1984 United States Senate elections
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Class 2 (33 of the 100) seats in the United States Senate 51 seats needed for a majority | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
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Results Democratic gain Democratic hold Republican gain Republican hold | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
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The United States Senate elections, 1984 coincided with the landslide re-election of President Ronald Reagan in the presidential election. In spite of the lopsided presidential race, Reagan's Republican Party suffered a net loss of two Senate seats to the Democrats, although it retained control of the Senate and gained seats in the House.
Results summary
Parties | Incum bents |
This election |
Result | +/- | Popular Vote | |||
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Not up | Won | Vote | % | |||||
Democratic | 45 | 31 | 16 | 47 | 2 | 23,079,278 | 49.82% | |
Republican | 55 | 36 | 17 | 53 | 2 | 22,850,493 | 49.33% | |
Libertarian | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 160,798 | 0.35% | ||
Others | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 232,231 | 0.50% | ||
Total | 100 | 67 | 33 | 100 | 46,322,800 | 100.0% |
Source: Election Statistics - Office of the Clerk
53 | 47 |
Republican | Democratic |
Change in Senate composition
Before the elections
D1 | D2 | D3 | D4 | D5 | D6 | D7 | D8 | D9 | D10 |
D20 | D19 | D18 | D17 | D16 | D15 | D14 | D13 | D12 | D11 |
D21 | D22 | D23 | D24 | D25 | D26 | D27 | D28 | D29 | D30 |
D40 Ran |
D39 Ran |
D38 Ran |
D37 Ran |
D36 Ran |
D35 Ran |
D34 Ran |
D33 Ran |
D32 Ran |
D31 |
D41 Ran |
D42 Ran |
D43 Ran |
D44 Retired |
D45 Retired |
R55 Retired |
R54 Retired |
R53 Ran |
R52 Ran |
R51 Ran |
Majority → | |||||||||
R41 Ran |
R42 Ran |
R43 Ran |
R44 Ran |
R45 Ran |
R46 Ran |
R47 Ran |
R48 Ran |
R49 Ran |
R50 Ran |
R40 Ran |
R39 Ran |
R38 Ran |
R37 Ran |
R36 | R35 | R34 | R33 | R32 | R31 |
R21 | R22 | R23 | R24 | R25 | R26 | R27 | R28 | R29 | R30 |
R20 | R19 | R18 | R17 | R16 | R15 | R14 | R13 | R12 | R11 |
R1 | R2 | R3 | R4 | R5 | R6 | R7 | R8 | R9 | R10 |
After the elections
D1 | D2 | D3 | D4 | D5 | D6 | D7 | D8 | D9 | D10 |
D20 | D19 | D18 | D17 | D16 | D15 | D14 | D13 | D12 | D11 |
D21 | D22 | D23 | D24 | D25 | D26 | D27 | D28 | D29 | D30 |
D40 Re-elected |
D39 Re-elected |
D38 Re-elected |
D37 Re-elected |
D36 Re-elected |
D35 Re-elected |
D34 Re-elected |
D33 Re-elected |
D32 Re-elected |
D31 |
D41 Re-elected |
D42 Re-elected |
D43 Re-elected |
D44 Hold |
D45 Hold |
D46 Gain |
D47 Gain |
R53 Gain |
R52 Hold |
R51 Re-elected |
Majority → | |||||||||
R41 Re-elected |
R42 Re-elected |
R43 Re-elected |
R44 Re-elected |
R45 Re-elected |
R46 Re-elected |
R47 Re-elected |
R48 Re-elected |
R49 Re-elected |
R50 Re-elected |
R40 Re-elected |
R39 Re-elected |
R38 Re-elected |
R37 Re-elected |
R36 | R35 | R34 | R33 | R32 | R31 |
R21 | R22 | R23 | R24 | R25 | R26 | R27 | R28 | R29 | R30 |
R20 | R19 | R18 | R17 | R16 | R15 | R14 | R13 | R12 | R11 |
R1 | R2 | R3 | R4 | R5 | R6 | R7 | R8 | R9 | R10 |
Key: |
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Race summary
Special elections during the 98th Congress
There were no special elections during 1984 or before January 3, 1985.
Elections leading to the next Congress
In these general elections, the winners were elected for the term beginning January 3, 1985; ordered by state.
All of the elections involved the Class 2 seats.
State (linked to summaries below) |
Incumbent | Results | Candidates | ||
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Senator | Party | Electoral history | |||
Alabama | Howell Heflin | Democratic | 1978 | Incumbent re-elected. | √ Howell Heflin (Democratic) 62.7% Albert L. Smith, Jr. (Republican) 36.4% Yana Davis (Libertarian) 0.9% |
Alaska | Ted Stevens | Republican | 1968 (Appointed) 1970 1972 1978 |
Incumbent re-elected. | √ Ted Stevens (Republican) 71.2% John E. Havelock (Democratic) 28.5% |
Arkansas | David Pryor | Democratic | 1978 | Incumbent re-elected. | √ David Pryor (Democratic) 57.3% Ed Bethune (Republican) 42.7% |
Colorado | William L. Armstrong | Republican | 1978 | Incumbent re-elected. | √ William L. Armstrong (Republican) 64.2% Nancy E. Dick (Democratic) 34.6% Craig Green (Libertarian) 0.9% David Martin (Socialist Workers) 0.2% Earl Higgerson (Prohibition) 0.1% |
Delaware | Joe Biden | Democratic | 1972 1978 |
Incumbent re-elected. | √ Joe Biden (Democratic) 60.1% John M. Burris (Republican) 39.1% |
Georgia | Sam Nunn | Democratic | 1972 (Special) 1972 1978 |
Incumbent re-elected. | √ Sam Nunn (Democratic) 79.9% Jon M. Hicks (Republican) 20.1% |
Idaho | James A. McClure | Republican | 1972 1978 |
Incumbent re-elected. | √ James A. McClure (Republican) 72.2% Peter M. Busch (Democratic) 26.0% Donald Billings (Libertarian) 1.8% |
Illinois | Charles H. Percy | Republican | 1966 1972 1978 |
Incumbent lost re-election. New senator elected. Democratic gain. |
√ Paul Simon (Democratic) 50.1% Charles H. Percy (Republican) 48.2% Steven Givot (Libertarian) 1.2% Marjorie Pries (Citizens) 0.2% Nelson Gonzalez (Socialist Workers) 0.1% Ishmael Flory (Communist) 0.1% |
Iowa | Roger Jepsen | Republican | 1978 | Incumbent lost re-election. New senator elected. Democratic gain. |
√ Tom Harkin (Democratic) 55.5% Roger Jepsen (Republican) 43.7% Garry De Young (Independent) 0.8% |
Kansas | Nancy Landon Kassebaum | Republican | 1978 1978 (Appointed) |
Incumbent re-elected. | √ Nancy Landon Kassebaum (Republican) 76.0% James R. Maher (Democratic) 21.2% Lucille Bieger (Conservative) 0.9% Marian Jackson (American) 0.7% Douglas Merritt (Libertarian) 0.7% Freda Steele (Prohibition) 0.5% |
Kentucky | Walter Huddleston | Democratic | 1972 1978 |
Incumbent lost re-election. New senator elected. Republican gain. |
√ Mitch McConnell (Republican) 49.9% Walter Huddleston (Democratic) 49.5% Dave Welters (Socialist Workers) 0.6% |
Louisiana | J. Bennett Johnston | Democratic | 1972 (Appointed) 1972 1978 |
Incumbent re-elected. | √ Bennett Johnston Jr. (Democratic) 85.7% Robert Max Ross (Republican) 8.9% |
Maine | William Cohen | Republican | 1972 1978 |
Incumbent re-elected. | √ William Cohen (Republican) 73.3% Libby Mitchell (Democratic) 25.9% Ann Stoddard (Constitutionalist) 0.8% |
Massachusetts | Paul Tsongas | Democratic | 1978 | Incumbent retired. New senator elected. Democratic hold. |
√ John Kerry (Democratic) 55.1% Ray Shamie (Republican) 44.9% |
Michigan | Carl Levin | Democratic | 1978 | Incumbent re-elected. | √ Carl Levin (Democratic) 51.8% Jack R. Lousma (Republican) 47.2% |
Minnesota | Rudy Boschwitz | Republican | 1978 1978 (Appointed) |
Incumbent re-elected. | √ Rudy Boschwitz (Republican) 58.1% Joan Growe (Democratic) 41.3% |
Mississippi | Thad Cochran | Republican | 1978 1978 (Appointed) |
Incumbent re-elected. | √ Thad Cochran (Republican) 60.9% William Winter (Democratic) 39.1% |
Montana | Max Baucus | Democratic | 1978 1978 (Appointed) |
Incumbent re-elected. | √ Max Baucus (Democratic) 56.9% Chuck Cozzens (Republican) 40.7% Neil Halprin (Libertarian) 2.4% |
Nebraska | J. James Exon | Democratic | 1978 | Incumbent re-elected. | √ J. James Exon (Democratic) 51.9% Nancy Hoch (Republican) 48.0% |
New Hampshire | Gordon J. Humphrey | Republican | 1978 | Incumbent re-elected. | √ Gordon J. Humphrey (Republican) 58.7% Norman D'Amours (Democratic) 41.0% Saunder Primack (Libertarian) 0.3% |
New Jersey | Bill Bradley | Democratic | 1978 | Incumbent re-elected. | √ Bill Bradley (Democratic) 64.2% Mary V. Mochary (Republican) 35.2% |
New Mexico | Pete Domenici | Republican | 1972 1978 |
Incumbent re-elected. | √ Pete Domenici (Republican) 71.9% Judith A. Pratt (Democratic) 28.1% |
North Carolina | Jesse Helms | Republican | 1972 1978 |
Incumbent re-elected. | √ Jesse Helms (Republican) 51.7% Jim Hunt (Democratic) 47.8% |
Oklahoma | David L. Boren | Democratic | 1978 | Incumbent re-elected. | √ David L. Boren (Democratic) 75.6% Will E. Crozier (Republican) 23.4% Robert Murphy (Libertarian) 0.9% |
Oregon | Mark Hatfield | Republican | 1966 1972 1978 |
Incumbent re-elected. | √ Mark Hatfield (Republican) 66.5% Margie Hendriksen (Democratic) 33.4% |
Rhode Island | Claiborne Pell | Democratic | 1960 1966 1972 1978 |
Incumbent re-elected. | √ Claiborne Pell (Democratic) 72.6% Barbara Leonard (Republican) 27.4% |
South Carolina | Strom Thurmond | Republican | 1954 1954 (Appointed) 1956 (Resigned) 1956 (Special) 1960 1966 1972 1978 |
Incumbent re-elected. | √ Strom Thurmond (Republican) 66.8% Melvin Purvis, Jr. (Democratic) 31.8% |
South Dakota | Larry Pressler | Republican | 1978 | Incumbent re-elected. | √ Larry Pressler (Republican) 74.5% George V. Cunningham (Democratic) 25.5% |
Tennessee | Howard Baker | Republican | 1966 1972 1978 |
Incumbent retired. New senator elected. Democratic gain. |
√ Al Gore (Democratic) 60.7% Victor Ashe (Republican) 33.8% Ed McAteer (Independent) 5.3% |
Texas | John Tower | Republican | 1961 (Special) 1966 1972 1978 |
Incumbent retired. New senator elected. Republican hold. |
√ Phil Gramm (Republican) 58.5% Lloyd Doggett (Democratic) 41.4% |
Virginia | John Warner | Republican | 1978 1979 (Appointed) |
Incumbent re-elected. | √ John Warner (Republican) 70.0% Edythe C. Harrison (Democratic) 29.9% |
West Virginia | Jennings Randolph | Democratic | 1958 (Special) 1960 1966 1972 1978 |
Incumbent retired. New senator elected. Democratic hold. Winner delayed term until January 15, 1985 to finish term as Governor of West Virginia. |
√ Jay Rockefeller (Democratic) 51.8% John Raese (Republican) 47.7% Mary Radin (Socialist Workers) 0.5% |
Wyoming | Alan K. Simpson | Republican | 1978 1979 (Appointed) |
Incumbent re-elected. | √ Alan K. Simpson (Republican) 78.3% Victor A. Ryan (Democratic) 21.7% |
Special elections during the 99th Congress
There were no special elections in 1985 after January 3.
Alabama
This section needs expansion. You can help by adding to it. (September 2017) |
Alaska
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Incumbent Republican Ted Stevens sought re-election to a third term. Owing to his popularity and the conservative bent of Alaska, Stevens did not face major opposition, and easily defeated former Alaska Attorney General John Havelock in the general election.
Party | Candidate | Votes | % | |
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Republican | Ted Stevens (incumbent) | 65,522 | 69.22% | |
Democratic | John Havelock | 19,074 | 20.15% | |
Democratic | Dave Carlson | 4,620 | 4.88% | |
Republican | Michael Beasley | 2,443 | 2.58% | |
Democratic | Joe Tracanna | 1,661 | 1.75% | |
Democratic | Phil Stoddard | 1,331 | 1.41% | |
Total votes | 94,651 | 100.00% |
Party | Candidate | Votes | % | ±% | |
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Republican | Ted Stevens (Incumbent) | 146,919 | 71.17% | −4.42% | |
Democratic | John E. Havelock | 58,804 | 28.49% | +4.39% | |
Write-ins | 715 | 0.35% | |||
Majority | 88,115 | 42.68% | −8.81% | ||
Turnout | 206,438 | ||||
Republican hold | Swing |
Arkansas
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Incumbent Democrat David Pryor won re-election to a second term over Republican U.S. Representative Ed Bethune.
Party | Candidate | Votes | % | |
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Democratic | David Pryor (Incumbent) | 502,341 | 57.35% | |
Republican | Ed Bethune | 373,615 | 42.65% | |
Majority | 128,726 | 14.70% | ||
Turnout | 875,956 | |||
Democratic hold |
Colorado
This section needs expansion. You can help by adding to it. (September 2017) |
Delaware
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County results | |||||||||||||||||
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Incumbent Democrat Joe Biden won re-election to a third term, defeating Republican challenger John M. Burris, former Majority Leader of the Delaware House of Representatives.
Party | Candidate | Votes | % | ±% | |
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Democratic | Joe Biden (Incumbent) | 147,831 | 60.11% | +2.15% | |
Republican | John M. Burris | 98,101 | 39.89% | −1.13% | |
Majority | 49,730 | 20.22% | +3.28% | ||
Turnout | 245,932 | ||||
Democratic hold | Swing |
Georgia
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County results | |||||||||||||||||
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Incumbent Democrat Sam Nunn won re-election to a third term over Republican educator, Mike Hicks[4][5]
Party | Candidate | Votes | % | ±% | |
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Democratic | Sam Nunn | 1,344,104 | 79.94% | −3.19% | |
Republican | Mike Hicks | 337,196 | 20.06% | +3.19% | |
Majority | 1,006,908 | 59.88% | −6.39% | ||
Turnout | 1,681,300 |
Idaho
This section needs expansion. You can help by adding to it. (September 2017) |
Illinois
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Incumbent Republican Charles H. Percy ran for re-election to a fourth term in the United States Senate. Senator Percy was opposed by Democratic nominee Paul Simon, who was a United States Congressman from Illinois's 22nd congressional district. The campaign between Percy and Simon was brutal and toughly-fought, and ended up with Simon ousting Percy by fewer than 90,000 votes, which was, at the time, considered an upset.
The election was very close. Simon prevailed by only 89,126 votes, or 1.86%. Incumbent Percy did well all throughout the state, including the Chicago collar counties. However, Simon received huge numbers out of the heavily populated and Democratic Cook County, which encompasses most of the Chicago Metropolitan Area. Percy led early on and well into the night, but as Cook County began to count all of its votes, Simon pulled ahead. Simon won despite then-president Reagan winning the state easily. Percy called Simon at around 5 A.M. the next day and conceded. Percy also congratulated Simon on his hard-earned victory. Simon was sworn in on January 3, 1985, and served in the senate until January 3, 1997, when he retired. Simon was later succeeded by Dick Durbin, a close friend and fellow Democrat.
Party | Candidate | Votes | % | ±% | |
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Democratic | Paul Simon | 2,397,165 | 50.07% | +4.60% | |
Republican | Charles H. Percy (Incumbent) | 2,308,039 | 48.21% | −5.13% | |
Libertarian | Steve I. Givot | 59,777 | 1.25% | +0.74% | |
Independent | Marjorie H. Pries | 12,366 | 0.26% | ||
Socialist Workers | Nelson Gonzalez | 4,913 | 0.10% | −0.40% | |
Communist | Ishmael Flory | 4,802 | 0.10% | ||
Write-ins | 273 | 0.01% | |||
Majority | 89,126 | 1.86% | −6.00% | ||
Turnout | 4,787,335 | ||||
Democratic gain from Republican | Swing |
Iowa
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Incumbent Republican Roger Jepsen ran for re-election to a second term in the United States Senate. Jepsen was opposed by United States Congressman Tom Harkin, from Iowa's 5th congressional district, who won the Democratic primary uncontested. The general election was full of mudslinging and personal attacks, including the embellishment by both candidates of their military records; Harkin attacked Jepsen for failing to keep his promise to not sell AWACS aircraft to Saudi Arabia.[6] Ultimately, Harkin defeated Jepsen by a wide margin, winning the first of five terms in the Senate.
Party | Candidate | Votes | % | |
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Democratic | Tom Harkin | 106,005 | 99.93% | |
Democratic | Write-ins | 70 | 0.07% | |
Total votes | 106,075 | 100.00% |
Party | Candidate | Votes | % | |
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Republican | Roger Jepsen (Incumbent) | 113,996 | 99.87% | |
Republican | Write-ins | 147 | 0.13% | |
Total votes | 114,143 | 100.00% |
Party | Candidate | Votes | % | ±% | |
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Democratic | Tom Harkin | 716,883 | 55.46% | +7.54% | |
Republican | Roger Jepsen (Incumbent) | 564,381 | 43.66% | −7.47% | |
Independent | Garry De Young | 11,014 | 0.85% | ||
Write-ins | 422 | 0.03% | |||
Majority | 152,502 | 11.80% | +8.58% | ||
Turnout | 1,292,700 | ||||
Democratic gain from Republican | Swing |
Kansas
This section needs expansion. You can help by adding to it. (September 2017) |
Kentucky
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County results | |||||||||||||||||
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Incumbent Democrat Walter Huddleston ran for re-election to a third term, but lost by less than 0.5% to Jefferson County Executive Mitch McConnell.
Huddleston was unopposed in the Democratic Party's primary.
Party | Candidate | Votes | % | |
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Republican | Mitch McConnell | 39,465 | 79.22% | |
Republican | C. Roger Harker | 3,798 | 7.62% | |
Republican | Tommy Klein | 3,352 | 6.73% | |
Republican | Thurman Jerome Hamlin | 3,202 | 6.43% | |
Total votes | 49,817 | 100.00% |
Party | Candidate | Votes | % | ±% | |
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Republican | Mitch McConnell | 644,990 | 49.90% | +13.03% | |
Democratic | Walter Huddleston (Incumbent) | 639,821 | 49.50% | −11.48% | |
Socialist Workers | Dave Welters | 7,696 | 0.60% | ||
Majority | 5,269 | 0.41% | −23.70% | ||
Turnout | 1,292,407 | ||||
Republican gain from Democratic | Swing |
Louisiana
This section needs expansion. You can help by adding to it. (September 2017) |
Maine
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Incumbent Republican William Cohen won re-election to a second term over Democrat Libby Mitchell, State Representative.
Party | Candidate | Votes | % | |
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Republican | William Cohen (Incumbent) | 404,414 | 73.34% | |
Democratic | Libby Mitchell | 142,626 | 25.87% | |
Constitutionalist | P. Ann Stoddard | 4,338 | 0.79% |
Massachusetts
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Results by town. Red indicates towns carried by Ray Shamie, blue indicates towns carried by John Kerry. | |||||||||||||||||
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The election was won by Democrat John Kerry, the Lieutenant Governor of Massachusetts who remained Senator until 2013 when he resigned to become U.S. Secretary of State. One-term incumbent Paul Tsongas declined to seek re-election and retired from the Senate following a battle with cancer.
Party | Candidate | Votes | % | |
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Democratic | John Kerry | 322,470 | 40.83% | |
Democratic | James Shannon | 297,941 | 37.72% | |
Democratic | David M. Bartley | 85,910 | 10.88% | |
Democratic | Michael Connolly | 82,999 | 10.51% | |
All others | 502 | 0.06% |
Party | Candidate | Votes | % | |
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Republican | Ray Shamie | 173,851 | 62.38% | |
Republican | Elliot Richardson | 104,761 | 37.59% | |
All others | 70 | 0.03% |
Party | Candidate | Votes | % | |
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Democratic | John Kerry | 1,393,150 | 55.06% | |
Republican | Ray Shamie | 1,136,913 | 44.94% | |
All others | 408 | 0.02% | ||
Turnout | 2,530,063 |
Michigan
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Incumbent Democrat Carl Levin won re-election to a second term.
Party | Candidate | Votes | % | |
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Democratic | Carl Levin (Incumbent) | 1,915,831 | 51.8% | |
Republican | Jack Lousma | 1,745,302 | 47.2% | |
Tisch Citizens | Arthur Richard Tisch | 22,882 | 0.6% | |
Libertarian | Lynn Johnston | 7,786 | 0.2% | |
Socialist | Helen Meyers | 2,686 | 0.1% | |
Workers World | William Roundtree | 2,279 | 0.1% | |
Independent | Max Dean | 2,135 | 0.1% | |
Communist | Samuel L. Webb | 1,196 | 0.0% | |
Workers League | Fred Mazelis | 818 | 0.0% |
Minnesota
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Incumbent Republican Rudy Boschwitz defeated Democratic challenger Joan Growe, Secretary of State of Minnesota.
Party | Candidate | Votes | % | |
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Republican | Rudy Boschwitz | 1,199,926 | 58.08% | |
Democratic | Joan Growe | 852,844 | 41.28% | |
Socialist Workers | Eleanor Garcia | 5,351 | 0.26% | |
New Union Party | Jeffrey M. Miller | 4,653 | 0.23% | |
Libertarian | Richard Putman | 3,129 | 0.15% |
Mississippi
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Incumbent Republican Thad Cochran won re-election to a second term over Democratic Governor William Winter.
Party | Candidate | Votes | % | |
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Republican | Thad Cochran | 580,314 | 60.9% | |
Democratic | William Winter | 371,926 | 39.1% |
Montana
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Incumbent Max Baucus ran for re-election. He easily won renomination in the Democratic primary, and advanced to the general election, where he faced Chuck Cozzens, a former State Representative and the Republican nominee. Despite President Ronald Reagan's strong performance in the state that year, Baucus was able to easily win a second term over Cozzens.
Party | Candidate | Votes | % | |
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Democratic | Max Baucus (Incumbent) | 80,726 | 79.37% | |
Democratic | Bob Ripley | 20,979 | 20.63% | |
Total votes | 101,705 | 100.00% |
Party | Candidate | Votes | % | |
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Republican | Chuck Cozzens | 33,661 | 50.78% | |
Republican | Ralph Bouma | 17,900 | 27.00% | |
Republican | Aubyn Curtiss | 14,729 | 22.22% | |
Total votes | 66,290 | 100.00% |
Party | Candidate | Votes | % | ±% | |
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Democratic | Max Baucus (Incumbent) | 215,704 | 56.89% | +1.20% | |
Republican | Chuck Cozzens | 154,308 | 40.70% | −3.61% | |
Libertarian | Neil Haprin | 9,143 | 2.41% | ||
Majority | 61,396 | 16.19% | +4.81% | ||
Turnout | 379,155 | ||||
Democratic hold | Swing |
Nebraska
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Incumbent Democrat J. James Exon won re-election to a second term over Democratic businesswoman Nancy Hoch.
Party | Candidate | Votes | % | ±% | |
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Democratic | J. James Exon (Incumbent) | 332,217 | 51.94% | −15.72% | |
Republican | Nancy Hoch | 307,147 | 48.02% | +15.67% | |
Write-ins | 304 | 0.05% | |||
Majority | 25,070 | 3.92% | −31.40% | ||
Turnout | 639,668 | ||||
Democratic hold | Swing |
New Hampshire
This section needs expansion. You can help by adding to it. (September 2017) |
New Jersey
This section needs expansion. You can help by adding to it. (September 2017) |
New Mexico
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County results | |||||||||||||||||
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Incumbent Republican Pete Domenici successfully ran for re-election to a third term, defeating Democrat Judith Pratt.
Party | Candidate | Votes | % | |
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Democratic | Judith Pratt | 67,722 | 45.50% | |
Democratic | Nick Franklin | 56,434 | 37.91% | |
Democratic | Anselmo A. Chavez | 24,694 | 16.59% | |
Majority | 11,288 | 7.58% | ||
Total votes | 148,850 | 100.00% |
Party | Candidate | Votes | % | |
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Republican | Pete Domenici (Incumbent) | 361,371 | 71.90% | |
Democratic | Judith Pratt | 141,253 | 28.10% | |
N/A | Others | 10 | 0.00% | |
Majority | 220,118 | 43.79% | ||
Total votes | 502,634 | 100.00% | ||
Republican hold |
North Carolina
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The election was fought between the Republican incumbent Jesse Helms and Democratic Governor Jim Hunt. Helms won the election, the most expensive non-presidential election in United States history up to that point, by a margin significantly reduced from that that Helms achieved in 1978.
