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Randolph County, Indiana

Coordinates: 40°09′N 85°01′W / 40.15°N 85.01°W / 40.15; -85.01
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Randolph County
County
Randolph County Courthouse
Randolph County Courthouse
Official seal of Randolph County
Seal
Map of Indiana highlighting Randolph County
Location within the U.S. state of Indiana
Map of the United States highlighting Indiana
Indiana's location within the U.S.
Coordinates: 40°09′N 85°01′W / 40.15°N 85.01°W / 40.15; -85.01
Country United States
State Indiana
Founded1818
Named forPeyton Randolph
SeatWinchester
Largest cityWinchester
Area
 • Total
453.31 sq mi (1,174.1 km2)
 • Land452.38 sq mi (1,171.7 km2)
 • Water0.94 sq mi (2.4 km2)  0.21%
Population
 (2020)
 • Total
24,502
 • Density57.8/sq mi (22.31/km2)
Time zoneUTC−5 (Eastern)
 • Summer (DST)UTC−4 (EDT)
Congressional district6th
Websiterandolphcounty.us
Indiana county number 68

Randolph County is a county located in the central section of U.S. state of Indiana, on its eastern border with Ohio. As of 2010, the population was 26,171.[1] The county seat is Winchester.[2]

History

Modoc from the air, looking northeast.

The Indiana General Assembly authorized the formation of Randolph County from Wayne County in January 1818, to take effect in August 1818. The county was almost certainly named for Randolph County, North Carolina, where the area's first settlers came from.[3] That county was named for Peyton Randolph, the first President of the Continental Congress under the Articles of Confederation.[4]

Between 1820 and 1824, the county's territory extended to the Michigan boundary; consequently, the plat for the town of Fort Wayne (now a city) is recorded in Randolph County's Recorder's Office. Randolph County's population grew rapidly in the early years of the nineteenth century. It became known as a progressive community, with many residents coming from the mid-Atlantic and northern tier free states. Numerous members of the Society of Friends (Quakers) lived here, and they supported public education and abolitionism.

The county was the site of three settlements developed by free African Americans, and by 1845 there were about 500 people of color here. The most famous, the Greenville Settlement, in Greensfork Township, was in the southeast part of the county and straddled the state line, also partially in Darke County, Ohio. It was the site of the Union Literary Institute, founded in 1846 by Quakers and free people of color. It was primarily for black students of the area, but also accepted whites as one of the first racially integrated schools in the United States. Other predominately black settlements were Cabin Creek, about 10 miles southwest of Winchester, Indiana; and Snow Hill, between Winchester and Lynn, Indiana.

Given its settlement history, with many migrants from the northern tier, Randolph County was politically dominated by the Republican Party into the early twentieth century. Between 1858 and 1931, the county produced two Governors, one Congressman, one U. S. Senator, three Indiana Secretaries of State, and one State Superintendent of Public Instruction. The county's population growth slowed after 1880. Later in the 20th century, with industrialization and demographic changes, many of its residents aligned with the Democratic Party.

Randolph County answered the problem of rural decline in the early twentieth century by embracing much of the "Country Life Movement." The county consolidated its rural schools. This was done under the leadership of Lee L. Driver, a county native who became the nation's leading expert on rural school consolidation. Randolph County became the exemplar of the movement, and was the subject of many publications and visits from officials from as far away as Canada and China.

In the early 21st century, residents in Winchester, Union City, and Farmland have sought to revitalize Randolph County through a renewed focus on historic preservation, heritage tourism, and the arts. The county is included in the Ohio River National Freedom Corridor, as many refugees from slavery sought escape via crossing the Ohio River and using aid of residents at stops along the Underground Railroad, sometimes traveling further north and into Canada. In 2016 a state historical marker was installed at the site of the Union Literary Institute, to recognize its contributions to black and interracial education, and the cause of freedom.

Geography

According to the 2010 census, the county has a total area of 453.31 square miles (1,174.1 km2), of which 452.38 square miles (1,171.7 km2) (or 99.79%) is land and 0.94 square miles (2.4 km2) (or 0.21%) is water.[5]

Randolph County is the point of origin for the White River and Whitewater River.

