List of world's fairs
This is a chronological list of international or colonial world's fairs.
1790s
- 1791 – Prague, Bohemia – first industrial exhibition on the occasion of the coronation of Leopold II as king of Bohemia, took place in Clementinum, considerable sophistication of manufacturing methods. For this occasion, Wolfgang Amadeus Mozart wrote his final opera La clemenza di Tito. [1]
- 1798 – Paris, France – L'Exposition des produits de l'industrie française, Paris, 1798.[2] This was the first public industrial exposition in France although earlier in 1798 the Marquis d'Avèze had held a private exposition of handicrafts and manufactured goods at the Maison d'Orsay in the Rue de Varenne and it was this that suggested the idea of a public exposition to Nicolas François de Neufchâteau, Minister of the Interior for the French Republic.[3]
1800s
- 1801 – Paris, France – Second Exposition (1801). After the success of the exposition of 1798 a series of expositions for French manufacturing followed (1801, 1802, 1806, 1819, 1823, 1827, 1834, 1844 and 1849) until the first properly international (or universal) exposition in France in 1855.[4]
- 1802 – Paris, France – Third Exposition (1802)[4]
- 1806 – Paris, France – Fourth Exposition (1806)[4]
1810s
- 1819 – Paris, France – Fifth Exposition (1819)[4]
1820s
- 1823 – Paris, France – Sixth Exposition (1823)[4]
- 1827 – Paris, France – Seventh Exposition (1827)[4]
- 1829 – New York City, United States – American Institute Fair
- 1829 – Turin, Piedmont-Sardinia – Prima Triennale Pubblica Esposizione dell’anno 1829. In Turin, a second 'triennale' followed in 1832 before other national agricultural, industrial, commercial, and applied arts expositions there in 1838, 1844, 1850 and 1858.[5]
1830s
- 1832 – Turin, Piedmont-Sardinia – Seconda Triennale Pubblica Esposizione dell’anno 1832.[6]
- 1834 – Paris, France – French Industrial Exposition of 1834[4]
- 1838 – Turin, Piedmont-Sardinia – Pubblica esposizione dell'anno 1838.[7]
- 1839 – Paris, France – Ninth Exposition (1839)[8]
1840s
- 1844 – Paris, France – French Industrial (Tenth) Exposition of 1844[4]
- 1844 – Turin, Piedmont-Sardinia – Quarta Esposizione d'Industria et di Belle Arti.[9]
- 1846 – Genoa, Piedmont-Sardinia – Esposizione dei Prodotti e delle Manufatture nazionali[citation needed]
- 1849 – Birmingham, United Kingdom – Exhibition of Industrial Arts and Manufacturers[10]
- 1849 – London, United Kingdom – First Exhibition of British Manufacturers (1849)[11]
- 1849 – Paris, France – Eleventh Exposition (1849)[4]
1850s
- 1850 – Turin, Piedmont-Sardinia – Quinta Esposizione di Industria e di Belle Arti[12]
- 1851 – London, United Kingdom – The Great Exhibition of the Works of Industry of All Nations – The Crystal Palace (typically listed as the "first world's fair")[13]
- 1852 – Cork, Ireland – Irish Industrial Exhibition[14]
- 1853 – Naples, Two Sicilies – Solenne Pubblica Esposizione di Arti e Manifatture[15]
- 1853–1854 – New York City, United States – Exhibition of the Industry of All Nations[13]
- 1853 – Dublin, Ireland – Great Industrial Exhibition (1853)[13]
- 1854 – Genoa, Piedmont-Sardinia – Esposizione Industriale[16]
- 1854 – Munich, Bavaria – General German Industrial Exhibition (Allgemeine deutsche Industrie-Ausstellung)[17]
- 1854 – Melbourne, Victoria – Melbourne Exhibition (in conjunction with Exposition Universelle (1855))[17]
- 1855 – Paris, France – Exposition Universelle (1855)[13][17]
- 1856 – Brussels, Belgium – International Exhibition[18]
- 1857 – Manchester, United Kingdom – Art Treasures Exhibition at the Royal Botanical Gardens, Stretford[14]
- 1857 – Lausanne, Switzerland – Lausanne Exhibition[18]
- 1858 – Dijon, France – Dijon Exposition[19]
- 1858 – Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, United States – Philadelphia Technological Exhibition[20]
- 1858 – Turin, Piedmont-Sardinia – Sesta Esposizione Nazionale di Prodotti d'Industria[14][21]
1860s
- 1860 – Montreal, Quebec, Canada - Grand Exhibition of the Industrial Products of United Canada at the Crystal Palace (Montreal)
- 1861 – Brisbane, Queensland – First Queensland Exhibition
- 1861 – Melbourne, Victoria – Second Victorian Exhibition
- 1861 – Metz, France – Exposition Universelle (1861)[22]
- 1861 – Amsterdam, Netherlands – Fisheries Exposition[23]
- 1862 – Geelong, Victoria - Exhibition of Art, Science and Industry
- 1862 – London, United Kingdom – 1862 International Exhibition[13][17]
- 1864 – Bayonne, France – Franco-Spanish Exposition[citation needed]
- 1865 – Cologne, Prussia – International Agricultural Exhibition[24]
- 1865 – Bergen, Norway – International Fisheries Exhibition[23]
- 1865 – Batavia, Dutch East Indies – Industrial and Agricultural Exhibition[citation needed]
- 1865 – Dunedin, New Zealand – New Zealand Exhibition[25]
- 1865 – Dublin, United Kingdom – International Exhibition of Arts and Manufactures[13][26]
- 1865 – Freetown, Sierra Leone – Sierra Leone Exhibition[27]
- 1865 – Porto, Portugal – 1865 International Exhibition[28]
- 1866 – Ballarat, Victoria – National Industrial Exhibition
- 1866 – Melbourne, Victoria – Intercolonial Exhibition of Australasia
- 1866 – Boulogne-sur-Mer, France – International Fisheries Exposition[23]
- 1866 – Arcachon, France – International Exposition of Fish and Water Products[23]
- 1866 – Stockholm, Sweden – Scandinavian Industrial Exhibition[29]
- 1867 – Paris, France – Exposition Universelle (1867)[13][17]
- 1867 – The Hague, Netherlands – International Maritime Exhibition[23]
- 1867 – Aarhaus, Denmark – International Maritime Exhibition[23]
- 1867 – Vienna, Austria – International Maritime Exhibition[23]
- 1867 – Gothenburg, Sweden – International Maritime Exhibition[23]
- 1868 – Le Havre, France – International Maritime Exposition[23]
- 1869 – Amsterdam, Netherlands – International Exhibition of Domestic Economy[18]
1870s
- 1870 – Sydney, New South Wales – Intercolonial Exhibition (1870)[30]
- 1871 – Córdoba, Argentina – Exposición Nacional[18]
- 1871 – London, United Kingdom – First Annual International Exhibition (1871)[13]
- 1871 – Naples, Italy – International Maritime Exposition[23]
- 1872 – Hamilton, Bermuda – Industrial and Loan Exhibition
- 1872 – Copenhagen, Denmark – Second Scandinavian Exhibition of Arts and Industry[31]
- 1872 – London, United Kingdom – Second Annual International Exhibition (1872)[13]
- 1872 – Christchurch, New Zealand – New Zealand Interprovincial Exhibition
- 1872 – Lima, Peru – Lima International Exhibition[32]
- 1872 – Lyon, France – Exposition Universelle et Internationale (1872)[33]
- 1872 – Kyoto, Japan – Exhibition of Arts and Manufactures (1872)[30]
- 1873 – London, United Kingdom – Third Annual International Exhibition (1873)[13]
- 1873 – Vienna, Austria – Weltausstellung 1873 Wien[13][17]
- 1873 – Sydney, New South Wales – Metropolitan Intercolonial Exhibition (1873)
- 1874 – London, United Kingdom – Fourth Annual International Exhibition (1874)[13]
- 1874 – Dublin, United Kingdom[34] – International Exhibition of Arts and Manufactures (1874)
- 1874 – Rome, Italy – Esposizione internazionale (1874) (never held)[35]
- 1874 – Jamestown, Saint Helena – St. Helena Industrial Exhibition[36]
- 1874 – Marseille, France – Exhibition of Modern Inventions and Discoveries[37]
- 1874 – Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, United States – Franklin Institute Exhibition[38]
- 1875 – Melbourne, Victoria – Victorian Intercolonial Exhibition[30]
- 1875 – Nizhni Novgorod, Russia – Nizhni Novgorod Fair (1875)[30]
- 1875 – Sydney, New South Wales – Intercolonial Exhibition (1875)
- 1875 – Santiago, Chile – Chilean International Exhibition[30]
- 1876 – Brussels, Belgium – International Exposition of Hygiene and Life-saving Apparatus[39]
- 1876 – Helsinki, Finland – Finnish General Exhibition[40]
- 1876 – Adelaide, South Australia – Adelaide Industrial Exhibition
- 1876 – Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, United States – Centennial Exposition[13][17]
- 1876 – Brisbane, Queensland – Intercolonial Exhibition (1876)[41]
- 1876 – London, United Kingdom – London Loan Collection of Scientific Apparatus[42][20]
- 1877 – Cape Town, Cape Colony – South African International Exhibition[43]
- 1877 – Tokyo, Japan – First National Industrial Exhibition (1877) (Ueno Park)[44]
- 1877 – Sydney, New South Wales – Sydney Metropolitan and Intercolonial Exhibition
- 1877 – Adelaide, South Australia – Adelaide Industrial Exhibition
- 1878 – Paris, France – Exposition Universelle (1878)[13][17]
- 1878 – Ballarat, Victoria – Australian Juvenile Industrial Exhibition (1878)[30]
- 1878 – London, United Kingdom – International Fisheries Exhibition[23]
- 1879 – Bendigo, Victoria – Juvenile Industrial Exhibition
- 1879 – Geelong, Victoria – Geelong Juvenile and Industrial Exhibition
- 1879 – Sydney, New South Wales – Intercolonial Juvenile Industrial Exhibition
- 1879 – Sydney, New South Wales – Sydney International Exhibition[13][17]
- 1879 – Melbourne, Victoria – Intercolonial Juvenile Industrial Exhibition (1879)[45]
- 1879 – Kilburn, United Kingdom – International Agricultural Exhibition[46]
1880s
- 1880 – Berlin, Germany – International Fisheries Exhibition[23]
- 1880 – Christchurch, New Zealand – Christchurch Industrial Exhibition
- 1880 – Adelaide, South Australia – Industrial and Juvenile Exhibition
- 1880 – Glasgow, United Kingdom – Glasgow Electrical Exhibition[47][20]
- 1880-1881 – Melbourne, Victoria – Melbourne International Exhibition (1880)[13]
- 1881 – Adelaide, South Australia – Adelaide Exhibition.[48]
- 1881 – Matanzas, Cuba – Exhibition of Matanzas
- 1881 – Milwaukee, Wisconsin – Milwaukee Industrial Exposition[49]
- 1881 – Paris, France – International Exposition of Electricity, Paris[30]
- 1881 – Dunedin, New Zealand – Dunedin Industrial Exhibition
- 1881 – Atlanta, Georgia, United States – International Cotton Exposition[13]
- 1881 – Budapest, Austria-Hungary – Országos Nőipari Kiállitás[citation needed][50]
- 1881 – London, United Kingdom – International Medical and Sanitary Exhibition[citation needed]
- 1881 – Tokyo, Japan – Second National Industrial Exhibition[51]
- 1881-1882 – Perth, Western Australia – Perth International Exhibition[52]
- 1882 – Lille, France – International Exposition of Industrial Art[citation needed]
- 1882 – Munich, Germany – International Electrical Exposition[citation needed]
- 1882 – Christchurch, New Zealand – New Zealand International Exhibition[citation needed]
- 1882 – London, United Kingdom – Crystal Palace Electric Exhibition[53]
- 1882 – Edinburgh, United Kingdom – International Fisheries Exhibition[54]
- 1882 – Bordeaux, France – Exposition internationale des vins[30]
- 1882 – Buenos Aires, Argentina – South American Continental Exhibition (Exposición Continental Sud-Americana)[55]
- 1883 – London, United Kingdom – International Electric Exhibition[citation needed]
- 1883 – Vienna, Austria-Hungary – International Electrical Exposition[citation needed]
- 1883 – Cork, United Kingdom – Cork Industrial Exhibition[citation needed]
- 1883 – Amsterdam, Netherlands – International Colonial and Export Exhibition[13]
- 1883 – Calcutta, India – Calcutta International Exhibition[13]
- 1883 – Marseilles, France – International Maritime Exposition[citation needed]
- 1883 – Christchurch, New Zealand – All Colonial Exhibition
- 1883 – Madrid, Spain – Exposition of Mining and Metallurgy[citation needed]
- 1883 – South Kensington, United Kingdom – International Fisheries Exhibition[citation needed]
- 1883 – Parramatta, New South Wales – Intercolonial Juvenile Industrial Exhibition[citation needed]
- 1883 – Hobart, Tasmania – Tasmanian Juvenile and Industrial Exhibition
- 1883 – Launceston, Tasmania – Art and Industrial Exhibition
- 1883 – Louisville, Kentucky, United States – Southern Exposition[13]
- 1883 – New York City, United States – World's Fair (1883) (never held)[35]
- 1883 – Caracas, Venezuela – National Exposition of Venezuela
- 1883–1884 – Boston, Massachusetts, United States – The American Exhibition of the Products, Arts and Manufactures of Foreign Nations[56]
- 1884 – Nice, France – International Exposition of Nice[citation needed]
- 1884 – Amsterdam, Netherlands – International Agricultural Exhibition[citation needed]
- 1884 – London, United Kingdom – London International Universal Exhibition[57]
- 1884 – South Kensington, United Kingdom – International Health and Education Exhibition[citation needed]
- 1884 – Cape Town, Cape Colony – South African Industrial Exhibition
- 1884 – Durban, South Africa – Natal Agricultural, Horticultural, Industrial and Art Exhibition[58]
- 1884 – New Orleans, Louisiana, United States – World Cotton Centennial[13]
- 1884 – Melbourne, Victoria[30] – Victorian International Exhibition 1884 of Wine, Fruit, Grain & other products of the soil of Australasia with machinery, plant and tools employed
- 1884 – Edinburgh, United Kingdom – First International Forestry Exhibition[30]
- 1884 – Turin, Italy – Esposizione Generale Italiana[30]
- 1884 – Adelaide, South Australia – Grand Industrial Exhibition
- 1885 – Melbourne, Victoria – Victorians' Jubilee Exhibition (1885) (Jubilee of Victoria Exhibition)[citation needed]
- 1885 – Port Elizabeth, Cape Colony (now South Africa) – South African Exhibition[citation needed]
- 1885 – Antwerp, Belgium – Exposition Universelle d'Anvers (1885)[13]
- 1885 – Nuremberg, Germany – International Exposition of Metals and Metallurgy[citation needed]
- 1885 – Budapest, Hungary – Hungarian National Exhibition[citation needed]
- 1885 – Wellington, New Zealand – New Zealand Industrial Exhibition[59]
- 1885 – Zaragoza, Spain – Aragonese Exposition[citation needed]
- 1885 – London, United Kingdom – International Inventions Exhibition[60]
- 1886 – London, United Kingdom – Colonial and Indian Exhibition (1886)[13]
- 1886 – Edinburgh, United Kingdom – International Exhibition of Industry, Science and Art[13]
- 1886 – Liverpool, United Kingdom – International Exhibition of Navigation, Commerce and Industry (1886)[59][61]
- 1886 – Bendigo, Victoria – Juvenile and Industrial Exhibition
- 1886 – Launceston, Tasmania – Launceston Industrial Exhibition
- 1886 – Perth, Western Australia – West Australian Exhibition
- 1887 – Le Havre, France – International Maritime Exposition[citation needed]
- 1887 – Atlanta, United States – Piedmont Exposition[citation needed]
- 1887 – Geelong, Victoria – Geelong Jubilee Juvenile and Industrial Exhibition (1887)[citation needed]
- 1887 – Manchester, United Kingdom – Royal Jubilee Exhibition[citation needed]
- 1887 – London, United Kingdom – American Exhibition[59]
- 1887 – Newcastle, United Kingdom – Royal Mining Engineering Jubilee Exhibition[citation needed]
- 1887 – Rome, Italy – Esposizione mondiale (1887)[citation needed]
- 1887 – Madrid, Spain – Exposición General de las Islas Filipinas[62][63]
- 1887–1888 – Adelaide, South Australia – Adelaide Jubilee International Exhibition (1887)[13]
- 1888 – Glasgow, United Kingdom – International Exhibition (1888)[13]
- 1888 – Brussels, Belgium – Grand Concours International des Sciences et de l'Industrie (1888)[59]
- 1888 – Barcelona, Spain – Exposición Universal de Barcelona (1888)[13]
- 1888 – Cincinnati, Ohio – Cincinnati Centennial Exposition (1888)[64]
- 1888 – Lisbon, Portugal – Exposição Industrial Portugueza (1888)[65]
- 1888 – Copenhagen, Denmark – The Nordic Exhibition of 1888 (Nordiske Industri-Landbrugs og Kunstudstilling)[59]
- 1888–1889 – Melbourne, Victoria – Melbourne Centennial Exhibition[citation needed]
- 1888–1889 – Melbourne, Victoria – Victorian Juvenile Industrial Exhibition (1888)[13]
- 1889 – Paris, France – Exposition Universelle (1889) – Eiffel Tower[citation needed]
- 1889 – Dunedin, New Zealand – New Zealand and South Seas Exhibition (1889)[13]
- 1889 – Buffalo, New York, United States – International Industrial Fair (1889)[citation needed]
1890s
- 1890 – Buenos Aires, Argentina – Agricultural Exhibition
- 1890 – Vienna, Austria-Hungary – Agricultural and Forestry Exposition[citation needed]
- 1890 – Bremen, Germany – Nord-West-Deutsche Gewerbe und Industrie-Ausstellung[59]
- 1890 – London, United Kingdom – International Exhibition of Mining and Metallurgy[citation needed][66]
- 1890 – Edinburgh, United Kingdom – International Exhibition of Science, Art & Industry[54]
- 1890 – Ballarat, Victoria - Australian Juvenile Industrial Exhibition
- 1891 – Moscow, Russia – Exposition française[citation needed]
- 1891 – Frankfurt, Germany – International Electrotechnical Exhibition[citation needed]
- 1891 – Kingston, Jamaica – International Exhibition (1891)[13]
- 1891 – Prague, Austria-Hungary – General Land Centennial Exhibition (1891) at the Prague Exhibition Grounds [1]
- 1891 – Adelaide, South Australia – Industrial Exhibition of South Australian Industries, Products and Manufactures
- 1891 – Port of Spain – Trinidad and Tobago Exhibition
- 1891–1892 – Launceston, Tasmania – Tasmanian International Exhibition (1891)[59]
- 1892 – Grenoble, France – International Alpine Exposition of Grenoble
- 1892 – Genoa, Italy – Esposizione Italo-Americana (1892)
- 1892 – Washington, D.C., United States – Exposition of the Three Americas (1892) (never held)[35]
- 1892 – London, United Kingdom – Crystal Palace Electrical Exhibition
- 1892 – Kimberley, Cape of Good Hope – South African and International Exhibition[67]
- 1892–1893 – Madrid, Spain – Historical American Exposition[13]
- 1893 – Chicago, Illinois, United States – World's Columbian Exposition[13] – Palace of Fine Arts and the World's Congress Auxiliary Building
- 1893 – New York City, United States – World's Fair Prize Winners' Exposition (1893)
- 1894 – San Francisco, California, United States – California Midwinter International Exposition of 1894[13]
- 1894 – Antwerp, Belgium – Exposition Internationale d'Anvers (1894)[13]
- 1894 – Santiago, Chile – International Mining and Metallurgical Exposition
- 1894 – Lyons, France – Exposition internationale et coloniale[59]
- 1894 – Manchester, United Kingdom – British and Colonial Exhibition[citation needed]
- 1894 – Porto, Portugal – Exposição Insular e Colonial Portugueza (1894)[citation needed]
- 1894 – Fremantle, Western Australia – Fremantle Industrial Exhibition
- 1895 – Adelaide, South Australia – Exhibition of Art and Industry
- 1895 – Hobart, Tasmania – Tasmanian International Exhibition (1895)[13]
- 1895 – Ballarat, Victoria – Australian Industrial Exhibition (1895)[citation needed]
- 1895 – Bordeaux, France – Bordeaux Exposition
- 1895 – Kyoto, Japan – National Japanese Exhibition
- 1895 – Christchurch, New Zealand – Art and Industrial Exhibition
- 1895 – Atlanta, Georgia, United States – Cotton States and International Exposition (1895) (Atlanta Exposition)[68]
- 1895 – Montevideo, Uruguay - National Agricultural Exhibition
- 1896 – Rouen, France – National and Colonial Exposition[citation needed]
- 1896 – Kiel, Germany – International Shipping and Fishery Exposition[citation needed]
- 1896 – Budapest, Austria-Hungary – Hungarian Millenary Exhibition[citation needed]
- 1896 – Wellington, New Zealand – Wellington Industrial Exhibition
- 1896 – Nizhny Novgorod, Russia – Pan Russian Exhibition[citation needed]
- 1896 – Malmö, Sweden – Nordic Industrial and Handicraft Exhibition[citation needed]
- 1896 – Berlin, Germany – Great Industrial Exposition of Berlin[59]
- 1896 – Mexico City, Mexico – International Exposition (1896) (never held)[35]
- 1896 – Cardiff, United Kingdom – Cardiff Fine Arts, Industrial, and Maritime Exhibition[69]
- 1897 – Brussels, Belgium – Exposition Internationale de Bruxelles (1897)[68]
- 1897 – Arcachon, France – Arcachon International Exposition[citation needed]
- 1897 – Guatemala City, Guatemala – Exposición Centroamericana[68]
- 1897 – London, United Kingdom – Imperial Victorian Exhibition[70]
- 1897 – Brisbane, Queensland – Queensland International Exhibition[71]
- 1897 – Chicago, Illinois, United States – Irish Fair (1897)[citation needed]
- 1897 – Nashville, Tennessee, United States – Tennessee Centennial and International Exposition[68]
- 1897 – Stockholm, Sweden – General Art and Industrial Exposition of Stockholm[68]
- 1897 – Kiev, Russian Empire – Agricultural Exhibition[citation needed]
- 1898 – Buenos Aires, Argentina – National Exhibition
- 1898 – Jerusalem, Ottoman Empire – Universal Scientific and Philanthropic Exposition (1898)[citation needed]
- 1898 – Auckland, New Zealand – Auckland Industrial and Mining Exhibition[citation needed]
- 1898 – Dunedin, New Zealand – Otago Jubilee Industrial Exhibition (1898)[citation needed]
- 1898 – Omaha, Nebraska, United States – Trans-Mississippi Exposition[68]
- 1898 – Bergen, Norway – International Fisheries Exposition (1898)[citation needed]
- 1898 – Munich, Germany – Kraft – und Arbeitsmaschinen-Ausstellung (1898)
- 1898 – San Francisco, California, United States – California's Golden Jubilee (1898)[72]
- 1898 – Turin, Italy – Esposizione Generale Italiana[71]
- 1898 – Vienna, Austria-Hungary – Jubiläums-Ausstellung[71]
- 1898 – Launceston, Tasmania – Tasmanian Juvenile Industrial Exhibition
- 1898 – Grahamstown, South Africa – Industrial and Arts Exhibition[citation needed]
- 1899 – Coolgardie, Western Australia – Western Australian International Mining and Industrial Exhibition[71]
- 1899 – Como, Italy – Como Electrical Exhibition[citation needed]
- 1899 – Omaha, Nebraska, United States – Greater America Exposition
- 1899 – Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, United States – National Export Exposition[71]
- 1899 – London, United Kingdom – Greater Britain Exhibition[73]
1900s
- 1900 – Paris, France – Exposition Universelle (1900)[68] – Le Grand Palais
- 1900 – Adelaide, South Australia – Century Exhibition of Arts and Industries (1900)[citation needed]
- 1900 – Christchurch, New Zealand – Canterbury Jubilee Industrial Exhibition
- 1901 – Bendigo, Australia – Victorian Gold Jubilee Exhibition
- 1901 – Buffalo, New York, United States – Pan-American Exposition[68]
- 1901 – Glasgow, United Kingdom – Glasgow International Exhibition (1901)[68]
- 1901 – Vienna, Austria-Hungary – Bosnische Weihnachts-Ausstellung (1901)
- 1901 – Charleston, South Carolina, United States – South Carolina Inter-State and West Indian Exposition[68]
- 1902 – Vienna, Austria-Hungary – International Fishery Exposition
- 1902 – Turin, Italy – Esposizione Internazionale d'Arte Decorativa Moderna[68]
- 1902 – Hanoi, French Indochina – Hanoi exhibition (Indo China Exposition Française et Internationale)[68]
- 1902 – Lille, France – International Exposition of Lille
- 1902 – Cork, United Kingdom – Cork International Exhibition[74]
- 1902 – Wolverhampton, United Kingdom – Wolverhampton Art and Industrial Exhibition
- 1902 – St. Petersburg, Russia – International Fisheries Exhibition
- 1902 – New York City, United States – United States, Colonial and International Exposition (1902) (never held)[35]
- 1902 – Toledo, Ohio, United States – Ohio Centennial and Northwest Territory Exposition (1902) – (never held)[35]
- 1903 – Melbourne, Australia – Australian Federal International Exhibition
- 1903 – Osaka, Japan – Fifth National Industrial Exhibition[71]
- 1904 – St. Louis, Missouri, United States – Louisiana Purchase Exposition[68] (also called Louisiana Purchase International Exposition and Olympic Games ): 1904 Summer Olympics
- 1904 – Cape Town, South Africa – Cape Town Industrial Exhibition
- 1905 – Portland, Oregon, United States – Lewis and Clark Centennial Exposition[68]
- 1905 – Liège, Belgium – Exposition universelle et internationale de Liège (1905)[68]
- 1905 – London, United Kingdom – Naval, Shipping and Fisheries Exhibition[71]
- 1905 – New York City, United States – Irish Industrial Exposition (1905)[75]
- 1906 – Vienna, Austria-Hungary – Hygiene Exhibition
- 1906 – Milan, Italy – Esposizione Internazionale del Sempione[68]
- 1906 – London, United Kingdom – Imperial Austrian Exhibition[71]
- 1906 – Marseille, France – Exposition coloniale (1906)[76]
- 1906 – Bucharest, Romania – Romanian General Exposition
- 1906 – Tourcoing, France – International Exposition of Textile Industries
- 1906–1907 – Christchurch, New Zealand – International Exhibition (1906)[68]
- 1907 – Bordeaux, France – International Maritime Exposition
- 1907 – Tokyo, Japan – Tokyo Industrial Exhibition
- 1907 – Bergen, Norway – Nordic Marine Motor Exhibition
- 1907 – Dublin, United Kingdom – Irish International Exhibition[68]
- 1907 – Hampton Roads, Virginia, United States – Jamestown Exposition
- 1907 – Chicago, Illinois, United States – World's Pure Food Exposition (1907)[citation needed]
- 1907 – Mannheim, Germany – Internationale Kunst-Ausstellung (1907)[citation needed]
- 1908 – Marseille, France – Exposition of Electricity
- 1908 – Trondheim, Norway – Scandinavian Fisheries Exhibition
- 1908 – Zaragoza, Spain – Hispano-French Exposition of 1908[71]
- 1908 – London, United Kingdom – Franco-British Exhibition (1908)[68]
- 1908 – Edinburgh, United Kingdom – Scottish National Exhibition[77][78]
- 1908 – New York City, United States – International Mining Exposition (1908)
- 1908 – Rio de Janeiro, Brazil – Exhibition of the centenary of the opening of the Ports of Brazil
- 1908 – Marseille, France – Exposition International de l'Electricite[79][80]
- 1909 – London, United Kingdom – Imperial International Exhibition[81]
- 1909 – Nancy, France – Exposition Internationale de l'Est de la France[citation needed]
- 1909 – Seattle, Washington, United States – Alaska-Yukon-Pacific Exposition[68]
- 1909 – New York City, United States – Hudson-Fulton Celebration[82]
- 1909 – San Francisco, California, United States – Portolá Festival (1909)[citation needed]
- 1909 – Quito, Ecuador – National Ecuadorian Exposition[71]
1910s
- 1910 – Vienna, Austria-Hungary – International Hunting Exposition
- 1910 – Santiago, Chile – International Agricultural and Industrial Exposition
- 1910 – Bogotá, Colombia – Exposición del Centenario de la independencia (1910)[citation needed]
- 1910 – Nanking, China – Nanyang Industrial Exposition[68]
- 1910 – Brussels, Belgium – Brussels International 1910[68]
- 1910 – Buenos Aires, Argentina – Exposición Internacional del Centenario[citation needed]
- 1910 – Nagoya, Japan – Nagoya Industrial Exhibition
- 1910 – London, United Kingdom – Japan–British Exhibition[71]
- 1910 – San Francisco, California, United States – Admission Day Festival (1910) September 8, 9, 10[83][84][85][86][87]
- 1910 – Vienna, Austria-Hungary – Internationale Jagd-Ausstellung (1910)[71]
- 1911 – Charleroi, Belgium – Charleroi Exposition
- 1911 – Havana, Cuba – Cuban National Exposition[citation needed]
- 1911 – Roubaix, France – International Exposition of Northern France
- 1911 – Dresden, Germany – International Hygiene Exhibition[71]
- 1911 – London, United Kingdom – Coronation Exhibition (1911)[71]
- 1911 – London, United Kingdom – Festival of Empire[88]
- 1911 – Rome, Italy – Esposizione internazionale d'arte (1911)[71]
- 1911 – Wellington, New Zealand – Coronation Industrial Exhibition
- 1911 – Turin, Italy – Turin International[71]
- 1911 – Omsk, Russia – Western Siberian Exhibition
- 1911 – Glasgow, United Kingdom – Scottish Exhibition of National History, Art and Industry[71]
- 1911 – New York City, United States – International Mercantile Exposition (1911)[89]
- 1912 – Manila, Philippines – Philippine Exposition (1912)[90]
- 1912 – London, United Kingdom – Latin-British Exhibition[91]
- 1912, 1917 – Tokyo, Japan – Grand Exhibition of Japan (planned for 1912, postponed to 1917 and then never held)[92]
- 1913 – Melbourne, Australia - Great All-Australian Exhibition
- 1913 – Leipzig, Germany – International Building Trades Exposition
- 1913 – Auckland, New Zealand – Auckland Exhibition[91]
- 1913 – Ghent, Belgium – Exposition universelle et internationale (1913)[68]
- 1913 – Amsterdam, Netherlands – Tentoonstelling De Vrouw 1813–1913[93]
- 1913 – Kiev, Russian Empire – All Russian Exhibition
- 1913 – Knoxville, Tennessee, United States – National Conservation Exposition[94]
- 1914 – London, United Kingdom – Anglo-American Exhibition[91]
- 1914 – Malmö, Sweden – Baltic Exhibition[citation needed]
- 1914 – Boulogne-sur-Mer, France – International Exposition of Sea Fishery Industries (1914)[citation needed]
- 1914 – Lyon, France – Exposition internationale urbaine de Lyon[citation needed]
- 1914 – Tokyo, Japan – Tokyo Taisho Exposition
- 1914 – Cologne, Germany – Werkbund Exhibition (1914)[95]
- 1914 – Bristol, United Kingdom – International Exhibition (1914)[96]
- 1914 – Nottingham, United Kingdom – Universal Exhibition (1914) (work begun on site 1913 but never held)[97][98]
- 1914 – Semarang, Dutch East Indies – Colonial Exhibition of Semarang (Colonial Exposition)[citation needed]
- 1914 – Christiania, Norway – 1914 Jubilee Exhibition (Norges Jubilæumsutstilling)[99]
- 1914 – Baltimore, United States – National Star-Spangled Banner Centennial Celebration[100]
- 1914 – Genoa, Italy – International exhibition of marine and maritime hygiene [citation needed]
- 1915 – Casablanca, Morocco – Casablanca Fair of 1915[citation needed]
- 1915 – San Francisco, California, United States – Panama–Pacific International Exposition[68] Palace of Fine Arts
- 1915 – Panama City, Panama – Exposición Nacional de Panama (1915)[91]
- 1915 – Richmond, United States – Negro Historical and Industrial Exposition (1915)[citation needed]
- 1915 – Chicago, United States – Lincoln Jubilee and Exposition (1915)[101]
- 1915–1916 – San Diego, California, United States – Panama–California Exposition[68]
- 1916 – Wellington, New Zealand – British Commercial and Industrial Exhibition
- 1918 – New York City, United States – Bronx International Exposition of Science, Arts and Industries[91]
- 1918 – Los Angeles, United States – California Liberty Fair (1918)[citation needed]
1920s
- 1920 – Adelaide, Australia – All-Australian Peace Exhibition
- 1920 – Shanghai, China – American-Chinese Exposition[35]
- 1921 – Riga, Latvia – International Exhibition of Agriculture and Industry
- 1921 – Wellington, New Zealand – Exhibition of New Zealand Industries
- 1921 – London, United Kingdom – International Exhibition of Rubber and Other Tropical Products (1921)
- 1922 – Marseille, France – Exposition nationale coloniale (1922)[91]
- 1922 – Tokyo, Japan – Peace Exhibition (1922)[citation needed]
- 1922 – Christchurch, New Zealand – Exhibition of New Zealand Industries
- 1922–1923 – Rio de Janeiro, Brazil – Exposição do Centenario do Brasil (1922)[68]
- 1923 – Auckland, New Zealand – Dominion Industrial Exhibition
- 1923 – Los Angeles, United States – American Historical Review and Motion Picture Exposition (1923)
- 1923 – Calcutta, India – Calcutta Exhibition (1923) preparatory to British Empire Exhibition
- 1923 – Moscow, Soviet Union – All-Russian Agricultural and Domestic Industries Exhibition
- 1923 – Gothenburg, Sweden – Gothenburg Exhibition (1923) (Jubileumsutställningens i Göteborg) (Liseberg)[91]
- 1923–1924 – Hokitika, New Zealand – British and Intercolonial Exhibition[102]
- 1924 – Wembley, London, United Kingdom – British Empire Exhibition
- 1924 – New York City, United States – French Exposition (1924)[103]
- 1924–1925 Buenos Aires, Argentina – Industrial Exposition
- 1925 – Adelaide, Australia – All-Australian Exhibition
- 1925 – Wellington, New Zealand – Dominion Industrial Exhibition
- 1925 – San Francisco, California, United States – California's Diamond Jubilee (1925)
- 1925 – Paris, France – International Exhibition of Modern Decorative and Industrial Arts[68]
- 1925–1926 – Dunedin, New Zealand – New Zealand and South Seas International Exhibition[68]
- 1926 – Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, United States – Sesquicentennial Exposition[68]
- 1926 – Berlin, Germany – Internationale Polizeiausstellung (1926)
- 1927 – Lyon, France – Foire internationale (1925)
- 1927 – Stuttgart, Germany – Werkbund Exhibition
- 1928 – Cologne, Germany – International Press Exhibition
- 1928 – Long Beach, United States – Pacific Southwest Exposition (1928)[68]
- 1929 – Newcastle upon Tyne, United Kingdom – North East Coast Exhibition
- 1929 – Hangzhou, China – Westlake Exposition
- 1929–1930 – Seville, Spain – Ibero-American Exposition of 1929
- 1929–1930 – Barcelona, Spain,[68] – 1929 Barcelona International Exposition
1930s
- 1930 – Adelaide, Australia – All-Australian Exhibition
- 1930 – Antwerp, Belgium[68] – Exposition internationale coloniale, maritime et d'art flamand
- 1930 – Liège, Belgium[104] – Exposition internationale de la grande industrie, sciences et applications, art wallon ancien
- 1930 – Oran, Algeria – Oran Exposition
- 1930 – Dresden, Germany – International Hygiene Exposition
- 1930 – Stockholm, Sweden – Stockholm Exhibition (1930) (Utställningen av konstindustri, konsthandverk och hemslöjd)[105]
- 1930 – Trondheim, Norway – Trøndelag Exhibition[citation needed]
- 1931 – Paris, France[104] – Paris Colonial Exposition[105]
- 1931 – Berlin, Germany – International Building Exposition
- 1932 – Tel Aviv, Palestine – Levant Fair[106]
- 1933 – Tokyo, Japan – Women's and Children International Exhibition
- 1933–1934 – Buenos Aires, Argentina – Industrial Exposition
- 1933–1934 – Chicago, Illinois, United States[104] – Century of Progress International Exposition[105]
- 1934 – Melbourne, Australia – Centenary All Australian Exhibition
- 1934 – Porto, Portugal – Portuguese colonial exhibition[91][105]
- 1934 – Tel Aviv, Palestine – Levant Fair[105]
- 1935 – Yokohama, Japan – Grand Yokohama Exposition
- 1935 – Moscow, Soviet Union – All-Union Agricultural Exhibition (VSKhV)[citation needed]
- 1935 – Brussels, Belgium[104][105] – Brussels International Exposition (1935)
- 1935 – Porto Alegre, Brazil – Farroupilha Revolution centennial fair[105]
- 1935 – Taipei. Taiwan – The Taiwan Exposition: In Commemoration of the First Forty Years of Colonial Rule[107]
- 1935–1936 – San Diego, California United States[104] – California Pacific International Exposition[105]
- 1936 – Adelaide, Australia – Adelaide Centennial Exhibition
- 1936 – Stockholm, Sweden[108] ILIS 1936
- 1936 – Tel Aviv, Palestine – Levant Fair[109]
- 1936 – Cleveland, United States – Great Lakes Exposition[91]
- 1936 – Dallas, Texas, United States – Texas Centennial Exposition[91]
- 1936–1937 – Johannesburg, South Africa[104] – Empire Exhibition, South Africa[110][105]
- 1937 – Cleveland, Ohio, United States – Great Lakes Exposition[111]
- 1937 – Dallas, United States – Greater Texas & Pan-American Exposition[91][105]
- 1937 – Berlin, Germany – International Hunting Exposition
- 1937 – Düsseldorf, Germany – Reichsausstellung Schaffendes Volk[91]
- 1937 – Miami, United States[105] – Pan American Fair (1937)
- 1937 – Paris, France[104][105] – Exposition Internationale des Arts et Techniques dans la Vie Moderne (1937)
- 1937 – Nagoya, Japan – Nagoya Pan-Pacific Peace Exposition[105]
- 1938 – Berlin, Germany – International Handiworks Exposition
- 1938 – Glasgow, United Kingdom[104] – Empire Exhibition, Scotland 1938
- 1938 – Helsinki, Finland[108] Second International Aeronautic Exhibition
- 1939 – Wellington, New Zealand[105] – New Zealand Centennial Exhibition
- 1939 – Liège, Belgium – Exposition internationale de l'eau (1939)[91][108]
- 1939 – Zürich, Switzerland – Schweizerische Landesausstellung
- 1939 – Moscow, Soviet Union – All-Union Agricultural Exhibition
- 1939–1940 – New York City, United States[104] – 1939 New York World's Fair (exhibits included The World of Tomorrow, Futurama, Trylon and Perisphere)
- 1939–1940 – San Francisco, California, United States[104] – Golden Gate International Exposition
1940s
- 1940 – Lisbon, Portugal[104] – Portuguese World Exhibition
- 1940 – Chicago, Illinois, United States – American Negro Exposition
- 1940 – Los Angeles, California, United States – Pacific Mercado (1940) (never held)[35][112]
- 1940 – Naples, Italy – Mostra Triennale delle Terre Italiane d’Oltremare (Triennial Exhibition of Overseas Italian Territories)
- 1940 – Tokyo, Japan – Grand International Exposition of Japan (1940) (never held)[35][112]
- 1942 – Los Angeles, California, United States – Cabrillo Fair (1942) (never held)[35]
- 1942 – Rome, Italy – Esposizione universale (1942) (E42) (never held)[35][112]
- 1943 – Stockholm, Sweden – Norwegian Exhibition[113]
- 1947 – Paris, France[108] – International Exhibition on Urbanism and Housing
- 1948 – Brussels, Belgium – Foire coloniale (1948)
- 1949 – Stockholm, Sweden – Universal Sport Exhibition[108]
- 1949 – Lyon, France[108] – International Exhibition on Urbanism and Housing
- 1949–1950 – Port-au-Prince, Haiti[104] – Exposition internationale du bicentenaire de Port-au-Prince
1950s
- 1951 – Lille, France[108] – The International Textile Exhibition[114]
- 1951 – London, United Kingdom[104] – Festival of Britain – Skylon
- 1952 – Colombo, Ceylon – Colombo Exhibition[citation needed]
- 1953 – St Louis, Missouri, United States – intended to commemorate the Louisiana Purchase's sesquicentennial, but never held[112]
- 1953 – Manila, Philippines – the Philippines International Fair of 1953, 1 February – 30 April 1953, to show off the recovery of the Philippines from WW2 and as the first democracy in the Far East[115][116][117][118]
- 1953 – Jerusalem, Israel – International Exhibition and Fair Jerusalem Israel Conquest of the desert[108]
- 1953 – Rome, Italy – Agricultural Exposition of Rome EA 53 Rome[108][119]
- 1954 – Naples, Italy – Oltremare Exhibition – Campi Flegrei[108][119]
- 1954 – Bogota, Colombia – First International Industry and Commerce Fair of Bogota[citation needed]
- 1954–1955 – São Paulo, Brazil – Fourth Centenary Exhibition[citation needed]
- 1955 – Turin, Italy – International Expo of Sport Turin 1955[108][119]
- 1955 – Helsingborg, Sweden[108] Helsingborg Exhibition 1955[120]
- 1955 – Ciudad Trujillo (Santo Domingo), Dominican Republic – Feria de la Paz y Confraternidad del Mundo Libre[91]
- 1956 – Beit Dagan, Israel – Exhibition of citriculture[108]
- 1957 – Berlin[108] International Building Exposition[121]
- 1958 – Brussels, Belgium[104] – Expo '58 (Exposition Universelle et Internationale de Bruxelles) – Atomium
- 1959 – New Delhi, India – World Agricultural Fair[122]
- 1959 – Moscow, Soviet Union – VDNKh[123]
1960s
- 1960 – cancelled (planned site: Caracas, Venezuela)
- 1961 – Turin, Italy – Exposition International du Travail[108][124] Expo 61
- 1962 – Seattle, United States[104] – Century 21 Exposition – Space Needle
- 1964 – Lausanne, Switzerland – Expo 64 – Schweizerische Landesausstellung
- 1964–1965 – New York City, United States[104] – 1964/1965 New York World's Fair (note: not sanctioned by the Bureau International des Expositions) – Unisphere
- 1965 – Munich, Germany – International Exhibition of Transport and Communication[125]
- 1967 – Montreal, Quebec, Canada[104] – Expo 67, (Universal and International Exhibition of 1967)
- 1968 – San Antonio, Texas, United States[104][108] – HemisFair '68 – Tower of the Americas
1970s
- 1970 – Osaka, Japan[104] – Expo '70 (Japan World Exposition)
- 1971 – Budapest, Hungary[108][126] – Expo 71 (Exhibition World of Hunting)
- 1974 – Spokane, Washington, United States[104][108] – Expo '74 (International Exposition on the Environment) – Riverfront Park
- 1975 – Okinawa, Japan[104][108] – Expo '75 (International Ocean Exposition)
1980s
- 1981 – Plovdiv, Bulgaria – Expo 81[127]
- 1982 – Knoxville, Tennessee, United States[108] – 1982 World's Fair (International Energy Exposition) – Sunsphere
- 1984 – New Orleans, Louisiana, United States[104][108] – 1984 Louisiana World Exposition [a.k.a., 1984 World's Fair] (Theme: "Fresh Water As A Source of Life")
- 1984 – Liverpool, United Kingdom International Garden Festival Liverpool'84
- 1985 – Plovdiv, Bulgaria – Expo 85[128]
- 1985 – Tsukuba, Japan[104][108] – Expo 85
- 1986 – Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada[104][108] – Expo 86 (1986 World Exposition)
- to date, the last World's Fair to be held in North America
- 1988 – Brisbane, Australia[104][108] – Expo '88 (World Expo '88) – Skyneedle
- 1989 – Nagoya, Japan – World Design Exhibition 1989
1990s
- 1991 – Plovdiv, Bulgaria – Second World Exhibition of inventions of the young[108][129]
- 1992 – three expositions (1 was cancelled) celebrating 500 years since Christopher Columbus reached the Americas
- Seville, Spain[104] – Seville Expo '92 Universal Exposition, port where Columbus started his voyage
- Genoa, Italy[104] – Genoa Expo '92 Specialized Exposition, city where Columbus was born
- Chicago, United States (Cancelled)[130] – meant to generically represent the Americas-side of Columbus' voyage
- 1993 – Daejeon (Taejon), South Korea[104] – Expo '93
- 1995 – Vienna, Austria which was proposed to be a joint exhibition with Budapest. This was never held[130]
- 1996 – cancelled (planned site: Budapest, Hungary)[130]
- 1998 – Lisbon, Portugal[104] – Expo '98
- 1999 – Kunming, China – World Horticultural Exposition[91]
2000s
- 2000 – Hanover, Germany[131] – