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Chief of Staff of the United States Army

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Not to be confused with United States Secretary of the Army.
Chief of Staff of the United States Army
CSA
Flag of the Chief of Staff of the Army
since 14 August 2015
Department of the Army
The Army Staff
Member ofJoint Chiefs of Staff
Reports toSecretary of Defense
Secretary of the Army
SeatThe Pentagon, Arlington County, Virginia, U.S.
AppointerThe President
with Senate advice and consent
Term length4 years
Renewable
Constituting instrument10 U.S.C. § 3033
PrecursorCommanding General of the Army
Formation15 August 1903
First holderLTG Samuel B. M. Young
DeputyVice Chief of Staff of the Army
WebsiteOfficial Website

The Chief of Staff of the Army (CSA) is a statutory office (10 U.S.C. § 3033) held by a four-star general in the United States Army. As the most senior uniformed officer assigned to serve in the Department of the Army, the CSA is the principal military advisor and a deputy to the Secretary of the Army. In a separate capacity, the CSA is a member of the Joint Chiefs of Staff (10 U.S.C. § 151) and, thereby, a military advisor to the National Security Council, the Secretary of Defense, and the President of the United States. The CSA is typically the highest-ranking officer on active-duty in the U.S. Army unless the Chairman and/or the Vice Chairman of the Joint Chiefs of Staff are Army officers.

The Chief of Staff of the Army is an administrative position based in the Pentagon. While the CSA does not have operational command authority over Army forces proper (which is within the purview of the Combatant Commanders who report to the Secretary of Defense), the CSA does exercise supervision of army units and organizations as the designee of the Secretary of the Army.

The current Chief of Staff of the Army is General Mark A. Milley.

Responsibilities

The senior leadership of the Department of the Army consists of two civilians, the Secretary of the Army (Head of the department and subordinate to the Secretary of Defense) and the Under Secretary of the Army, and two military officers, the Chief of Staff of the Army and the Vice Chief of Staff of the Army.

The Chief of Staff reports directly to the Secretary of the Army for army matters and assists in the Secretary's external affairs functions, including presenting and enforcing army policies, plans, and projections. The CSA also directs the Inspector General of the Army to perform inspections and investigations as required. In addition, the CSA presides over the Army Staff and represents army capabilities, requirements, policy, plans, and programs in Joint fora.[1] Under delegation of authority made by the Secretary of the Army, the CSA designates army personnel and army resources to the Commanders of the Combatant Commands.[2] The CSA performs all other functions enumerated in 10 U.S.C. § 3033 under the authority, direction, and control of the Secretary of the Army, or delegates those duties and responsibilities to other officers in his administration in his name. Like the other service counterparts, the CSA has no operational command authority over army forces, dating back to the passage of the Department of Defense Reorganization Act of 1958. The CSA is served by a number of Deputy Chiefs of Staff of the Army, such as G-1, Personnel. The CSA base pay is $21,147.30 per month plus Personal Money Allowance (Monthly Amount) of $333.33, basic allowance for subsistence of $253.38, basic allowance for housing from $50.70–1923.30.

The Chief of Staff of the Army is nominated by the President and must be confirmed by the Senate.[3] By statute, the CSA is appointed as a four-star general.[3]

The Chief of Staff of the Army has an official residence, Quarters 1 at Joint Base Myer–Henderson Hall, Virginia.

The Chief of Staff holds an annual future study program called Unified Quest.[4][5][6]

History

Prior to 1903, the senior military officer in the army was the Commanding General, who reported to the Secretary of War. From 1864 to 1865, Major General Henry Halleck (who had previously been Commanding General) served as "Chief of Staff of the Army" under the Commanding General, Lieutenant General Ulysses S. Grant, thus serving in a different office and not as the senior officer in the army.

The first chief of staff moved his headquarters to Fort Myer in 1908.[clarification needed]

List of Chiefs of Staff of the Army (1903–present)

The rank listed is the rank when serving in the office.