Adjacent counties

Transportation

Cities and towns

Incorporated

Unincorporated

Map of Randolph County, Indiana With Municipal and Township Labels

Townships

Nettle Creek (Losantville) and West River (Modoc) Townships were combined to form Union Township.

Attractions

Winchester Speedway (one of the world's oldest and fastest high bank half mile tracks in the world) is located approximately 2 miles west of Winchester on State Road 32

Mrs. Wicks Pie Factory and Restaurant in Winchester

Silvertowne (one of the largest privately owned coin shops in the United States) is located in Winchester

Wilson Wines (local winery near Modoc with tours and special events)

McVey Memorial Forest (Located North of Farmland approximately 6 miles on State Road 1)

Farmers market during the summer on the Winchester Square

Local festivals and events

Mom, Baseball and Apple Pie Festival (Held in Winchester during August annually)

Labor Day Marathon Softball Tournament (Winchester city Park and draws teams from all over the United States to play softball and celebrate the last holiday of Summer. Winchester's population nearly doubles for this weekend)

Madi Gras held annually each fall in Winchester during October

Heritage Days held annually in the fall in Union City.

Airports

  • Randolph County Airport (newly expanded in 2010 and 2011)

Climate and weather

Winchester, Indiana
Climate chart (explanation)
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█ Average max. and min. temperatures in °F
█ Precipitation totals in inches
Source: The Weather Channel[6]
Metric conversion
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█ Average max. and min. temperatures in °C
█ Precipitation totals in mm

In recent years, average temperatures in Winchester have ranged from a low of 16 °F (−9 °C) in January to a high of 83 °F (28 °C) in July, although a record low of −26 °F (−32 °C) was recorded in January 1994 and a record high of 102 °F (39 °C) was recorded in September 1953. Average monthly precipitation ranged from 1.63 inches (41 mm) in February to 4.34 inches (110 mm) in June.[6]

Government

See also: Government of Indiana

The county government is a constitutional body, and is granted specific powers by the Constitution of Indiana, and by the Indiana Code.

County Council: The county council is the legislative branch of the county government and controls all the spending and revenue collection in the county. Representatives are elected from county districts. The council members serve four-year terms. They are responsible for setting salaries, the annual budget, and special spending. The council also has limited authority to impose local taxes, in the form of an income and property tax that is subject to state level approval, excise taxes, and service taxes.[7][8]

Board of Commissioners: The executive body of the county is made of a board of commissioners. The commissioners are elected county-wide, in staggered terms, and each serves a four-year term. One of the commissioners, typically the most senior, serves as president. The commissioners are charged with executing the acts legislated by the council, collecting revenue, and managing the day-to-day functions of the county government.[7][8]

Court: The county maintains a small claims court that can handle some civil cases. The judge on the court is elected to a term of four years and must be a member of the Indiana Bar Association. The judge is assisted by a constable who is also elected to a four-year term. In some cases, court decisions can be appealed to the state level circuit court.[8]

County Officials: The county has several other elected offices, including sheriff, coroner, auditor, treasurer, recorder, surveyor, and circuit court clerk Each of these elected officers serves a term of four years and oversees a different part of county government. Members elected to county government positions are required to declare party affiliations and to be residents of the county.[8]

Randolph County is part of Indiana's 6th congressional district and is represented in Congress by Republican Greg Pence.

Randolph County is one of the most consistently Republican counties in the entire United States. Since 1888, the Republican candidate has only failed to carry the county in a presidential election twice. This occurred in 1912 thanks to the strong third party candidacy of Theodore Roosevelt, as well as 1964 where Barry Goldwater was seen as too conservative statewide & nationally in his landslide loss to Lyndon B. Johnson.

