Haplogroup C (mtDNA)

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Haplogroup C
Time of origin	60,000 YBP
Place of origin	Central Asia
Ancestor	CZ
Defining mutations	489 10400 14783 15043[1]

In human mitochondrial genetics, Haplogroup C is a human mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA) haplogroup of characteristic Siberian Lineage.

Contents 1 Origin 2 Distribution 3 Subclades 3.1 Tree 4 Popular Culture 5 References 6 See also 7 External links

[edit] Origin

Haplogroup C is believed to have arisen somewhere between the Caspian Sea and Lake Baikal some 60,000 years before present. It is a descendant of the haplogroup M.

[edit] Distribution

Haplogroup C is found in Northeast Asia^[2] (including Siberia) and is also one of five haplogroups found in the indigenous peoples of the Americas^[2], the others being A, B, D, and X.

[edit] Subclades

[edit] Tree

This phylogenetic tree of haplogroup C subclades is based on the paper by Mannis van Oven and Manfred Kayser Updated comprehensive phylogenetic tree of global human mitochondrial DNA variation^[1] and subsequent published research.

• CZ
  • C
    • C1
      • C1a
      • C1b
        • C1b1
        • C1b2
          • C1b2a
        • C1b3
        • C1b4
        • C1b5
      • C1c
        • C1c1
        • C1c2
      • C1d
    • C4
      • C4a
        • C4a1
          • C4a1a
        • C4a2
      • C4b
        • C4b1
          • C4b1a
        • C4b2
      • C4c
    • C5
      • C5a
    • C7

[edit] Popular Culture

In his popular book The Seven Daughters of Eve, Bryan Sykes named the originator of this mtDNA haplogroup Chochmingwu.

[edit] References

1. ^ ^{a b} van Oven, Mannis; Manfred Kayser (13 Oct 2008). "Updated comprehensive phylogenetic tree of global human mitochondrial DNA variation". Human Mutation 30 (2): E386-E394. PMID 18853457 doi:10.1002/humu.20921. http://www3.interscience.wiley.com/journal/121449735/abstract?CRETRY=1&SRETRY=0. Retrieved on 2009-05-20. 
2. ^ ^{a b} Haplogroup C.

[edit] See also

• Genealogical DNA test
• Genetic Genealogy
• Human mitochondrial genetics
• Population Genetics
• Human mitochondrial DNA haplogroups

Human mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA) haplogroups

most recent common mt-ancestor

L0

L1

L2

L3

L4

L5

L6

L7

M

N

CZ

D

E

G

Q

A

S

R

I

W

X

Y

C

Z

B

F

HV

JT

P

U

H

V

J

T

K

Former Clusters IWX

[edit] External links

• General
  • Ian Logan's Mitochondrial DNA Site
  • Mannis van Oven's Phylotree
• Haplogroup C
  • Spread of Haplogroup C, from National Geographic