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Aroue-Ithorots-Olhaïby

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Aroue-Ithorots-Olhaïby
The Town Hall at Aroue
The Town Hall at Aroue
Location of Aroue-Ithorots-Olhaïby
Map
CountryFrance
RegionNouvelle-Aquitaine
DepartmentPyrénées-Atlantiques
ArrondissementBayonne
CantonSaint-Palais
IntercommunalityAmikuze
Government
 • Mayor (2014–2020) Jean-Pierre Barneix
Area
1
17.85 km2 (6.89 sq mi)
Population
 (2009)
245
 • Density14/km2 (36/sq mi)
Time zoneUTC+01:00 (CET)
 • Summer (DST)UTC+02:00 (CEST)
INSEE/Postal code
64049 /64120
Elevation89–231 m (292–758 ft)
(avg. 114 m or 374 ft)
1 French Land Register data, which excludes lakes, ponds, glaciers > 1 km2 (0.386 sq mi or 247 acres) and river estuaries.

Aroue-Ithorots-Olhaïby (Template:Lang-eu) is a French commune in the Pyrénées-Atlantiques department in the Nouvelle-Aquitaine region of south-western France.

The inhabitants of the commune are known as Arouetarrak.[1]

Geography

The Church of Saint-Étienne of Aroue in the morning sun.
The Church Tower.
Hilarri in the cemetery in Aroue.
Hilarri in the cemetery in Aroue.
View of the hamlet of Ithorots, the church, and the fronton with a glimpse of the chateau in the background.
The church at Ithorots.
The Chapel at Olhaïbe.

Aroue-Ithorots-Olhaïby is located in the former Basque province of Soule some 10 km east of Saint-Palais and 10 km south of Sauveterre-de-Béarn. Access to the commune is by the D11 road from Domezain-Berraute in the west passing through the west fork of the commune then Etcharry then the east fork and the village before continuing south-east to Charritte-de-Bas. The commune is mixed forest and farmland.[2]

Located in the Drainage basin of the Adour, the commune is traversed from south to north by the Lafoure (a tributary of the Saison) with its tributary the Hourquet and the Lauhirasse with its tributary the Thiancoenia erreka.[2]

Places and Hamlets[3]

  • Abbadie (château)
  • Aïntcia
  • Aitzaguer
  • Aroue
  • Bagardoy
  • Bartulague[4]
  • Begorre
  • Beheria
  • Benoscar (Forest)
  • Bentaberria
  • Berhon
  • Berrogain
  • Bethe
  • Bidauria
  • Bohoteguia
  • Bouhaben
  • Carriquiry
  • Ertorraenia
  • Etchebarnia
  • Etcheberria
  • Etchecoin
  • Etchelecu
  • Etchemborde
  • Eyherabide
  • Garay
  • Guestereguia
  • Hagoua
  • Harguina
  • Harguinaborda
  • Ithorots
  • Jaureguiberria
  • Joantho (château)
  • Landaco
  • Landuchia
  • Larraburuzahar
  • Larrartia
  • Lassartia
  • Linchinbiague
  • Mendiburia
  • Mendicoi
  • Mendionde
  • Metcha (Mill)
  • Olhaïby
  • Olhassaria[4]
  • Oxaïby
  • Oxart
  • Oxidoya
  • Oyhamburia
  • Oyhenart-Chipi
  • Oyhençabal
  • Pagueguy
  • Poulit
  • Quillilauquy
  • Salla
  • Sallagaray
  • Saubidet

Neighbouring communes and villages[2]

Toponymy

The commune name in basque is Arüe-Ithorrotze-Olhaibi.[5]

Jean-Baptiste Orpustan indicated that Ithorots possibly signified "source of cold water" and Olhaïby "the ford of the huts".[6]

The following table details the origins of the commune name and other names in the commune.

