HMAS Assault
| HMAS Assault | |
|---|---|
.jpg) Troops and landing craft crews training at HMAS Assault during World War II | |
| Active | September 1942 – August 1944 |
| Disbanded | April 1945 |
| Country | Australia |
| Branch | Royal Australian Navy |
| Type | Training |
HMAS Assault was a Royal Australian Navy (RAN) training centre at Nelson Bay in the Port Stephens area of New South Wales, Australia during World War II.
Formation and history
In June 1942, Royal Navy Commander F. N. Cook, the former commander of the Combined Operations Centre – HMS Tormenter – who was on loan to the RAN to help establish an Australian combined operations school, identified Port Stephens as the ideal location to establish a RAN training base for amphibious landings.[1] On 9 August, General Douglas MacArthur ordered the establishment of the Joint Overseas Operational Training School (JOOTS) at Port Stephens.[2] While the base was under construction, HMAS Westralia was assigned to the area as an accommodation ship, with HMAS Ping Wo serving as a tender.[2]
The stone frigate HMAS Assault was commissioned on 1 September 1942; Assault was initially operated from Westralia, but moved ashore on 10 December 1942.[2][3] The base's main purpose was to train boat crews for landing craft, beach commandos to prepare beaches and coordinate landings on the shore, and signals sections to facilitate communications between ships and land-based forces.[2][3] Training at Assault was initially hampered by the lack of LCVP and LCM craft available, with the base forced to use folding boats towed by launches and lighters to simulate landing craft, and HMAS Koopa, a requisitioned pleasure boat, as an assault transport.[2] By March 1943, enough landing craft had been manufactured in Australia and delivered from the United States to allow for full-scale landing exercises.[2] For administrative purposes, landing and shore personnel trained at Assault were considered to be attached to the base, not the ships that they were embarked in.[4]
The JOOTS section of Assault was closed on 1 October 1943, with all joint amphibious warfare training consolidated at the Army facility at Toorbul Point, Queensland.[5] The RAN continued training its own boat and beach crews at Assault until August 1944,[5] when the base was decommissioned[citation needed] and reduced to a caretaker establishment.[5] In April 1945, the base was given to the Royal Navy,[5] who used it as a Commando Depot for the Royal Marines units attached to the British Pacific Fleet.[citation needed]
Assault's sickbay was used as migrant accommodation from 1949 to 1953. It was opened as a small hospital in 1956, then closed in 1981. The building is now the Port Stephens Community Arts Centre.[citation needed]
Citations
- ^ Mallett, in Stevens & Reeve, Sea Power ashore and in the air, pp. 118–9
- ^ a b c d e f Mallett, in Stevens & Reeve, Sea Power ashore and in the air, p. 121
- ^ a b Djokovic, RAN Beach Commandos
- ^ Mallett, in Stevens & Reeve, Sea Power ashore and in the air, pp. 124–125
- ^ a b c d Mallett, in Stevens & Reeve, Sea Power ashore and in the air, p. 123
References
- Books
- Mallett, Ross (2007). "Together Again for the First Time: The Army, the RAN and Amphibious Warfare 1942–1945". In Stevens, David; Reeve, John (eds.). Sea Power ashore and in the air. Ultimo, NSW: Halstead Press. ISBN 9781920831455. OCLC 271328006.
- Websites
- Djokovic, Petar. "RAN Beach Commandos". Royal Australian Navy. Retrieved 9 August 2014.