List of murderers by number of victims
![]() | This article possibly contains original research. (October 2008) |
This is a list of murderers by number of victims. Both serial killers and spree killers are included, but acts of terrorism are excluded. The murders must be reliably referenced to have been committed "with [the murderer's] own hands." Murderers are listed here by the most common consensus figures, where possible. In cases of murder-suicide, the perpetrator is not included in the victim count.
List
Note: this list is incomplete.
Serial killers by number of victims
A serial killer is a person who murders three or more people, in three or more separate events over a period of time, for primarily psychological reasons.[96] There are gaps of time in between the killings, which may comprise anywhere from a few hours to many years. This list shows serial killers in order of how many victims they had. In many cases, the exact number of victims assigned to a serial killer is not known, and even if that person is convicted of a few, there can be the possibility that he/she killed many more.
The third column in the table states the number of victims that were definitely assigned to that particular serial killer, and thus the table is in order of that figure. The fourth column states the number of other possible victims that the killer could also have murdered. Some of these crimes are yet to be solved, but have been included because they are notorious or clearly the work of a serial killer, despite nobody being caught.
Name | Country | Proven victims* | Possible victims | Miscellaneous information |
Dr Harold Shipman | United Kingdom | 218 | 250–450[97] | Targeted his patients, the majority of whom were elderly women. Killed his patients with lethal injections of diamorphine. |
Gilles de Rais | France | 200 | 600 | Testimony gained under torture and confession under threat of torture, as was customary. |
Luis Garavito | Colombia | 140 | 300 | Targeted young boys. Arrested in 1999. |
Thug Behram | India | 125 | 931 | Born 1765, died 1840. Leader of the Thuggee cult. |
Javed Iqbal | Pakistan | 100 | 100+ | Killed young and poor children from all across Pakistan along with three teenage accomplices. Surrendered himself to the police after his 100th kill, but committed suicide before being executed. |
Erzsébet Báthory | Hungary | 80[98] | 650 | Born 1560, died 1614. Accused of murdering 600 or so people, however no public trial was held. Was imprisoned in a room of her own castle until her death. |
Pedro Rodrigues Filho "Pedrinho Matador" | Brazil | 70 | 100+ | Convicted and sentenced to 128 years, but the maximum one can serve in Brazil is 30 years. He claimed to have killed over 100 victims, 40 of them inmates. |
Yang Xinhai | China | 65 | 65 | Would enter victim's homes at night and kill everyone with axes, meat cleavers, hammers and shovels. |
Pedro Lopez | Colombia | 57 | 300 | Targeted young girls. Arrested in 1980. |
Andrei Chikatilo | USSR/Russia | 53 | 56 | Convicted of the murder of 52 women and children between 1978 and 1990. 3 people were previously convicted and executed for his crimes. |
Anatoly Onoprienko | Ukraine | 52 | 52+ | Convicted of the murders of 9 people in 1989, and 43 people in 1995–1996. Traveled through Europe illegally from 1990–1995; whether he killed during this time is unknown. |
Gary Leon Ridgway | United States | 48 | 71 | Truck painter who confessed to killing 71 (although pled guilty to 48) women, and dumping many of them along the Green River, near Seattle, Washington. |
Alexander Pichushkin | Russia | 48 | 63 | Known as the "chessboard killer" because he wanted to kill 64 people, the number of squares on a chessboard. Found guilty of 48 murders and confessed to 63. |
Ahmad Suradji | Indonesia | 42 | 42 | Convicted of killing 42 women and girls in a series of ritual slayings he believed would give him magical powers. Executed by firing squad on 11 July 2008. |
Belle Gunness | United States | 40? | 6? | Active 1900 to 1908. |
Moses Sithole | South Africa | 38 | 38 | Preyed on unemployed women: Posed as a businessman and lured his victims with the prospects of a job, leading them to an isolated place, then raped, tortured and murdered them. |