Name Spelling Date Source Page Origin Description
Aroue Aroe 1337 Orpustan
228
 Village
Aroa 1385 Raymond
11
 Duchesne
Aroe 1460 Raymond
11
 Ohix
Sent Stephen d'Aroe 1469 Raymond
11
 Ohix
Degaierie de Aroa 1520 Orpustan
228
Aroue 1690 Orpustan
228
Aroüe 1750 Cassini
Ithorots Ithorrodz 1337 Orpustan
233
 Village
Uthorrotz 1469 Orpustan
233
Itorrotz 1469 Raymond
84
 Ohix
Utorrotz 1478 Raymond
84
 Ohix
Utorrotz 1480 Raymond
84
 Ohix
Ytorrotz 1482 Raymond
84
 Ohix
Y Ptorrotz 1690 Orpustan
233
Iptorrotz 1690 Orpustan
233
Ithorrotz 1750 Cassini
Ittorrolz 1801 EHESS (1) Bulletin des Lois
Olhaïbi Olhaivi 1308 Orpustan
233
 Village
Olhabie 1375 Raymond
124
 Luntz
Olƒabie 1376 Raymond
124
 Military
Olhaibie 1385 Raymond
124
 Duchesne
Olhabia 1407 Raymond
124
 Duchesne
Olhayvi 1496 Raymond
124
 Ohix
Olharby 1563 Raymond
124
 Languedoc
Olhayby 1690 Orpustan
233
Olhaybié 1690 Orpustan
233
Olhaybi 1750 Cassini
Olhaiby 1793 EHESS (2)
Abbadie L'Abbadie 1863 Raymond
1
 Lay Abbey of Ithorots, vassal of the Viscounts of Soule
Bartulague Batrulague 1477 Raymond
22
 Ohix Farm of Ithorots-Olhaïby
Barthulague 1863 Raymond
22
Béloscar Belhoscar 1496 Raymond
27
 Ohix Farm in Aroue
Lafaure La Phaura 1538 Raymond
135
 Reformation Stream which rises in Aroue, crosses Etcharry and joins the Saison at Espiute
La Phaure 1863 Raymond
135
Olhassaria Olhassari 17th century Raymond
124
 Arthez-Lasalle Fief under the Viscounts of Soule
Olhassarry 1863 Raymond
124

Sources:

Origins:

  • Duchesne: Duchesne collection volume CXIV[8]
  • 'Ohix: Contracts retained by Ohix, Notary of Soule[9]
  • Luntz:[10]
  • Military: Military Inspection of Béarn[11]
  • Languedoc: Confessions of Languedoc[12])
  • Reformation: Reformation of Béarn[13]
  • Arthez-Lasalle: Titles of Arthez-Lassalle[14]

History

Paul Raymond noted on page 11 of his 1863 dictionary that Aroue was one of the seven districts of Soule and depended on the messagerie of Barhoue. There was a Lay Abbey at Ithorots, vassal of the Viscounts of Soule. The fief of Olhaïby was a vassal of the Viscounts of Soule and its owner was one of ten potestats of Soule.[4]

The commune had a "Temple of Reason" during the French Revolution, undoubtedly because in the Béarnais region, Aroue was the only Basque commune to adopt the Jacobin anti-religion policy.

Between 1790 and 1794 Ithorots commune was merged[15] with Olhaïby to form the new commune of Ithorots-Olhaïby. On 1 August 1973 (by prefectural order of 20 July 1973), the commune of Aroue merged with Ithorots-Olhaïby to form the new commune of Aroue-Ithorots-Olhaïby.

Administration

List of Successive Mayors[16]

From To Name Party Position
1953 2001 Franz Duboscq
2001 2008 Marcel Gégu
2008 2014 Jean-Pascal Barneix
2014 2020 Jean-Pierre Barneix

(Not all data is known)

Inter-communality

The commune is part of eight inter-communal structures:

  • the Community of communes of Amikuze;
  • the AEP association of Pays de Mixe;
  • the AEP association of Pays de Soule;
  • the educational regrouping association of Arbérats-Sillègue, Arbouet-Sussaute, Aroue, and Etcharry;
  • the Energy association of Pyrénées-Atlantiques;
  • the inter-communal association for the functioning of schools in Amikuze;
  • the joint forestry association for oaks in the Basque and béarnais valleys;
  • the association to support Basque culture.

Demography

In 2009 the commune had 245 inhabitants. The evolution of the number of inhabitants is known from the population censuses conducted in the commune since 1793. From the 21st century, a census of communes with fewer than 10,000 inhabitants is held every five years, unlike larger towns that have a sample survey every year.[Note 1]

Template:Table Population Town

Population of Aroue-Ithorots-Olhaïby

Economy

The town is part of the Appellation d'origine contrôlée (AOC) zone of Ossau-iraty.

Culture and Heritage

Civil heritage

The village has architecture typical of the eastern Basque Country: gable roofs covered with tiles, whitewashed walls with houses from the 16th century.

As in many Basque villages, the fronton is adjacent to the church.