United States presidential election results for Randolph County, Indiana[9]
Year Republican Democratic Third party(ies)
No.  % No.  % No.  %
2020 8,312 75.02% 2,513 22.68% 254 2.29%
2016 7,517 71.43% 2,446 23.24% 560 5.32%
2012 6,218 60.95% 3,769 36.94% 215 2.11%
2008 5,788 53.48% 4,839 44.71% 195 1.80%
2004 7,172 64.66% 3,812 34.37% 108 0.97%
2000 6,020 59.42% 3,906 38.55% 206 2.03%
1996 4,708 45.18% 4,087 39.22% 1,625 15.60%
1992 4,937 41.90% 3,870 32.84% 2,977 25.26%
1988 6,856 62.85% 3,990 36.58% 62 0.57%
1984 7,793 66.77% 3,805 32.60% 73 0.63%
1980 7,762 62.65% 4,025 32.49% 603 4.87%
1976 6,891 55.93% 5,330 43.26% 99 0.80%
1972 8,754 71.57% 3,409 27.87% 69 0.56%
1968 7,238 57.14% 3,962 31.28% 1,467 11.58%
1964 6,551 48.50% 6,804 50.38% 151 1.12%
1960 9,528 64.92% 5,035 34.31% 114 0.78%
1956 9,020 65.02% 4,701 33.89% 152 1.10%
1952 9,150 65.42% 4,461 31.90% 375 2.68%
1948 7,122 57.96% 4,655 37.89% 510 4.15%
1944 7,805 61.18% 4,590 35.98% 363 2.85%
1940 8,033 57.19% 5,787 41.20% 226 1.61%
1936 6,682 50.30% 6,487 48.84% 114 0.86%
1932 6,509 49.44% 6,223 47.27% 434 3.30%
1928 8,368 71.32% 3,264 27.82% 101 0.86%
1924 7,397 64.10% 3,768 32.65% 374 3.24%
1920 8,773 65.28% 4,198 31.24% 468 3.48%
1916 4,054 54.31% 2,682 35.93% 728 9.75%
1912 1,988 27.33% 2,158 29.66% 3,129 43.01%
1908 4,792 60.90% 2,600 33.05% 476 6.05%
1904 5,139 67.49% 1,924 25.27% 552 7.25%
1900 5,050 65.57% 2,393 31.07% 259 3.36%
1896 4,674 62.77% 2,677 35.95% 95 1.28%
1892 4,058 60.37% 1,994 29.66% 670 9.97%
1888 4,629 65.11% 2,256 31.73% 225 3.16%

Education

Public schools in Randolph County are administered by the Union School Corporation, Randolph Central School Corporation, Randolph Eastern School Corporation, Randolph Southern School Corporation, and Monroe Central School Corporation.

High schools

  • Union High School (Modoc) - Modoc-Union School Corporation
  • Randolph Southern High School - Lynn-Randolph Southern School Corporation
  • Winchester Community High School - Winchester-Randolph Central School Corporation
  • Union City High School - Union City - Randolph Eastern School Corporation
  • Monroe Central High School - Parker City - Monroe Central School Corporation

Junior high/middle schools

  • Union Jr. High School
  • Randolph Southern Jr. High School
  • Driver Middle School-Winchester
  • West Side Middle School-Union City
  • Monroe Central Jr. High School

Elementary schools

  • Union Elementary School
  • Randolph Southern Elementary School
  • Deerfield Elementary School - Winchester
  • Baker Elementary School - Winchester
  • Williard Elementary School - Winchester
  • North Side Elementary School - Union City
  • Monroe Central Elementary School

Notable residents

Fictional residents

The Marshalls of Land of the Lost once lived in Harrisville.[citation needed]

Demographics

Historical population
CensusPop.Note%±
18201,808—
18303,912116.4%
184010,684173.1%
185014,72537.8%
186018,99729.0%
187022,86220.3%
188026,43515.6%
189028,0856.2%
190028,6532.0%
191029,0131.3%
192026,484−8.7%
193024,859−6.1%
194026,7667.7%
195027,1411.4%
196028,4344.8%
197028,9151.7%
198029,9973.7%
199027,148−9.5%
200027,4010.9%
201026,171−4.5%
202024,502−6.4%
U.S. Decennial Census[10]
1790-1960[11] 1900-1990[12]
1990-2000[13] 2010-2013[1]

