Munisuvrata

Munisuvrata
Twentieth Jain Tirthankara
Shri 1008 Munisuvratnath Bhagwan Statue
Venerated in	Jainism
Predecessor	Māllīnātha
Successor	Naminatha
Symbol	Tortoise
Height	20 bows (60 metres)
Age	over 30,000 years
Color	Black
Genealogy
Born	Rajgir
Died	Shikharji
Parents	Sumitra (father) Padmavati (mother)

Munisuvrata Swami (Munisuvratanātha) was the twentieth Tirthankara of the present half time cycle (avasarpini) in Jain cosmology. He became a siddha, a liberated soul which has destroyed all of his karma. Events of the Jaina version of Ramayana are placed at the time of Munisuvratanatha. His chief apostle (gañadhara) was sage Malli Svāmi.

Legends

Munisuvratanatha was the twentieth Tirthankara of the present half time cycle (avasarpini) in Jain cosmology.

According to Jain texts, Munisuvratanātha was born as 34 lakh plus 25,000 years passed after the birth of the nineteenth Tirthankara, Mallinātha. According to Jain beliefs, Munisuvratanātha descended from the heaven called Ānata kalpa on the twelfth day of the bright half of the month of Āśvina – āśvina śukla dvādaśi– to Queen Padmā and King Sumitra.

In his previous incarnation, Munisuvrata was born as Surshreshta, the king of Champa, Mahavideh.

On the third day of Shraavana (month) Krishna (dark fortnight) according to Hindu calendar, Queen Padmavati of Rajgir saw sixteen auspicious dreams. When she shared her dreams with her husband, King Sumitra of the Harivamsa clan, he explained that a Tirthankara will be born to them soon. Then, Munisuvrata was born to them on the fifteenth day of the Shraavana Shukla (bright fortnight) in 1,184,980 BC.

According to Jain texts, after spending 7,500 years as youth (kumārkāla), Munisuvratanātha ruled His kingdom for 15,000 years (rājyakāla). He then renounced all worldly pursuits and became a monk. According to Jain beliefs, Munisuvratanātha spent 11 months (chadmasthakāla) performing karma-destroying austerities and then attained the all-embracing knowledge – Omniscience (kevala jñāna).

His height was 20 bows (60 metres).

Munisuvratanātha is said to have lived for over 30,000 years and attained liberation (nirvāña) from Sammeda śikhara on the twelfth day of the dark half of the month of Phālguna – phālguna kṛṣna dvādaśi.

Adoration

Svayambhustotra by Acharya Samantabhadra is the adoration of twenty-four tirthankaras. Its five slokas (aphorisms) adore the qualities of Munisuvratanātha.

O Lord Munisuvratanātha! You had attained the excellent observance of the vows of the sages; you are the ascetic supreme, and utterly pristine (having destroyed the inimical karmas). You stood out in the assembly of the sages like the moon in the midst of the constellations of stars.

— Svayambhūstotra (20-1-111)

Literature

Events of the Jaina version of Ramayana are placed at the time of Munisuvratanatha.

Main Temples

• Chaturmukha Basadi is a famous Jain temple located at Karkala in the Indian state of Karnataka. The temple is dedicated to Tirthankar Aranatha, Mallinath and Munisuvratnath.
• Shri Munisuvrata-Nemi-Parshva Jinalaya located at Santhu, Rajasthan
• Paithan Jain Tirth

Gupti Dham Ganaur

Gallery

State Museum Bhopal, 6th century Image of Muni Suvratnatha (Patna Ganj, M.P) Image of Munisuvrata natha (Jahazpur district, Bhilwara) Munisuvrata idol at Paithan made of sand Munisuvrata idol at Paithan made of sand Munisuvrata, 1466 CE, Western India, National Museum, New Delhi Chaturmukha Basadi Shri Munisuvrata-Nemi-Parshva Jinalaya at Santhu Idol at Shri Munisuvrata-Nemi-Parshva Jinalaya

See also

• God in Jainism
• Arihant (Jainism)
• Jainism and non-creationism

References

• Johnson, Helen M. (1931), Munisuvratanathacaritra (Book 6.7 of the Trishashti Shalaka Purusha Caritra), Baroda Oriental Institute
• Jain, Vijay K. (2015), Acarya Samantabhadra's Svayambhustotra: Adoration of The Twenty-four Tirthankara, Vikalp Printers, ISBN 978-81-903639-7-6, archived from the original on 16 September 2015, This article incorporates text from this source, which is in the public domain. {{citation}}: Unknown parameter |deadurl= ignored (|url-status= suggested) (help)
• Sarasvati, Swami Dayananda (1970), An English translation of the Satyarth Prakash, Swami Dayananda Sarasvati
• Tukol, T. K. (1980), Compendium of Jainism, Dharwad: University of Karnataka
• Zvelebil, Kamil (1992), Companion Studies to the History of Tamil Literature, Netherlands, ISBN 90-04-09365-6{{citation}}: CS1 maint: location missing publisher (link)
• Tandon, Om Prakash (2002) [1968], Jaina Shrines in India (1 ed.), New Delhi: Publications Division, Ministry of Information and Broadcasting, Government of India, ISBN 81-230-1013-3