Jump to content

List of offshore wind farms: Difference between revisions

From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
Browse history interactively
← Previous editNext edit →
Content deleted Content added
VisualWikitext
→‎Under construction: it is commission in 1013 started construction in 2010
as per talk page, restructuring page completely
Line 2: Line 2:


[[Image:Kentish Flats 185488383 b48a2c2dcf o.jpg|250px|right|thumb|One of the [[wind turbine|turbines]] at the [[Kentish Flats Wind Farm]].]]
[[Image:Kentish Flats 185488383 b48a2c2dcf o.jpg|250px|right|thumb|One of the [[wind turbine|turbines]] at the [[Kentish Flats Wind Farm]].]]
This page lists the top 25 '''offshore wind farms''' that are currently operational, rated by [[nameplate capacity]]. In the case of a tied bottom place in the table, the wind farm with the earliest commissioning date is used. It also lists the ten largest under construction (with the earliest forecasted completion date being used as a tie-breaker); the ten largest proposed that have attained at least some of the necessary formal consents (with extent of consents obtained being the tie-breaker); and other notable offshore wind farms.
The following page lists all '''offshore wind farms''' that are currently operational or under construction. As of September 2009, the {{nowrap|209&nbsp;MW}} [[Horns Rev#Offshore wind parks|Horns Rev&nbsp;2]] wind farm in [[Wind power in Denmark|Denmark]] is the world's largest offshore wind farm. The [[Wind power in the United Kingdom|United Kingdom]] is currently the world's leading generator of offshore [[wind power]], followed by Denmark.<ref>[http://www.guardian.co.uk/environment/2009/jan/08/wind-power Blown away]</ref> Many offshore wind farms are under construction and the largest of these is the 500&nbsp;MW [[Greater Gabbard wind farm]] in the [[United Kingdom]].<ref name=ewea2008/> New proposed offshore wind farms include the 1,500&nbsp;MW [[Atlantic Array]] and the 1,000&nbsp;MW [[London Array]], both in the United Kingdom.<ref>[http://www.renewableenergymagazine.com/paginas/Contenidosecciones.asp?ID=991&Tipo=&Nombre=Renewable%20energy%20news Meet the world's largest offshore windfarm, 22 May 2007]</ref><ref>[http://www.londonarray.com/ London Array official site]</ref> New deep-water, [[Floating wind turbine|floating-turbine technologies]] are only recently beginning to be deployed. The first utility-scale installation of this type is the [[Floating_wind_turbine#Hywind|Hywind]], a {{nowrap|2.3 [[Megawatt|MW]]}} turbine in {{convert|220|m|ft|0|abbr=on}} deep water in the [[North Sea]],<ref name="Patel2009">{{cite news|last= Patel|first= Prachi|title= Floating Wind Turbines to Be Tested|publisher= [[IEEE Spectrum]]|date= 2009-06-22|url= http://www.spectrum.ieee.org/green-tech/wind/floating-wind-turbines-to-be-tested|accessdate= 2009-06-25}}</ref> which started operation in September 2009.<ref name="BBC20090908">{{Cite document|title= Floating challenge for offshore wind turbine|author= Madslien, Jorn|publisher= BBC News|date= 2009-09-08|url= http://news.bbc.co.uk/2/hi/business/8235456.stm|accessdate= 2009-09-14}}</ref> In May 2009, consultancy Frost & Sullivan estimated that installed capacity of offshore wind power would grow to {{nowrap|18,769&nbsp;MW}} by 2015.<ref>[http://sev.prnewswire.com/null/20090513/DA1611813052009-1.html Frost & Sullivan: Offshore Wind Energy Set to Boom in the Next Few Years, news release, 2009-05-13]</ref>


SBI ''Energy'', clean energy market research publisher, concurs. In April 2010 it published a report stating, offshore wind energy presents the greatest developmental and economic opportunities for manufacturers of turbine and foundation components through 2015 and projects total offshore installed capacity to grow at an astounding 92% [[Compound annual growth rate|CAGR rate]] during the next five years to reach more than 79,700&nbsp;MW. All regions of the globe with offshore wind energy intentions will make enormous strides in development, particularly Asia, which will grow from a mere 100&nbsp;MW capacity in 2010 to more than 10,000&nbsp;MW by 2015. Source: SBI ''Energy'', Offshore Wind Farm Manufacturing Worldwide.

Compared to onshore wind power, [[offshore wind power]] is more complex and costly to install and maintain but also has several key advantages. Winds are typically stronger and more stable at sea, resulting in significantly higher production per unit installed. [[Wind turbines]] can also be bigger than on land because it is easier to transport very large turbine components by sea.<ref name=tur>[http://eur-lex.europa.eu/LexUriServ/LexUriServ.do?uri=COM:2008:0768:FIN:EN:PDF Offshore Wind Energy: Action needed to deliver on the Energy Policy Objectives for 2020 and beyond] p. 2.</ref>
__TOC__
__TOC__
{{Clear}}
{{Clear}}


== Operational wind farms ==
== The 25 largest operational offshore wind farms ==
The following table lists offshore wind farms that are in operation as of January 2010.<ref name=ewea2008>
[http://www.ewea.org/fileadmin/ewea_documents/documents/statistics/Offshore_Wind_Farms_2008.pdf Offshore Statistics January 2009], ''[[European Wind Energy Association]]'', data from 2008.</ref>{{Failed verification|date=January 2010}}