Religious heritage

Two churches are registered as historical monuments:

  • The Church of Saint-Étienne at Aroue (12th century)[17] is a Romanesque church rebuilt in the 19th century. There is a sculpture from the 12th century of Saint Jacques on a horse and a Spanish image of "Matamoro".
  • The Church of Saint-Samson at Ithorots (19th century)[18]
  • The Church at Olhaïby has several items that are registered as historical objects:
    • A Retable over the main altar (18th century)[19]
    • A Candlestick (17th century)[20]
    • An altar cross (18th century)[21]
    • A tabernacle at the main altar (18th century)[22]
    • A candlestick (18th century)[23]
    • Statuettes (18th century)[24]
    • A Painting: The Martyrdom of Saints Cyr and Judith (18th century)[25]
    • A Tabernacle, Retable, 2 Candlesticks, Statues, Altar Cross, and Painting (18th century)[26]
    • A Processional Cross (18th century)[27]

Environmental heritage

The town lies on the GR 65. It is at the beginning of the 7th section of the GR which is listed by UNESCO as World Heritage. The presentation file to UNESCO locates the commune on the Via Podiensis on the Way of St. James. There is no real historical justification for this but it is an important fact for this small town. Justification was found by Dr. Urrutibetehy, the pioneer who traced the paths in the region (it was he who set up the so-called Stele of Gibraltar and made a point of convergence of these paths). He saw in the horseman shown on the lintel of the door of the sacristy, a representation of Saint Jacques Matamoros.

Notable people linked to the commune

  • Franz Duboscq, born in Saint-Jean-de-Luz in 1924, MP and senator, former president of the council and mayor of the town until 2001.

See also

Notes and references

Notes

  1. ^ At the beginning of the 21st century, the methods of identification have been modified by Law No. 2002-276 of 27 February 2002, the so-called "law of local democracy" and in particular Title V "census operations" allows, after a transitional period running from 2004 to 2008, the annual publication of the legal population of the different French administrative districts. For communes with a population greater than 10,000 inhabitants, a sample survey is conducted annually, the entire territory of these communes is taken into account at the end of the period of five years. The first "legal population" after 1999 under this new law came into force on 1 January 2009 and was based on the census of 2006.

References

  1. ^ Inhabitants of Pyrénées-Atlantiques Template:Fr icon
  2. ^ a b c Google Maps
  3. ^ Géoportail, IGN Template:Fr icon
  4. ^ a b c d Topographic Dictionary of the Department of Basses-Pyrenees, Paul Raymond, Imprimerie nationale, 1863, Digitised from Lyon Public Library 15 June 2011 Template:Fr icon
  5. ^ Euskaltzaindia - Academy of the Basque language Template:Eu icon
  6. ^ a b Jean-Baptiste Orpustan, New Basque Toponymy, Presses universitaires de Bordeaux, 2006, ISBN 2 86781 396 4 Template:Fr icon
  7. ^ Cassini Map 1750 – Ithorrots
  8. ^ Duchesne Collection, volumes 99 to 114, containing the papers of Oihenart, former Imperial Librarian - Bibliothèque nationale de France
  9. ^ Manuscripts from the 15th century in the Departmental Archives of Pyrénées-Atlantiques Template:Fr icon
  10. ^ Contracts retained by Luntz, Notary of Béarn in the Departmental Archives of Pyrénées-Atlantiques Template:Fr icon
  11. ^ Manuscript from 1376 in the Departmental Archives of Pyrénées-Atlantiques Template:Fr icon
  12. ^ Confessions of Languedoc in the Archives of the Empire Template:Fr icon
  13. ^ Manuscript from the 16th to 18th centuries - Departmental Archives of Pyrénées-Atlantiques Template:Fr icon
  14. ^ Titles of the Arthez-Lassalle family at Tardets Template:Fr icon
  15. ^ Ithorots-Olhaïby on the Ldh/EHESS/Cassini database Template:Fr icon
  16. ^ List of Mayors of France Template:Fr icon
  17. ^ Ministry of Culture, Mérimée IA64000685 Church of Saint-Étienne Template:Fr icon
  18. ^ Ministry of Culture, Mérimée IA64000692 Church of Saint-Samson Template:Fr icon
  19. ^ Ministry of Culture, Palissy PM64000546 Retable Template:Fr icon
  20. ^ Ministry of Culture, Palissy PM64000545 Candlestick Template:Fr icon
  21. ^ Ministry of Culture, Palissy PM64000544 Altar Cross Template:Fr icon
  22. ^ Ministry of Culture, Palissy PM64000543 Tabernacle Template:Fr icon
  23. ^ Ministry of Culture, Palissy PM64000542 Candlestick Template:Fr icon
  24. ^ Ministry of Culture, Palissy PM64000541 Statuettes Template:Fr icon
  25. ^ Ministry of Culture, Palissy PM64000540 Painting: The Martyrdom of Saints Cyr and Judith Template:Fr icon
  26. ^ Ministry of Culture, Palissy PM64000539 Tabernacle, Retable, 2 Candlesticks, Statues, Altar Cross, and Painting Template:Fr icon
  27. ^ Ministry of Culture, Palissy PM64000198 Processional Cross Template:Fr icon
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