List of tornadoes striking downtown areas of large cities
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This article is a list of tornadoes that have impacted the central business district (downtown or city center) of a large city (that is, one having at least 50,000 people, not counting suburbs or outlying communities, at the time of the storm).
It is a common myth that tornadoes do not strike downtown areas. The odds are much lower due to the small areas covered, but paths can go anywhere, including over downtown areas. St. Louis, Missouri has taken a direct hit four times in less than a century.[1] Many of the tornadoes listed were extremely destructive or caused numerous casualties, and the occurrence of a catastrophic event somewhere is inevitable.[2]
This list is not exhaustive (listing every single tornado that has struck a downtown area or central business district of any city), as it may never be known if a tornado struck a downtown area, or if it was just a microburst (powerful downward and outward gush of wind, which cause damage from straight-line winds), particularly for older events or from areas with limited information. Downbursts often accompany intense tornadoes, extending damage across a wider area than the tornado path. When a tornado strikes a city, it is occasionally very difficult to determine whether it was a tornadic event at all or if the affected area was indeed the "downtown", "city center", or "central business district" consisting of very high population density and mid to high-rises, as opposed to other heavily urbanized/built-up parts of the city or suburbs. It is sometimes also difficult to determine tornadoes that strike urban cores before 1950, when tornado records (particularly in the US) started to be consistently logged with detail. Before this, lack of details on information from the events, as well as that most cities were far smaller in area and population complicate the record.
For the list of cities that are not listed here for certain reasons, see below.
North America
Note: The F-Scale was superseded by the EF scale in the U.S. on February 1, 2007, and in Canada on April 1, 2013
For tornadoes and cities in: United States, Canada, Mexico, Bahamas, Cuba, Central America, and The Caribbean
South America
South America has no default tornado strength measurement system, so the storms here will be listed using the Fujita Scale.
F# | City | Date | Deaths | Event |
---|---|---|---|---|
F4 | Encarnación, Paraguay[citation needed] | September 20, 1926 | 300 (700 injured) | Violent tornado demolished buildings and houses of the port and city center; categorized as F4 or F5. It is one of the deadliest tornadoes recorded in the world. |
F2 | Mar del Plata, Argentina | April 13, 1993 | 2 (60 injured) | There were more than 300 tornadoes that night along central Argentina. Located within the Corridor of the Tornadoes, this event was the largest tornado outbreak recorded in the Southern Hemisphere in the twentieth century. The most affected locations were Henderson (F3), Urdampilleta (F3) and Mar del Plata (F2).[137] |
F? | Santo Tomé, Santa Fe, Argentina[citation needed] | February 13, 1999 | 5 (47 injured) | |
F3 | Guernica and Glew, Buenos Aires Province, Argentina[citation needed] | January 10, 2001 | 5 (200 injured) | |
F? | Santo Tomé, Santa Fe, Argentina[citation needed] | December 15, 2003 | 5 (50 injured) | |
F3 | Córdoba, Argentina, Argentina[citation needed] | December 26, 2003 | 5 (100 injured) | 400 houses and 1000 trees were damaged or destroyed in this F3 tornado (which lasted for 24 minutes and swept three neighborhoods, making it the longest lived tornado in the Southern Hemisphere). |
F2 | Chivilcoy, Buenos Aires Province, Argentina[138] | January 7, 2006 | 1 (9 injured) | |
F1 | Campinas and Piracicaba, Brazil | 2006 | 0 | In 2006, Campinas (SP) and Piracicaba (SP) were affected by the phenomenon. The speed of the tornado reached 106 kilometers per hour in the first town and 158 kilometers per hour on Monday, as balance of the Center for Weather and Climate Research Applied to Agriculture (Cepagri). |
F2 | Barranquilla, Colombia[138] | September 15, 2006 | (13 injured) | Damaging tornado that was followed by severe flash flooding. |
F1 | Bogotá, Colombia[139] | November 6, 2007 | (1 injured) | Roofs were torn off buildings, including a car dealership. Windows were blown out and trees were uprooted. |
F0 | Buenos Aires, Argentina[citation needed] | March 1, 2008 | 0 | Two strong waterspouts over La Plata River. |
F3 | Buenos Aires, Argentina[citation needed] | April 4, 2012 | 27 (900 injured) | A severe storm system of bow echo gave rise to four tornadoes: two of F1, one of F2 and one of F3 intensity affecting the west and south of Greater Buenos Aires. |
F3 | Limeira, São Paulo, Brazil | March 3, 2013 | 0 | |
F1 | Berazategui | February 21, 2014 | 0 (2 injured) | |
F0 | Brasilia, Brazil[140] | October 1, 2014 | 0 (0 injured) | Brief landspout over land |
F3 | Xanxerê, Santa Catarina, Brazil | April 20, 2015 | 2 (120 injured) | A F3 tornado. Two people died, including a father who managed to save his wife and a baby 3 months.