{|class="wikitable sortable"
{|class="wikitable sortable"
|-
|-
! Wind farm !! Capacity ([[Megawatt|MW]]) !! Country !! Turbines and model !! Commissioned !! References<!-- Only red-links -->
! Wind farm !! Capacity ([[Megawatt|MW]]) !! Country !! Turbines and model !! Commissioned !! References
|-
| [[Alpha Ventus Offshore Wind Farm|Alpha Ventus]] || 60 || {{flag|Germany}} || 6 × [[REpower]] 5M,<br>6 × Multibrid M5000 || 2009 || <ref>{{cite web | title = E.ON Energy Projects: Borkum Offshore Wind Farm Power Plants on Order | publisher = [[E.ON]] | url = http://www.eon-energie.com/pages/eea_en/Knowledge_about_energy/E.ON_Energies_projects/Alpha_ventus | accessdate = 2008-08-17}}</ref><ref>{{cite web | title = Press release | publisher = alpha-ventus | date = 2008-07-25 | language = German | url = http://www.alpha-ventus.de/index.php?id=17 | accessdate = 2008-08-17}}</ref>
|-
|-
| [[Arklow Bank Wind Park|Arklow Bank]] || 25 || {{flag|Ireland}} || 7 × 3.6 [[General Electric|GE]] || 2004 || <ref name="EWEA2008" />
| [[Horns Rev#Offshore wind parks|Horns Rev II]] || 209 || {{flag|Denmark}} || 91 × Siemens SWP 2.3-93 || 2009 || <ref>[http://www.dongenergy.com/hornsrev2/en/about_horns_rev_2/about_the_project/pages/turbines.aspx Horns Rev II turbines]</ref>
|-
|-
| [[Lynn and Inner Dowsing]] || 194 || {{flag|United Kingdom}} || 54 × [[Siemens]] 3.6-107 || 2008 || <ref>[http://www.thecrownestate.co.uk/70_interactive_maps_marine.htm?txtName=Map_Lynn Interactive Map for Marine Estate<!-- Bot generated title -->]</ref><ref>[http://www.thecrownestate.co.uk/70_interactive_maps_marine.htm?txtName=Map_Inner_Dowsing Interactive Map for Marine Estate<!-- Bot generated title -->]</ref><ref>[http://news.bbc.co.uk/2/hi/uk_news/england/lincolnshire/7388949.stm Wind farm's first turbines active]</ref>
| [[Barrow Offshore Wind]] || 90 || {{flag|United Kingdom}} || 30 × [[Vestas V90-3MW]] || 2006 || <ref>http://www.bowind.co.uk/keyfacts.shtml</ref>
|-
|-
| [[Beatrice Wind Farm|Beatrice]] || 10 || {{flag|United Kingdom}} || 2 × [[REpower]] 5M || 2007 || <ref name=rew20091008/><ref>[http://www.beatricewind.co.uk/home/default.asp Beatrice wind farm demonstrator project]</ref>
| [[Robin Rigg Wind Farm|Robin Rigg (Solway Firth)]] || 180 || {{flag|United Kingdom}} || 60 × [[Vestas V90-3MW]] || 2010 || <ref>[http://www.thecrownestate.co.uk/70_interactive_maps_marine.htm?txtName=Map_Robin_Rigg Interactive Map for Marine Estate<!-- Bot generated title -->]</ref><ref name="bwea.com"/>
|-
|-
| [[Blyth Offshore Wind Farm|Blyth Offshore]] || 4 || {{flag|United Kingdom}} || 2 × Vestas V66-2MW{{Failed verification|date=July 2010}} || 2000 || <ref name=rew20091008>Steve Kopits and Adam Westwood. [http://www.renewableenergyworld.com/rea/news/article/2009/10/large-wind Offshore Wind: Time for a Market Take-off?] ''Renewable Energy World'', 8 October 2009, Table 1.</ref>
| [[Gunfleet Sands Offshore Wind Farm|Gunfleet Sands]] || 172 || {{flag|United Kingdom}} || 48 × [[Siemens]] 3.6-107 || 2010 || <ref>[http://www.thecrownestate.co.uk/70_interactive_maps_marine.htm?txtName=Map_Gunfleet_Sands Interactive Map for Marine Estate]</ref><ref name="bwea.com">[http://www.bwea.com/ukwed/operational.asp] UK Wind Energy Database</ref>
|-
|-
| Bockstigen || 2.8 || {{flag|Sweden}} || 5 × Winworld || 1998 || <ref name="EWEA2008" />
| [[Nysted Wind Farm|Nysted I]] || 166 || {{flag|Denmark}} || 72 × [[Siemens]] 2.3 || 2003 || <ref>{{cite web
|url=http://www.dongenergy.com/Nysted/EN/About_the_park/Introduction/Pages/Introduction.aspx
|title=Introduction to the (Nysted offshore) park
|accessdate=2010-08-19
}}</ref>
|-
|-
| [[Burbo Bank Offshore Wind Farm|Burbo Bank]] || 90 || {{flag|United Kingdom}} || 25 × [[Siemens]] 3.6-107 || 2007 || <ref>[http://www.dongenergy.com/Burbo/Project/Technology/Pages/Technology.aspx]</ref>
| [[Horns Rev]] I || 160 || {{flag|Denmark}} || 80 × Vestas V80-2MW || 2002 ||<ref name=mps20021015>[http://www.modernpowersystems.com/story.asp?storyCode=2017033 Horns Revolution], Modern Power Systems, 2002-10-05, accessed 2010-04-14.</ref>
|-
|-
| [[OWEZ|Egmond aan Zee]] || 108 || {{flag|Netherlands}} || 36 × [[Vestas V90-3MW]]{{Failed verification|date=July 2010}} || 2006 || <ref name=rew20091008/>
| [[Princess Amalia Wind Farm|Princess Amalia]] || 120 || {{flag|Netherlands}} || 60 × Vestas V80-2MW || 2008 || <ref>{{cite web
|url=http://www.q7wind.nl/en/windpark.asp
|title=Prinses Amaliawindpark Project Details
|accessdate=2010-08-19
}}</ref>
|-
|-
| Frederikshavn || 11 || {{flag|Denmark}} || 4 (11&nbsp;MW total)|| 2003 || <ref name="EWEA2008" /><ref name=rew20091008/>
| [[Lillgrund Wind Farm|Lillgrund]] || 110 || {{flag|Sweden}} || 48 × [[Siemens]] 2.3 || 2007 ||
<ref>{{cite web
|url=http://www.power-technology.com/projects/100mwlillgrund/
|title=Offshore Windfarm Lillgrund, Sweden
|accessdate=2010-08-19
}}</ref>
|-
|-
| [[OWEZ|Egmond aan Zee]] || 108 || {{flag|Netherlands}} || 36 × [[Vestas V90-3MW]] || 2006 ||
| [[Floating_wind_turbine#Hywind|Hywind (floating turbine)]] || 2 || {{flag|Norway}} || 1 x Siemens 2.3 || 2009 || <ref name="Patel2009">{{cite news|last= Patel|first= Prachi|coauthors= |title= Floating Wind Turbines to Be Tested|work= |publisher= [[IEEE Spectrum]]|date= 2009-06-22|url= http://www.spectrum.ieee.org/green-tech/wind/floating-wind-turbines-to-be-tested|format= |doi= |accessdate= 2009-06-25 }}</ref><ref name="BBC20090908">{{cite news|url=http://news.bbc.co.uk/2/hi/8235456.stm?ls|title=Floating challenge for offshore wind turbine|last=Madslien|first=Jorn|date=8 September 2009|work=BBC News|publisher=BBC|accessdate=2009-09-16}}</ref>
<ref>{{cite web
|url=http://www.power-technology.com/projects/egmond/
|title=Egmond aan Zee Offshore Wind Farm, Netherlands
|accessdate=2010-08-19
}}</ref>
|-
|-
| Donghai Bridge || 102 || {{flag|China}} || 34x Sinovel SL3000/90 || 2010 || <ref>[http://www.4coffshore.com/windfarms/donghai-bridge-100mw-offshore-wind-power-demonstration-project-china-cn01.html Donghai Bridge at 4cOffshore]</ref> <ref>[http://news.xinhuanet.com/english2010/2010-07/07/c_13387557.htm Xinhuanet news]</ref>
| [[Gunfleet Sands Offshore Wind Farm]] || 172{{Failed verification|date=April 2010}} || {{flag|United Kingdom}} || 48 × [[Siemens]] 3.6-107{{Failed verification|date=April 2010}} || 2010 || <ref>http://www.dongenergy.com/NR/rdonlyres/435D591F-6410-4B4E-9529-490A202C8F1A/0/GunfleetSandsProjectbriefingnoteNo2.pdf</ref>{{Dead link|date=April 2010}}<ref>[http://www.thecrownestate.co.uk/70_interactive_maps_marine.htm?txtName=Map_Gunfleet_Sands Interactive Map for Marine Estate<!-- Bot generated title -->]</ref><ref name="bwea.com">[http://www.bwea.com/ukwed/operational.asp] UK Wind Energy Database</ref>
|-
|-
| [[Horns Rev]] I || 160 || {{flag|Denmark}} || 80 × Vestas V80-2MW || 2002 ||<ref name=rew20091008/><ref name=mps20021015>[http://www.modernpowersystems.com/story.asp?storyCode=2017033 Horns Revolution], Modern Power Systems, 2002-10-05, accessed 2010-04-14.</ref>
| [[Barrow Offshore Wind|Barrow]] || 90 || {{flag|United Kingdom}} || 30 × [[Vestas V90-3MW]] || 2006 || <ref>http://www.bowind.co.uk/keyfacts.shtml</ref>
|-
|-
| [[Horns Rev#Offshore wind parks|Horns Rev II]] || 209 || {{flag|Denmark}} || 91 × Siemens SWP 2.3-93 || 2009 || <ref>[http://www.dongenergy.com/hornsrev2/en/about_horns_rev_2/about_the_project/pages/turbines.aspx Horns Rev II turbines]</ref>
| [[Burbo Bank Offshore Wind Farm|Burbo Bank]] || 90 || {{flag|United Kingdom}} || 25 × [[Siemens]] 3.6-107 || 2007 || <ref>[http://www.dongenergy.com/Burbo/Project/Technology/Pages/Technology.aspx]</ref>
|-
