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January 6 United States Capitol attack

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2021 United States Capitol protests
Part of 2020–2021 United States election protests
DateJanuary 5, 2021 – present
Location
Washington, D.C., United States
Caused byResistance to Joe Biden's victory in the 2020 United States presidential election
GoalsPreventing the electoral count and the subsequent inauguration of Biden
StatusOngoing
Parties

"Save America" rally attendees
Pro-Trump protesters
Far-right groups

Casualties
InjuriesMultiple officers[10]
1 protester[11]
Arrested10[12]

On January 5 and January 6, 2021, supporters of U.S. President Donald Trump gathered in Washington, D.C. to protest against the result of the 2020 presidential election, and support Trump's demand for Vice President Mike Pence and the United States Congress to reject president-elect Joe Biden's victory.[13][14][15] At first, protestors gathered for the "Save America" rally, a planned event on The Ellipse where attendees heard speeches from Trump and Rudy Giuliani.

Before the speeches were over, a mob of protestors marched on Congress and stormed the building.[16] Congress was in session at the time, conducting the Electoral College vote count and debating after Senator Ted Cruz of Texas and Congressman Paul Gosar of Arizona's fourth congressional district objected to the Electoral College count of Arizona's votes. Several buildings in the U.S. Capitol complex were evacuated, and protestors broke past security to enter the U.S. Capitol building, including National Statuary Hall.[12][17] All buildings in the Capitol complex were subsequently locked down.[18] There was reportedly an armed standoff at the doors to the House chambers,[19][20] and at least one person was shot within the Capitol building and reported to be in critical condition.[11][21][22] At least one improvised explosive device was reported to have been found on Capitol grounds, and another just blocks away at the headquarters of the Republican Party.[23][24]

Trump initially denounced Pence and his deputy as failing to "do what should have been done to protect our Country and our Constitution", despite Pence having no constitutional power to reject Biden's victory.[25][26] At 4:22 p.m. EST, Trump urged his supporters to "go home in peace" while continuing to repeat his false claims about the election.[27]

Background

The 2020 United States presidential election, held on November 3, 2020, was won by the Democratic candidate Joe Biden, who defeated the incumbent Republican president Donald Trump. Before, during and after the counting of votes, Trump and other Republicans attempted to overturn the election, falsely alleging widespread voter fraud and trying to deny and overturn results.[28]

With Congress scheduled to meet on January 6, 2021, to certify the results of the Electoral College, Trump announced plans for a rally ahead of the event to continue his protest on the validity of several states' election results. Washington, D.C. Mayor Muriel Bowser requested on December 31, 2020, for District of Columbia National Guard troops be deployed to support local police during the anticipated demonstrations. She wrote in her request that the guardspeople would not be armed, and that they would be primarily responsible for "crowd management" and traffic direction, allowing police to focus on security concerns. Acting Secretary of Defense Christopher C. Miller approved the request on January 4, 2021.[29] The approval activated approximately 1,100 troops.[30]

Trump had spent previous days suggesting that Vice President Pence should reject president-elect Joe Biden's victory, an act that is not within Pence's constitutional power, and he repeated this call in his speech on the morning of January 6.[26] The same afternoon, Pence released a letter to Congress in which he said he would not oppose Biden's victory.[26]

Events in the District of Columbia

"Save America" rally

Protestors began to gather in Washington, D.C., on Tuesday, January 5, in advance of a planned rally the next day. On Tuesday night and Wednesday morning, at least ten people were arrested.[12]

On the morning of Wednesday, January 6, protestors surrounded Washington Monument to rally. Several people gave speeches on The Ellipse, including Trump adviser Rudy Giuliani and Trump himself. Giuliani addressed the crowd, repeating conspiracy theories that voting machines used in the election were "crooked". Trump gave a speech from behind a glass barrier, attacking the media and calling for Pence to overturn the election results, something that is not within Pence's constitutional power.[26] Trump urged his supporters to march on the Capitol, where Congress meets:

You'll never take back our country with weakness. You have to show strength and you have to be strong. We have come to demand that Congress do the right thing and only count the electors who have been lawfully slated. I know that everyone here will soon be marching over to the Capitol building to peacefully and patriotically, make your voices heard today.[31]

At the rally, Trump also stated "we will never concede".[32] Trump's sons Donald Trump Jr. and Eric Trump also spoke, verbally attacking Republican Congressmen and Senators who were not supporting the effort to change the Electoral College vote, and promising to campaign against them in future primary elections.[33]

Storming of the Capitol

Beginning at approximately 2:15 p.m. EST,[34] rioters began to attempt to storm buildings in the U.S. Capitol complex. Some buildings in the complex were evacuated, and rioters broke past security to enter the U.S. Capitol building, including National Statuary Hall.[12][17] The storming of the Capitol was organized on pro-Trump far-right social media websites, including Gab and Parler, which featured calls for violence against Congress and served as recruiting centers for weeks for QAnon, the Proud Boys, and other fringe elements.[35] Although most rioters simply walked into the Capitol on foot, others used ropes and makeshift ladders to invade the building.[36]

After the breach, all buildings in the complex were later locked down, with no entry or exit from the buildings allowed. Those within the building were asked to move into offices and lock their doors and windows; those outside were advised to "seek cover".[18] Members of Congress inside the House were told to put on gas masks after law enforcement began using tear gas within the building. ABC News reported that shots were fired within the Capitol building, and that there was an armed standoff at the front door of the House chambers.[19][20]