Donald Harvey | United States | 37 | 87 | Self-professed Angel of Death. Worked as an orderly in Cincinnati area hospitals and preyed on his patients. Claims to have killed 87 patients starting at age 18. Active 1970–1987. Serving 28 life sentences in Ohio. |
Serhiy Tkach | Ukraine | 36 | 100 | Claims to have killed 100. |
Ted Bundy | United States | 35 | 100+ | Estimated that he may have killed more than 100. |
John Wayne Gacy | United States | 33 | 33 | The 'Killer Clown' who kept bodies of young men and boys buried under his Chicago home. |
Dean Corll | United States | 27 | 30 | the 'Candyman' of the Houston Mass Murders in the early 1970s |
H.H. Holmes | United States | 27 | 20–200 | Confessed to 27 murders, though only nine have been confirmed. Estimates vary wildly. |
Dr. Marcel Petiot | France | 26 | 63 | Active 1926 and from 1942 to 1944. Executed in 1946. |
Juan Corona | United States | 25 | ? | Corona was convicted of murdering ranch laborers and burying them in orchards. He was sentenced to 25 terms of life imprisonment. |
Igor Suprunyuck | Ukraine | 21 | 31 | Three 19-year-olds from Dnepropetrovsk, Ukraine brutally murdered 21 people in one month in 2007. Most of the murders were videotaped with cell-phone cameras. Igor Suprunyuck was the ring-leader, charged with all 21 murders; Viktor Sayenko was charged with 18, and Alexander Hanzha with 1. |
Vampire of Silesia | Poland | 21 | ? | Killed 21 women in 1964–1970 in Poland's region of Upper Silesia. Zdzisław Marchwicki was most likely the man responsible for the killings (executed in 1977), however his guilt still remains disputable today. |
Mary Ann Cotton | United Kingdom | 20 | 20 | Killed up to 20 of her husbands and offspring in County Durham in the 1800s. |
Surender Koli and Moninder Singh Pandher | India | 19 | 30+ | Between 2005 and 2006, businessman Moninder Singh Pandher and his domestic servant, Surender Koli, kidnapped, raped, killed and dismembered 19 people (mostly children). Convicted. |
Charles Cullen | United States | 18 | 40 | Nurse in New Jersey and Pennsylvania who murdered 40 patients between 1988 and 2003. |
Huang Yong | China | 17 | 25 | Lured and murdered 17 teenage boys although he is suspected of 25 murders between September 2001 and 2003. |
Jeffrey Dahmer | United States | 17 | 17 | Dahmer ate some of his victims, and he kept body parts in his freezer. Was sentenced to life imprisonment, and was murdered in prison in 1994. |
Vladimir Kondratenko | Ukraine | 16 | 20+ | Kondratenko and friend Vladislav Volkovich, dubbed Nighttime Killers, shot, stabbed and bludgeoned 35–40-year-old male victims. |
Randy Steven Kraft | United States | 16 | 67–100 | Convicted on 16 counts of murder, but left a cryptic list of 65 murders. May have had an accomplice. |
Mohammed Bijeh | Iran | 16 | 16 | Raped and killed at least 16 boys and teens. Nicknamed the 'Tehran Desert Vampire' was convicted and executed after being lashed in front of a crowd in 2005. |
Robert Lee Yates | United States | 16 | 16 | Killed at least 13 prostitutes in the red-light district on E. Sprague Avenue in Spokane, Washington. |
Robert Hansen | United States | 15 | 21 | He would kidnap prostitutes, take them to his remote cabin in Alaska and then release them before hunting them down like animals. Though only convicted of 15 murders, the police suspect the number of his victims to actually be 21 based on the remains they discovered. |
Angel Maturino Resendiz | United States | 15 | 18 | Known as the "Railroad Killer" because his killings were committed near the railroad tracks he used to traverse the country. He was charged with and/or confessed to 15 murders occurring from 1986 to 1999 in Texas, Florida, Illinois, Georgia, and Kentucky. He was also suspected in a 1997 California murder case and claimed two additional killings he refused to elaborate on.[99] |
Dennis Nilsen | United Kingdom | 15 | 15[100][101] | Picked up young men in London between 1978 and 1982 and dismembered them, keeping various body parts around his home. |
Coral Eugene Watts | United States | 14 | 80–100 | Was granted immunity for a dozen murders as part of a plea bargain with prosecutors in 1982, and was given 60 years in prison. In 2007 he was found guilty of the murders of Helen Dutcher (which brought a life sentence), and later that year found guilty of the murder of Gloria Steele. Died of prostate cancer on September 21, 2007. |
Richard Ramirez | United States | 14 | 14 | Killed 14 people between June 28, 1984 and August 24, 1985 in Los Angeles. |
Peter Sutcliffe | United Kingdom | 13 | 13 | Killed 13 women between October 30, 1975 and November 17, 1980 mainly in Yorkshire so has become known as the "Yorkshire Ripper". |
Kaspars Petrovs | Latvia | 13 | 38+ | Confessed to strangling 38 elderly residents of Riga, Latvia in 2003. Convicted and sentenced to life imprisonment for the robbery and murder of 13. |
Herbert Mullin | United States | 13 | 13 | Despite detailed confessions, prosecutors decided not to try him for the first three crimes, instead focusing on crimes that conflicted with his insanity plea. |
Dr Maxim Petrov | Russia | 12 | 17 | Killed patients in St. Petersburg. Suspected of 19 murders, prosecuted for 17, convicted of 12. |
Maury Travis | United States | 12 | 17 | Killed prostitutes in the St. Louis area from 2000-2002. Caught when he mailed an Expedia.com map showing where to find a body to a St. Louis newspaper. Committed suicide in prison. |
Fred West and Rosemary West | United Kingdom | 12 | 12+ | Mainly targeted young females but was also found guilty of the murder of their own daughter. Also found guilty of raping another daughter. Buried the victims around their house and local area. Fred West said there were more victims, shortly before he committed suicide on New Year's Day, 1995.[102] |
Henry Lee Lucas | United States | 11 | 600 | Henry Lee Lucas was convicted of 11 murders, however he was credited for 20 murders in California, Michigan, Texas and Maryland.[103] Detectives from 40 states came to visit Lucas, where an estimated 3,000 homicides were discussed. In turn, it is considered to be one of the greatest mockeries of the U.S. legal system, in which police officers cleared their books of unsolved murders.[104] Lucas is considered by some to be the worst mass murderer in United States history. The real amount of murders committed by Lucas are unknown, but is widely accepted over the 300+ mark.[105] |
Leonard Lake and Charles Ng | United States | 11 | 25 | Abducted women, used them as sex slaves and then murdered them (together with any men or women who got in their way). Lake committed suicide upon arrest, but Ng was later convicted of killing 11 people. Between 1982 and 1985, Lake and Ng were believed to have abducted and killed as many as 25 victims (as evidenced by human remains found on Lake's California ranch). |
Bloody Benders | United States | 11 | Unknown | Active 1872 and 1873. Fate unknown. |
Henri Désiré Landru | France | 11 | Unknown | Active 1914–1918. Beheaded. |
Clifford Olsen | Canada | 11 | 11 | Considered a dangerous offender, meaning that Olsen may never be released from prison. |
Jack Unterweger | Austria/United States | 10 | 15 | Born 1950, died 1994. Served 14 years in Austrian prison because of a murder in 1974. Killed at least 9 prostitutes after his release. Was a small media star in Austrian media in the early 1990s and arrested in the United States (where he may have killed another 3 prostitutes) on behalf of Austrian police. Hanged himself in 1994 after being sentenced to life in prison. |
Edmund Kemper | United States | 10 | 10 | A victim of Herbert Mullin was attributed to him originally. |
Dennis Rader | United States | 10 | 10 | Known as the BTK Killer, murdered at least ten people in Sedgwick County (in and around Wichita), Kansas, between 1974 and 1991. |
Timothy Krajcir | United States | 9 | 9 | Confessed to killing nine women, five in Missouri and four others in Illinois and Pennsylvania. |
Peter Kürten | Germany | 9 | 9 | Charged with 9 murders and 7 attempted murders. Dubbed "The Vampire of Düsseldorf" by the contemporary media. Executed by guillotine in 1931 (age 48). |
Thomas Quick | Sweden | 8 | 30 | Raped and murdered up to 30 men. Several scholars, however, have questioned if he killed anyone. |
Joseph Paul Franklin | United States | 8 | 20 | Confessed to 20 murders and several attempted murders. Still awaiting trial for most of these crimes. |
