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* {{flagicon|ENG}} [[Ian Bishop (footballer)|Ian Bishop]], [[New Orleans Shell Shockers]] (2004), English [[Premier League]] player
* {{flagicon|ENG}} [[Ian Bishop (footballer)|Ian Bishop]], [[New Orleans Shell Shockers]] (2004), English [[Premier League]] player
* {{flagicon|USA}} [[Nat Borchers]], [[Boulder Rapids Reserve]] (2002), U.S. international
* {{flagicon|USA}} [[Nat Borchers]], [[Boulder Rapids Reserve]] (2002), U.S. international
* {{flagicon|PHI}} [[Henry Brauner]], [[Seacoast United Phantoms|New Hampshire Phantoms]]/[[Ventura County Fusion]] (2008–2009), Philippines international
* {{flagicon|PHI}} [[Henry Brauner]], [[Seacoast United Phantoms|New Hampshire Pgohantoms]]/[[Ventura County Fusion]] (2008–2009), Philippines international
* {{flagicon|JAM}} [[Deshorn Brown]], [[Des Moines Menace]]/[[Reading United A.C.|Reading United]] (2011–2012), Jamaican international
* {{flagicon|JAM}} [[Deshorn Brown]], [[Des Moines Menace]]/[[Reading United A.C.|Reading United]] (2011–2012), Jamaican international
* {{flagicon|USA}} [[Teal Bunbury]], [[Rochester Thunder]] (2009), U.S. international, 2009 Hermann Trophy winner
* {{flagicon|USA}} [[Teal Bunbury]], [[Rochester Thunder]] (2009), U.S. international, 2009 Hermann Trophy winner
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* {{flagicon|USA}} [[Clarence Goodson]], [[Boulder Rapids Reserve]] (2003), U.S. international
* {{flagicon|USA}} [[Clarence Goodson]], [[Boulder Rapids Reserve]] (2003), U.S. international
* {{flagicon|FRA}} [[Sidney Govou]], [[FC Miami City Champions]] (2015–present), French international, French [[Ligue 1]] player
* {{flagicon|FRA}} [[Sidney Govou]], [[FC Miami City Champions]] (2015–present), French international, French [[Ligue 1]] player
* {{flagicon|CMR}} [[Marcel Mahouvé]], [[FC Miami City Champions]] (2015–present), Cameroon international, French [[Ligue 1]] player
* {{flagicon|USA}} [[Henry Gutierrez]], [[Cary RailHawks U23s]] (2008), U.S. international
* {{flagicon|USA}} [[Henry Gutierrez]], [[Cary RailHawks U23s]] (2008), U.S. international
* {{flagicon|GUM}} [[Ryan Guy]], [[Boulder Rapids Reserve]] (2005), Guam international
* {{flagicon|GUM}} [[Ryan Guy]], [[Boulder Rapids Reserve]] (2005), Guam international

Revision as of 20:26, 12 January 2016

Premier Development League
File:PDLlogo2016.jpg
Founded1995
CountryUnited States
Other club(s) fromCanada
ConfederationUS Soccer
Divisions10 in 4 Conferences
Number of teams57 US
6 Canadian
Level on pyramid4 (US), 4 (CA)
Promotion toNone
Relegation toNone
Domestic cup(s)Lamar Hunt U.S. Open Cup
Current championsK-W United FC
(2015)
Most championshipsCape Cod Crusaders
Central Coast Roadrunners
Michigan Bucks
Chicago Sockers
(2 titles each)
Websitewww.uslpdl.com
Current: 2015 PDL season
File:Pdllogo.jpg
PDL logo used until 2010
File:PremierDevelopmentLeague.png
PDL logo used until 2015

The Premier Development League (commonly known as the PDL) is a development league sponsored by United Soccer Leagues in the United States and Canada, forming part of the United States soccer league system. It is currently considered the top-level men's amateur soccer competition in the United States, although it has no official designation as such from US Soccer. The league has 65 teams competing in four conferences, split into ten regional divisions. Unofficially, it is considered to be the fourth tier of competition, behind Major League Soccer, the North American Soccer League and the United Soccer League, along with the National Premier Soccer League which is also considered to be in the fourth tier of competition in the United States. With USL Pro re-branding as the United Soccer League in February 2015, the PDL dropped the "USL" descriptor from their name, simply operating as the "Premier Development League".