| Irene Vorrink || 16.8 || {{flag|Netherlands}} || 28 × [[NEG Micon]] 600&nbsp;kW || 1996 || <ref name="EWEA2008" />
|-
| Kemi Ajos I + II || 30 || {{flag|Finland}} || 10 × WinWinD 3MW || 2008 || <ref name="EWEA2008" /><ref>[http://www.winwind.fi/english/materiaalit/wwd_ajos2007.pdf winwind]</ref>
|-
|-
| [[Kentish Flats Offshore Wind Farm|Kentish Flats]] || 90 || {{flag|United Kingdom}} || 30 × [[Vestas V90-3MW]] || 2005 || <ref>[http://www.kentishflats.co.uk/page.dsp?area=1392]</ref>
| [[Kentish Flats Offshore Wind Farm|Kentish Flats]] || 90 || {{flag|United Kingdom}} || 30 × [[Vestas V90-3MW]] || 2005 || <ref>[http://www.kentishflats.co.uk/page.dsp?area=1392]</ref>
|-
|-
| [[Rhyl Flats]] || 90 || {{flag|United Kingdom}} || 25 × [[Siemens]] 3.6-107 || 2009 || <ref>[http://www.thecrownestate.co.uk/70_interactive_maps_marine.htm?txtName=Map_Rhyl_Flats Interactive Map for Marine Estate<!-- Bot generated title -->]</ref><ref>[http://www.rwe.com/web/cms/mediablob/en/354764/data/250908/57591/rwe-npower-renewables/Rhly-Flats-inauguration-press-release.pdf Rhyl Flats inauguration press release]</ref><ref>[http://www.bwea.com/ukwed/offshore.asp BWEA Offshore wind farms]</ref>
| Lely || 2 || {{flag|Netherlands}} || 4 × [[NEG Micon]]{{Failed verification|date=July 2010}} || 1994 || <ref name=rew20091008/>
|-
| [[Alpha Ventus Offshore Wind Farm|Alpha Ventus]] || 60 || {{flag|Germany}} || 6 × [[REpower]] 5M,<br>6 × Multibrid M5000 || 2009 || <ref>{{cite web | title = E.ON Energy Projects: Borkum Offshore Wind Farm Power Plants on Order | publisher = [[E.ON]] | url = http://www.eon-energie.com/pages/eea_en/Knowledge_about_energy/E.ON_Energies_projects/Alpha_ventus | accessdate = 2008-08-17}}</ref><ref>{{cite web | title = Press release | publisher = alpha-ventus | date = 2008-07-25 | language = German | url = http://www.alpha-ventus.de/index.php?id=17 | accessdate = 2008-08-17}}</ref>
|-
|-
| [[North Hoyle]] || 60 || {{flag|United Kingdom}} || 30 × Vestas V80-2MW || 2003 || <ref>[http://www.thecrownestate.co.uk/70_interactive_maps_marine.htm?txtName=Map_North_Hoyle Interactive Map for Marine Estate<!-- Bot generated title -->]</ref>
| [[Lillgrund Wind Farm|Lillgrund]] || 110 || {{flag|Sweden}} || 48 × [[Siemens]] 2.3{{Failed verification|date=July 2010}} || 2007 || <ref name=rew20091008/>
|-
|-
| [[Lynn and Inner Dowsing]] || 194 || {{flag|United Kingdom}} || 54 × [[Siemens]] 3.6-107 || 2008 || <ref>[http://www.thecrownestate.co.uk/70_interactive_maps_marine.htm?txtName=Map_Lynn Interactive Map for Marine Estate<!-- Bot generated title -->]</ref><ref>[http://www.thecrownestate.co.uk/70_interactive_maps_marine.htm?txtName=Map_Inner_Dowsing Interactive Map for Marine Estate<!-- Bot generated title -->]</ref><ref>[http://news.bbc.co.uk/2/hi/uk_news/england/lincolnshire/7388949.stm Wind farm's first turbines active]</ref>
| [[Scroby Sands wind farm|Scroby Sands]] || 60 || {{flag|United Kingdom}} || 30 × Vestas V80-2MW || 2004 || <ref>[http://www.thecrownestate.co.uk/70_interactive_maps_marine.htm?txtName=Map_Scroby_Sands Interactive Map for Marine Estate<!-- Bot generated title -->]</ref>
|-
|-
| [[Middelgrunden]] || 40 || {{flag|Denmark}} || 20 × Bonus 2MW{{Failed verification|date=July 2010}} || 2001 || <ref name=rew20091008/>
| [[Middelgrunden]] || 40 || {{flag|Denmark}} || 20 × Bonus 2MW || 2001 || <ref>{{cite web
|url=http://www.middelgrunden.dk/middelgrunden/sites/default/files/public/file/Location.pdf
|title=Middelgrunden Location
|accessdate=2010-08-19
}}</ref>
|-
|-
| [[North Hoyle]] || 60 || {{flag|United Kingdom}} || 30 × Vestas V80-2MW || 2003 || <ref>[http://www.thecrownestate.co.uk/70_interactive_maps_marine.htm?txtName=Map_North_Hoyle Interactive Map for Marine Estate<!-- Bot generated title -->]</ref>
| Kemi Ajos I + II || 30 || {{flag|Finland}} || 10 × WinWinD 3MW || 2008 || <ref>[http://www.winwind.fi/english/materiaalit/wwd_ajos2007.pdf winwind]</ref>
|-
|-
| [[Nysted Wind Farm]] || 166 || {{flag|Denmark}} || 72 × [[Siemens]] 2.3{{Failed verification|date=July 2010}} || 2003 || <ref name=rew20091008/>
| [[Thorntonbank Wind Farm|Thornton Bank I]] || 30 || {{flag|Belgium}} || 6 × [[REpower]] 5 MW || 2008 || <ref name="EWEA2008">{{cite web
|url=http://www.ewea.org/fileadmin/ewea_documents/documents/statistics/Offshore_Wind_Farms_2008.pdf
|title=Offshore Wind Farms 2008|date=2009-02-02
|publisher=EWEA|accessdate=2009-02-04}}</ref>
|-
|-
| [[Princess Amalia Wind Farm|Princess Amalia]] || 120 || {{flag|Netherlands}} || 60 × Vestas V80-2MW{{Failed verification|date=July 2010}} || 2008 || <ref name=rew20091008/>
| [[Arklow Bank Wind Park|Arklow Bank]] || 25 || {{flag|Ireland}} || 7 × 3.6 [[General Electric|GE]] || 2004 || <ref name="EWEA2008" />
|-
| [[Rhyl Flats]] || 90 || {{flag|United Kingdom}} || 25 × [[Siemens]] 3.6-107 || 2009 || <ref>[http://www.thecrownestate.co.uk/70_interactive_maps_marine.htm?txtName=Map_Rhyl_Flats Interactive Map for Marine Estate<!-- Bot generated title -->]</ref><ref>[http://www.rwe.com/web/cms/mediablob/en/354764/data/250908/57591/rwe-npower-renewables/Rhly-Flats-inauguration-press-release.pdf Rhyl Flats inauguration press release]</ref><ref>[http://www.bwea.com/ukwed/offshore.asp BWEA Offshore wind farms]</ref>
|-
| [[Robin Rigg Wind Farm|Robin Rigg (Solway Firth)]] || 180{{Failed verification|date=April 2010}} || {{flag|United Kingdom}} || 60 × [[Vestas V90-3MW]]{{Failed verification|date=April 2010}} || 2010 || <ref>[http://www.thecrownestate.co.uk/70_interactive_maps_marine.htm?txtName=Map_Robin_Rigg Interactive Map for Marine Estate<!-- Bot generated title -->]</ref><ref name="bwea.com"/>
|-
|-
| [[Samsø]] || 23 || {{flag|Denmark}} || 10 × [[Siemens]] 2.3 || 2003 || <ref>[http://www.samsohavvind.dk/ Samsø Havvind<!-- Bot generated title -->]</ref>
| [[Samsø]] || 23 || {{flag|Denmark}} || 10 × [[Siemens]] 2.3 || 2003 || <ref>[http://www.samsohavvind.dk/ Samsø Havvind<!-- Bot generated title -->]</ref>
|-
|-
| Sprogø || 21 || {{flag|Denmark}} || [[Vestas V90-3MW]] || 2009 || <ref name="EWEA2008"/>
| [[Scroby Sands wind farm|Scroby Sands]] || 60 || {{flag|United Kingdom}} || 30 × Vestas V80-2MW || 2004 || <ref>[http://www.thecrownestate.co.uk/70_interactive_maps_marine.htm?txtName=Map_Scroby_Sands Interactive Map for Marine Estate<!-- Bot generated title -->]</ref>
|-
| [[Thorntonbank Wind Farm|Thornton Bank I]] || 30 || {{flag|Belgium}} || 6 × [[REpower]] 5 MW || 2008 || <ref name="EWEA2008">{{cite web|url=http://www.ewea.org/fileadmin/ewea_documents/documents/statistics/Offshore_Wind_Farms_2008.pdf|title=Offshore Wind Farms 2008|date=2009-02-02|publisher=EWEA|accessdate=2009-02-04}}</ref>
|-
| Tunø Knob || 5 || {{flag|Denmark}} || 10 × Vestas 500&nbsp;kW{{Failed verification|date=July 2010}} || 1995 || <ref name=rew20091008/>
|-
| Utgrunden || 10.5 || {{flag|Sweden}} || 5 × [[GE 1.5 MW wind turbine|GE 1.5 MW]]{{Failed verification|date=July 2010}} || 2001 || <ref name=rew20091008/>
|-
| Vindeby || 5 || {{flag|Denmark}} || 11 × [[Siemens]] 450{{Failed verification|date=July 2010}} || 1991 || <ref name=rew20091008/>
|-
| Yttre Stengrund || 10 || {{flag|Sweden}} || 5 × [[NEG Micon]] 2MW || 2002 || <ref name="EWEA2008" />
|-
|-
| Rønland I || 17.2 || {{flag|Denmark}} ||4x Vestas V80-2MW, 4x Bonus/Siemens SWT-2.3-93 || 2003 || <ref>[http://www.roenland.dk/ Rønland 1]</ref> <ref>[http://www.thewindpower.net/wind-farm-730.php Windpower.net: Rønland]</ref> <ref>[http://www.4coffshore.com/windfarms/roenland-denmark-dk04.html 4cOffshore listing for Rønland 1]</ref>
|-
|-
| Irene Vorrink || 16.8 || {{flag|Netherlands}} || 28 × [[NEG Micon]] 600&nbsp;kW || 1996 || <ref name="EWEA2008" />
|}
|}