Party | Candidate | Votes | % | |
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Republican | Jesse Helms | 134,675 | 90.65% | |
Republican | George Wimbish | 13,799 | 9.35% | |
Turnout | 148,574 |
Party | Candidate | Votes | % | |
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Democratic | Jim Hunt | 655,429 | 77.48% | |
Democratic | Thomas Allred | 126,841 | 14.99% | |
Democratic | Harrill Jones | 63,676 | 7.53% | |
Turnout | 845,946 |
Hunt had a commanding lead in opinion polls for much of the campaign, with one poll in 1983 putting him nineteen points clear of Helms.[18] However, that was changed by the most bitterly contested election in the country that year.[18] Hunt ran a campaign ad connecting Helms to death squads in El Salvador through his association with the Nationalist Republican Alliance, for whom Roberto d'Aubuisson had recently run for the President of El Salvador.[18] In the short time before election day, however, the highly popular incumbent US President Ronald Reagan gave Helms a significant boost[19] by campaigning for him and running a local TV ad praising Helms and asking registered voters in North Carolina to re-elect him.[20]
The election cost a total of $26,379,483 in total reported spending (over twelve times as much as the 1980 race), of which, 64% ($16.9m) was spent by Helms.[21]
Party | Candidate | Votes | % | |
---|---|---|---|---|
Republican | Jesse Helms | 1,156,768 | 51.7% | |
Democratic | Jim Hunt | 1,070,488 | 47.8% | |
Libertarian | Bobby Emory | 9,302 | 0.4% | |
Socialist Workers | Kate Daher | 2,493 | 0.1% | |
Turnout | 2,239,051 |
Voters Education Project (VEP) in Atlanta study showed that Helms received 63 percent of the white vote and was particularly successful in small towns and rural areas, while receiving less than 1 percent of the black vote in 35 almost-all-black precincts.[22] "Hunt got 37 percent of the white and 98.8 percent of the black vote, according to VEP. But only 61 percent of registered blacks voted, down from 63 percent in 1980."[22] While, It had among the lowest industrial wages in the United States and was third in terms of mobile homes.[22]
Oklahoma
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Oregon
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Rhode Island
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Incumbent Democrat Claiborne Pell successfully sought re-election, defeating Republican Barbara M. Leonard.
Party | Candidate | Votes | % | |
---|---|---|---|---|
Democratic | Claiborne Pell (Incumbent) | 285,811 | 72.66% | |
Republican | Barbara Leonard | 107,545 | 27.34% | |
Majority | 178,266 | 45.32% | ||
Total votes | 393,356 | 100.00% | ||
Democratic hold |
South Carolina
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Popular incumbent Republican Strom Thurmond cruised to re-election against Democratic challenger Melvin Purvis. Melvin Purvis, a white minister and the son of famous FBI agent Melvin Purvis, won a close race against black photographer Cecil J. Williams. The closeness of the race and the fact that the black candidate did not win propelled Jesse Jackson to request a Justice Department investigation into the primary and he also considered an independent bid for the seat. Governor Richard Riley and 3rd district Representative Butler Derrick flirted with running, but backed down when Thurmond received endorsements from prominent Democrats in South Carolina.
Democratic Primary | ||
---|---|---|
Candidate | Votes | % |
Melvin Purvis | 149,730 | 50.2% |
Cecil J. Williams | 148,586 | 49.8% |
Senator Strom Thurmond easily defeated Robert Cunningham to advance to the general election.
Republican Primary | ||
---|---|---|
Candidate | Votes | % |
Strom Thurmond | 44,662 | 94.3% |
Robert H. Cunningham | 2,693 | 5.7% |
Thurmond received endorsements from former Democratic governor Robert Evander McNair, Charleston mayor Joseph P. Riley, Jr., and an assortment of black mayors in the state. He did not face a serious challenge and spent almost $1.5 million on the race whereas Purvis spent less than $10,000. An ironic footnote to the election is the fact that Purvis used Thurmond's age as an issue in the campaign. He claimed Thurmond was too old, yet Purvis died less than two years after the election of a heart attack at age 46.
#E81B23Party | Candidate | Votes | % | ±% | |
---|---|---|---|---|---|
Republican | Strom Thurmond | 644,814 | 66.8% | +11.2% | |
Democratic | Melvin Purvis | 306,982 | 31.8% | −12.6% | |
Libertarian | Stephen Davis | 13,323 | 1.4% | +1.4% | |
No party | Write-Ins | 335 | 0.0% | 0.0% | |
Majority | 337,832 | 35.0% | +23.8% | ||
Turnout | 965,454 | 68.7% | +11.0% | ||
Republican hold |
South Dakota
This section needs expansion. You can help by adding to it. (September 2017) |
Tennessee
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County results | |||||||||||||||||
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Three-term popular incumbent Howard Baker, who had served as United States Senate Majority Leader since 1981 (Minority Leader from 1977 to 1981) decided not to seek re-election in order to concentrate on a planned bid for 1988 Republican presidential nomination (which did not happen, as he later accepted a White House Chief of Staff position under President Ronald Reagan). This made a seat open.
Democrats nominated Representative and future Vice President of the United States Al Gore, whose father Albert Gore, Sr. once held the other Tennessee Senate seat.
