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Joinville

Coordinates: 26°19′13″S 48°50′37″W / 26.3204°S 48.8437°W / -26.3204; -48.8437
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This article is about the city in Brazil. For other uses, see Joinville (disambiguation).
Joinville, SC
Municipality
Downtown Joinville
Downtown Joinville
Official seal of Joinville, SC
Seal
Nickname: 
City of Princes - City of Flowers
Location of Joinville
Location of Joinville
Country Brazil
RegionSouth
StateSanta Catarina
MesoregionNorte Catarinense
MicroregionJoinville
FoundedMarch 9, 1851
Government
 • MayorUdo Döhler [de] (PMDB) (January 1st 2013 - January 1st 2017)
Area
 • Total1,130.878 km2 (436.634 sq mi)
Elevation
4 m (13 ft)
Population
 (2013)
 • Total547,000
 • Density484/km2 (1,250/sq mi)
Time zoneUTC-3 (UTC-3)
 • Summer (DST)UTC-2 (UTC-2)
Postal Code
89200-000
Area code+55 47
WebsiteOfficial website

Joinville (Portuguese pronunciation: [ʒõjˈvili], [ʒo.ĩˈvili] or [ʒwĩˈvili]) is the largest city in Santa Catarina State, in the Southern Region of Brazil. It is the third largest municipality in the southern region of Brazil, after the much larger state capitals of Curitiba and Porto Alegre. Joinville is also a major industrial, financial and commerce center.

In 2014, the population of Joinville reached approximately 560,000 people, many of whom are of German and Italian descent. The metropolitan area is home to 1,212,997 residents according to the 2010 census by IBGE.[1]

Owing to urban development and relatively good infrastructure, Joinville has become a major center for events and business conferences. The city has one of the highest standards of living in Latin America.[2]

History

The first inhabitants in the region of Joinville were probably the Tupi people. Archeological indications and more than forty sambaquis (middens) found locally indicate human habitation as far back as 4800 BC. Although there are signs of agricultural activity, the principal elements in the diet at that time were apparently fish and shell-fish.

Joinville was founded on March 9, 1851, by German, Swiss and Norwegian immigrants.

Even though it is considered a German-Brazilian city, its name is French (Joinville was named after François d'Orléans, prince of Joinville, son of King Louis-Philippe of France, who married Princess Francisca of Brazil, in 1843). The city's former name was Colônia Dona Francisca (Lady Francisca Colony), but was changed to Joinville in 1851.

The land where Joinville is located was part of the French and Brazilian Royal Family wedding gift, even though the Prince of Joinville and his Brazilian bride had never been to the land.

However, a Royal Palace was built in their honor around 1870. In 1851, the French prince, after a financial crisis, sold almost all his lands in Southern Brazil to the German Senator Mathias Schröder.

Senator Schröder was a member of the Colonization Society of Hamburg. This society, made up of bankers, businessmen and merchants, attracted immigrants to be sent to Brazil and thereby establish commercial ties between Germany and the German communities in Brazil. In 1851, the first 118 German and Swiss immigrants arrived, followed by 74 Norwegian immigrants.

From 1850 to 1888, Joinville received 17,000 German immigrants, most of them Lutherans, poor peasants coming to occupy this part of Brazil.[1]

Geography

Overview

Joinville is located in the northeast of the State of Santa Catarina, close to the Atlantic coast, and is crossed by the river Cachoeira. It is not too far from the borders with the state of Paraná and its capital, Curitiba. The city is surrounded by the municipalities of Garuva, São Francisco do Sul, Araquari, Guaramirim, Schroeder, Jaraguá do Sul and Campo Alegre (this one in the microregion of São Bento do Sul).[3]

The city contains a port on Babitonga Bay (Baía da Babitonga), which leads to the Atlantic Ocean and provides an important route for exporting manufactured products.[4] In 2006–07 there were public discussions about creating a Baía da Babitonga Wildlife Reserve to manage the mangroves, fishery and aquaculture in the bay.[5] This was defeated by politicians and businesspeople who were concerned about the impact on planned projects including a port expansion.[6]

Climate

Joinville has a humid subtropical climate (Köppen climate classification data). In some rare cases, Joinville gets hit by South Atlantic cyclones, the most notable being Cyclone Catarina in 2004. Although Joinville lies outside the tropic zone, and because of its low altitude and proximity to the Atlantic Ocean it sees little temperature variation throughout the year, with every month seeing average highs in the 20s C.

