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Ainhice-Mongelos

Coordinates: 43°12′22″N 1°09′15″W / 43.2061°N 1.1542°W / 43.2061; -1.1542
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"Mongelos" redirects here. For the Paraguayan tenor, see José Mongelós.
Ainhice-Mongelos
Ainhize-Monjolose
Commune
Sign at the entrance of the village
Sign at the entrance of the village
Location of Ainhice-Mongelos
Map
Ainhice-Mongelos is located in France
Ainhice-Mongelos
Ainhice-Mongelos
Ainhice-Mongelos is located in Nouvelle-Aquitaine
Ainhice-Mongelos
Ainhice-Mongelos
Coordinates: 43°12′22″N 1°09′15″W / 43.2061°N 1.1542°W / 43.2061; -1.1542
CountryFrance
RegionNouvelle-Aquitaine
DepartmentPyrénées-Atlantiques
ArrondissementBayonne
CantonMontagne Basque
IntercommunalityPays Basque
Government
 • Mayor (2020–2026) Jean-Pierre Irigoin[1]
Area
1
10.30 km2 (3.98 sq mi)
Population
 (2021)[2]
169
 • Density16/km2 (42/sq mi)
Time zoneUTC+01:00 (CET)
 • Summer (DST)UTC+02:00 (CEST)
INSEE/Postal code
64013 /64220
Elevation195–546 m (640–1,791 ft)
(avg. 242 m or 794 ft)
1 French Land Register data, which excludes lakes, ponds, glaciers > 1 km2 (0.386 sq mi or 247 acres) and river estuaries.

Ainhice-Mongelos (Basque: Ainhize-Monjolose)[3] is a commune in the Pyrénées-Atlantiques department in the Nouvelle-Aquitaine region in southwestern France.

It is located in the former province of Lower Navarre.[3]

Geography

[edit]
A Bottle door in the Lower Navarre style
A Hilarri decorated with a Star of David
The town hall

Location

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The town is part of the country Basque province of Cize of Lower Navarre. It is located in the Pyrenees mountains some 40 km in a direct line southeast of Bayonne and about 15 km northeast of the Spanish border. The commune is mostly farmland with scattered small forests.

Access

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Access to Ainhice-Mongelos is via the Highway D933 (old highway 133) which runs northeast from Saint-Jean-le-Vieux which runs from southwest to northeast along the eastern side of the commune through the village of Mongelos continues northeast, ending near Saint Palais. Just south of the commune at Lacarre, the Highway D422 branches from the D933 to the northwest and passes through the western side of the commune, ending at Lopeenia just to the west of the commune. No other highways enter the commune. The village of Anhice-Mongelos can be reached by a country road from the D933 at Mongelos or by any of the many country roads which cover the commune.[4]

Hydrography

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In the Drainage basin of the Adour, the commune is traversed by a tributary of the Nive, the Lakako erreka (which originates in Ainhice-Mongelos) and, a tributary of the Laurhibar, the Arzubiko erreka and by tributaries of the latter, the Bassaguibeléko erreka and the Idiondoa brook. The Artikaitéko erreka which flows into Bidouze also passes through the commune.

Localities and hamlets

[edit]
  • Achurdé[5]
  • Ainhice
  • Artikite
  • Azeria
  • Barnetchéa (Barnetxea)[6]
  • Bertéretchia
  • Bidartéa
  • Bidégaïnéa
  • Caracoitchia
  • Chilténéa
  • Elizetchékoborda[5]
  • Erdoïs Etcheberria
  • Erdoïsia
  • Erretoraenia
  • Etcheberritoa
  • Etchéparéa[7]
  • Gohanetxea
  • Harraldéa
  • Harrispéa
  • Héguilondoa
  • Idiartekoborda
  • Ihitsia
  • Irazabalea[8]
  • Irumia
  • Ithurraldéa
  • Kousketikoborda
  • Larraldéa
  • Martiréma
  • Mongelos
  • Munhoa
  • Officialdéya
  • Orkaïtzéa
  • Sallaberria

Toponymy

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The name of the commune in Basque is Ainhize-Monjolose.[3] According to Jean-Baptiste Orpustan the origin of the name Ainhice remains unknown.[9] According to Brigitte Jobbé-Duval Mongelos is a Gascon name meaning Mont Jaloux (Mount Jealous).[10][11]

The following table details the origins of the commune name and other names in the commune.

Name Spelling Date Source Page Origin Description
Angelos Anƒiz 1135 Orpustan Village
Aniça 1264 Mérimée
Aniça 1309 Orpustan
Anhice 1304 Mérimée
Anhice 1307 Orpustan
Aniça 1350 Mérimée
Anhice 1366 Mérimée
Anhice 1413 Orpustan
Ainza 1513 Raymond
4
 Pamplona
Añiza 1621 Raymond
4
 Biscay
Aniça 1621 Raymond
4
 Biscay
Aynice 1621 Raymond
4
 Biscay
Ainhisse 1665 Raymond
4
 Navarre
Ainza 1513 Raymond
4
 Pamplona
Mongelos Mongelos 1249 Mérimée Village
Mongelos 1264 Orpustan
Mongelos 1309 Orpustan
Mongelos 1413 Orpustan
Mont gelos 1292 Mérimée
Montis gelosi 1304 Mérimée
Mont gelos 1307 Orpustan
Monjelos 1321 Raymond
115
 Camara
Mont gelos 1350 Orpustan
Mongelos en Cize 1477 Raymond
115
 Ohix
Saint-Jean de Mongelos 1703 Raymond
115
 Ohix
Achurdé Achurdé 1863 Raymond
2
 A mountain pass between Lantabat and Ainhice-Mongelos
Elizaldea Eliçalde 1412 Mérimée List of fires in the Kingdom of Navarre
Elizetchékoborda Élissetche 1863 Raymond
58
 Fief, vassal of the Kingdom of Navarre
Erdoïs Erdoïs 1863 Raymond
59
 Fief, vassal of the Kingdom of Navarre. Raymond also mentions that there was a Prebendary of the name "founded in the church of Ainhice".
Fleur-de-Lys Flor-de-Lis 1621 Raymond
64
 Biscay Fief, vassal of the Kingdom of Navarre