K-W United FC are the reigning PDL champions, having defeated the New York Red Bulls U-23 4–3 in the 2015 PDL Championship game on August 2, 2015.

Competition format

The Premier Development League, as of the 2015 season, is divided into 4 conferences (Eastern, Southern, Central, and Western), comprising 10 divisions. The league season runs from May through July, with the playoffs decided through July and August. Most divisions aim to play a balanced regular season schedule of between 12-14 games in a round-robin home and away format, with the top 2-3 teams of each division advancing to the playoffs.

Playoffs

The PDL Playoffs see most regular season division champions earn automatic buys into the Conference Semifinals, with some second and third place division runners-up competing in single match elimination Divisional Qualifiers. All matches in the PDL Playoffs are played in single match elimination format, with the higher seeded team hosting the match, until a Champion is decided at a predetermined neutral location for a playoff weekend, in which both the Semi-Final and Championship matches are played.

History

1990s

In 1995 the United States Interregional Soccer League (USISL) changed its name to the United States International Soccer League, and split into two leagues, one professional (the 'Professional League', which ultimately became the USL Second Division) and one amateur (the 'Premier League'). The purpose for the split was to expand into and improve the soccer capabilities of many urban areas throughout the United States and Canada, while offering current college soccer players the opportunity to continue playing during the summer months without losing their college eligibility. The inaugural season of the new USISL Premier League featured 27 teams, and the Richmond Kickers won the first title, beating the Cocoa Expos 3–1 in the championship game.[1] Gabe Jones of the Austin Lone Stars was the league's top scorer and MVP.

The United States International Soccer League changed its name again in 1996, to the United Systems of Independent Soccer Leagues, and before the season, there was substantial movement of teams between the Pro League, the Premier League and the newly created Select League (which would later merge with the A-League, and eventually become the USL First Division). The Premier League grew to 34 teams in its second year, with the Central Coast Roadrunners from San Luis Obispo, California beating the San Francisco Bay Seals in the championship game to take the title.[2] Pasi Kinturi of the Nashville Metros was the league's top scorer and MVP.

Brian Ching was the PDL Rookie of the Year in 1998

The Premier League renamed itself the Premier Development Soccer League (PDSL) in 1997, and the Central Coast Roadrunners repeated as national champions, the first team to do so, beating the Cocoa Expos in the PDSL championship game.[3] Lester Felicia of the Jackson Chargers was the league's MVP, while Rodrigo Costa of the Detroit Dynamite was the leading scorer and the league's Rookie of the Year, tallying 21 goals and 2 assists for 44 points. In 1998 the PDSL took to the field with 33 teams, including four associate members from the Pacific Coast Soccer League who played shortened schedules after their PCSL season was over. In the championship game the San Gabriel Valley Highlanders upset regular season champions Jackson Chargers 3–2, taking the trophy to California for the third straight year. Rodrigo Costa of the Detroit Dynamite was the league MVP, Boniventure Manati of the Jackson Chargers was the league's top scorer, and a young striker by the name of Brian Ching from the Spokane Shadow was named Rookie of the Year.[4]

In 1999 the umbrella USISL changed its name to the United Soccer Leagues, and the Premier Development Soccer League dropped the 'soccer' part of its name and became known as the United Soccer Leagues Premier Development League, or PDL. The league took in several teams from the D3Pro league, expanding to 42 teams in six divisions. Expansion franchise Chicago Sockers ultuimately won the league, beating Spokane Shadow 3–1 for the title in a tight championship game. Fabio Eidenwein of the Sioux City Breeze was named League MVP and was the top scorer, with 20 goals.[5]

2000s

The PDL expanded by a further eight franchises in 2000, and the Chicago Sockers won their second straight title, beating the Mid-Michigan Bucks in a close 1–0 championship game. The single goal was scored by Rodrigo Costa who, having received a pass from teammate Hamid Mehreioskouei, chipped Bucks goalkeeper Eric Pogue from 18 yards through a crowded penalty area. Fernando Salazar of the Los Angeles-based San Fernando Valley Heroes was the league's MVP, while his teammate Arshak Abyanli took the honors as top goalscorer.[6]