As of the 2010 United States Census, there were 26,171 people, 10,451 households, and 7,300 families residing in the county.[14] The population density was 57.9 inhabitants per square mile (22.4/km2). There were 11,743 housing units at an average density of 26.0 per square mile (10.0/km2).[5] The racial makeup of the county was 96.1% white, 0.4% black or African American, 0.3% American Indian, 0.2% Asian, 1.8% from other races, and 1.1% from two or more races. Those of Hispanic or Latino origin made up 3.0% of the population.[14] In terms of ancestry, 23.7% were German, 13.9% were Irish, 11.5% were American, and 11.4% were English.[15]

Of the 10,451 households, 31.9% had children under the age of 18 living with them, 53.9% were married couples living together, 11.1% had a female householder with no husband present, 30.2% were non-families, and 25.7% of all households were made up of individuals. The average household size was 2.47 and the average family size was 2.93. The median age was 40.8 years.[14]

The median income for a household in the county was $47,697 and the median income for a family was $45,543. Males had a median income of $37,528 versus $28,851 for females. The per capita income for the county was $19,552. About 10.3% of families and 13.2% of the population were below the poverty line, including 20.3% of those under age 18 and 8.7% of those age 65 or over.[16]

See also

References

  1. ^ a b "Randolph County QuickFacts". United States Census Bureau. Archived from the original on June 7, 2011. Retrieved September 25, 2011.
  2. ^ "Find a County". National Association of Counties. Retrieved June 7, 2011.
  3. ^ "History of Randolph County". Randolph County, Indiana. Archived from the original on October 3, 2011. Retrieved October 21, 2011.
  4. ^ De Witt Clinton Goodrich & Charles Richard Tuttle (1875). An Illustrated History of the State of Indiana. Indiana: R. S. Peale & Co. pp. 570.
  5. ^ a b "Population, Housing Units, Area, and Density: 2010 - County". United States Census Bureau. Archived from the original on February 12, 2020. Retrieved July 10, 2015.
  6. ^ a b "Monthly Averages for Winchester, Indiana". The Weather Channel. Retrieved January 27, 2011.
  7. ^ a b Indiana Code. "Title 36, Article 2, Section 3". IN.gov. Retrieved September 16, 2008.
  8. ^ a b c d Indiana Code. "Title 2, Article 10, Section 2" (PDF). IN.gov. Archived (PDF) from the original on December 27, 2004. Retrieved September 16, 2008.
  9. ^ Leip, David. "Dave Leip's Atlas of U.S. Presidential Elections". uselectionatlas.org. Retrieved May 20, 2018.
  10. ^ "U.S. Decennial Census". United States Census Bureau. Retrieved July 10, 2014.
  11. ^ "Historical Census Browser". University of Virginia Library. Retrieved July 10, 2014.
  12. ^ "Population of Counties by Decennial Census: 1900 to 1990". United States Census Bureau. Retrieved July 10, 2014.
  13. ^ "Census 2000 PHC-T-4. Ranking Tables for Counties: 1990 and 2000" (PDF). United States Census Bureau. Archived (PDF) from the original on March 27, 2010. Retrieved July 10, 2014.
  14. ^ a b c "DP-1 Profile of General Population and Housing Characteristics: 2010 Demographic Profile Data". United States Census Bureau. Archived from the original on February 13, 2020. Retrieved July 10, 2015.
  15. ^ "DP02 SELECTED SOCIAL CHARACTERISTICS IN THE UNITED STATES – 2006-2010 American Community Survey 5-Year Estimates". United States Census Bureau. Archived from the original on February 14, 2020. Retrieved July 10, 2015.
  16. ^ "DP03 SELECTED ECONOMIC CHARACTERISTICS – 2006-2010 American Community Survey 5-Year Estimates". United States Census Bureau. Archived from the original on February 14, 2020. Retrieved July 10, 2015.

40°09′N 85°01′W / 40.15°N 85.01°W / 40.15; -85.01

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