Christopher Wilder | United States | 8 | 10+ | Killed 8 women during a spree in April 1984 before accidentally killing himself; suspected in the disappearance and murder of more than 5 more. |
Kendall Francois | United States | 8 | 9 | From 1996 to 1998, he admitted to killing 8 prostitutes in Poughkeepsie, NY but denies the he had anything to do with the disappearance of a 9th prostitute. |
Michael Bruce Ross | United States | 8 | 8 | Ross confessed to all of the murders, and was convicted of four of them. He was executed by the state of Connecticut on May 13, 2005 by lethal injection, making it the first execution in Connecticut and the whole of New England since 1960. |
Ivan Milat | Australia | 7 | 24 | Backpacker murders. |
Christopher Worrell | Australia | 7 | 7 | Died before capture. |
Derrick Todd Lee | United States | 7 | 7+ | Known as the 'Baton Rouge or South Louisiana Serial Killer' convicted of 3 murders, sentenced to death by lethal injection. Believed to have murdered several other women in Louisiana, Mississippi and Alabama. |
Peter Manuel | United Kingdom | 7 | 15 | True number of murders unknown. |
Gert van Rooyen and Joey Haarhof | South Africa | 6 | 8 | Their victims were never found as the pair committed suicide when faced with arrest after the escape of their last kidnap victim. |
Richard Chase | United States | 6 | 6 | The "Vampire of Sacramento," he was convicted of six murders. In addition to killing his victims, he often raped the women's bodies and drank their blood, or took their organs home and ate them. |
David Berkowitz | United States | 6 | 6 | The "Son of Sam," he would shoot couples in their cars, killing six and wounding seven. |
Orville Lynn Majors | United States | 6 | up to 130 | LPN in Vermillion County Ind., Preyed on elderly patients—thought to have killed many of them with injections of potassium chloride. Convicted of 6 murders, suspected in many more. Serving 360 years in Indiana. |
Tommy Lynn Sells | United States | 6 | 70? | A drifter active 1980–1999 throughout the U.S. who specialized in killing children and multiple victims after breaking into their homes. Caught when a 10yr old girl survived his attack & provided a description of him. On death row in Texas. |
Robert Pickton | Canada | 6 | 20–49(?) | Found guilty of 6 cases of second-degree murder. Accused of murdering 20 other women, most of them prostitutes and drug dealers. |
Albert Fish | United States | 6 | 6 | Pedophile and cannibal. Connected to three murders. Claimed to be responsible for many others. Electrocuted on Jan. 16, 1936. |
Aileen Wuornos | United States | 6 | 8+ | Killed strangers, all men, along Florida highways over 13-months in 1989 and 1990, while working as a prostitute. [2] |
James Miller | Australia | 6 | 7 | Sentenced to life imprisonment for 6 murders. |
John Wayne Glover | Australia | 6 | 11 | British ex-pat living in Australia. Known by the media as "The Granny Killer" as he targeted elderly women. |
Amy Archer-Gilligan | United States | 5 | 48? | Active 1910 to 1917; died in mental hospital in 1928. |
Zodiac Killer | United States | 5 | 37 | Targeted young couples. Was never apprehended. |
Jack The Ripper | United Kingdom | 5 | 4–16 | Nobody was ever caught for the murders, and the identity of the killer has never been discovered. Preyed on prostitutes in Whitechapel, London in 1888. Arguably the most infamous serial killer in history. |
Steve Wright | United Kingdom | 5 | 5–22 | Referred to as 'Suffolk murders', 'Ipswich murders', 'Ipswich Ripper', 'Suffolk Ripper', 'Suffolk Strangler', 'East Anglia Ripper', 'Red Light Ripper' and 'the Suffolkator'. Five prostitutes, all of whom worked in Ipswich, were murdered in late 2006 by Steve Wright. There are possible links to other, previous Suffolk prostitute killings. |
David Maust | United States | 5 | 9 | Killed teenage boys. Caught when bodies of 3 boys were found in the concrete floor of his basement in Hammond, Indiana. Spent time in a mental institution as a boy. Committed suicide in prison in 2006. |
Danny Rolling | United States | 5 | 8 | Known as the "Gainesville Ripper." Murdered 5 students in August 1990. Executed October 6, 2006. |
Vincent Johnson | United States | 5 | 6 | The Brooklyn Strangler. |