The league grew from 41 to 44 teams in 2001 through the usual mix of relegation from D3Pro, teams folding and new franchises being added. In the semifinals, the Westchester Flames defeated Sioux Falls Spitfire 5–1 and Calgary Storm defeated Des Moines Menace 2–1; in the final, Westchester defeated Calgary 3–1 to take their first league title.[7] Des Moines and Chicago Fire Reserves dominated the 2002 regular season, but both teams stuttered in the playoffs; the PDL final saw the Cape Cod Crusaders defeating the Boulder Rapids Reserve 2–1 to bring the title to the Northeast for the second year in a row. 2002 also saw the debut of the soon-to-be PDL legend, Tomas Boltnar of Des Moines Menace, who secured an unprecedented triple-crown of PDL MVP, Top Scorer and Rookie of the Year.[8]

The mid-2000s was a period of steady growth and consolidation for the PDL. A TV agreement with Fox Soccer Channel saw the PDL Championship game being broadcast live on national television in North America for the first time, and professional teams began investing in the league by adding U-23 development sides as an addition to their senior rosters. Cape Cod repeated as PDL champs in 2003, beating the Chicago Fire Reserves in the final[9] (and despite the presence of Jürgen Klinsmann playing for Orange County Blue Star), while 2004 saw the title head to Florida for the first time as the Central Florida Kraze overcame perennial bridesmaids Boulder Rapids Reserve.[10]

Des Moines Menace took the PDL Championship trophy back to Iowa in 2005 after beating the El Paso Patriots 6–5 on penalty kicks, following a 0–0 draw in the PDL Championship game.[11][12] 2006 saw the beginning of two seasons of dominance for two teams: the Michigan Bucks and the Laredo Heat. Both teams made the PDL Final in 2006 and 2007, with the Bucks emerging victorious in '06 with a 2–1 win thanks to goals by Kenny Uzoigwe and Ty Shipalane,[13][14] only for Laredo to get their revenge the following year with an epic penalty kicks win after a 0–0 tie in regulation time.

Laredo became the first team to make three consecutive PDL championship games in 2008, but fell at the final hurdle to Thunder Bay Chill, who became the first ever Canadian side to win the PDL following their 4–1 penalty shootout victory.[15] The PDL had grown to 68 teams by 2009, and to reflect their growing reputation, introduced a new scheme called PDL-Pro, whereby certain teams would be allowed to act as professional clubs, paying players, while still adhering to NCAA collegiate eligibility rules, and the USL's own age restriction policy. Ventura County Fusion returned the PDL title to Southern California for the first time in over a decade with a stoppage-time victory over Chicago Fire Premier, and in doing so became the lowest-seeded team to claim the national title.[16]