Police drew their guns inside the House of Representatives chamber.[37] One person was shot within the Capitol, under unclear circumstances.[11] Pro-Trump rioters stormed the offices of Speaker of the House Nancy Pelosi, flipping tables and ripping photos from walls; there was looting in the Capitol.[38][39] Capitol Police officers reported that the building being in "trashed" condition.[40] Observers saw "debris, trash, all in the elevators, things knocked down, posts knocked down" in all parts of the building.[41] Glass windows were broken in the National Statuary Hall.[21]

Multiple officers were injured in the mob violence at the Capitol.[10]

An improvised explosive device was reportedly found at the Republican National Committee headquarters and the Democratic National Committee headquarters was evacuated after a suspicious package was found. Both headquarters are a few blocks from the Capitol.[42]

Shortly before 5 p.m., congressional leaders were reportledly being evaluated from the Capitol complex to Fort McNair, a nearby Army base.[43]

Curfew, deployment of National Guard, and clearing of Capitol

At approximately 2:31 p.m. EST, Washington, D.C., mayor Muriel Bowser ordered a 6 p.m. EST curfew to go into effect that night.[44]

Governor of Virginia Ralph Northam of Virginia tweeted that he would be sending members of the Virginia National Guard and 200 Virginia State Troopers to support Washington, D.C. law enforcement.[4] Governor Larry Hogan of Maryland also announced that he would send the Maryland State Police and Maryland National Guard.[6][45] Army Secretary Ryan McCarthy and acting Defense Secretary Christopher Miller decided to deploy the entire 1,100-strong force of D.C. National Guard to quell violence.[46]

At approximately 3:44 p.m. EST, Trump directed the National Guard and other "federal protective services" to respond to the riot.[47]

Smoke grenades were deployed on the Senate side of the Capitol by Capitol Police working to clear rioters from the building.[40]

Outside the District of Columbia

Protesters in Kansas stormed into their state capitol in support of the protestors in D.C.[48] A capitol security guard stated that the protesters are allowed in the rotunda.[49] It was later reported that the protestors had obtained a permit allowing them to protest in the capital building and on the lawn of the building.[50]

Militia members in Georgia also attempted to storm the Georgia State Capitol, leading to the evacuation of Georgia Secretary of State Brad Raffensperger and other officials.[51] By about 3:15 pm it was reported that the majority of the demonstration had disbanded outside of the Capitol.[52]

Reactions

Domestic

Political leaders

Trump tweeted at 2:38 p.m. EST, "Please support our Capitol Police and Law Enforcement. They are truly on the side of our Country. Stay peaceful!" He had spent previous weeks promoting the Saving America rally.[53] Minutes earlier, he had denounced Pence and accused his deputy of failing to "do what should have been done to protect our Country and our Constitution."[31] Trump later tweeted at 3:13 p.m., "I am asking for everyone at the U.S. Capitol to remain peaceful. No violence! Remember, WE are the Party of Law & Order – respect the Law and our great men and women in Blue. Thank you!".[54] At 4:22 p.m. EST, President Trump issued a video message urging his supporters to "go home in peace," telling the rioters, "we love you, you're very special." However, he reiterated his false accusations of voter fraud in the 2020 presidential election.[27] Pence tweeted at 3:35 p.m., "This attack on our Capitol will not be tolerated and those involved will be prosecuted to the fullest extent of the law".[55] A Trump advisor said that Trump did not want to calm the riots.[56]

Republican U.S. House Representative Adam Kinzinger, among others, condemned the violence and described the events as a "coup attempt."[57] New York Attorney General Letitia James also described the events as an attempted coup, in a statement saying, "The coup attempt initiated by outgoing President Trump has been despicable..."[58] Democratic lawmaker Hakeem Jeffries stated that members of Congress plan to return and certify the Electoral College.[59] Mitt Romney described the events as an "insurrection".[60] On CSPAN Rep. Jamie Raskin said that after his son died on New Year's Eve, he had brought his family to the Capitol, to "show them a peaceful transfer of power".[61] Terry Gainer described the protests as unprecedented in law enforcement, declaring that "this is a much more hateful crowd incited by the president, himself. It's definitely something new in our business."[62]

Senate Democratic Leader Chuck Schumer and House Speaker Nancy Pelosi issued a joint statement calling on President Trump to demand the rioters leave immediately, which said, "We are calling on President Trump to demand that all protestors leave the U.S. Capitol and Capitol Grounds immediately."[63]

At 4:06 p.m. EST, President-elect Joe Biden addressed the nation from Wilmington, Delaware, calling the events an insurrection and borderline sedition.[64] He called upon Trump to go on national television and demand an end to the protests.[65][66]

Representatives Ilhan Omar and Ayanna Pressley called for Trump's immediate impeachment and removal by Congress when it can reconvene. [1]

Additional

Fox anchor Martha MacCallum, after rioters had breached the Capitol grounds, remarked on-air that "This is a huge victory for these protesters. They have disrupted the system in an enormous way!"[67] The National Association of Manufacturers has also called for Trump's immediate removal from office, calling on Vice President Mike Pence [2] to act. Former Attorney General William Barr denounced the violence, calling it "outrageous and despicable."[68]


Multiple U.S. State capitols closed for safety due to the events at the U.S. Capitol.[69][70]

International

Supranational organizations

  • NATO – Secretary General Jens Stoltenberg called the scenes at the U.S. Capitol "shocking" on Twitter, and stated that "The outcome of this democratic election must be respected".[80]

See also

References

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  12. ^ a b c d McEvoy, Jemima (January 6, 2021). "DC Protests Live Coverage: Entire Capitol Now On Lockdown As Protesters Enter The Building". Forbes. Retrieved January 6, 2021.{{cite web}}: CS1 maint: url-status (link)
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