== Under construction ==
==Top 10 under construction ==
The following table lists offshore wind farms that are currently under construction as of the date in each cited source.


{|class="wikitable sortable"
{|class="wikitable sortable"
Line 92: Line 95:
! Wind farm !! Capacity ([[Megawatt|MW]]) !! Country !! Turbines and model !! Completion !! References
! Wind farm !! Capacity ([[Megawatt|MW]]) !! Country !! Turbines and model !! Completion !! References
|-
|-
| Avedøre || 7.2 || {{flag|Denmark}} || &nbsp; || 2009 || <ref name=ewea2008/>
| [[Greater Gabbard wind farm|Greater Gabbard]] || 504|| {{flag|United Kingdom}} || 140 × [[Siemens]] 3.6-107 || 2011 || <ref name="EWEA2008"/>
|-
|-
| [[Baltic 1 Offshore Wind Farm|Baltic 1]] || 48 || {{flag|Germany}} || 21 SWT 2.3-93 || 2010 || <ref name=upi20090421>[http://www.upi.com/Energy_Resources/2009/04/21/Siemens-wins-offshore-wind-contract/UPI-69161240320865/ Siemens wins offshore wind contract]</ref>
| [[BARD Offshore 1|Bard 1]] || 400 || {{flag|Germany}} || 80 × BARD 5.0 || 2010 || <ref>{{cite web | title = Weg frei für den Windpark im Meer | url = http://www.nordsee-zeitung.de/Home/Region/Cuxland/Weg-frei-fuer-den-Windpark-im-Meer-_arid,182964_puid,1_pageid,17.html | accessdate = 2009-07-26}}</ref>
|-
| [[BARD Offshore 1]] || 400 || {{flag|Germany}} || 80 × BARD 5.0 || 2010 || <ref>{{cite web | title = Weg frei für den Windpark im Meer | url = http://www.nordsee-zeitung.de/Home/Region/Cuxland/Weg-frei-fuer-den-Windpark-im-Meer-_arid,182964_puid,1_pageid,17.html | accessdate = 2009-07-26}}</ref>
|-
| [[Bligh Bank Offshore Wind Farm|Bligh Bank]] || 165 || {{flag|Belgium}} || 55 × [[Vestas V90-3MW]] || 2011 || <ref>{{cite web | title = Belwind | url = http://www.belwind.eu | accessdate = 2009-08-03}}</ref>
|-
| [[Donghai Bridge Wind Farm]] || 100 || {{flag|China}} || 34 × Sinovel 3 MW || 2010 || <ref name="ChinaOrg20090417">{{cite news|last= Wei|first= Wang|title= Shanghai builds China's biggest offshore wind farm|language= en|publisher= [[china.org.cn]]|date= 2009-04-17|url= http://www.china.org.cn/environment/news/2009-04/17/content_17625802.htm|accessdate= 2009-09-25 }}</ref><ref>{{cite web|url= http://www.chinadaily.com.cn/bizchina/2009-06/24/content_8316168.htm|title= Sinovel develops 3MW offshore wind turbine}}</ref>
|-
| Frederikshavn || 12 || {{flag|Denmark}} || &nbsp; || 2010 || <ref name=ewea2008/>
|-
| Gasslingegrund || 30 || {{flag|Sweden}} || 10 × Winwind WWD-3-100 || 2009 || <ref name=ewea2008/>
|-
|-
| [[Sheringham Shoal Offshore Wind Farm|Sheringham Shoal]] || 315 || {{flag|United Kingdom}} || 88 × Siemens 3.6-107 || 2011 || <ref name="siemens_3.6_107">{{Cite web|url=http://www.powergeneration.siemens.com/products-solutions-services/products-packages/wind-turbines/products/swt-3-6-107/|title=SWT-3.6-107 Wind Turbine|publisher=[[Siemens]]|accessdate=2009-07-19}}</ref><ref name="sheringham_shoal_fact_sheet">{{Cite web|url=http://www.statoilhydro.com/en/TechnologyInnovation/NewEnergy/RenewablePowerProduction/Offshore/SheringhamShoel/Downloads/Fact%20sheet.pdf|title=Sheringham Shoal Offshore Wind Farm|publisher=[[StatoilHydro]]|accessdate=2009-07-19|format=PDF}}</ref>
| [[Greater Gabbard wind farm]] || 500|| {{flag|United Kingdom}} || 140 × [[Siemens]] 3.6-107 || 2011 || <ref name=ewea2008/>
|-
|-
| [[Ormonde Wind Farm]] || 150 || {{flag|United Kingdom}} || 30 × RePower 5M || 2013 || <ref name=ewea2008/>
| [[Thanet Offshore Wind Project|Thanet]] || 300 || {{flag|United Kingdom}} || 100 × [[Vestas V90-3MW]] || 2010 || <ref>{{cite web|title= Thanet|publisher= The Engineer Online|date = 2008-07-25| url = http://www.theengineer.co.uk/Articles/308825/Wind+farm+project.htm | accessdate = 2008-11-26}}</ref>
|-
|-
| [[Nysted_Wind_Farm#R.C3.B8dsand_II|Rødsand II]] || 200 || {{flag|Denmark}} || 72 × [[Siemens]] 2.3-93 || 2010 || <ref>http://www.powergeneration.siemens.com/press/press-releases/renewable-energy/2008/ERE200810002.htm</ref>
| [[Nysted_Wind_Farm#R.C3.B8dsand_II|Rødsand II]] || 200 || {{flag|Denmark}} || 72 × [[Siemens]] 2.3-93 || 2010 || <ref>http://www.powergeneration.siemens.com/press/press-releases/renewable-energy/2008/ERE200810002.htm</ref>
|-
|-
| Walney Phase 1 || 183.6 || {{flag|United Kingdom}} || 51 x 3.6MW Siemens SWT|| 2011 || <ref>{{cite web
| [[Sheringham Shoal Offshore Wind Farm]] || 315 || {{flag|United Kingdom}} || 88 × Siemens 3.6-107 || 2011 || <ref name="siemens_3.6_107">{{Cite web|url=http://www.powergeneration.siemens.com/products-solutions-services/products-packages/wind-turbines/products/swt-3-6-107/|title=SWT-3.6-107 Wind Turbine|publisher=[[Siemens]]|accessdate=2009-07-19}}</ref><ref name="sheringham_shoal_fact_sheet">{{Cite web|url=http://www.statoilhydro.com/en/TechnologyInnovation/NewEnergy/RenewablePowerProduction/Offshore/SheringhamShoel/Downloads/Fact%20sheet.pdf|title=Sheringham Shoal Offshore Wind Farm|publisher=[[StatoilHydro]]|accessdate=2009-07-19|format=PDF}}</ref>
|-
| Sprogø || 21 || {{flag|Denmark}} || [[Vestas V90-3MW]] || 2009 || <ref name=ewea2008/>
|-
| [[Thanet Offshore Wind Project]] || 300 || {{flag|United Kingdom}} || 100 × [[Vestas V90-3MW]] || 2010 || <ref>{{cite web|title= Thanet|publisher= The Engineer Online|date = 2008-07-25| url = http://www.theengineer.co.uk/Articles/308825/Wind+farm+project.htm | accessdate = 2008-11-26}}</ref>
|-
| [[Floating_wind_turbine#Blue_H_Technologies|Tricase]] || 90 || {{flag|Italy}} || 38 × 2.4 MW || 2012 || <ref name=OffshoreMag200909>[http://www.bluehgroup.com/press/Offshore_Industry_Blue_H_Technologies_September_2009.pdf Floating Wind Turbines: Deepwater Installation] ''Offshore Industry'' 2:4, Sep. 2009, p. 48-51.</ref>
|-
| Walney Wind Farm || 367.2 || {{flag|United Kingdom}} || 102 x 3.6MW Siemens SWT|| 2011 || <ref>{{cite web
|url=http://www.dongenergy.com/Walney/News/data/Pages/Newsletter_no_2_May_2010.aspx
|url=http://www.dongenergy.com/Walney/News/data/Pages/Newsletter_no_2_May_2010.aspx
|publisher=DONG energy
|publisher=DONG energy
Line 132: Line 117:
}}</ref>
}}</ref>
|-
|-
| [[Bligh Bank Offshore Wind Farm|Bligh Bank (Belwind)]] || 165 || {{flag|Belgium}} || 55 × [[Vestas V90-3MW]] || 2011 || <ref>{{cite web | title = Belwind | url = http://www.belwind.eu | accessdate = 2009-08-03}}</ref>
|}