USL League Two is located in the United States
Charlottesville Blues FC
Charlottesville Blues FC
Christos FC
Christos FC
Lionsbridge FC
Lionsbridge FC
Northern Virginia FC
Northern Virginia FC
Patuxent Football Athletics
Patuxent Football Athletics
Virginia Beach United
Virginia Beach United
Virginia Marauders FC
Virginia Marauders FC
Cedar Stars Rush
Cedar Stars Rush
Hudson Valley Hammers
Hudson Valley Hammers
Ironbound SC
Ironbound SC
Long Island Rough Riders
Long Island Rough Riders
Manhattan SC
Manhattan SC
Morris Elite SC
Morris Elite SC
FC Motown
FC Motown
New Jersey Copa FC
New Jersey Copa FC
Staten Island Asc
Staten Island Asc
Westchester Flames
Westchester Flames
Lehigh Valley United
Lehigh Valley United
Ocean City Nor'Easters
Ocean City Nor'Easters
Philadelphia Lone Star FC
Philadelphia Lone Star FC
Reading United AC
Reading United AC
Real Central New Jersey
Real Central New Jersey
West Chester United SC
West Chester United SC
AC Connecticut
AC Connecticut
Albany Rush
Albany Rush
Black Rock FC
Black Rock FC
Boston Bolts
Boston Bolts
Boston City FC
Boston City FC
Pathfinder FC
Pathfinder FC
Seacoast United Phantoms
Seacoast United Phantoms
Vermont Green FC
Vermont Green FC
Western Mass Pioneers
Western Mass Pioneers
Charlotte Eagles
Charlotte Eagles
Charlotte Independence 2
Charlotte Independence 2
North Carolina FC U23
North Carolina FC U23
Salem City FC
Salem City FC
SC United Bantams
SC United Bantams
Tobacco Road FC
Tobacco Road FC
Wake FC
Wake FC
West Virginia United
West Virginia United
Bavarian United SC
Bavarian United SC
Minneapolis City SC
Minneapolis City SC
RKC Third Coast
RKC Third Coast
Rochester FC
Rochester FC
St. Croix SC
St. Croix SC
Thunder Bay Chill
Thunder Bay Chill
Afc Ann Arbor
Afc Ann Arbor
Flint City Bucks
Flint City Bucks
Kalamazoo FC
Kalamazoo FC
Lansing City Football
Lansing City Football
Michiana Lions FC
Michiana Lions FC
Midwest United FC
Midwest United FC
Oakland County FC
Oakland County FC
Union FC Macomb
Union FC Macomb
Chicago City SC
Chicago City SC
Chicago Dutch Lions FC
Chicago Dutch Lions FC
Des Moines Menace
Des Moines Menace
Peoria City
Peoria City
River Light FC
River Light FC
St. Charles FC
St. Charles FC
Sueño FC
Sueño FC
Cleveland Force SC
Cleveland Force SC
Dayton Dutch Lions
Dayton Dutch Lions
FC Buffalo
FC Buffalo
Fort Wayne FC
Fort Wayne FC
Kings Hammer FC
Kings Hammer FC
Toledo Villa FC
Toledo Villa FC
Asheville City SC
Asheville City SC
Athens United
Athens United
Birmingham Legion 2
Birmingham Legion 2
Dothan United SC
Dothan United SC
East Atlanta Dutch Lions FC
East Atlanta Dutch Lions FC
Southern Soccer Academy Kings
Southern Soccer Academy Kings
Tennessee SC
Tennessee SC
Miami AC
Miami AC
Sarasota Paradise
Sarasota Paradise
St. Petersburg FC
St. Petersburg FC
Swan City SC
Swan City SC
Tampa Bay United
Tampa Bay United
Weston FC
Weston FC
AC Houston Sur
AC Houston Sur
AHFC Royals
AHFC Royals
Corpus Christi FC
Corpus Christi FC
Hill Country Lobos
Hill Country Lobos
Houston FC
Houston FC
Twin City Toucans FC
Twin City Toucans FC
Brave SC
Brave SC
Brevard SC
Brevard SC
Brooke House FC
Brooke House FC
Florida Elite SA
Florida Elite SA
Inter Gainesville KF
Inter Gainesville KF
Nona FC
Nona FC
Blue Goose SC
Blue Goose SC
Hattiesburg FC
Hattiesburg FC
Little Rock Rangers
Little Rock Rangers
Louisiana Krewe FC
Louisiana Krewe FC
Mississippi Brilla FC
Mississippi Brilla FC
Albion SC Colorado
Albion SC Colorado
CISA
CISA
Flatirons Rush
Flatirons Rush
New Mexico United U23
New Mexico United U23
Salt City SC
Salt City SC
Utah Avalanche
Utah Avalanche
Utah United
Utah United
Ballard FC
Ballard FC
Capital FC Atletico
Capital FC Atletico
FC Olympia
FC Olympia
Lane United FC
Lane United FC
Midlakes United
Midlakes United
Tacoma Stars
Tacoma Stars
United PDX
United PDX
West Seattle Junction FC
West Seattle Junction FC
Arizona Arsenal SC
Arizona Arsenal SC
AMSG FC
AMSG FC
Capo FC
Capo FC
Coachella FC
Coachella FC
FC Tucson
FC Tucson
Redlands FC
Redlands FC
Southern California Seahorses
Southern California Seahorses
Ventura County Fusion
Ventura County Fusion
Academica SC
Academica SC
Almaden FC
Almaden FC
Davis Legacy SC
Davis Legacy SC
Marin FC Legends
Marin FC Legends
Monterey Bay FC 2
Monterey Bay FC 2
Project 51O
Project 51O
San Francisco City FC
San Francisco City FC
San Francisco Glens SC
San Francisco Glens SC
Locations of USL League Two franchises.