Party | Candidate | Votes | % | |
---|---|---|---|---|
Democratic | Al Gore | 476,582 | 100.00% | |
Total votes | 476,582 | 100.00% |
In the Republican primary, held on August 2, Ashe easily emerged as a winner:[23]
- Ashe - 145,744 (86.47%)
- McNeil - 17,970 (10.66%)
- Patty - 4,777 (2.83%)
- Write-in - 49 (0.03%)
Although the Senate election coincided with the landslide re-election of President Reagan, who carried Tennessee by a wide margin, this time his victory did not have any coattails, as it did in 1980, and Democrats picked up three Republican seats. One of the Democratic gains was in Tennessee, where conservative democrat Gore won in a landslide:[24]
Party | Candidate | Votes | % | |
---|---|---|---|---|
Democratic | Al Gore | 1,000,607 | 60.72% | |
Republican | Victor Ashe | 557,016 | 33.80% | |
Independent | Ed McAteer | 87,234 | 5.29% | |
Independent | Khalil-Ullah Al-Muhaymin | 3,179 | 0.19% |
Texas
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Incumbent Republican John G. Tower decided to retire, instead of seeking a fifth term. Republican Phil Gramm won the open seat over Democratic State Senator Lloyd Doggett.
The Democratic primary was 45% Hispanic, but included many moderate to conservative voters. Hance positioned himself as the most moderate to conservative candidate, who co-sponsored President Ronald Reagan's tax package.[25] Doggett was the more liberal candidate, attacking Reaganomics and getting endorsements from the Texas teachers' union and Agriculture Commissioner Jim Hightower.[26] Krueger was seen as the front runner and was a moderate who supported the state's oil and gas industry, but had close ties with the Hispanic community because he was Spanish-speaking.[27] Hance attacked both Kroeger and Doggett for supporting amnesty for illegal aliens and supporting gay rights.[28] The initial primary was extremely close between the top three candidates. Each candidate got 31% of the electorate. Hance ranked first, only 273 votes ahead of Doggett and 1,560 votes ahead of Krueger.
Since no candidate passed the 50% threshold, Hance and Doggett qualified for the run-off election. Hance fired his pollster despite ranking first.[29] Krueger endorsed fellow U.S. Congressman Hance, saying "Ultimately, the quality of one's public service depends upon the character that one displays in filling an office."[30][31] In the June election, Doggett very narrowly defeated Hance by just 1,345 votes.
- Initial election in May 5, 1984
Party | Candidate | Votes | % | |
---|---|---|---|---|
Democratic | Kent Hance | 456,446 | 31.2% | |
Democratic | Lloyd Doggett | 456,173 | 31.2% | |
Democratic | Robert Charles Krueger | 454,886 | 31.1% | |
Democratic | David Young | 47,062 | 3.2% | |
Democratic | Robert S. Sullivan | 34,733 | 2.4% | |
Democratic | Harley Schlanger | 14,149 | 1.0% |
- Run-off election on June 2, 1984
Party | Candidate | Votes | % | |
---|---|---|---|---|
Democratic | Lloyd Doggett | 491,251 | 50.1% | |
Democratic | Kent Hance | 489,906 | 49.9% |
The Republican primary was a highly competitive, multimillion-dollar contest.[34] Gramm recently switched parties in 1983, but he was a conservative who supported Reaganomics. Gramm spent $4 million.[35]
Party | Candidate | Votes | % | |
---|---|---|---|---|
Republican | Phil Gramm | 247,280 | 73.3% | |
Republican | Ron Paul | 55,771 | 16.5% | |
Republican | Robert A. Mosbacher Jr. | 26,250 | 7.8% | |
Republican | Hank Grover | 8,055 | 2.5% |
Party | Candidate | Votes | % | |
---|---|---|---|---|
Republican | Phil Gramm | 3,111,348 | 58.6% | |
Democratic | Lloyd Doggett | 2,202,557 | 41.4% |
Virginia
Turnout | 52.4% (voting eligible)[38] | ||||||||||||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
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U.S. Senate election results map. Red denotes counties/districts won by Warner. Blue denotes those won by Harrison. | |||||||||||||||||
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Incumbent Republican John W. Warner won re-election to a second term. He handily defeated Edythe C. Harrison, member of the Virginia House of Delegates[39] the "first woman in Virginia nominated by the Democratic Party for statewide office."[40]
Party | Candidate | Votes | % | ±% | |
---|---|---|---|---|---|
Republican | John Warner (Incumbent) | 1,406,194 | 70.05% | +19.88% | |
Democratic | Edythe C. Harrison | 601,142 | 29.95% | −19.84% | |
Write-ins | 151 | 0.01% | −0.03% | ||
Majority | 805,052 | 40.10% | +39.71% | ||
Turnout | 2,007,487 | ||||
Republican hold |
West Virginia
This section needs expansion. You can help by adding to it. (September 2017) |
Wyoming
This section needs expansion. You can help by adding to it. (September 2017) |
See also
References
- Barone, Michael; Ujifusa, Grant (1985). The Almanac of American Politics 1986: The Senators, the Representatives and the Governors: Their Records and Election Results, Their States and Districts.
- Snider, William D. (1985). Helms and Hunt: The North Carolina Senate Race, 1984. University of North Carolina Press.
- State Election Commission (1985). Report of the South Carolina State Election Commission 1984-1985. Columbia, SC: State Election Commission. p. 62.
- Bass, Jack; Marilyn W. Thompson (1998). Ol' Strom: An Unauthorized Biography of Strom Thurmond. Longstreet. p. 302.
- ^ http://www.elections.alaska.gov/results/84PRIM/84prim.pdf
- ^ a b c d e f g h i Clerk of the United States House of Representatives (1985). "Statistics of the Presidential and Congressional Election of November 6, 1984" (PDF). U.S. Government Printing Office.
- ^ General Election Results
- ^ [1][dead link]
- ^ a b http://uselectionatlas.org/RESULTS/state.php?year=1984&off=3&elect=0&fips=13&f=0
- ^ "Down and Dirty - News - The Harvard Crimson". www.thecrimson.com. Retrieved 20 December 2017.
- ^ a b http://sos.iowa.gov/elections/pdf/results/80s/1984primcanv.pdf
- ^ "Kentucky State Board of Elections Welcome to the State Board of Elections". Elect.ky.gov. Retrieved April 4, 2015.
- ^ "Our Campaigns - MA US Senate - D Primary Race - Sep 18, 1984". www.ourcampaigns.com. Retrieved 20 December 2017.
- ^ "Our Campaigns - MA US Senate - R Primary Race - Sep 18, 1984". www.ourcampaigns.com. Retrieved 20 December 2017.
- ^ Parker, Randy; Reporting for Duty (April 9, 2005). "Our Campaigns: MI U.S. Senate". Our Campaigns.
- ^ "Our Campaigns - MN US Senate Race - Nov 06, 1984". www.ourcampaigns.com. Retrieved 20 December 2017.
- ^ "Our Campaigns - MS US Senate Race - Nov 05, 1996". www.ourcampaigns.com. Retrieved 20 December 2017.
- ^ a b "Report of the Official Canvass of the Vote Cast at the Primary Election Held in the State of Montana, June 5, 1984" (PDF). Montana Secretary of State. Retrieved July 2, 2014.
- ^ "NM US Senate - D Primary". OurCampaigns. Retrieved March 16, 2014.
- ^ "NM US Senate". OurCampaigns. Retrieved March 16, 2014.
- ^ a b c "North Carolina DataNet #46" (PDF). University of North Carolina. April 2008. Retrieved June 12, 2009.
{{cite web}}
: Unknown parameter|deadurl=
ignored (|url-status=
suggested) (help) - ^ a b c Joseph N., Boyce; Lamar, Jacob V. (September 24, 1984). "The Old South vs. the New". Time. Retrieved June 10, 2009.
- ^ http://www.unctv.org/U.S. Senatorno/peopleevents/events1.html
- ^ Kenneth Salt (1 February 2009). "Ronald Reagan ad for Jesse Helms during 1984 election". Retrieved 20 December 2017 – via YouTube.
- ^ "North Carolina DataNet #25" (PDF). University of North Carolina. Retrieved June 12, 2009.
- ^ a b c Bill Peterson (November 18, 1984), "Jesse Helms' Lesson for Washington", The Washington Post, retrieved January 16, 2017
- ^ "Our Campaigns - TN US Senate- R Primary Race - Aug 02, 1984". www.ourcampaigns.com. Retrieved 20 December 2017.
- ^ "Our Campaigns - TN US Senate Race - Nov 06, 1984". www.ourcampaigns.com. Retrieved 20 December 2017.
- ^ "Conservative Holds Lead in Texas Senate Primary". 3 June 1984. Retrieved 20 December 2017 – via NYTimes.com.
- ^ "The Victoria Advocate - Google News Archive Search". google.com.
- ^ "Kentucky New Era - Google News Archive Search". google.com.
- ^ "Mid Cities Daily News - Google News Archive Search". google.com.
- ^ "The Bonham Daily Favorite - Google News Archive Search". google.com.
- ^ AP (1 June 1984). "CAMPAIGN ; Krueger Backs Hance In Democratic Runoff". Retrieved 20 December 2017 – via NYTimes.com.
- ^ "The Victoria Advocate - Google News Archive Search". google.com.
- ^ "Our Campaigns - TX US Senate - D Primary Race - May 05, 1984". ourcampaigns.com.
- ^ "Our Campaigns - TX US Senate - D Runoff Race - Jun 02, 1984". ourcampaigns.com.
- ^ "Daily Times - Google News Archive Search". google.com.
- ^ "The Victoria Advocate - Google News Archive Search". google.com.
- ^ "Gramm Voices Surprise". The Victoria Advocate. May 6, 1984.
- ^ "Our Campaigns - TX US Senate Race - Nov 06, 1990". ourcampaigns.com.
- ^ Dr. Michael McDonald (March 25, 2013). "Turnout 1980-2012". George Mason University. Retrieved April 3, 2013.
- ^ Virginia Women in History,
- ^ "Edythe C. Harrison Papers, 1961-1993 - Special Collections and University Archives". www.lib.odu.edu. Retrieved 20 December 2017.
- ^ http://uselectionatlas.org/RESULTS/state.php?fips=51&year=1984&f=0&elect=0&off=3