Another 120 people were injured and about a thousand were left homeless, according to the Fire Department and the Military Police in the city . At least 2,600 homes were damaged and about 200,000 consumer units were without electricity in the region due to the fall of five power transmission towers. |
Europe
Note: The UK uses the TORRO scale.
T#/F# | City | Date | Deaths | Event |
---|---|---|---|---|
T8/F4 | London, England[141][142][143][144] | October 23, 1091 | Unknown | London tornado of 1091, destroyed London Bridge |
F3-F4 | Vyšehrad (now Prague), Bohemia[145] | July 30, 1119 | 890 | Vyšehrad tornado of 1119. |
F? | Prague, Bohemia[146][147] | May 14, 1144 | Unknown | Prague tornado of 1144 |
F2 | Kiev, Ukraine | May 9, 1159 | Unknown | An F2 tornado touched down in Kiev. |
F1 | Prague, Bohemia[145][147] | April 8, 1255 | Unknown | Prague tornado of 1255 |
T7/F3 | Valletta, Malta[142] | September 23, 1551 (or 1556) | 600 | Valletta, Malta tornado |
F? | Augsburg, Germany[146][148] | July 2, 1587 | ||
F? | Rome, Italy[146][149] | December 4, 1645 | ||
F3 | Utrecht, Netherlands[150][151][152] | August 1, 1674 | Unknown | Utrecht, Netherlands tornado, damaged Dom Tower and Cathedral of St. Martin |
F3 | Rome, Italy[146][149] | June 12, 1749 | 2 | Rome tornado of 1749 |
F3 | Padua, Italy[153] | August 17, 1756 | Unknown | Padua, 17th August Tornado; heavy damages to the city, the leaded roof of the Palazzo della Ragione was thrown nearly 30km away |
F5 | Woldegk, Germany[154][155] | June 29, 1764 | 1 | |
F5 | Hainichen, Germany[154][155] | April 23, 1800 | 0 | |
T8/F4 | Portsmouth, England[142] | December 14, 1810 | Unknown | Portsmouth, United Kingdom tornado |
F5 | Monville, France[142][146][154] | August 19, 1845 | ||
F3 | Frankfurt, Germany[156][157] | Summer of 1860 | Unknown | Frankfurt tornado of 1860 |
F? | Brno, Moravia[142][146][154] | October 13, 1870 | Brno, Czech tornado | |
T4/F2 | Vienna, Austria[146] | June 29, 1873 | Unknown | Tornado was observed in vienna. ESWD rated it F2. The severe storms also killed many chickens. |
FU | Berlin, Germany | November 3, 1876 | Unknown | A damaging tornado was observed in berlin. Windmills were picked up and thrown. Tornado was never rated |
F3 | Madrid, Spain[158] | May 12, 1886 | 45 dead | The most catastrophic and deadliest tornado in Spain in the past 200 years, but not the most powerful |
F3 | Esbjerg, Denmark | September 5, 1891 | Unknown | ESWD mentions that an F3 tornado hit esbjerg. Roofs were damaged & a brick factory was partly demolished. Third strongest tornado in denmark, and oldest reported |
F0 | Berlin, Germany | April 13, 1892 | 0 | An tornado was observed in berlin. No damaged observed. |
F2 | Berlin, Germany | October 5, 1893 | 1 injured | ESWD mentions that an F2 tornado hit berlin. 12 year old boy injured. Planks carried about 50 meters. Roofs damaged or destroyed and trees were uprooted or snapped. |
F2 | Paris, France[159] | September 10, 1896 | 5 dead | Tornado touched down in the heart of downtown Paris. |
F0 | Munich, Germany[156] | May 27, 1897 | 0 | Munich tornado of 1897 |
F4 | Cologne, Germany[156][160][161] | August 7, 1898 | 3 | Cologne tornado of 1898 |
T3/F1 | Aschaffenburg, germany[162] | July 29, 1900 | 0 | Tornado caused F1 damage in the city |
FU | Tambov, Russia | June 2, 1902 | 1 | Tornado struck Tambov, claiming 1 fatality. Tornado was never rated |
F4 | Moscow, Russia[163][164][165][166][167][168][169][170] | June 29, 1904 | >100 | 1904 Moscow tornado. The destroyed areas are within the city limits today, but were suburbs in 1904 |