Kristen Gilbert | United States | 5 | 70? | Targeted patients. Sentenced to life without parole. |
Thomas Dillon | United States | 5 | 5 | Ohio Sniper. |
Ian Brady and Myra Hindley | United Kingdom | 5 | 5 | The 'Moors Murderers'. Abducted children in northern England. They were found guilty of two and three murders respectively. |
Queho | United States | 5 | 1? | Active 1910/1911 and 1919. Found dead in a cave in 1940. |
Alfred Packer | United States | 5 | 0 | Murderer and cannibal. |
Carl Panzram | United States | 5 | 22 | From 1920 to 1928, he claimed in a posthumous autobiography to have committed over 22 killings. Hanged on September 5, 1930. |
Marc Sappington | United States | 4 | 4 | Schizophrenic serial killer who heard voices telling him to kill after extended daily PCP use. He cannibalized part of his last victim. |
Peter Woodcock | Canada | 4 | 4 | Sexual sadist and child rapist. Killed three young children in Toronto in the 1950s. Sentenced to a psychiatric facility. Murdered a fellow inmate in 1991. |
Ottis Toole | United States | 4 | 125 | Toole was convicted of three counts of murder, and confessed to four more murder charges before dying in prison. A sometime accomplice of convicted serial killer Henry Lee Lucas, Toole admitted to multiple counts of murder, rape, and cannibalism, and was the suspect in several unsolved murders. On December 16, 2008, police announced that they had identified Toole as the likely murderer of Adam Walsh, and would be closing the case as a result. |
Lam Kor-wan | Hong Kong | 4 | 4 | Male taxi driver and one of Hong Kong's only serial killers. Famous for keeping body parts in his parents' home. |
Dr. Michael Swango | United States | 3 | 30+ | Murderer and serial killer suspect. |
Gordon Northcott | United States | 3 | 17 | 1928 Murderer with his mother; Wineville Chicken Coop Murders |
Peter Dupas | Australia | 3 | 6 | Sexual sadist from Melbourne, who murdered three women and is suspected of at least three further killings. Was convicted of 16 separate acts of sexual violence before his first murder charge. Is serving three consecutive life sentences |
Paul Kenneth Bernardo | Canada | 3 | 5 | Serial killer and 'Scarborough Rapist', known for the murders he committed with his wife Karla Homolka. |
Theodore Kaczynski | United States | 3 | 8 | Also known as the Unabomber, Kaczynski lived isolated in Montana before his arrest in 1996, sending mail bombs and setting reactive bombs all over the country to anyone who had a pro-technological stance. Federal authorities were informed of Kaczynski's possible involvement by his brother when he recognized the writing of the Unabomber Manifesto in the New York Times. |
Eddie Leonski | Australia | 3 | 3 | Confessed to three murders after being picked out of a line of American servicemen by witnesses. Was sentenced to death, and hanged in 1942. |
Ed Gein | United States [106] | 2 | 8 | Famous for his necrophiliac behaviours, as well as using/storing body parts of his victims to make household furniture, clothing and other miscellaneous household items. |
Shirley Winters | United States | 2 | 7 | Confessed in 2008 to killing 2 children (including her 5-month old son), 27 years apart. Plea agreement for those murders included clause stopping investigation of her role in a fire that killed 2 previous children in 1979. Is also a suspect in a separate fire that killed 3 children of a friend in 1979. |
Billy Gohl | United States | 2 | Unknown | Between 1901 and 1913 alleged to have killed from 40 to 140 seamen in Aberdeen, Washington |
Johann Otto Hoch | United States | 1 | 14? | Before being hanged on February 23, 1906, alleged to have been active from 1888 or 1891 to 1905. |
John Norman Collins | United States | 1 | 6 | Convicted of the 1969 murder of Karen Sue Beineman, suspected in the murder of at least five other young women in the vicinity of Ann Arbor and Ypsilanti, Michigan. |
Dr John Bodkin Adams | United Kingdom | 0 | 163 | Acquitted in a highly unusual trial in 1957 of murder but later found guilty of fraud. |
* Proven victims being victims the serial killer was tried for, explained by the killer in a detailed confession, or victims most scholars of the subject agree upon.
