 1969 11 October 1978 Independent 1972 Chairman of the Provisional Junta to 11 October 1972.
style="background:Template:Democratic Revolutionary Party/meta/color; color:white;"| 23 Aristides Royo
(born 1940) 		11 October 1978 31 July 1982 Democratic Revolutionary Party 1978
style="background:Template:Democratic Revolutionary Party/meta/color; color:white;"| 24 Ricardo de la Espriella
(born 1934) 		31 July 1982 13 February 1984 Democratic Revolutionary Party —
style="background:Template:Independent (politician)/meta/color; color:black;"| 25 Jorge Illueca
(1918–2012) 		13 February 1984 11 October 1984 Independent —
style="background:Template:Democratic Revolutionary Party/meta/color; color:white;"| 26 Nicolás Ardito Barletta Vallarino
(born 1938) 		11 October 1984 28 September 1985 Democratic Revolutionary Party 1984
style="background:Template:Republican Party (Panama)/meta/color; color:white;"| — Eric Arturo Delvalle
(1937–2015) 		28 September 1985 26 February 1988 Republican Party — Acting President.
style="background:Template:Democratic Revolutionary Party/meta/color; color:white;"| — Manuel Solís Palma
(1917–2009) 		26 February 1988 1 September 1989 Democratic Revolutionary Party — Acting President.
style="background:Template:Democratic Revolutionary Party/meta/color; color:white;"| — Francisco Rodríguez
(born 1938) 		1 September 1989 20 December 1989 Democratic Revolutionary Party — Provisional President.
Deposed in the US invasion.
style="background:Template:Panameñista Party/meta/color; color:white;"| 27 Guillermo Endara
(1936–2009) 		20 December 1989 1 September 1994 Panameñista Party 1989
style="background:Template:Democratic Revolutionary Party/meta/color; color:white;"| 28 Ernesto Pérez Balladares
(born 1946) 		1 September 1994 1 September 1999 Democratic Revolutionary Party 1994
style="background:Template:Panameñista Party/meta/color; color:white;"| 29 Mireya Moscoso
(born 1946) 		1 September 1999 1 September 2004 Panameñista Party 1999 Widow of Arnulfo Arias.
style="background:Template:Democratic Revolutionary Party/meta/color; color:white;"| 30 Martín Torrijos
(born 1963) 		1 September 2004 1 July 2009 Democratic Revolutionary Party 2004 Son of Omar Torrijos.
style="background:Template:Democratic Change (Panama)/meta/color; color:white;"| 31 Ricardo Martinelli
(born 1951) 		1 July 2009 1 July 2014 Democratic Change 2009
style="background:Template:Panameñista Party/meta/color; color:white;"| 32 Juan Carlos Varela
(born 1963) 		1 July 2014 1 July 2019 Panameñista Party 2014
style="background:Template:Democratic Revolutionary Party/meta/color; color:white;"| 33 Nito Cortizo
(born 1953) 		1 July 2019 Incumbent Democratic Revolutionary Party 2019

Military (de facto) leaders of Panama (1968–1989)

Panama was from 1968–1989 de facto controlled by a military junta which appointed the nominal president, who himself had little power, while the junta and its leaders, while not official heads of state, exerted actual control over the country.

Name
(Birth–Death) 		Term of Office Military Affiliation Notes
style="background:Template:Military Rule/meta/color; color:black;"| Brigadier-General
Omar Torrijos
(1929–1981) 		11 October 1968 31 July 1981 National Guard Styled as Maximum Leader of the Panamanian Revolution from 11 October 1968.
Killed in an air crash.
style="background:Template:Military Rule/meta/color; color:black;"| Colonel
Rubén Darío Paredes
(1934–) 		3 March 1982 12 August 1983 National Guard
rowspan=2 style="background:Template:Military Rule/meta/color; color:black;"| General
Manuel Noriega
(1934–2017) 		12 August 1983 20 December 1989 National Guard
(until 29 September 1983.) 		Styled as Maximum Leader of the National Liberation from 15 December 1989.
Deposed in the US invasion.
Panama Defense Forces

Living former presidents

There are nine living former presidents. The most recent former president to die was Eric Arturo Delvalle (1985–1988), on 2 October 2015.

Timeline

Laurentino CortizoJuan Carlos VarelaRicardo MartinelliMartín TorrijosMireya MoscosoErnesto Pérez BalladaresGuillermo EndaraFrancisco RodríguezManuel Solís PalmaEric Arturo DelvalleNicolás Ardito Barletta VallarinoJorge IlluecaRicardo de la EspriellaAristides RoyoDemetrio B. LakasBolívar Urrutia ParrillaJosé María Pinilla FábregaManuel NoriegaRubén Darío ParedesFlorencio Flores AguilarOmar TorrijosMarco Aurelio RoblesErnesto de la GuardiaRicardo Arias (politician)José Ramón GuizadoJosé Antonio Remón CanteraAlcibíades ArosemenaRoberto Francisco Chiari RemónDaniel Chanis PinzónDomingo Díaz ArosemenaEnrique Adolfo JiménezRicardo Adolfo de la Guardia ArangoArnulfo AriasAugusto Samuel BoydEzequiel FernándezJuan Demóstenes ArosemenaRicardo Joaquín Alfaro JovanéHarmodio Arias MadridFlorencio Harmodio ArosemenaRodolfo ChiariErnesto Tisdel LefevrePedro Antonio DíazCiro Luis UrriolaRamón Maximiliano ValdésBelisario Porras BarahonaPablo ArosemenaFederico BoydCarlos Antonio MendozaJosé Domingo de ObaldíaManuel Amador Guerrero

Latest election

Main article: 2019 Panamanian general election
Candidate Party Votes %
bgcolor=Template:Democratic Revolutionary Party/meta/color| Laurentino Cortizo Democratic Revolutionary Party 655,428 33.35
bgcolor=Template:Democratic Change (Panama)/meta/color| Rómulo Roux Democratic Change 609,223 31.00
bgcolor=Template:Independent politician/meta/color| Ricardo Lombana Independent 369,303 18.79
bgcolor=Template:Panameñista Party/meta/color| José Blandón Panameñista Party 212,812 10.83
bgcolor=Template:Independent politician/meta/color| Ana Matilde Gómez Independent 93,608 4.76
Saúl Méndez Broad Front for Democracy 13,582 0.69
bgcolor=Template:Independent politician/meta/color| Marco Ameglio Independent 11,321 0.58
Invalid/blank votes 48,782 –
Total 2,014,059 100
Registered voters/turnout 2,757,823 73.03
Source: Election Tribunal

See also

References

  1. ^ "Shocking Gap Between Latin America's Presidential Salaries And Workers Minimum Wage". Latin Post. 22 June 2017.
  2. ^ a b c d ".:: SomosPanama.com ::". 2 April 2016. Archived from the original on 2 April 2016. Retrieved 7 April 2018.
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