Eastern Conference: Northeast Division Mid Atlantic Division Metropolitan Division Chesapeake Division South Atlantic Division
Central Conference: Great Lakes Division Heartland Division Valley Division Deep North Division
Southern Conference: South Central Division Southeast Division South Florida Division Mid South Division Lone Star Division
Western Conference: Mountain Division Northwest Division NorCal Division Southwest Division


2010s

The 2010s began with a record, as the Portland Timbers U23s ended the season as national champions, beating Thunder Bay Chill 4–1 in the 2010 PDL Championship game.[17] The Timbers also had the best regular season record, winning all their 16 games, scoring 53 goals and conceding just six along the way. In doing so the Timbers became the first team to post a perfect PDL regular season record since the Jackson Chargers in 1998,[18] the first regular season champion to win the playoffs since the Central Coast Roadrunners in 1996, and the first team in PDL history to go through an entire PDL regular season and playoff campaign without posting a loss or a tie. Portland Timbers U23s striker Brent Richards was named League MVP and Rookie of the Year for his stellar campaign with the national champions. Players from Canadian side Thunder Bay Chill led the majority of the statistical categories, with striker Brandon Swartzendruber leading the league with 15 goals, while his teammate Gustavo Oliveira led the league with 13 assists. Portland Timbers U23s goalkeeper Jacob Gleeson enjoyed the best goalkeeping statistics, allowing just five goals in 15 games and earning with a 0.360 GAA average.[19]

Western Conference teams dominated the league in 2011 for the third year in a row, with the Kitsap Pumas ending the season as national champions, beating Laredo Heat 1–0 in the 2011 PDL Championship game. Kitsap, who lost just one game and conceded just ten goals all season, were the second team from the Northwest Division to win the national title in a row, while Laredo were contesting their fourth championship game in six years. Interestingly, Kitsap also were the first PDL-Pro team to win the championship, a milestone for the league. Kitsap's Western Conference rivals Fresno Fuego had the best regular-season record, posting an unbeaten 13–0–3 record. Fresno midfielder Milton Blanco was named League MVP, after leading the league in points (38) and assists (14) and helping his team to the Southwest Division title. Two Michigan Bucks players – Stewart Givens and Mitch Hildebrandt – were given end-of-season awards as Defender of the Year and Goalkeeper of the Year respectively, while their coach Gary Parsons was named Coach of the Year. Jake Keegan of the Westchester Flames was named Rookie of the Year after tallying 16 goals in 16 games to take the league goal-scoring crown. Keegan accounted for 64 percent of Westchester's goals in 2011 and also finished third in the league in points with 34.[20]

The 2012 PDL season would see a resurgence of the Eastern Conference, as the Michigan Bucks would claim the regular season title, with Canadian rivals Forest City London winning their first ever PDL Championship in an East coast contest, defeating Carolina Dynamo 2–1.[21] Canadian clubs would also have another strong season in 2013, with four of eight Canadian clubs finishing in the final eight and two, the Victoria Highlanders and Thunder Bay Chill, advancing to the semi-finals.[22] After a final four finish in 2012, The Chill would repeat their strong season, winning the 2013 regular season title but falling to the Austin Aztex in the Championship final 3–1 in front of a crowd of 4,253 fans, the largest attendance for a final since 2007.[23][24]

In 2014, the Michigan Bucks would claim their second PDL Championship, defeating the Kitsap Pumas 1-0 on August 3, 2014, following a strong regular season campaign with a record of 9-2-3.[25]

With USL Pro re-branding as the United Soccer League in February 2015,[26] the PDL dropped the "USL" descriptor from their name, simply operating as the "Premier Development League".