F? | Berlin, Germany[171] | July 25, 1909 | Unknown | Berlin tornado of 1909 |
FU | Nuremberg, Germany | July 22, 1910 | Unknown | A long track tornado was observed in Nuremberg, tracking 35 kilometers. Tornado was never rated |
F3 | Chemnitz, Germany[172][173] | May 27, 1916 | 0 | Chemnitz tornado of 1916 |
T5/F2 | Düsseldorf, Germany[174][175][176] | June 8, 1924 | 2 | Düsseldorf tornado of 1924 |
F3 | Nice, France [citation needed] | December 1, 1924 | ~4 | Nice tornado of 1924 |
F4 | Neede-Berkelland, Netherlands[154] | June 1, 1927 | ||
FU | Berlin, Germany | July 4, 1928 | 0 | A tornado struck berlin along a 6 km long path. tornado was never rated. |
F2 | Salzburg, Austria | June 4, 1929 | 1 Fatality | A tornado struck Salzburg, resulting in 1 fatality, associated with a derecho. ESWD rated the tornado F2. |
F5 | Montello, Italy/Selva de Montello[177] | July 24, 1930 | 23 | Area between Treviso and Udine, Montello tornado |
F3-F4 | Lublin, Poland[154][178] | July 20, 1931 | 3 dead (1 in Lublin, 2 behind Lublin), a dozen injured | Lublin tornado of 1931 |
F4 | Düsseldorf, Germany[179][180] | January 10, 1936 | 2 | Düsseldorf tornado of 1936 |
FU | Nuremberg, Germany | September 18, 1939 | Unknown | A tornado was observed in Nuremberg. Tornado was never rated |
F4 | Borzymmen (Borzymy), Mazury, Poland[154] | July 15, 1940 | ||
FU | Randers, Denmark | July 17, 1941 | Unknown | A tornado struck randers. No damage known. |
F4 | Klodzko-Slaskie, Poland[154] | August 20, 1946 | ||
F2 | Hannover, Germany[181] | September 15, 1950 | 0 | Hannover tornado of 1950 |
T3/F1 | Oldenburg, Germany | May 16, 1953 | 0 | A high-end F1 tornado touched down in Oldenburg |
T2/F1 | Slough, United Kingdom[182] | September 17, 1953 | 0 | A low-end F1 tornado touched down in Slough |
F3 | Castelo Branco, Portugal[183][184] | November 6, 1954 | 5 dead 220 injured | tornadoes in Portugal |
F0 | Magdeburg, Germany[181] | July 25, 1955 | 0 | Magdeburg tornado of 1955 |
F1 | Düsseldorf, Germany[181] | October 6, 1955 | Unknown | Düsseldorf tornado of 1955 |
F1 | Szczecin, Poland[185] | August 25, 1956 | 0 | Szczecin tornado of 1956 |
F1 | Perm, Russia [citation needed] | June 17, 1960 | Unknown | Perm tornado of 1960 |
F1 | Voronezh, Russia [citation needed] | August 14, 1961 | Unknown | Voronezh tornado of 1961 |
FU | Minsk, Belarus[186] | May 18, 1963 | Unknown | Tornado reported in minsk. The tornado was never rated |
F2 | Esbjerg, Denmark | August 1, 1966 | Unknown | ESWD mentions that a tornado destroyed roofs in esbjerg. |
F4 | Padua and Venice, Italy[187][188][189][190][191] | September 11, 1970 | 36 | Struck the area between the Province of Padua and Venice Lagoon. |
F3 | Nizhny Novgorod, Russia[192] | July 3, 1974 | Unknown | Nizhny Novgorod tornado of 1974 |
F1 | Sanremo, italy | January 20, 1981 | 5 injured | Tornado started as a waterspout, moving inland in sanremo. Houses and vehicles damaged and trees were uprooted. Rated F1 by ESWD. |
T3/F1 | Wallasey, UK | November 23, 1981 | 0 | 1981 United Kingdom tornado outbreak |
T2/F1 | St Helens, UK | November 23, 1981 | 0 | 1981 United Kingdom tornado outbreak |
T3/F1 | Warrington, UK | November 23, 1981 | 0 | 1981 United Kingdom tornado outbreak. Tornado started over Croft, but then later hit Warrington. Traveled 6.8 miles. |
T2/F1 | Oldham, UK | November 23, 1981 | 0 | 1981 United Kingdom tornado outbreak. Tornado started in Hollinwood and traveled 3.1 miles, impacting Oldham. |
