National symbols of the Philippines
The national symbols of the Philippines consist of symbols that represent Philippine traditions and ideals and convey the principles of sovereignty and national solidarity.[1] Republic Act 8491, known also as Flag and Heraldic Code of the Philippines, stipulates the code for national flag, anthem, motto, coat-of-arms and other heraldic items and devices of the Philippines.[1] Apart from RA 8491, the Philippines has only four official national symbols enacted through a proclamation by the executive department, namely sampaguita, narra, the Philippine eagle, and arnis. In 1934, during the Commonwealth era, Governor-General Frank Murphy declared sampaguita[2] and narra[3] as national flower and national tree, respectively, through Proclamation No. 652. Philippine President Fidel Ramos proclaimed the Philippine eagle as the national bird in 1995 through Proclamation No. 615.[4] In 2009, President Gloria Macapagal-Arroyo declared arnis as the national sport and martial art through Republic Act 9850.[5]
Other supposed national symbols such as the Cariñosa, Carabao, Bangus, and Anahaw that are circulating through various sources have no official status and have not established by law.[6] Furthermore, there is no Filipino historical figure officially declared as national hero through law or executive order.[7][8] Although, there were laws and proclamations honoring Filipino heroes. On November 15, 1995, the Technical Committee of the National Heroes Committee, created through Executive Order No. 5 by former President Fidel Ramos, recommended nine Filipino historical figures to be National Heroes: Jose Rizal, Andres Bonifacio, Emilio Aguinaldo, Apolinario Mabini, Marcelo H. del Pilar, Sultan Dipatuan Kudarat, Juan Luna, Melchora Aquino, and Gabriela Silang.[8] Up to now, no action has been taken for these recommended National Heroes.[8]
Contents |
[edit] List of symbols
[edit] Official
| Symbol | Image | Adopted | Legal Basis | |||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| National Flag |
|
 |
12 June 1898 (Reaffirmed 11 June 1998) |
Proclamation of President Emilio Aguinaldo Reaffirmed by Republic Act 8491 |
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| Coat of arms |
|
 |
11 June 1998 | Republic Act No. 8491 | ||||
| National anthem |
|
|
Music : 11 June 1898 Lyrics : 26 May 1958 (reaffirmed 11 June 1998) |
Music : Proclamation of President Emilio Aguinaldo Lyrics : Department of Education Administrative Order (reaffirmed by Republic Act No. 8491) |
||||
| National Motto |
|
("For God, People, Nature, and Country") |
12 February 1998 | Republic Act 8491, Capter III, Section 40 | ||||
| National Flower |
|
 |
01 February 1934[9] | Executive Proclamation No. 652 by Governor General Frank Murphy | ||||
| National tree |
|
 |
01 February 1934[9] | Executive Proclamation No. 652 by Governor General Frank Murphy | ||||
| National language |
|
11 February 1987 | Article XIV, Sec. 6 of the 1987 Philippine Constitution | |||||
| National bird |
|
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15 July 1995[10] | Republic Act 6147 | ||||
| National sports |
|
 |
11 December 2009[11] | Republic Act 9850 | ||||
[edit] Unofficial
- Cariñosa as National Dance (formerly the Tinikling)
- Carabao as National Animal (or Land Animal)
- Bangus as National Fish
- Anahaw as National Leaf
- Mango as National Fruit
- Barong and Baro't saya as National Costume
- "Ako ay Pilipino",Bayan Ko" and "Pilipinas Kong Mahal" as National Songs
- Juan de la Cruz - symbolizing the Filipino people
- Jose Rizal, Andres Bonifacio, Emilio Aguinaldo, Apolinario Mabini, Marcelo H. del Pilar, Muhammad Dipatuan Kudarat, Juan Luna, Melchora Aquino and Gabriela Silang as National Heroes
- Sipa as National Sport
- Lechon, Adobo and Sinigang as National Food
[edit] References
- ^ a b "Republic Act No. 8491 of the Philippines". Web Portal of the Philippine Government. http://www.gov.ph/aboutphil/RA8491.asp. Retrieved 2009-03-10.
- ^ "Philippine Fast Facts, National Flower: Sampaguita". National Commission for Culture and the Arts. http://www.ncca.gov.ph/about-culture-and-arts/culture-profile/phil-fast-facts/culture-profile-sampaguita.php. Retrieved 2009-03-10.
- ^ "Philippine Fast Facts, National Tree: Narra". National Commission for Culture and the Arts. http://www.ncca.gov.ph/about-culture-and-arts/culture-profile/phil-fast-facts/culture-profile-narra.php. Retrieved 2009-03-10.
- ^ "Philippine Fast Facts, National Bird: Philippine Eagle". National Commission for Culture and the Arts. http://www.ncca.gov.ph/about-culture-and-arts/culture-profile/phil-fast-facts/culture-profile-phil-eagle.php. Retrieved 2009-03-10.
- ^ Lizares, George (2009-12-20). "Arnis now a national sport". Philippine Daily Inquirer. http://sports.inquirer.net/sportsevents/sportsevents/view/20091220-243044/Arnis-now-a-national-sport. Retrieved 2010-01-13.
- ^ Ambeth Ocampo (2009-03-03). "Looking Back: What is 'Philippine' or 'national'?". Philippine Daily Inquirer. http://opinion.inquirer.net/inquireropinion/columns/view/20090303-192135/What-is-Philippine-or-national. Retrieved 2009-03-10.
- ^ "Philippine Fast Facts". National Commission for Culture and the Arts. http://www.ncca.gov.ph/about-culture-and-arts/culture-profile/culture-profile-phil-fast-facts.php. Retrieved 2009-03-10.
- ^ a b c "Selection and Proclamation of National Heroes and Laws Honoring Filipino Historical Figures". National Commission for Culture and the Arts. http://www.ncca.gov.ph/about-culture-and-arts/culture-profile/culture-profile-nationalhero.php. Retrieved 2009-03-10.
- ^ a b "National Historical Commission - Today in History". National Historical Commission of the Philippines. http://www.nhi.gov.ph/index.php?option=com_today_in_history&th_days=1&th_month=2&Itemid=42&thAction=thDetailView&th_id=205. Retrieved 2011-09-27.
- ^ "Today in Philippine History July 15". Mindanao Examiner. http://mindanaoexaminer.com/news.php?news_id=20110715041821. Retrieved 2011-09-27.
- ^ "Palace declares arnis as national martial art and sport". GMA News. 2010-01-08. http://www.gmanews.tv/story/181104/sports/palace-declares-arnis-as-national-martial-art-and-sport. Retrieved 2011-09-27.
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