See also
- List of serial killers by country
- List of wars and disasters by death toll
- Spree killer
- List of mass murderers and spree killers by number of victims
References
Notes
- ^ Christman Gniperdoliga - Der tausendfache Raubmörder
- ^ Study In Death, Time Magazine (February 1, 1963)
- ^ Paton, James. Collections on Thuggee and Dacoitee. British Library Add.Mss. 41300 fol. 118, 202–03
- ^ Behram is often quoted as having killed 931 people. This figure was the number of murders Behram had been present at, though he was never convicted of these murders. This lower figure was the conclusion of James Paton's investigations in the 1830s. The Thugee cult as whole, however, were adjudged to have been responsible for 50,000–1,000,000 murders in total.
- ^ Erszebet: The Story of Erszebet Bathory is true
- ^ Countess Elizabeth Bathory - The Blood Countess - The Crime library
- ^ http://www.nndb.com/people/426/000027345/
- ^ http://www.mayhem.net/Crime/lucas.html
- ^ http://www.trutv.com/library/crime/serial_killers/notorious/henry_lee_lucas/16.html
- ^ http://www.fortunecity.com/roswell/streiber/273/lucas_toole_mo.htm
- ^ Lucas confessed to murder after murder, closing more than 200 cases. Lucas began confessing to other murders all over the country. He originally offered a list of 77 women from 19 different states, as he confessed to more and more murders, the details became increasingly more bizarre. Some included dismemberment, necrophilia, even cannibalism. Lawmen linked the Lucas and Otis Toole to 81 murders alone. Lucas confessed to over 600 murders, but it is up for debate if he committed such an amount.
- ^ http://www.crimemagazine.com/lucas.htm
- ^ http://www.trutv.com/library/crime/serial_killers/notorious/shipman/dead_1.html
- ^ "Shipman 'killed early in career'". BBC News. 2005-01-27. Retrieved 2007-05-14.
{{cite news}}
: Italic or bold markup not allowed in:|publisher=
(help) - ^ All About Pedro Lopez, David Lohr
- ^ Informe especial: 172 NIÑOS VÍCTIMAS DE LUIS ALFREDO GARAVITO, www.fiscalia.gov.co (in
Spanish)
- ^ Kotobuki maternity hospital incident (in Japanese language)
- ^ Crime Library information on Iqbal
- ^ a b c "World's Worst Killers", BBC News, October 30, 1999
- ^ Gilles de Rais
- ^ Information about Daniel Barbosa. Daniel Barbosa profile. Andes culture and attractions
- ^ Cui, Vivian (2003-11-22). "Using hammer, shovel or axe, serial killer of 65 struck victims as they slept Yang Xinhai's motives were rape and robbery, police say of four-province rampage". South China Morning Post. Retrieved 2008-09-13.
- ^ "Mafia Killer Reported Slain", Reuters, May 25, 1988
- ^ "South Korean Shootings Lead Minister to Resign", New York Times, April 29, 1982
- ^ "Russia 'chessboard killer' guilty". BBC News. 2007-10-24. Retrieved 2007-10-29.