T2/F1 | Dudley, UK | November 23, 1981 | 0 | 1981 United Kingdom tornado outbreak |
T1/F0 | Luton, UK | November 23, 1981 | 0 | 1981 United Kingdom tornado outbreak |
T1/F0 | Norwich, UK | November 23, 1981 | 0 | 1981 United Kingdom tornado outbreak |
T2/F1 | Chelmsford, UK | November 23, 1981 | 0 | 1981 United Kingdom tornado outbreak |
T2/F1 | Clacton-on-Sea, UK | November 23, 1981 | 0 | 1981 United Kingdom tornado outbreak |
T3/F1 | Berlin, Germany | May 16, 1983 | 0 | An High-end F1 tornado was observed in berlin. |
F5 | Ivanovo/Yaroslavl/Perm/Tver/Kostroma[193][194][195][196][197] | June 9, 1984 | More than 400 deaths in the outbreak | 1984 Soviet Union tornado outbreak |
F1 | Copenhagen, Denmark | June 30, 1997 | 0 | A Tornado hit copenhagen across a 0.7 km long and 60 meter wide path. Rated F1 by ESWD. |
F2 | St Pölten, Austria | July 7, 1998 | 3 Injuries | A Tornado hit Pölten across a 5 km long and 250 meter wide path. ESWD gave the tornado an F2 rating. |
F1 | Saransk, Russia | April 26, 1999 | 0 | A tornado went through Saransk across a 0.5 km long and 10 meter wide path. Two cars were moved. ESWD rated it F1. |
F2 | Monza, Italy | 15 April 2000 | Monza-Villasanta tornado of 2000 | |
F1 | Copenhagen, Denmark | June 11, 2004 | 0 | tornado over copenhagen. Rated F1 by ESWD. |
F1 | Randers, Denmark | July 3, 2004 | 0 | tornado damaged homes across a 2 km long path in randers. Rated F1 by ESWD. |
F2 | Duisburg, Oberhausen, Germany[198] | July 18, 2004 | 6 injured | |
T4/F2 | Birmingham, United Kingdom[199][200][201][202][203][204][205] | July 28, 2005 | 0 killed, 30 injured | Birmingham Tornado (UK) |
F2 | Hamburg, Germany[206][207][208][209] | March 27, 2006 | ||
T4/F2 | Nuremberg, Germany | August 28, 2006 | 0 | A tornado was observed in Nuremberg, tracking 1.7 kilometers with a max width of 250 meters. Roofs and chimneys were damaged, some of which were severely damaged. 10 - 15 meter tall trees were snapped. |
T4/F2 | London, United Kingdom[210][211][212][213][214][215][216][217][218] | December 7, 2006 | 0 | London tornado of 2006 |
F2 | Lutherstadt Wittenberg, Saxony-Anhalt, Germany[219] | January 18, 2007 | Unknown | Kyrill (storm) |
F3 | Brandenburg, Germany-Brachwitz, Germany[219] | January 18, 2007 | Unknown | Kyrill (storm) |
F3 | Lauchhammer, Brandenburg, Germany[219] | January 18, 2007 | Unknown | Kyrill (storm) |
F2 | Frankfurt, Hesse, Germany[220] | June 25, 2007 | Unknown | Oberrad tornado of 2007 |
T4/F2 | Málaga, Spain[221][222][223] | February 1, 2009 | 0 | Málaga tornado of 2009 |
F3 | Saint Petersburg, Russia[citation needed] | July 10, 2010 | 0 | |
F3 | Blagoveshchensk, Russia[224][225] | July 31, 2011 | 1 killed, 38 injured | Blagoveshchensk tornado |
T4/F2 | Venice, Italy[191][226][227][228] | June 12, 2012 | 0 | |
T6/F3 | Silves, Portugal[229] | November 16, 2012 | 1 killed, 13 injured | Algarve tornadoes |
F3 | Taranto, Italy | November 28, 2012 | 1 killed, 42 injured | Wedge tornado over Taranto and Statte. |
T3/F1 | Catania, Italy | November 5, 2014 | Strong F1 tornado over Ognina | |
T1/F0 | Athens, Greece | October 22, 2015 | 0 | ESWD mentions that a tornado hit athens. Trees uprooted & cars damaged. |
FU | Athens, Greece | October 22, 2015 | 0 | ESWD mentions that a landspout also hit athens about an hour later. Damage reported. however, no rating was given. |
F1 | minsk, Belarus | May 29, 2019 | 0 | An F1 tornado damaged multiple roofs in minsk |
T4/F2 | Bocholt, Germany[230][231] | June 4, 2019 | 0 | Roofs were destroyed, vehicles flipped into the air |
