Cloxacillin
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| Systematic (IUPAC) name | |
| (2S,5R,6R)-6-{[3-(2-chlorophenyl)-5-methyl- oxazole-4-carbonyl]amino}-3,3-dimethyl-7-oxo- 4-thia-1-azabicyclo[3.2.0]heptane-2-carboxylic acid |
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| Clinical data | |
| Trade names | Cloxapen |
| AHFS/Drugs.com | Micromedex Detailed Consumer Information |
| Pregnancy cat. | B (US) |
| Legal status | ? |
| Routes | Oral, IM |
| Pharmacokinetic data | |
| Bioavailability | 37 to 90% |
| Protein binding | 95% |
| Half-life | 30 minutes to 1 hour |
| Excretion | Renal and biliary |
| Identifiers | |
| CAS number | 61-72-3  |
| ATC code | J01CF02 QJ51CF02 QS01AA90 |
| PubChem | CID 6098 |
| DrugBank | DB01147 |
| ChemSpider | 5873 |
| UNII | O6X5QGC2VB |
| KEGG | D07733 |
| ChEBI | CHEBI:49566 |
| ChEMBL | CHEMBL891 |
| Chemical data | |
| Formula | C19H18ClN3O5S |
| Mol. mass | 435.88 g/mol |
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Cloxacillin is a semisynthetic antibiotic in the same class as penicillin. Cloxacillin was discovered and developed by Beecham.[1] It is sold under a number of trade names, including Cloxapen, Cloxacap, Tegopen and Orbenin.
Cloxacillin is used against staphylococci that produce beta-lactamase, due to its large R chain, which does not allow the beta-lactamases to bind.
This drug has a weaker antibacterial activity than benzylpenicillin, and is devoid of serious toxicity except for allergic reactions.
It has been suggested, in one study, that increased use of cloxacillin may permit reduced use of vancomycin.[2]
See also [edit]
References [edit]
- ^ David Greenwood (2008). Antimicrobial drugs: chronicle of a twentieth century medical triumph. Oxford University Press US. pp. 124–. ISBN 978-0-19-953484-5. Retrieved 18 November 2010.
- ^ Lawrence SL, Roth V, Slinger R, Toye B, Gaboury I, Lemyre B (2005). "Cloxacillin versus vancomycin for presumed late-onset sepsis in the Neonatal Intensive Care Unit and the impact upon outcome of coagulase negative staphylococcal bacteremia: a retrospective cohort study". BMC Pediatr 5: 49. doi:10.1186/1471-2431-5-49. PMC 1343548. PMID 16375769.
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