== Proposed ==
The following table lists offshore wind farms that are only at a ''proposal'' stage:

{|class="wikitable sortable"
|-
|-
| [[Ormonde Wind Farm|Ormonde]] || 150 || {{flag|United Kingdom}} || 30 × RePower 5M || 2013 || <ref name="EWEA2008"/>
! Wind Farm !! Capacity ([[Megawatt|MW]]) !! Country !! References<!-- Only for red-links -->
|-
|-
| [[Donghai Bridge Wind Farm|Donghai Bridge]] || 100 || {{flag|China}} || 34 × Sinovel 3 MW || 2010 || <ref name="ChinaOrg20090417">{{cite news|last= Wei|first= Wang|title= Shanghai builds China's biggest offshore wind farm|language= en|publisher= [[china.org.cn]]|date= 2009-04-17|url= http://www.china.org.cn/environment/news/2009-04/17/content_17625802.htm|accessdate= 2009-09-25 }}</ref><ref>{{cite web|url= http://www.chinadaily.com.cn/bizchina/2009-06/24/content_8316168.htm|title= Sinovel develops 3MW offshore wind turbine}}</ref>
| [[Anholt Offshore Wind Farm]] || 400 || {{flag|Denmark}}
| <ref>{{cite web
| url= http://www.rechargenews.com/energy/wind/article218455.ece
| title= Dong gets green light for 400MW Anholt despite high prices
| last= Bjartnes |first= Anders | date= June 22, 2010 | work= Recharge |publisher=
| accessdate= 2010-06-23 }}</ref>
|-
|-
| [[Floating_wind_turbine#Blue_H_Technologies|Tricase]] || 90 || {{flag|Italy}} || 38 × 2.4 MW || 2012 || <ref name=OffshoreMag200909>[http://www.bluehgroup.com/press/Offshore_Industry_Blue_H_Technologies_September_2009.pdf Floating Wind Turbines: Deepwater Installation] ''Offshore Industry'' 2:4, Sep. 2009, p. 48-51.</ref>
| Borkum-West II Wind Farm || 400 || {{flag|Germany}} || <ref>[http://www.eib.org/projects/pipeline/2008/20080237.htm Borkum West II Offshore Windpark]</ref>
<!--
|-
|-
| [[Borkum Riffgat]] || 220 || {{flag|Germany}} || <ref>[http://pepei.pennnet.com/display_article/344499/6/ARCHI/none/PRODJ/1/EWE,-Enova-form-JV-to-develop-Riffgat-wind-park-offshore-Germany/ EWE, Enova form JV to develop Riffgat wind park offshore Germany]</ref>
| [[Baltic 1 Offshore Wind Farm|Baltic 1]] || 48 || {{flag|Germany}} || 21 SWT 2.3-93 || 2010 || <ref name=upi20090421>[http://www.upi.com/Energy_Resources/2009/04/21/Siemens-wins-offshore-wind-contract/UPI-69161240320865/ Siemens wins offshore wind contract]</ref>
|-
|-
| Gasslingegrund || 30 || {{flag|Sweden}} || 10 × Winwind WWD-3-100 || 2009 || <ref name="EWEA2008"/>
| Breeveertien II || 350 || {{flag|Netherlands}} || <ref>[http://www.thecareerengineer.com/engineering-news/1283/New_wind_farm_could_create_energy_engineering_jobs_in_the_North_Sea.html New wind farm could create energy engineering jobs in the North Sea]</ref>
|-
-->
|}
| Bristol Channel || 1,500 || {{flag|United Kingdom}} || <ref name="bbc20100108">[http://news.bbc.co.uk/2/hi/business/8448203.stm New UK offshore wind farm licences are announced], BBC News, 2010-01-08</ref>

== Top 10 Proposed windfarms ==
The following table lists the ten largest offshore wind farms (by nameplate capacity) that are only at a ''proposal'' stage, and have achieved at least some of the formal consents required before construction can begin. Where the bottom place in the table is tied, the proposal that is closest to commencing construction is listed.