# Name Photo Term began Term ended Notes
1. LTG Samuel B. M. Young 15 August 1903 8 January 1904 Retired upon reaching mandatory retirement age of 64.
2. LTG Adna Chaffee 19 August 1904 14 January 1906 Resigned position; retired in February at own request, shortly before reaching mandatory retirement age of 64.
3. LTG John C. Bates 15 January 1906 13 April 1906 Last Civil War veteran to serve as Chief of Staff. Retired in April 1906 at own request, shortly before reaching mandatory retirement age of 64.
4. MG J. Franklin Bell 14 April 1906 21 April 1910 Commanded several divisions and departments after serving as Chief of Staff. Died while commanding Department of the East shortly after the end of World War I.
5. MG Leonard Wood 22 April 1910 21 April 1914 Commanded divisions and departments, including organizing and training two divisions for combat in World War I. Retired in 1921.
6. MG William W. Wotherspoon 22 April 1914 16 November 1914 Retired upon reaching mandatory retirement age of 64.
7. MG Hugh L. Scott 17 November 1914 22 September 1917 Retired upon reaching mandatory retirement age of 64. Recalled to active duty for World War I; commanded a division during its organization and training before retiring again in 1919.
8. GEN Tasker H. Bliss 23 September 1917 19 May 1918 Retired upon reaching mandatory retirement age of 64 in 1917. Continued on active duty to remain Chief of Staff during World War I; served as U.S. representative on Supreme War Council and as U.S. representative during post-war Paris Peace Conference. Retired again in 1920.
9. GEN Peyton C. March 20 May 1918 30 June 1921 Retired at own request in 1921.
10. GAS John J. Pershing 1 July 1921 13 September 1924 Last Indian Wars veteran to serve as Chief of Staff. Retired from active military service upon reaching age 64 in 1924.
11. MG John L. Hines 14 September 1924 20 November 1926 Commanded IX Corps Area and Department of the Philippines; retired upon reaching mandatory retirement age of 64 in 1932.
12. GEN Charles P. Summerall 21 November 1926 20 November 1930 Last Spanish–American War veteran to serve as Chief of Staff. Placed on extended leave until reaching mandatory retirement age of 64 in 1931.
13. GEN Douglas MacArthur 21 November 1930 1 October 1935 Supervised creation of the Philippine Army. Retired in 1937, and continued to serve in the Philippines as military advisor to the president. Recalled to active duty in 1941; led defense of the Philippines during World War II, and then commanded South West Pacific Area. Served as Supreme Commander for the Allied Powers in occupied Japan, and led initial U.S. and UNC effort during Korean War. Relieved of command and retired from active military service in 1951.
14. GEN Malin Craig 2 October 1935 31 August 1939 Retired upon reaching mandatory retirement age of 64 in 1939; recalled to active duty for World War II as head of the War Department Personnel Board.
15. GA George C. Marshall 1 September 1939 18 November 1945 Attained mandatory retirement age of 64 in 1944, but continued to serve as Chief of Staff. Relieved from active military duties in November 1945.
16. GA Dwight D. Eisenhower 19 November 1945 6 February 1948 Relieved from active military duties in 1948. Recalled to active duty in 1951 to serve as first Supreme Allied Commander Europe. Retired in May 1952 upon becoming a candidate for President of the United States. Returned to the active rolls as a General of the Army in 1961, with no assigned duties.
17. GEN Omar Bradley 7 February 1948 15 August 1949 Resigned to become first Chairman of the Joint Chiefs of Staff on 19 August 1949. Promoted to General of the Army on 22 September 1950. Relieved as CJCS on 15 August 1953.