{{cite news}}
: Italic or bold markup not allowed in:|publisher=
(help) - ^ "Green River Killer pleads guilty to 48 murders", Michigan Daily, November 6, 2003
- ^ [^http://freepages.history.rootsweb.ancestry.com/~bauerle/disaster.htm]
- ^ Cause of PSA Flight 1771 Crash
- ^ A Time to Kill, Philip von Nekerk, Maxim, October 2000
- ^ [1],
- ^ The Crime Library - Donald Harvey, David Lohr
- ^ "Australian gunman laughs as he admits killing 35", CNN, November 7, 1996
- ^ Polly Nelson, Defending the Devil: My Story as Ted Bundy's Last Lawyer. William Morrow, 1994, 329 pages. ISBN 0-688-10823-7
- ^ Newton, Michael. The Encylclopedia of Serial Killers. page 198. Checkmark Book. 2000. ISBN 0-816-03979-8
- ^ John Wayne Gacy Jr.: Biography, Jonathan Dunder, The Free Information Society
- ^ "Report of the Virginia Tech Review Panel" (pdf). Commonwealth of Virginia. Retrieved 2008-03-25.
- ^ Tsuyama massacre (in Japanese language)
- ^ "A Killer's Final Insult", The Star Ledger, March 3, 2006
- ^ Dean Corll: The Sex, Sadism and Slaughter of Houston's Candy Man, Marilyn Bardsley
- ^ Fritz Haarmann: The Butcher of Hanover, Alexander Gilbert
- ^ Adams, Cecil (1979-07-06). "Did Dr. Henry Holmes kill 200 people at a bizarre "castle" in 1890s Chicago?". The Straight Dope.
{{cite news}}
: Italic or bold markup not allowed in:|publisher=
(help) - ^ Although this figure is the only verified, and thus most commonly held consensus figure, based around Holmes' most believable confession and forensic research, conjectures for the true figure range hugely, between 20 and 230.
- ^ "Serial killer jailed for 1,340 years", BBC News, March 16, 2000
- ^ Maria Swanenburg biography (in
Dutch)
- ^ All About Dr. Marcel Petiot, Michael Newton
- ^ Newton, Michael (1999). The Encyclopedia of Serial Killers. New York, New York: Checkmark Books. pp. p136. ISBN 0-8160-3978-X.
{{cite book}}
:|pages=
has extra text (help) - ^ All About Bela Kiss, Marilyn Bardsley and Denise Noe
- ^ Luby's in Killeen, Texas, site of 1991 massacre, closes its doors
- ^ Herbert G Kinnell (2000-12-23). "Serial homicide by doctors: Shipman in perspective" (PDF). British Medical Journal. 321 (7276): 1594–1597. doi:10.1136/bmj.321.7276.1594.
- ^ William Bonin: The Freeway Killer
- ^ Gresko, Jessica (2004-07-17). "Twenty Years later, San Ysidro McDonald's massacre remembered". North County Times. Retrieved 2006-10-27.
{{cite news}}
: Italic or bold markup not allowed in:|publisher=
(help) - ^ Patrick Kearney killed and mutilated gay men, Elizabeth Engstrom, The Crime Library
- ^ "Former drag queen is held over murder of 18 people". The Independent. November 29, 2007. Retrieved 2008-03-18.
{{cite web}}
: Italic or bold markup not allowed in:|publisher=
(help) - ^ "Milestones". Time. December 18, 2004. Retrieved 2008-02-23.
- ^ "Iran's 'desert vampire' executed". BBC. 16 March, 2005. Retrieved 2009-02-15.
{{cite web}}
: Check date values in:|date=
(help) - ^ The Discovery Channel: Crimes That Shook The World
- ^ Morbid Fact Du Jour Archive
- ^ "The Drifter, Joel Rifkin". Retrieved March 8.
{{cite web}}
: Check date values in:|accessdate=
(help); Unknown parameter|accessyear=
ignored (|access-date=
suggested) (help) - ^ Buried secrets of the city murder dolls, Julia Horton, The Scotsman, December 2, 2005
- ^ "Portrait of a serial killer: Wis. v. Dahmer", Court TV News, July 31, 2000
- ^ "Gunman mows down class of children leaving 16 dead with their teacher", Erlend Clouston and Sarah Boseley, Guardian Unlimited, March 14, 1996
- ^ "18 dead in German school shooting", BBC News, April 26, 2002
- ^ "Eighteen killed in German school shooting", The Guardian, April 26, 2002
- ^ "Charles Ray Hatcher", Amber Keen, George Lewis, Kara Stone, Andrew Lucas
- ^ Grice, Elizabeth (December 7, 2004). "Ryan shot at me, then at my mother". The Telegraph.