F0 | Yakutsk, Russia | June 17, 2019 | 0 | a brief landspout went through Yakutsk. |
T3/F1 | Manchester, UK[232][233] | July 20, 2019 | 19 injured | Caused damage in the city before moving into Cheshire. |
T2/F1 | Amsterdam, Netherlands[234] | August 9, 2019 | 0 | A waterspout hit land and caused damage in Amsterdam's Centrum. |
F1 | Cadiz, Spain | April 15, 2020 | 0 | A tornado started as a waterspout, moving inland in cadiz. Boats were overturned, moved or lifted. A small sized boat was thrown 70 meters. The tornado was rated F1 by ESWD. |
F0 | Dordrecht, Netherlands[235] | June 16, 2020 | 0 | A tornado damaged the roof of a gas station, snapped a tree, and broke large branches off trees. Large branches fell on cars, damaging them. |
F1 | Athens, Greece[236][237] | October 13, 2020 | 3 injuries | an F1 tornado traveled 4.5 km with a max width of 500 meters across athens at 6 in the morning. Large trees were uprooted, some landing on homes & cars. Roofs were damaged & windows were broken. 3 people sustained injuries. |
F2 | Kropyvnytskyi, Ukraine[238][239] | October 17, 2020 | 3 injuries | A tornado caused damage in Kropyvnytskyi. More than 100 roofs were damaged, lots of them badly, occasionally walls collapsed or were badly damaged, dozens of trees were snapped, debranched or uprooted. 3 people sustained injuries. |
F0 | Dnipro, Ukraine | June 8, 2021 | 0 | A Tornado was filmed in dnipro. ESWD rated it F0. |
F1 | Barking, UK[240] | June 25, 2021 | 0 | A tornado caused moderate damage in Barking. |
F1 | Kiel, Germany[241][242] | September 29, 2021 | 7 Injuries | A long track tornado hit Kiel. Started in Meimersdorf , moving through Kiel across a 14.5 km long & 70 meter wide path. It ended near Dorf (Kiel). Roofs were severely damaged by this tornado. A supercell waterspout was also spawned in parallel to the main tornado as it was crossing the rivers near Kiel's dock. The tornado remained on the ground for 31 minutes. Several people were injured when they were thrown into the water. |
F1 | Mechelen, Belgium[243] | October 12, 2021 | 0 | A brief F1 tornado partly blew off the roof of a garage & damaged another apartment. |
F0 | Anapa, Russia | January 29, 2022 | 0 | ESWD mentions that a tornado started as a waterspout, moving inland in Anapa. Roofs were damaged. |
T1/F0 | Sandnes, Norway | February 6, 2022 | 0 | ESWD mentions that a high-end F0 tornado hit sandnes. Roof tiles ripped off, fencing downed & a tree was uprooted. |
FU | Krakow, Poland[244][245] | February 17, 2022 | 2 Fatalities & 2 Injuries | A tornado caused damage in krakow. Roofs were damaged & a construction crane was toppled, killing the operator and another construction worker. |
F2 | Lippstadt, germany[246][247][248] | May 20, 2022 | 0 | A Large wedge tornado hit Lippstadt, associated with a Cyclic Supercell that produced several tornadoes. Considerable damage occurred during this tornado's 13.4 km long path. Roofs were damaged or partly deroofed. Roof tiles were stripped off homes. One Farm sustained heavy deroofing. A church had its wooden tower demolished. trees lost large branches and were uprooted or snapped, some of which landed on vehicles. Some trees sustained debranching as well. No injuries were reported. |
