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'''AMPA''' (2-amino-3-(5-methyl-3-oxo-1,2-
'''AMPA''' (2-amino-3-(5-methyl-3-oxo-1,2-
oxazol-4-yl)propanoic acid) is a [[Chemical compound|compound]] that is a specific [[agonist]] for the [[AMPA receptor]], where it mimics the effects of the [[neurotransmitter]] [[glutamate]].<ref name="Purves">{{cite book | author = Purves, Dale, George J. Augustine, David Fitzpatrick, William C. Hall, Anthony-Samuel LaMantia, James O. McNamara, and Leonard E. White | title = Neuroscience. 4th ed. | publisher = Sinauer Associates | pages = 128–33 | year = 2008 | id = ISBN 978-0-87893-697-7}}</ref>
oxazol-4-yl)propanoic acid) is a [[Chemical compound|compound]] that is a specific [[agonist]] for the [[AMPA receptor]], where it mimics the effects of the [[neurotransmitter]] [[glutamate]].<ref name=Purves2008>{{cite book|author=Purves, Dale, George J. Augustine, David Fitzpatrick, William C. Hall, Anthony-Samuel LaMantia, James O. McNamara, and Leonard E. White|title=Neuroscience. 4th ed.|publisher=Sinauer Associates|pages=128–33|year=2008|isbn=978-0-87893-697-7}}</ref>


There are two broad categories of [[glutamate receptors]]: [[ionotropic]] receptors and [[metabotropic]] receptors. Ionotropic glutamate receptors are [[ligand gated ion channel]]s whose agonists include AMPA, [[Kainate]] and [[NMDA]]. Metabotropic receptors are [[G-protein coupled receptor]]s and are separated into individual classes. In the [[Chemical synapse|synapse]], these two classes of receptors serve very different purposes. AMPA can be used experimentally to distinguish the activity of one receptor from the other in order to understand their differing functions. AMPA generates fast [[excitatory postsynaptic potential]]s (EPSP).<ref name="Purves" />
There are two broad categories of [[glutamate receptors]]: [[ionotropic]] receptors and [[metabotropic]] receptors. Ionotropic glutamate receptors are [[ligand gated ion channel]]s whose agonists include AMPA, [[Kainate]] and [[NMDA]]. Metabotropic receptors are [[G-protein coupled receptor]]s and are separated into individual classes. In the [[Chemical synapse|synapse]], these two classes of receptors serve very different purposes. AMPA can be used experimentally to distinguish the activity of one receptor from the other in order to understand their differing functions.<ref name=Dinh2009>{{cite journal|last1=Dinh|first1=L|coauthors=Nguyen T, Salgado H, Atzori M|title=Norepinephrine homogeneously inhibits alpha-amino-3-hydroxyl-5-methyl-4-isoxazole-propionate- (AMPAR-) mediated currents in all layers of the temporal cortex of the rat|journal=Neurochem Res|volume=34|issue=11|pages=1896–906|year=2009|pmid=19357950|doi=10.1007/s11064-009-9966-z}}</ref> AMPA generates fast [[excitatory postsynaptic potential]]s (EPSP).<ref name=Purves2008/> AMPA receptors are non-specific cationic channels allowing the passage of Sodium and Potassium. The glutamate receptor also is permeable to calcium if it is lacking the GluA2 subunit.
AMPA receptors are non-specific cationic channels allowing the passage of Sodium and Potassium. The glutamate receptor also is permeable to calcium if it is lacking the GluA2 subunit.


==References==
==References==

{{reflist}}
{{reflist}}


Revision as of 01:35, 2 July 2011

AMPA
Names
IUPAC names
2-amino-3-(5-methyl-3-oxo-1,2-
oxazol-4-yl)propanoic acid
Identifiers
3D model (JSmol)
ChEMBL
ChemSpider
MeSH AMPA
  • InChI=1/C7H10N2O4/c1-3-4(6(10)9-13-3)2-5(8)7(11)12/h5H,2,8H2,1H3,(H,9,10)(H,11,12)
    Key: UUDAMDVQRQNNHZ-UHFFFAOYAT
  • O=C1/C(=C(\ON1)C)CC(N)C(=O)O
Properties
C7H10N2O4
Molar mass 186.17 g/mol
Except where otherwise noted, data are given for materials in their standard state (at 25 °C [77 °F], 100 kPa).
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AMPA (2-amino-3-(5-methyl-3-oxo-1,2- oxazol-4-yl)propanoic acid) is a compound that is a specific agonist for the AMPA receptor, where it mimics the effects of the neurotransmitter glutamate.[1]

There are two broad categories of glutamate receptors: ionotropic receptors and metabotropic receptors. Ionotropic glutamate receptors are ligand gated ion channels whose agonists include AMPA, Kainate and NMDA. Metabotropic receptors are G-protein coupled receptors and are separated into individual classes. In the synapse, these two classes of receptors serve very different purposes. AMPA can be used experimentally to distinguish the activity of one receptor from the other in order to understand their differing functions.[2] AMPA generates fast excitatory postsynaptic potentials (EPSP).[1] AMPA receptors are non-specific cationic channels allowing the passage of Sodium and Potassium. The glutamate receptor also is permeable to calcium if it is lacking the GluA2 subunit.

References

  1. ^ a b Purves, Dale, George J. Augustine, David Fitzpatrick, William C. Hall, Anthony-Samuel LaMantia, James O. McNamara, and Leonard E. White (2008). Neuroscience. 4th ed. Sinauer Associates. pp. 128–33. ISBN 978-0-87893-697-7.{{cite book}}: CS1 maint: multiple names: authors list (link)
  2. ^ Dinh, L (2009). "Norepinephrine homogeneously inhibits alpha-amino-3-hydroxyl-5-methyl-4-isoxazole-propionate- (AMPAR-) mediated currents in all layers of the temporal cortex of the rat". Neurochem Res. 34 (11): 1896–906. doi:10.1007/s11064-009-9966-z. PMID 19357950. {{cite journal}}: Unknown parameter |coauthors= ignored (|author= suggested) (help)
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