The 2015 season would see league newcomers, New York Red Bulls U-23, put forth a very strong showing, finishing first in the Mid Atlantic Division and making it all the way to the Championship Final, before falling to the lower-seeded K-W United FC, who emerged from the very competitive Great Lakes Division, fending off perennial contenders and rivals Forest City London and the defending champions Michigan Bucks on their path to the final. United would come away winners 4-3 over the Red Bulls on August 3, 2015 at Starfire Stadium in Tukwila, Washington to claim their first ever Championship and the third for a Canadian club.[27][28]

Organization

While not strictly a "professional" league[29] in the sense that the majority of players do not receive payment, the PDL prides itself on its professionalism in terms of its organization and the way the league is run, and its dedication to developing young soccer players, preparing them for future careers in professional leagues in the United States and elsewhere. As PDL seasons take place during the summer months, the player pool is drawn mainly from elite NCAA college soccer players seeking to continue playing high-level soccer during their summer break, which they can do while still maintaining their college eligibility.

However, in recent years, teams such as Laredo Heat, New Orleans Jesters, Vancouver Whitecaps FC U-23, Kitsap Pumas and the Hollywood United Hitmen have been embracing at least partial professionalism through a new program called PDL-Pro, whereby teams can choose to employ players who are paid for their performances,[30] but who still meet the age eligibility criteria. This does not contravene NCAA rules, which state that college players cannot play alongside professionals, but may play against them. What this also means, however, is that PDL-Pro teams cannot have any active NCAA players on their rosters, but may employ NAIA and community college players, ex-NCAA players who have already graduated, or other local players who do not play college soccer at all.

In addition, PDL squads often also include standout high school and junior club players, as well as former professionals seeking to continue competing at a high level, often having been forced to retire from top flight competition due to age or injury. PDL rules dictate that a maximum of eight players on each team's 26-man roster can be over 23 years old, while at least three players on each team's roster must be 18 or younger.

Increasingly, the PDL is seen as a 'shop window' for professional clubs looking to discover and identify aspiring professional players who may enter the MLS SuperDraft in future years. Many of the players currently playing in Major League Soccer and elsewhere began their careers in the PDL.