{|class="wikitable sortable"
|-
|-
! Wind Farm !! Capacity ([[Megawatt|MW]]) !! Country !! Consents !! References
| Buzzards Bay Wind Farm || 300 || {{flag|United States}} || <ref>[http://www.boston.com/news/local/massachusetts/articles/2006/05/24/buzzards_bay_wind_farm_proposed/?page=full Buzzards Bay wind farm proposed]</ref>
|-
| Butendiek || 300 || {{flag|Germany}} || <ref>[http://www.spiegel.de/international/business/0,1518,604586,00.html Offshore Wind Farms Fall Victim to Financial Crisis]</ref><ref>http://www.airtricity.com/international/wind_farms/offshore/germany/consented/butendiek/</ref>
|-
| [[Cape Wind]] || 454 || {{flag|United States}} || <ref>{{cite news
| url= http://www.capewind.org/FAQ-Category4-Cape+Wind+Basics-Parent0-myfaq-yes.htm
| title= FAQ's About Cape Wind
| date= 2010 | work= [[Cape Wind]] |publisher=
| accessdate= 2010-04-28 }}</ref>
|-
| Changxing Island Wind Farm || 102 || {{flag|China}} || <ref name="ChinaOrg20090417"/>
|-
|-
| [[Dogger_Bank#Wind_farm|Dogger Bank]] || 9,000 || {{flag|United Kingdom}} || Crown Estate Round 3 || <ref name="bbc20100108"/>
| [[Codling Wind Park]] || 1,100 || {{flag|Ireland}} || <ref>[http://www.codlingwindpark.ie/index.html Codling wind park successfully obtained consent for the construction of 220 turbines]</ref>
|-
|-
| Norfolk Bank || 7,200 || {{flag|United Kingdom}} || Crown Estate Round 3 || <ref name="bbc20100108"/>
| [[Dantysk Offshore Wind Farm]] || 400 || {{flag|Germany}} || <ref>[http://www.industrialinfo.com/showAbstract.jsp?newsitemID=149071 Vattenfall Plans 400-Megawatt Dantysk Offshore Windfarm Near Germany], Industrial Info Resources, news article, no date given on source.</ref>
|-
|-
| Irish Sea || 4,200 || {{flag|United Kingdom}} || Crown Estate Round 3 ||<ref name="bbc20100108"/>
| [[Delaware Offshore Wind Farm]] || 200 || {{flag|United States}} || <ref>“[http://www.washingtonpost.com/wp-dyn/content/article/2008/06/23/AR2008062302217.html Agreement Reached On Del. Wind Farm]”, ''[[The Washington Post]]'', June 24, 2008, page B02.</ref>
|-
|-
| Hornsea || 4,000 || {{flag|United Kingdom}} || Crown Estate Round 3 || <ref name="bbc20100108"/>
| Docking Shoal Wind Farm || 500 || {{flag|United Kingdom}} || <ref>[http://www.lynnnews.co.uk/hunstanton/Power-for-340000-homes-from.4806350.jp Power for 340,000 homes from Docking Shoal windfarms]</ref><ref name= bwea>[http://www.bwea.com/pdf/briefings/offshore05_small.pdf BWEA Briefing Sheet: Offshore Wind] p. 4.</ref>
|-
|-
| [[Dogger_Bank#Wind_farm|Dogger Bank]] || 9,000 || {{flag|United Kingdom}} || <ref name="bbc20100108"/>
| Firth of Forth || 3,500 || {{flag|United Kingdom}} || Crown Estate Round 3 || <ref name="bbc20100108"/>
|-
| [[Dublin Array]] || 48 || {{flag|Ireland}} || <ref>[http://www.4coffshore.com/windfarms/windfarms.aspx?windfarmID=ie04 Dublin Array Map]</ref>
|-
|-
| Bristol Channel || 1,500 || {{flag|United Kingdom}} || Crown Estate Round 3 ||<ref name="bbc20100108">[http://news.bbc.co.uk/2/hi/business/8448203.stm New UK offshore wind farm licences are announced], BBC News, 2010-01-08</ref>
| East China Sea Wind Farm || &nbsp; || {{flag|China}} || <ref name="ChinaOrg20090417"/>
|-
| Evanston, Illinois || 200{{Failed verification|date=July 2010}}<!-- the journalist in the source misunderstands power (megawatts, or MW) and energy (MWh). The source says "the wind farm could provide 200MW of annual electricity"; if it is annual, then it is a measure of energy, not power. We need another source, perhaps a technical source, where the editor understands technology and could catch this sort of error. -->
|| {{flag|United States}} || <ref>[http://www.afreshsqueeze.com/chicago/articles/wind-farm-coast-evanston A Wind Farm off the Coast of Evanston? - A Fresh Squeeze]</ref>
|-
|-
| Fengxian Bay Wind Farm || &nbsp; || {{flag|China}} || <ref name="ChinaOrg20090417"/>
| Moray Firth || 1,300 || {{flag|United Kingdom}} || Crown Estate Round 3 || <ref name="bbc20100108"/>
|-
|-
| Triton Knoll || 1,200 || {{flag|United Kingdom}} || Crown Estate Round 2 || <ref>[http://www.pmworldtoday.net/fascinating_projects/2009/feb/Design%20of%20Triton%20Knoll%20Offshore%20Wind%20Farm%20Project%20off%20UK%20coast%20kicks%20off.htm Design of Triton Knoll Offshore Wind Farm Project off UK Coast Kicks Off]</ref>
| Firth of Forth || 3,500 || {{flag|United Kingdom}} || <ref name="bbc20100108"/>
|-
|-
| [[Codling]] || 1,100 || {{flag|Ireland}} || 99-year Foreshore Lease || <ref>[http://www.codlingwindpark.ie/index.html Codling wind park successfully obtained consent for the construction of 220 turbines]</ref> <ref>[http://www.codlingwindpark.ie/project.html Lease information]</ref>
| Great Lakes Array || 1,600 || {{flag|Canada}} || <ref name="trilliumpower.com">[http://www.trilliumpower.com/investors/success/]</ref>
|-
|-
| [[Gwynt y Môr]] || 576 || {{flag|United Kingdom}} || <ref>[http://www.rwe.com/web/cms/mediablob/en/427766/data/250908/65428/rwe-npower-renewables/blob.pdf RWE Innogy, Stadtwerke München and Siemens build offshore wind farm Gwynt y Môr]</ref>
| [[London Array]] || 1,000 || {{flag|United Kingdom}} || Crown Estate Round 3 || <ref>{{cite news|url=http://www.londonarray.com/category/press-releases/|title=E.ON and DONG Energy become 50:50 partners in world’s largest offshore wind farm|publisher=The London Array|accessdate=2009-09-29}}</ref>
|-
|}