Sources:

Origins:

History

[edit]

The medieval village of Mongelos was established in 1240[11] as subject to the King of Navarre.[10] Formerly subject to Ainhice, they were reunited on 16 August 1841.[10][5]

Administration

[edit]

List of successive mayors of Anhice-Mongelos[18]

From To Name
1995 2004 Guillaume Eyharts
2004 2026 Jean-Pierre Irigoin

Inter-communality

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The commune belongs to seven inter-communal organisations:

  • the Communauté d'agglomération du Pays Basque
  • the AEP union of Ainhice
  • the energy union of Pyrenees-Atlantiques
  • the school union for RPI Ainhice-Gamarthe-Lacarre
  • the inter-communal association for the development and management of the abattoir at Saint-Jean-Pied-de-Port
  • the joint association for the watershed of the Nive
  • the union to support Basque culture.

Population

[edit]

The inhabitants of the commune are known as Ainhiztars or Monjolostars.[10][19]

Historical population
YearPop.±% p.a.
1968 226—    
1975 199−1.80%
1982 179−1.50%
1990 173−0.43%
1999 175+0.13%
2007 168−0.51%
2012 157−1.35%
2017 173+1.96%
Source: INSEE[20]

Economy

[edit]

Economic activity is mainly agricultural. The town is part of the zone of appellation of Ossau-iraty.

Euskal Herriko Laborantza Ganbara or the "Chamber of Agriculture for the Basque Country" is an association under the law of 1901 founded on 15 January 2005 and is headquartered in Ainhice-Mongelos.

Culture and heritage

[edit]
  • Farm gate
    Farm gate
  • Well
    Well
  • Window lintel (1741)
    Window lintel (1741)
  • House from 1857
    House from 1857

Languages

[edit]

According to the Map of the Seven Basque Provinces published in 1863 by Prince Louis-Lucien Bonaparte, the dialect of Basque spoken in Ainhice-Mongelos is eastern low Navarrese.

Civil heritage

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Several houses and farms are registered as historical monuments. These are:

  • Houses and Farms (18th & 19th century)[21]
  • Barnetxea Farm (17th century)[6]
  • Elizaldea Farm (17th century)[22]
  • Etxeparea Farm (17th century)[7]
  • Irazabalea Farm (17th century)[8]

Religious heritage

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Church of the Assumption
  • Church of the Assumption (14th century)[23]

Facilities

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The town has a kindergarten.

See also

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References

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  1. ^ "Répertoire national des élus: les maires". data.gouv.fr, Plateforme ouverte des données publiques françaises (in French). 2 December 2020.
  2. ^ "Populations légales 2021" (in French). The National Institute of Statistics and Economic Studies. 28 December 2023.
  3. ^ a b c Ainhize-Monjolose, Auñamendi Eusko Entziklopedia (in Spanish)
  4. ^ Google Maps
  5. ^ a b c d Topographic Dictionary of the Department of Basses-Pyrenees, Paul Raymond, Imprimerie nationale, 1863, Digitised from Lyon Public Library 15 June 2011 (in French)
  6. ^ a b Ministry of Culture, Mérimée IA64000910 Barnetxea Farm (in French)
  7. ^ a b Ministry of Culture, Mérimée IA64000907 Etxeparea Farm (in French)
  8. ^ a b Ministry of Culture, Mérimée IA64000906 Irazabalea Farm (in French)
  9. ^ a b Jean-Baptiste Orpustan, New Basque Toponymy, Presses universitaires de Bordeaux, 2006, ISBN 2 86781 396 4 (in French)
  10. ^ a b c d Brigitte Jobbé-Duval, Dictionary of place names – Pyrénées-Atlantiques, 2009, Editor Archives et Culture, ISBN 978-2-35077-151-9
  11. ^ a b c Ministry of Culture, Mérimée IA64000873 Presentation of Ainhice-Mongelos (in French)
  12. ^ Titles published by don José Yanguas y Miranda (in Spanish)
  13. ^ Derecho de naturaleza que la merindad de San-Juan-del-pie-del-puerto, una de las seys de Navarra, tiene en Castilla, 1622 (in Spanish)
  14. ^ Collection of manuscripts of 11 volumes of deliberations (1606 to 1789) – Departmental Archives of Pyrénées-Atlantiques (in French)
  15. ^ Titles published by don José Yanguas y Miranda – Diccionario de Antiguedades del reino de Navarra, 1840, Pamplona (in Spanish)
  16. ^ Contracts retained by Ohix, Notary of Soule – Manuscript of the 15th century – Departmental Archives of Pyrénées-Atlantiques (in French)
  17. ^ Manuscript from the 18th century in the Departmental Archives of Pyrénées-Atlantiques (in French)
  18. ^ List of Mayors of France (in French)
  19. ^ Pyrénées-Atlantiques, habitants.fr
  20. ^ Population en historique depuis 1968, INSEE
  21. ^ Ministry of Culture, Mérimée IA64000967 Houses and Farms] (in French)
  22. ^ Ministry of Culture, Mérimée IA64000909 Elizaldea Farm (in French)
  23. ^ Ministry of Culture, Mérimée IA64000908 Church of the Assumption (in French)
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