Climate data for Joinville
Month Jan Feb Mar Apr May Jun Jul Aug Sep Oct Nov Dec Year
Mean daily maximum °C (°F) 29
(84) 		28
(82) 		28
(82) 		25
(77) 		23
(73) 		21
(70) 		21
(70) 		21
(70) 		21
(70) 		24
(75) 		26
(79) 		28
(82) 		25
(77)
Mean daily minimum °C (°F) 19
(66) 		19
(66) 		18
(64) 		15
(59) 		13
(55) 		11
(52) 		11
(52) 		12
(54) 		13
(55) 		14
(57) 		16
(61) 		18
(64) 		14
(57)
Source: Climatempo[7]

Neighborhoods

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Joinville suburbs view.

Characteristics and tourism

Joinville in the afternoon.

Joinville is famous for its strong German-influenced culture. The city retains many aspects of German culture, in its architecture, in the local dishes, parties and in the way of life of its inhabitants, known as workaholics.

Joinville is the host city of the Festival de Dança de Joinville (Joinville Dance Festival) which is the world's largest dance event, held every year during the month of July.[8] Joinville is the only city outside of Moscow to have a school of the Bolshoi Ballet, the renowned Russian Ballet Company. The city is home to a Catholic bishop, several Lutheran churches (one of the largest communities in Brazil), a Botanical Garden and a Zoo. Parks, and several beaches are less than an hour's drive away from the city.[9] Joinville is also home to several museums including the "MUBI" bicycle museum.[10]

The Royal Palace, built in the mid-19th century, nowadays is a museum about German immigration to Brazil. It has furniture and costumes dating back to the mid-19th century.

A typical German house in Joinville, built in 1921 by the butcher Otto Schroeder, son of German immigrants.

International Dance Festival

Every year since 1982, Joinville's Dance Festival gathers in the city thousands of professional dancers and viewers from all over the world. The festival always takes place in the second half of July. The 11 days of presentations attract around 50 thousand people to Centreventos Cau Hansen, making it one of the largest events of its kind in the world. Joinville's Dance Festival has even received a mention in the 2005 edition of the Guinness Book of World Records as the world's "largest dance festival". There are competitions in seven different categories, from classical ballet to folk dances. Squares, shopping centres and many companies take the opportunity to promote other events at the same time, such as courses and talks.

Industrial tourism

With a population of over half a million inhabitants and an economy based mainly on industry, Joinville has become the largest city in State of Santa Catarina. Also called the “Manchester catarinense”, for its economic and technological leadership — the name refers to the English city that is an industrial historical point of reference — Joinville stands out as one of the most important Brazilian cities, being on the tour schedule of visitors from all over Brazil and the world.

Ethnicities

White Brazilians compose most of the city's population, tracing their origins mostly from Southern and Central Europe. A minority of the population (7.32%) are Black or Pardo (Brown-colored multiracials).

Race/Skin color Percentage Number
White 91.50% 393,085
Pardo (brown) 5.13% 22,025
Afro-Brazilian 2.19% 9,413
Native American 0.14% 613
Asian 0.17% 711

Source: IBGE 2000.[11]

Religion

The first settlers were mainly Lutherans but, nowadays, followers of this religion make up only 6.13% of the population. Today, most of the Protestants are of Pentecostal faith. The first congregation of The Church of Jesus Christ of Latter-day Saints in Brazil was organized in Joinville. The main religion, as in most of Brazil, is Roman Catholicism.

Religion Percentage Number
Roman Catholics 73.26% 314,729
Protestants 22.49% 96,632
No religion 2.01% 8,656

Source: IBGE 2000.[12]

Economy

A region of Joinville.