F2 | Paderborn, germany[249][250][251] | May 20, 2022 | 0 Fatalities & 43 Injuries | A tornado, associated with a Cyclic Supercell that produced several tornadoes caused considerable damage to buildings, trees and vehicles in paderborn, leaving 43 injured along its 21.5 km long path. Roofs were severely damaged or destroyed, including a church that saw severe roof tile loss. A factory had its steel roof structure severely destroyed and peeled back. A building had their garageport blown in. Windows were broken and debris was impaled into buidlings, vehicles and objects, including a Ford Transit Connect van that saw significant damage to the trunk when it was impaled by debris. Trees lost large branches, were uprooted, snapped or twisted, some landing on vehicles. Several cars, trucks & caravans were overturned, flipped or destroyed. Damage survey still ongoing. |
F1 | Herford, germany[252][253][254] | May 20, 2022 | 0 | An F1 tornado caused moderate damage in herford, including severely stripping roof tiles. Damage survey ongoing. |
Africa
Africa has no default tornado strength measurement system, so the storms here will be listed using the Fujita Scale.
F# | City | Date | Deaths | Event |
---|---|---|---|---|
F4 | Karoo/Highveld, South Africa (Trompsburg, Johannesburg & Pretoria)[255] | November 26, 1948 | 6 | Johannesburg – Pretoria Tornado |
F? | Albertynesville, South Africa[256] | November 30, 1952 | 20 | Albertynesville, South Africa Tornado |
F2 | Paynesville, South Africa[257] | December 2, 1952 | 11 | Paynesville, South Africa Tornado |
F3 | Senekal, South Africa [citation needed] | September 15, 1988 | 2 | Senekal, South Africa Tornado |
F3 | Mtata, South Africa[258] | December 15, 1998 | 15 | Mtata, South Africa Tornado |
F4 | Mount Ayliff, South Africa[256][258] | January 18, 1999 | 25 | Mount Ayliff, South Africa Tornado Outbreak |
F3 | Heidelberg, Gauteng, South Africa[256] | October 21, 1999 | 0 | Heidelberg, South Africa Tornado Outbreak |
F3 | Mpumalanga, South Africa[20] | September 9, 2002 | 2 | Mpumalanga, South Africa Tornado Outbreak |
F3 | Klerksdorp, South Africa[259] | March 3, 2007 | 1 | Klerksdorp, South Africa Tornado |
F4 | Bébédjia, Logone Oriental Region, Chad [citation needed] | May 9, 2007 | 14, town was destroyed | Bébédjia, Chad Tornado |
F4 | Duduza/East Rand, South Africa[260] | October 2, 2011 | 2 | East Rand – Duduza, South Africa Tornado |
Asia
Most of Asia has no default tornado strength measurement system (though Japan has been known to use the Fujita Scale in the past), so the storms here will be listed using the Fujita Scale.[261]
F#/EF# | City | Date | Deaths | Event |
---|---|---|---|---|
F? | Miyazaki, Miyazaki Prefecture, Japan[261] | September 26, 1881 | 16 | Miyazaki Tornado of 1881 |
F? | Dhaka, Bangladesh[262] | April 7, 1888 | 184 dead, 1200 injured | |
F? | Yodobashi City, Shinjuku, Tokyo, Japan[261] | September 23, 1903 | 10, 14 injured | |
F? | Toyohashi City, Aichi Prefecture, Japan[261] | November 28, 1941 | 12 dead, 177 injured, 347 homes destroyed | |
F4 | Shanghai, China[263] | September 24, 1956 | 68 death, hundreds injured | A typhoon-related event |
F? | Tomiye City, Nagasaki Prefecture, Japan[261] | November 10, 1957 | 8 | |
F? | Tokyo, Japan[261] | May 24, 1964 | 480 homes damaged | |
F4 | Yancheng, China[264] | March 3, 1966 | 87 death, 1246 injured | Lifted a transfomer of tons to the other side of a big river and severely damaged a concrete factory |
F2+ | Tianjin, China[265] | August 28, 1969 | 30+ death, hundreds injured | |
F4-F5 | Tianjin, China[265] | August 29, 1969 | 115+ death, hundreds injured | This tornado first caused high casualties in several villages before entering downtown Tianjin with near peak intensity. Concrete factories were severely damaged and some leveled. |