Current clubs

Team Country City/Area Stadium Founded Head Coach
Eastern Conference
Mid Atlantic Division
Baltimore Bohemians U.S. Baltimore, Maryland Bonvegna Field 2011 United States Santino Quaranta
D.C. United U-23 U.S. Leesburg, Virginia Evergreen Sportsplex 2011 England Richie Burke
F.A. Euro U.S. New York, New York Soccer Stadium at Baker Field 2012 Italy Joe Balsamo
Jersey Express S.C. U.S. Newark, New Jersey Lubetkin Field 2007 England Julian Richens
Lehigh Valley United Sonic U.S. Bethlehem, Pennsylvania Whitehall High School 2009 United States Dave Weitzman
Long Island Rough Riders U.S. South Huntington, New York St. Anthony's High School 1994 England Paul Roderick
New York Red Bulls U-23 U.S. Hanover, New Jersey Red Bull Training Facility 2009 (joined 2015) England Simon Nee
Ocean City Nor'easters U.S. Ocean City, New Jersey Carey Stadium 1996 England Neil Holloway
Reading United A.C. U.S. Reading, Pennsylvania Don Thomas Stadium 1996 Republic of Ireland Stephen Hogan
Westchester Flames U.S. New Rochelle, New York City Park Stadium 1999 Greece Gus Skoufis
Northeast Division
AC Connecticut U.S. Danbury, Connecticut Westside Athletic Complex 2011 England Shaun Bailey
GPS Portland Phoenix U.S. Portland, Maine Memorial Stadium 2009 England Paul Baber
Real Boston Rams [31] U.S. Quincy, Massachusetts Veterans Memorial Stadium 2013 United States Jimmy Costa
Seacoast United Phantoms U.S. Portsmouth, New Hampshire Portsmouth High School 1996 United States Stefano Franciosa
Western Mass Pioneers U.S. Ludlow, Massachusetts Lusitano Stadium 1998 United States Joe Calabrese
South Atlantic Division
Carolina Dynamo U.S. Greensboro, North Carolina Macpherson Stadium 1993 England Marc Nicholls
Charlotte Eagles U.S. Charlotte, North Carolina Dickson Field 1991 United States Dave Dixon
Cincinnati Dutch Lions U.S. Cincinnati, Ohio Xavier University Soccer Complex 2013 England Terry Nicholl
SC United Bantams U.S. Greenwood, South Carolina Lander Soccer Complex 2012 United States Van Taylor
Southern West Virginia King's Warriors U.S. Bluefield, West Virginia East River Soccer Complex 2012 United States John Miglarese
West Virginia Chaos U.S. Charleston, West Virginia Schoenbaum Stadium 2003 England Chris Grassie
Southern Conference
Mid South Division
Houston Dutch Lions U.S. Shenandoah, Texas Houston Dutch Lions Soccer Complex 2011 Netherlands Marco Pruis
Laredo Heat U.S. Laredo, Texas Texas A&M International Soccer Complex 2004 Mexico Daniel Galvan
Mississippi Brilla U.S. Jackson, Mississippi Harper Davis Stadium 2006 Scotland Mark McKeever
Midland/Odessa Sockers U.S. Midland, Texas Grande Communications Stadium 2008 United States Matt Barnes
Southeast Division
IMG Academy Bradenton U.S. Bradenton, Florida IMG Academy 1998 United States Scott Dean
Floridians FC [32] U.S. Fort Lauderdale, Florida Central Broward Regional Park 2013 Venezuela Fernando Valenzuela
FC Miami City Champions U.S. Miami, Florida FIU Biscayne Bay Campus 2014 Haiti Wagneau Eloi
Ocala Stampede U.S. Ocala, Florida Trinity Catholic Celtics Stadium 2011 United States Cheyne Roberts
Orlando City U-23 U.S. Lake Mary, Florida Showalter Field 1998 United States Paul Shaw
Palm Beach Suns FC U.S. Boca Raton, Florida Corey Lewis Stadium 2015 Brazil Edson Leivinha
SW Florida Adrenaline [33] U.S. Fort Myers, Florida Barron Collier High School 2013 England John Robinson
Central Conference
Great Lakes Division
Dayton Dutch Lions U.S. West Carrollton, Ohio DOC Stadium 2009 Netherlands Sid van Druenen
Derby City Rovers U.S. Louisville, Kentucky Woehrle Field 2010 United States Tyrone Marshall
Forest City London Canada London, Ontario German-Canadian Club of London Field 2008 Canada Martin Painter
K-W United FC Canada Kitchener-Waterloo, Ontario University Stadium (Waterloo, Ontario) 2010 Canada Chris Pozniak
Michigan Bucks U.S. Pontiac, Michigan Ultimate Soccer Arenas 1995 United States Gary Parsons
Pittsburgh Riverhounds U23 U.S. Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania Highmark Stadium 2013 United States Josh Rife
Toronto FC Academy Canada Toronto, Ontario KIA Training Ground 2015 Canada Michael Stefano
Heartland Division
Chicago Fire U-23 U.S. Bridgeview, Illinois Toyota Park Turf Field 2001 England Mark Spooner
Des Moines Menace U.S. Des Moines, Iowa Valley Stadium 1994 United States Mike Matkovich
Springfield Synergy FC U.S. Springfield, Missouri Cooper Sports Complex 1997 United States Armen Tonianse
St. Louis Lions U.S. St. Louis, Missouri Tony Glavin Soccer Complex 2006 Scotland Tony Glavin
Thunder Bay Chill Canada Thunder Bay, Ontario Chapples Park Stadium 2000 Canada Tony Colistro
WSA Winnipeg Canada Winnipeg, Manitoba John Scouras Field 2010 Romania Eduardo Badescu
Western Conference
Northwest Division
Calgary Foothills FC Canada Calgary, Alberta Hellard Field 1972 England Tommy Wheeldon
Kitsap Pumas U.S. Bremerton, Washington Gordon Field 2008 United States Peter Fewing
Lane United FC U.S. Eugene, Oregon Willamalane Center 2013 United States John Galas
Portland Timbers U23s U.S. Portland, Oregon Providence Park 2008 United States Jim Rilatt
Puget Sound Gunners FC U.S. Issaquah, Washington Issaquah High School 2010 Brazil Alex Silva
Seattle Sounders FC U-23 U.S. Pierce County, Washington TBA 2006 United States Darren Sawatzky
Washington Crossfire U.S. Redmond, Washington Redmond High School 2007 United States Seth Spidahl
Mountain Division
Albuquerque Sol FC U.S. Albuquerque, New Mexico Ben Rios Field 2013 England Matt Gordon
BYU Cougars U.S. Provo, Utah The Stadium at South Field 1995 United States Chris Watkins
FC Tucson U.S. Tucson, Arizona Kino Veterans Memorial Stadium 2010 United States Rick Schantz
Las Vegas Mobsters U.S. Las Vegas, Nevada Peter Johann Memorial Field 2013 England Paul Barron
Real Colorado Foxes U.S. Highlands Ranch, Colorado Shea Stadium 2008 United States Leigh Davies
Southwest Division
Burlingame Dragons FC U.S. Burlingame, California Burlingame High School 2014 United States Eric Bucchere
Fresno Fuego U.S. Fresno, California Chukchansi Park 2003 Republic of Ireland Sean Lanigan
Golden State Misioneros FC U.S. Los Angeles, California California State University, San Bernardino 2006 United States Fabian Sandoval
Orange County Blues U23 U.S. Costa Mesa, California Vanguard University Stadium 2011 United States Federico Bianchi
Southern California Seahorses U.S. La Mirada, California Biola University 2001 United States Johnny Juarez-Jackman
Ventura County Fusion U.S. Ventura, California Ventura College 2006 United States Ole Mikkelsen