Joinville's economy is based on industrial activities and commerce. The city is also the center to some of Brazil's largest software companies such as: Datasul [pt],[13] Logocenter,[14] Microvix and SoftExpert

Joinville is also home to many very well known large corporations in Brazil such as: Tupy,[15] Tigre,[16] Embraco,[17] Döhler,[18] Whirlpool,[19] Wetzel,[20] Busscar,[21] Ciser,[22] Schulz S/A.[23]

The city has one of the highest standards of living in Brazil. Its industrial output is the third-largest in the Southern States of Brazil, after the large main cities of Porto Alegre and Curitiba. Joinville is also the third most populous city in the southern region of Brazil, after the neighboring state capitals of Curitiba and Porto Alegre.[24]

General Motors opened a motors factory in Joinville in 2012 - it plans to invest up to US$1 billion in the coming years in another plant next to its new plant and a full assembly line is in the works for the future.

In April 2013 BMW, the luxury auto brand, announced the building of its first plant in Latin America in the neighboring town of Araquari - the headquarters of BMW are expected to be in the city of Joinville. BMW will build the X1, X3, and 3 series initially in this plant and possibly some models of the Mini Cooper.[25] It was confirmed on Dec 16th, 2013 that the following models will be build in the plant: Series 1, X1, X3, Series 3 and the Mini Cooper Countryman - the factory is set to open by the end of 2014.

Languages

Portuguese, the official language of Brazil, is spoken and used by the entire population. English and Spanish are part of the official high school curriculum. As most of Joinville's inhabitants are of German ancestry, the German language is also taught in some schools.[26]

Colleges and universities

State and Federal

Private

  • ACE - Associação Catarinense de Ensino
  • FCJ - Faculdade Cenecista de Joinville
  • IELUSC - Instituto Superior e Centro Educacional Luterano Bom Jesus
  • IESVILLE - Instituto de Ensino Superior de Joinville
  • INESA - Instituto de Ensino Superior Santo Antônio
  • SENAI - Serviço Nacional de Aprendizagem Industrial
  • SOCIESC - Sociedade Educacional de Santa Catarina (pt Wikipedia)
  • UNIVILLE - Universidade da Região de Joinville

Transportation

Control tower of Joinville Airport.
Joinville Airport.

Domestic airport

Joinville-Lauro Carneiro de Loyola Airport (IATA code: JOI) is a minor airport in southern Brazil and serves only domestic flights. It is located 13 km from downtown, 75 km from Navegantes Airport, 110 km from Curitiba International Airport and 163 km from Florianópolis International Airport.

In 2003 Joinville Airport recorded movement of 180,000 passengers and nearly 10,000 takeoffs and landings. On March 8, 2004, during commemorations of the city’s 153rd anniversary, Joinville gained a newly upgraded airport. A new passenger terminal opened at Joinville-Lauro Carneiro de Loyola Airport, able to handle up to 500,000 people a year. A new administrative building and control tower were also built.

The airport adopted the Aeroshopping concept, which Infraero is implementing at its airports. The number of shops went from 8 to 22. The expectation is that implementation of the airport/shopping center idea will boost the number of jobs generated by the airport by 40%.

In spite of the growth in the number of flights and passengers, the airport lacks sufficient public transportation connecting it with the city center and other neighboring towns. Commuting from and to the airport is performed chiefly by taxis and private vehicles.

Highways

Joinville is 135 km away from Curitiba on the BR-101, and 184 km from Florianópolis, the state capital.

Distances

Sport

The city also offers leisure options in sports: there is a golf course, equestrian centre and a kart track. For outdoor activities lovers, there are places suitable for practicing any sport, from shooting (German tradition from the Middle Ages, kept until today) to adventure and nautical - the largest and best equipped Yacht Club in Santa Catarina State is in the municipality. The city also hosts famous teams of basketball, salon (Indoors) football and volleyball, all of them highly recognised in the national leagues.

Sporting clubs

On December 8, 2013, Joinville made headlines in the sport world when the game between Clube Atlético Paranaense and Vasco da Gama-RJ at Arena Joinville, the main football stadium in town was interrupted by violent fights between fans. The game was part of the last qualifying games of the Premier league "Serie A" in Brazil - Atlético Paranaense were fighting for a position in the Libertadores Cup and Vasco da Gama was fighting not to be relegated to the lower league "Serie B". Atlético Paranaense were hosting a game in Joinville after already being penalized for violence in its own arena in Curitiba, Paraná (120 km away from Joinville).