F3+ | Hulan, China | July 3, 1987 | 1 dead, 161 injured | Hulan, Heilongjiang Tornado |
F? | New Delhi, India[266] | March 17–18, 1978 | 28 dead, 700 injured | New Delhi Tornado |
F3 | Dalatpur Upazila, Manikganj/Saturia, Bangladesh[citation needed] | April 26, 1989 | 1300+ | Daulatpur-Saturia Tornado |
F3 | Mobara, Chiba, Chiba Prefecture, Japan[267] | December 11, 1990 | 0, 78 injured, 1000 homes damaged | Mobara Tornado |
F? | Shanghai, People's Republic of China[268] | August 11, 1995 | 4 | |
F? | Dhaka Division, Bangladesh[269] | May 13, 1996 | 700+ | |
F3 | Toyohashi City, Aichi Prefecture, Japan[270] | September 24, 1999 | 4 | Toyohashi City, Japan Tornadoes |
F? | Tokyo, Japan[261] | September 12, 2000 | 0, several homes damaged | |
F3 | Nobeoka, Miyazaki Prefecture on Kyūshū, Japan[271] | September 18, 2006 | 3 | Nobeoka, Miyazaki Tornado |
EF3 | Longgang, China[272] | August 18, 2007 | 11 dead, 60+ injured | Related to Typhoon Sepat |
EF3+ | Lingbi County, Anhui, People's Republic of China[273] | June 20, 2008 | 1 | Lingbi, Anhui Tornado |
EF1 | New Taipei, Taiwan[274] | May 12, 2011 | 0 known, some light damage | Xindian District, New Taipei city Tornado |
F? | New Manila, Quezon City, Philippines[275] | June 24, 2011 | at least 1 injured, more than 30 homes damaged | New Manila Tornado |
F3 | Tsukuba&Jōsō, Ibaraki Prefecture, Japan[276] | May 6, 2012 | 1 dead,30 injured,345 homes damaged | Tsukuba & Jōsō, Ibaraki Tornado |
EF2+ | Kaohsiung, Taiwan[277] | April 6, 2013 | 2 injured,10 homes damaged | Dashu District, Kaohsiung city Tornado |
F2 | Koshigaya, Saitama Prefecture, Japan[278] | September 2, 2013 | 63 injured,89 homes damaged | Koshigaya, Saitama Tornado |
F? | Mandaue and Lapu-Lapu City, Philippines[279] | November 4, 2013 | 13 injured, more than 20 homes damaged | Tropical Depression Wilma |
F? | Cebu City, Philippines[280] | April 8, 2014 | 1 injured, more than 20 homes damaged | Cebu City Tornado |
EF0 | Taichung, Taiwan[281] | May 29, 2014 | 0 | Waipu District, Taichung city Tornado |
EF2 | Pingtung, Taiwan[282] | July 19, 2014 | 0 | Ligang, Pingtung Tornado |
EF2 | Tainan, Taiwan[283] | July 20, 2015 | 0 | Xinhua District, Tainan city Tornado |
EF1 | Tainan, Taiwan[284] | August 9, 2015 | 1 injured | South District, Tainan city Tornado |
EF3 | Foshan, Guangdong, People's Republic of China[285] | October 4, 2015 | 4 dead, 95 injured | Shunde District, Foshan, Guangdong Tornado |
EF3 | Panyu, Guangdong, People's Republic of China[285] | October 4, 2015 | 3 dead, 100+ injured | Panyu District, Guangzhou, Guangdong Tornado |
EF4+ | Yancheng, Jiangsu, People's Republic of China[286] | June 23, 2016 | 99 dead, 846 injured | Jiangsu tornado |
F? | Manila, Philippines[287] | August 14, 2016 | 1 injured | Manila tornado |
F? | Marikina, Philippines[288] | September 14, 2018 | 2 injured | Typhoon Mangkhut |
EF4 | Kaiyuan, China[289] | July 3, 2019 | 7 death, 190 injured | Kaiyuan, Liaoning Tornado |
EF1 | Yingkou, China[290] | August 16, 2019 | Yingkou, Liaoning Tornado | |
EF2 | Danzhou, China[291] | August 29, 2019 | 8 dead, 8 injured | Related to Tropical Storm Podul |
EF2 | Guangzhou, China | June 16, 2022 | 0 | Tornadoes of 2022#June 16 (China) |
Notable absences