Future clubs

Team Country City/Area Stadium Founded Head Coach Notes
Kokomo Mantis FC U.S. Kokomo, Indiana Kokomo Municipal Stadium 2015 TBD Expansion [34]
Oklahoma City Energy PDL U.S. Oklahoma City, Oklahoma TBD 2015 TBD Expansion [35]
Tormenta FC U.S. Statesboro, Georgia Eagle Field 2015 Borja Pérez Expansion [36]

Champions

Complete team list

Notable professional players with PDL experience

Many senior international players had their first taste of competitive league experience playing in the PDL. This list includes players who, after playing in the PDL, have achieved some kind of significant success as a professional soccer player – playing internationally for their country, playing in one of the world's top leagues (such as the Premier League in England), being a No. 1 draft pick, or winning a major award such as the MLS Rookie of the Year award or the MAC Hermann Trophy, which is awarded to the best college soccer player of a given year and is American soccer's equivalent of the Heisman Trophy.

Average attendance

Attendance stats are calculated by averaging each team's self-reported home attendances from the historical match archive at http://www.uslsoccer.com/history/index_E.html, and then averaging this league-wide.

References

  1. ^ "United Soccer Leagues, Part 2 (1994–1996)". Homepages.sover.net. February 13, 2010. Retrieved February 28, 2012.
  2. ^ "The Year in American Soccer, 1996". Homepages.sover.net. Retrieved February 28, 2012.
  3. ^ "United Soccer Leagues, Part 3 (1997–1999)". Homepages.sover.net. February 13, 2010. Retrieved February 28, 2012.
  4. ^ "The Year in American Soccer, 1998". Homepages.sover.net. Retrieved February 28, 2012.
  5. ^ "The Year in American Soccer, 1999". Homepages.sover.net. Retrieved February 28, 2012.
  6. ^ "United Soccer Leagues, Part 4 (2000–2003)". Homepages.sover.net. February 14, 2010. Retrieved February 28, 2012.
  7. ^ "United Soccer Leagues, Part 4 (2000–2003)". Homepages.sover.net. February 14, 2010. Retrieved February 28, 2012.
  8. ^ "United Soccer Leagues, Part 4 (2000–2003)". Homepages.sover.net. February 14, 2010. Retrieved February 28, 2012.
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