{{cite news}}
: Italic or bold markup not allowed in:|publisher=
(help) - ^ All about Randy Kraft, Michael Newton
- ^ All about the Monster of Florence, David Lohr
- ^ Clark County Prosecuting Attorney report
- ^ Discovery Channel: Crimes and Forensics. Crimes That Shook The World.
- ^ "No prosecution for serial killer", BBC News, December 6, 2006
- ^ "Deranged tower sniper rained death on UT campus". Houston Chronicle. July 30, 2001. Retrieved 2006-04-13.
{{cite news}}
: Italic or bold markup not allowed in:|publisher=
(help) - ^ "Gunman kills 14, self in Oklahoma", Philadelphia Daily News, August 20, 1986
- ^ CityNews Rewind: The Montreal Massacre, CityNews, December 6, 2006
- ^ "Nation's first mass murder was the top story of September 6 1949", Courier Post
- ^ a b "The Boston Strangler", CBS News, February 15, 2001
- ^ [^ http://www.peoples.ru/state/criminal/manyak/kulik/]
- ^ "On this day, May 24, 1989: Yorkshire Ripper's wife wins damages". BBC News. 1989-05-24. Retrieved 2007-08-31.
{{cite news}}
: Italic or bold markup not allowed in:|publisher=
(help) - ^ "Richard Ramirez: The Night Stalker", The History Channel, Accessed 2007-08-31
- ^ "Report: 12 killed at Columbine in first 16 minutes", CNN, May 16, 2000
- ^ [^http://www.nzherald.co.nz/nz/news/article.cfm?c_id=1&objectid=10353715]
- ^ Sadamichi Hirasawa Cyanide Poisoning
- ^ "19th bid to clear late murderer's name" The Sydney Morning Herald, July 12, 2003
- ^ [http://www.buzzle.com/editorials/12-2-2002-31478.asp Russian Dr Death 'killed 17'
- ^ "Fred and Rose West - Endgame", Marilyn Bardsley, Retrieved 2007-08-31
- ^ "Angelo Buono and Kenneth Bianchi, the Hillside Stranglers", Marilyn Bardsley
- ^ French Bluebeard Guillotined (February 25 1922), News of the Odd
- ^ Clifford Olson: The Case of the Missing Lower Mainland Children, Jan Bouchard-Kerr
- ^ Сергей Головкин (Sergey Golovkin)
- ^ Charles Starkweather, NNDB, accessed November 28, 2007
- ^ "The Armpit Artillery Case", Time
- ^ "Memories of the school massacre in Volkhoven, 1964 (German-language page)
- ^ "‘Murder Capital of the World’: Three grisly mass-murder sprees plunged the county into terror", Santa Cruz Sentinel
- ^ "Anger, Relief Over BTK Confessions". CBS News. 2005-06-28. Retrieved 2007-08-31.
{{cite news}}
: Italic or bold markup not allowed in:|publisher=
(help) - ^ "Ko Machida", The Japanese Literature Publishing Project
- ^ ""Kokuhaku"" (in Japanese). Rakuten, Inc. 2005-04-11. Retrieved 2008-02-23.
- ^ Macmillan Encyclopedia of Death and Dying entry on "Serial Killers" (2003) by Sandra Burkhalte Chmelir
- ^ "The Shipman Report".
- ^ Countess Elizabeth Bathory - The Blood Countess - The Crime library
- ^ Texas Execution Information - Report: Angel Maturino Resendiz
- ^ "Murder in the UK".
- ^ "Dennis Nilsen Famous Criminal".
- ^ "Murder UK - Rosemary and Fred West" Murder UK Retrieved 12 July 2007
- ^ http://hellhorror.com/killers/serial_killer/51/Henry-Lee-Lucas.html
- ^ http://www.mayhem.net/Crime/lucas.html
- ^ http://www.fortunecity.com/roswell/streiber/273/lucas_toole_mo.htm
- ^ http://www.trutv.com/library/crime/serial_killers/notorious/necrophiles/index_1.html