18. GEN J. Lawton Collins 16 August 1949 14 August 1953 US Representative to NATO from 1953 to 1954. Special representative of the United States in Vietnam from 1954 to 1955. US representative to NATO from 1955 until reaching mandatory retirement age of 60 in 1956.
19. GEN Matthew B. Ridgway 15 August 1953 29 June 1955 Last World War I veteran to serve as Chief of Staff. Retired in June 1955, declining age waiver that would have allowed him to complete full term.
20. GEN Maxwell D. Taylor 30 June 1955 30 June 1959 Retired in 1959. Recalled to active duty in 1961 to serve as Military Representative to the President. Chairman of the Joint Chiefs of Staff, 1962 to 1964. Retired in 1964 to become United States Ambassador to South Vietnam.
21. GEN Lyman L. Lemnitzer 1 July 1959 30 September 1960 Chairman of the Joint Chiefs of Staff, 1960 to 1962. Supreme Allied Commander of NATO, 1963 to 1969. Retired upon reaching mandatory retirement age of 60 in 1969.
22. GEN George H. Decker 1 October 1960 30 September 1962 Retired upon reaching mandatory retirement age of 60 in 1962.
23. GEN Earle G. Wheeler 1 October 1962 2 July 1964 Chairman of the Joint Chiefs of Staff, 1964 to 1970, including waiver to serve beyond mandatory retirement age of 60. Retired in 1970.
24. GEN Harold K. Johnson 3 July 1964 2 July 1968 Retired at end of term.
25. GEN William C. Westmoreland 3 July 1968 30 June 1972 Retired at end of term.
GEN Bruce Palmer Jr. 1 July 1972 11 October 1972 Acting Chief of Staff. Resumed duties as Vice Chief of Staff upon appointment of Creighton W. Abrams as Chief of Staff. Commander, United States Readiness Command, 1973 to 1974. Retired in 1974.
26. GEN Creighton W. Abrams 12 October 1972 4 September 1974 Died in office.
27. GEN Frederick C. Weyand 3 October 1974 30 September 1976 Retired upon reaching mandatory retirement age of 60.
28. GEN Bernard W. Rogers 1 October 1976 21 June 1979 Last World War II veteran to serve as Chief of Staff. Supreme Allied Commander Europe, 1979 to 1987, including waiver to continue service past age 60. Retired in 1987.
29. GEN Edward C. Meyer 22 June 1979 21 June 1983 Last Korean War veteran to serve as Chief of Staff. Retired at end of term.
30. GEN John A. Wickham Jr. 23 July 1983 23 June 1987 Retired at end of term.
31. GEN Carl E. Vuono 23 June 1987 21 June 1991 Retired at end of term.
32. GEN Gordon R. Sullivan 21 June 1991 20 June 1995 Retired at end of term.
33. GEN Dennis J. Reimer 20 June 1995 21 June 1999 Retired at end of term.
34. GEN Eric K. Shinseki 21 June 1999 11 June 2003 Last Vietnam War veteran to serve as Chief of Staff. Retired at end of term.
35. GEN Peter J. Schoomaker 1 August 2003 10 April 2007 Retired in 2000. Recalled to active duty to serve as Chief of Staff. Retired again at end of term.
36. GEN George W. Casey Jr. 10 April 2007 10 April 2011 Retired at end of term.
37. GEN Martin E. Dempsey 11 April 2011 7 September 2011 Term shortened due to appointment as Chairman of the Joint Chiefs of Staff.[7]
38. GEN Raymond T. Odierno 7 September 2011 14 August 2015 Retired at end of term.
39. GEN Mark A. Milley 14 August 2015 Incumbent

See also

References

  1. ^ "General George Casey - Chief of Staff Army". Archived from the original on 11 September 2007. Retrieved 22 September 2007.
  2. ^ Law.cornell.edu, 10 USC 165. Combatant commands: administration and support
  3. ^ a b Law.cornell.edu, 10 USC 3033. Chief of Staff
  4. ^ "Unified Quest (UQ)."
  5. ^ "Unified Quest 2012."
  6. ^ "Unified Quest 2011 Combined Arms Maneuver and Wide Area Security Tabletop Wargame."
  7. ^ Historical Resources Branch, United States Army Center of Military History

Further reading

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