The 1985 Barrie Tornado that struck Barrie, Ontario would be listed here, had it struck today. It is not listed, however, since the town's population was under 50,000 at the time. The tornado that hit Grand Valley, Ontario is not listed for similar reasons. Similarly, the 1999 Oklahoma tornado outbreak that spawned the deadly F5 tornado which struck Oklahoma City and some of its suburbs, including Moore and Midwest City, is not listed because it did not reach the downtown core of Oklahoma City. The 2013 Moore tornado is also not included for the same reason.
Similarly, the downtown areas of two then-small towns (now large cities) in North Carolina were struck during the 1884 Enigma outbreak: Concord and Cary. Downtown Concord was struck a second time by a tornado in May 1936.[292][293][294]
The 1987 Edmonton Tornado is likewise not listed because it struck industrial parks, trailer parks, and suburban areas, and was far away from Edmonton's downtown core. The "Oak Lawn tornado" of April 21, 1967 which killed 33 people, mostly those in rush hour traffic at a busy intersection, and moved across southern Chicago onto Lake Michigan is not included because it missed the downtown core. Most recently, the 2008 Memphis tornado on February 5, 2008, also missed the downtown area (by a significant distance), as did the 2021 Bowling Green tornado.
The Flint–Worcester tornado outbreak sequence in 1953 produced several tornadoes that struck metropolitan areas. However, none of the tornadoes hit downtown areas, moving through areas just north or west of the city cores. Therefore, these twisters are not included.[295]
The 1998 tornado that hit Spencer, South Dakota, killing six people, the 2000 tornado that hit a campground, killing 12 people, the 2007 tornado that hit Greensburg, Kansas, killing 11 people, the Elie, Manitoba tornado that hit Elie, Manitoba in 2007 with no fatalities, and the 2009 tornado that hit Durham, Ontario, killing one person, are not listed because none of these tornadoes hit a metropolitan area that had a population higher than 50,000. The Southern Ontario tornado outbreak of 2005 that hit Toronto was not confirmed and is therefore not listed.
Another notable absence is the July 7, 1915 storm that struck Cincinnati, killing 38 people. This was determined to be most likely a windstorm causing downbursts or even a series of microbursts (with much of the damage coming from the straight-line winds), and not a tornado.[296][297]
European tornadoes that are listed before 1950 are for cities that had at least 50,000 people in them at the time. Tornadoes dating back to 1054 are confirmed, due to extensive record-keeping for many weather events and other until-then unexplained weather occurrences.
On September 8, 2010, Tropical Storm Hermine went over the state of Texas and produced a few tornadoes in the Dallas–Fort Worth metroplex. One notable tornado was located in an industrialized area west of downtown Dallas before it lifted up over Interstate 35E just south of Dallas Love Field. However, the EF2 tornado was about 3–4 mi (4.8–6.4 km) away and did not strike the immediate downtown Dallas area. Similarly, the 1957 Dallas tornado hit areas northwest and north and downtown, missing the core of the city. The May 26, 1976 and October 20, 2019, Dallas tornadoes were also not listed for the same reasons (striking the northern Dallas neighborhoods in an almost identical track between each other).
The city of Auckland in New Zealand has experienced multiple fatal tornadoes in its history, including one in 2012 which killed 3 people.[298] However, none of these tornadoes have reached the downtown district of the city.
See also
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