The violence that took place at Arena Joinville had nothing to do with the hometown fans of Joinville, but rather violent fans that came from Curitiba and Rio de Janeiro do root for their home teams. Nevertheless, because of Brazil hosting the 2014 World Cup, the event made headlines all over the world - it somehow showed the incompetence of Brazilian authorities in handling the security of sport events, a major concern of foreign travelers going to the World Cup. Joinville did not host any games during the event, but had hopes of hosting teams for the training events before the World Cup, most likely Switzertland and Russia.

Famous people

Ana Cláudia Michels, Brazilian fashion model.

References

  1. ^ a b (( Radar Sul )) História da Cidade de Joinville - Santa Catatina - SC - Brasil
  2. ^ Bela Santa Catarina Notícias: Joinville valoriza Índice de Desenvolvimento Humano (IDH)
  3. ^ Bordering municipalities are listed from north in a clockwise sense
  4. ^ Sergio Silva (2006), PROPOSTA DE MOÇÃO (PDF), retrieved 2016-05-11
  5. ^ Sandra Tavares (18 September 2007), Instituto Chico Mendes e Ibama realizam Consulta Pública para a criação da primeira Reserva de Fauna do País, na baía da Babitonga-SC, Brasília: ICMBio, retrieved 2016-05-11
  6. ^ Gert Roland Fischer (22 June 2012), "UC – unidade de conservação de fauna", Ecologia em Ação (in Portuguese), retrieved 2016-05-11
  7. ^ "Climatempo:".
  8. ^ 26º Festival de Dança de Joinville
  9. ^ CELST - Comunidade Evangélica Luterana Santíssima Trindade
  10. ^ MUBI - O Museu da Bicicleta de Joinville (in Portuguese)
  11. ^ Sistema IBGE de Recuperação Automática - SIDRA
  12. ^ Sistema IBGE de Recuperação Automática - SIDRA
  13. ^ Datasul (PDF) (in Portuguese). Joinville, Brazil: Datasul. 2008. ISBN 85-240-3919-1. Retrieved 2008-01-25.
  14. ^ Logocenter (PDF) (in Portuguese). Joinville, Brazil: Logocenter. 2008. ISBN 85-240-3919-1. Retrieved 2008-01-25.
  15. ^ Tupy (PDF) (in Portuguese). Joinville, Brazil: Tupy. 2008. ISBN 85-240-3919-1. Retrieved 2008-01-25.
  16. ^ Tigre (PDF) (in Portuguese). Joinville, Brazil: Tigre. 2008. ISBN 85-240-3919-1. Retrieved 2008-01-25.
  17. ^ Embraco (PDF) (in Portuguese). Joinville, Brazil: Embraco. 2008. ISBN 85-240-3919-1. Retrieved 2008-01-25.
  18. ^ Dohler (PDF) (in Portuguese). Joinville, Brazil: Dohler. 2008. ISBN 85-240-3919-1. Retrieved 2008-01-25.
  19. ^ Consul (PDF) (in Portuguese). Joinville, Brazil: Consul. 2008. ISBN 85-240-3919-1. Retrieved 2008-01-25.
  20. ^ Wetzel (PDF) (in Portuguese). Joinville, Brazil: Wetzel. 2008. ISBN 85-240-3919-1. Retrieved 2008-01-25.
  21. ^ Busscar (PDF) (in Portuguese). Joinville, Brazil: Busscar. 2008. ISBN 85-240-3919-1. Retrieved 2008-01-25.
  22. ^ Ciser (PDF) (in Portuguese). Joinville, Brazil: Ciser. 2008. ISBN 85-240-3919-1. Retrieved 2008-01-25.
  23. ^ Schulz (PDF) (in Portuguese). Joinville, Brazil: Schulz. 2008. ISBN 85-240-3919-1. Retrieved 2008-01-25.
  24. ^ 2010 IBGE Census
  25. ^ http://www.bmwblog.com/2013/12/16/groundbreaking-ceremony-new-bmw-group-plant-brazil/
  26. ^ Bela Santa Catarina: Prefeitura de Joinville pretende ampliar ensino da língua alemã
Wikimedia Commons has media related to Joinville.
Wikivoyage has a travel guide for Joinville.

26°19′13″S 48°50′37″W / 26.3204°S 48.8437°W / -26.3204; -48.8437

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