| Hastings || 600 || {{flag|United Kingdom}} || <ref name="bbc20100108"/>
==Other strongly notable offshore wind farms==
|-
{|class="wikitable sortable"
| Hornsea || 4,000 || {{flag|United Kingdom}} || <ref name="bbc20100108"/>
|-
| Hywind II — Hywind-M|| TBD || {{flag|United States}} || <ref name=semar20100719>
[http://www.semar.no/sider/tekst.asp?side=152 Hywind II Project], Structural Engineers and Marine Consultants, Norway, accessed 2010-07-.</ref>
|-
| Hywind II — Hywind-S|| 12 || {{flag|Scotland}} || <ref name=semar20100719/><ref name=scotsman20100710>
[http://news.scotsman.com/environment/Scotland-lined-up-as-potential.6412330.jp Scotland lined up as potential site for first floating wind farm], ''[[The Scotsman|news.Scotsman.com]]'', 2010-07-10, accessed 2010-07-19, "''Statoil has identified two potential sites off the Scottish coast —- one in the west and one in the east —- as the location for a larger demonstrator project of up to five floating turbines.''"</ref>
|-
| [[Innogy Nordsee 1]] || 960 || {{flag|Germany}} || <ref>[http://www.renewableenergyworld.com/rea/news/article/2009/01/rwe-innogy-acquires-rights-to-build-960-mw-offshore-wind-farm-54607 RWE Innogy Acquires Rights To Build 960-MW Offshore Wind Farm, January 28, 2009]</ref>
|-
| Irish Sea || 4,200 || {{flag|United Kingdom}} || <ref name="bbc20100108"/>
|-
| Isle of Wight || 900 || {{flag|United Kingdom}} || <ref name="bbc20100108"/>
|-
| Korsnas || 600 || {{flag|Finland}} || <ref>[http://www.renewableenergyworld.com/rea/news/article/2007/05/germany-plans-up-to-600-mw-wind-power-park-in-finland-48517 Germany Plans Up to 600&nbsp;MW Wind Power Park in Finland]</ref>
|-
| Liepaja Offshore Wind Park || 900 || {{flag|Latvia}} || <ref>[http://jkenergy.eu/?m=22&l=en JK Energy, Ltd acquires license from Ministry of Economics]</ref>
|-
| [[Lincs Wind Farm]] || 250 || {{flag|United Kingdom}} || <ref name= bwea/><ref>[http://www.energysavingtrust.org.uk/Resources/Daily-news/Lincs-wind-farm-contract-signed/(energysavingtrust)/13285 Lincs wind farm contract signed]</ref>
|-
| [[London Array]] || 1,000 || {{flag|United Kingdom}} || <ref>{{cite news|url=http://www.londonarray.com/category/press-releases/|title=E.ON and DONG Energy become 50:50 partners in world’s largest offshore wind farm|publisher=The London Array|accessdate=2009-09-29}}</ref>
|-
| Maine floating-turbine wind farm || accepting proposals </br> from multiple vendors || {{flag|United States}} || <ref name=mst20100606>
[http://www.pressherald.com/news/the-point-man-on-offshore-wind-clearly-energized_2010-06-06.html State point man on offshore wind clearly energized], ''[[Maine Sunday Telegram]]'', 2010-06-06, accessed 2010-06-13, ''"In September, the state plans to send out bids to build the world's first floating, commercial wind farm off the Maine coast."''</ref>
|-
| Moray Firth || 1,300 || {{flag|United Kingdom}} || <ref name="bbc20100108"/>
|-
| NaiKun Wind || 400 || {{flag|Canada}} || <ref>[http://www.naikun.ca/the_project/project_site.php Project Site located in Hecate Strait between Haida Gwaii and Prince Rupert on the British Columbia mainland]</ref>
|-
| [[Neart Na Gaoithe]] || 420 || {{flag|United Kingdom}} || <ref name=uktg20090428>[http://www.telegraph.co.uk/sponsored/business/businesstruth/5238497/Wind-Energy-Mainstream-Renewable-Power.html Wind Energy: Mainstream Renewable Power], Telegraph.co.UK, 28 Apr 2009</ref>
|-
| Norfolk Bank || 7,200 || {{flag|United Kingdom}} || <ref name="bbc20100108"/>
|-
| [[Oriel Wind Farm]] || 330 || {{flag|Ireland}} || <ref>[http://www.orielwind.com/project_information.html Oriel Windfarm Project Information]</ref>
|-
| Race Bank Wind Farm || 620 || {{flag|United Kingdom}} || <ref>[http://newenergyfocus.com/do/ecco.py/view_item?listid=1&listcatid=32&listitemid=2174&section=Wind Centrica seeks consent for 620MW Race Bank offshore wind farm]</ref>
|-
| [[Skerd Rocks]] ||100 || {{flag|Ireland}} || <ref>[http://www.fsteo.com/ Fuinneamh Sceirde Teoranta]</ref>
|-
| Superior Array || 650 || {{flag|Canada}} || <ref name="trilliumpower.com"/>
|-
| SWAY/[[Enova SF|Enova]] || 10 || {{flag|Norway}} || <ref name=wpm20100713>
[http://www.windpowermonthly.com/channel/technology/news/1015869/Floating-offshore-wind-farm-planned-North-Sea/ Floating offshore wind farm planned for North Sea], ''WindPower Monthly'', 2010-07-13, accessed 2010-07-19, ''Norway has said [that its] greater focus has been on experimental floating turbine technology [including] the 10MW floating turbine being developed by SWAY and state enterprise Enova.''</ref>
|-
| [[Trillium Power Wind 1]] || 414 || {{flag|Canada}} || <ref>[http://www.trilliumpower.com/energy/project-wind-1/]</ref>
|-
| Trillium Power Wind 2 || 740 || {{flag|Canada}} || <ref name="trilliumpower.com"/>
|-
| Triton Knoll Wind Farm || 1,200 || {{flag|United Kingdom}} || <ref>[http://www.pmworldtoday.net/fascinating_projects/2009/feb/Design%20of%20Triton%20Knoll%20Offshore%20Wind%20Farm%20Project%20off%20UK%20coast%20kicks%20off.htm Design of Triton Knoll Offshore Wind Farm Project off UK Coast Kicks Off]</ref>
|-
| Wasatch Wind || 4,400 || {{flag|Canada}} & {{flag|USA}} || <ref name="trilliumpower.com">[http://www.edie.net/news/news_story.asp?id=17046 World's largest off-shore wind farm moves closer], ''Environmental Data Interactive Exchange News'', 2009-10-01, Accessed 2009-10-04</ref>
|-
| West Duddon Wind Farm || 500 || {{flag|United Kingdom}} || <ref name= bwea/><ref>[http://www.redorbit.com/news/business/1544851/scottishpower_receives_planning_permission_for_west_of_duddon_sands_wind/index.html ScottishPower Receives Planning Permission for West of Duddon Sands Wind Farm]</ref>
|-
|-
! Wind Farm !! Country !! Year !! Notability !! References
| Far Rockaway Wind Farm || 700 || {{flag|United States}} || <ref>[http://www.queenstribune.com/news/News_051310_WindFarm.html]</ref>
|-
|-
| [[Beatrice Wind Farm|Beatrice]] || {{flag|United Kingdom}} || 2007 || Installation in deepest waters: 2 x [[REpower]] 5M, in depths of 46-48 metres ||<ref>[http://www.beatricewind.co.uk/home/default.asp Beatrice wind farm demonstrator project]</ref>
| [[West Lamma Channel]] || 100|| {{flag|Hong Kong}} || <ref>[http://greenenergyreporter.com/2010/02/hongkong-electric-holdings-propose-100-megawatt-offshore-project/]</ref>
|-
|-
| [[Floating_wind_turbine#Hywind|Hywind]] || {{flag|Norway}} || 2009 || First floating turbine to be installed in deep waters || <ref name="Patel2009">{{cite news|last= Patel|first= Prachi|coauthors= |title= Floating Wind Turbines to Be Tested|work= |publisher= [[IEEE Spectrum]]|date= 2009-06-22|url= http://www.spectrum.ieee.org/green-tech/wind/floating-wind-turbines-to-be-tested|format= |doi= |accessdate= 2009-06-25 }}</ref><ref name="BBC20090908">{{cite news|url=http://news.bbc.co.uk/2/hi/8235456.stm?ls|title=Floating challenge for offshore wind turbine|last=Madslien|first=Jorn|date=8 September 2009|work=BBC News|publisher=BBC|accessdate=2009-09-16}}</ref>
| Offshore from [[Clear Water Bay]] ||150-200|| {{flag|Hong Kong}} || <ref>[http://www.bloomberg.com/apps/news?pid=newsarchive&sid=aXT_oAFGvv6Q ]</ref><ref>[http://www.thestandard.com.hk/news_detail.asp?pp_cat=1&art_id=17956&sid=7789241&con_type=1]</ref>
|}
|}


Line 263: Line 177:
* [[List of largest power stations in the world#Wind|List of largest wind farms in the world]]
* [[List of largest power stations in the world#Wind|List of largest wind farms in the world]]
* [[List of offshore wind farms in the United Kingdom]]
* [[List of offshore wind farms in the United Kingdom]]
* [[List of offshore wind farms in Denmark]]


== References ==
== References ==

Revision as of 17:04, 1 September 2010

This article is about offshore wind farms. For onshore wind farms, see List of onshore wind farms.
One of the turbines at the Kentish Flats Wind Farm.

This page lists the top 25 offshore wind farms that are currently operational, rated by nameplate capacity. In the case of a tied bottom place in the table, the wind farm with the earliest commissioning date is used. It also lists the ten largest under construction (with the earliest forecasted completion date being used as a tie-breaker); the ten largest proposed that have attained at least some of the necessary formal consents (with extent of consents obtained being the tie-breaker); and other notable offshore wind farms.

The 25 largest operational offshore wind farms

Wind farm Capacity (MW) Country Turbines and model Commissioned References
Horns Rev II 209  Denmark 91 × Siemens SWP 2.3-93 2009 [1]
Lynn and Inner Dowsing 194  United Kingdom 54 × Siemens 3.6-107 2008 [2][3][4]
Robin Rigg (Solway Firth) 180  United Kingdom 60 × Vestas V90-3MW 2010 [5][6]
Gunfleet Sands 172  United Kingdom 48 × Siemens 3.6-107 2010 [7][6]
Nysted I 166  Denmark 72 × Siemens 2.3 2003 [8]
Horns Rev I 160  Denmark 80 × Vestas V80-2MW 2002 [9]
Princess Amalia 120  Netherlands 60 × Vestas V80-2MW 2008 [10]
Lillgrund 110  Sweden 48 × Siemens 2.3 2007

[11]

Egmond aan Zee 108  Netherlands 36 × Vestas V90-3MW 2006

[12]

Donghai Bridge 102  China 34x Sinovel SL3000/90 2010 [13] [14]
Barrow 90  United Kingdom 30 × Vestas V90-3MW 2006 [15]
Burbo Bank 90  United Kingdom 25 × Siemens 3.6-107 2007 [16]
Kentish Flats 90  United Kingdom 30 × Vestas V90-3MW 2005 [17]
Rhyl Flats 90  United Kingdom 25 × Siemens 3.6-107 2009 [18][19][20]
Alpha Ventus 60  Germany 6 × REpower 5M,
6 × Multibrid M5000		 2009 [21][22]
North Hoyle 60  United Kingdom 30 × Vestas V80-2MW 2003 [23]
Scroby Sands 60  United Kingdom 30 × Vestas V80-2MW 2004 [24]
Middelgrunden 40  Denmark 20 × Bonus 2MW 2001 [25]
Kemi Ajos I + II 30  Finland 10 × WinWinD 3MW 2008 [26]
Thornton Bank I 30  Belgium 6 × REpower 5 MW 2008 [27]
Arklow Bank 25  Ireland 7 × 3.6 GE 2004 [27]
Samsø 23  Denmark 10 × Siemens 2.3 2003 [28]
Sprogø 21  Denmark Vestas V90-3MW 2009 [27]
Rønland I 17.2  Denmark 4x Vestas V80-2MW, 4x Bonus/Siemens SWT-2.3-93 2003 [29] [30] [31]
Irene Vorrink 16.8  Netherlands 28 × NEG Micon 600 kW 1996 [27]

Top 10 under construction

Wind farm Capacity (MW) Country Turbines and model Completion References
Greater Gabbard 504  United Kingdom 140 × Siemens 3.6-107 2011 [27]
Bard 1 400  Germany 80 × BARD 5.0 2010 [32]
Sheringham Shoal 315  United Kingdom 88 × Siemens 3.6-107 2011 [33][34]
Thanet 300  United Kingdom 100 × Vestas V90-3MW 2010 [35]
Rødsand II 200  Denmark 72 × Siemens 2.3-93 2010 [36]
Walney Phase 1 183.6  United Kingdom 51 x 3.6MW Siemens SWT 2011 [37][38]
Bligh Bank (Belwind) 165  Belgium 55 × Vestas V90-3MW 2011 [39]
Ormonde 150  United Kingdom 30 × RePower 5M 2013 [27]
Donghai Bridge 100  China 34 × Sinovel 3 MW 2010 [40][41]
Tricase 90  Italy 38 × 2.4 MW 2012 [42]

Top 10 Proposed windfarms

The following table lists the ten largest offshore wind farms (by nameplate capacity) that are only at a proposal stage, and have achieved at least some of the formal consents required before construction can begin. Where the bottom place in the table is tied, the proposal that is closest to commencing construction is listed.

Wind Farm Capacity (MW) Country Consents References
Dogger Bank 9,000  United Kingdom Crown Estate Round 3 [43]
Norfolk Bank 7,200  United Kingdom Crown Estate Round 3 [43]
Irish Sea 4,200  United Kingdom Crown Estate Round 3 [43]
Hornsea 4,000  United Kingdom Crown Estate Round 3 [43]
Firth of Forth 3,500  United Kingdom Crown Estate Round 3 [43]
Bristol Channel 1,500  United Kingdom Crown Estate Round 3 [43]
Moray Firth 1,300  United Kingdom Crown Estate Round 3 [43]
Triton Knoll 1,200  United Kingdom Crown Estate Round 2 [44]
Codling 1,100  Ireland 99-year Foreshore Lease [45] [46]
London Array 1,000  United Kingdom Crown Estate Round 3 [47]

Other strongly notable offshore wind farms

Wind Farm Country Year Notability References
Beatrice  United Kingdom 2007 Installation in deepest waters: 2 x REpower 5M, in depths of 46-48 metres [48]
Hywind  Norway 2009 First floating turbine to be installed in deep waters [49][50]

See also

Wikimedia Commons has media related to Offshore wind farms.

References

  1. ^ Horns Rev II turbines
  2. ^ Interactive Map for Marine Estate
  3. ^ Interactive Map for Marine Estate
  4. ^ Wind farm's first turbines active
  5. ^ Interactive Map for Marine Estate
  6. ^ a b [1] UK Wind Energy Database
  7. ^ Interactive Map for Marine Estate
  8. ^ "Introduction to the (Nysted offshore) park". Retrieved 2010-08-19.
  9. ^ Horns Revolution, Modern Power Systems, 2002-10-05, accessed 2010-04-14.
  10. ^ "Prinses Amaliawindpark Project Details". Retrieved 2010-08-19.
  11. ^ "Offshore Windfarm Lillgrund, Sweden". Retrieved 2010-08-19.
  12. ^ "Egmond aan Zee Offshore Wind Farm, Netherlands". Retrieved 2010-08-19.
  13. ^ Donghai Bridge at 4cOffshore
  14. ^ Xinhuanet news
  15. ^ http://www.bowind.co.uk/keyfacts.shtml
  16. ^ [2]
  17. ^ [3]
  18. ^ Interactive Map for Marine Estate
  19. ^ Rhyl Flats inauguration press release
  20. ^ BWEA Offshore wind farms
  21. ^ "E.ON Energy Projects: Borkum Offshore Wind Farm Power Plants on Order". E.ON. Retrieved 2008-08-17.
  22. ^ "Press release" (in German). alpha-ventus. 2008-07-25. Retrieved 2008-08-17.
  23. ^ Interactive Map for Marine Estate
  24. ^ Interactive Map for Marine Estate
  25. ^ "Middelgrunden Location" (PDF). Retrieved 2010-08-19.
  26. ^ winwind
  27. ^ a b c d e f "Offshore Wind Farms 2008" (PDF). EWEA. 2009-02-02. Retrieved 2009-02-04.
  28. ^ Samsø Havvind
  29. ^ Rønland 1
  30. ^ Windpower.net: Rønland
  31. ^ 4cOffshore listing for Rønland 1
  32. ^ "Weg frei für den Windpark im Meer". Retrieved 2009-07-26.
  33. ^ "SWT-3.6-107 Wind Turbine". Siemens. Retrieved 2009-07-19.
  34. ^ "Sheringham Shoal Offshore Wind Farm" (PDF). StatoilHydro. Retrieved 2009-07-19.
  35. ^ "Thanet". The Engineer Online. 2008-07-25. Retrieved 2008-11-26.
  36. ^ http://www.powergeneration.siemens.com/press/press-releases/renewable-energy/2008/ERE200810002.htm
  37. ^ "Newsletter no. 2 - May 20, 2010". DONG energy. 2010-05-20. Retrieved 2010-07-29.
  38. ^ "EIB examines over £300m of funding for connecting offshore wind farms". Retrieved 2010-07-29.
  39. ^ "Belwind". Retrieved 2009-08-03.
  40. ^ Wei, Wang (2009-04-17). "Shanghai builds China's biggest offshore wind farm". china.org.cn. Retrieved 2009-09-25.
  41. ^ "Sinovel develops 3MW offshore wind turbine".
  42. ^ Floating Wind Turbines: Deepwater Installation Offshore Industry 2:4, Sep. 2009, p. 48-51.
  43. ^ a b c d e f g New UK offshore wind farm licences are announced, BBC News, 2010-01-08
  44. ^ Design of Triton Knoll Offshore Wind Farm Project off UK Coast Kicks Off
  45. ^ Codling wind park successfully obtained consent for the construction of 220 turbines
  46. ^ Lease information
  47. ^ "E.ON and DONG Energy become 50:50 partners in world's largest offshore wind farm". The London Array. Retrieved 2009-09-29.
  48. ^ Beatrice wind farm demonstrator project
  49. ^ Patel, Prachi (2009-06-22). "Floating Wind Turbines to Be Tested". IEEE Spectrum. Retrieved 2009-06-25. {{cite news}}: Cite has empty unknown parameter: |coauthors= (help)
  50. ^ Madslien, Jorn (8 September 2009). "Floating challenge for offshore wind turbine". BBC News. BBC. Retrieved 2009-09-16.

External links

Retrieved from "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=List_of_offshore_wind_farms&oldid=382308773"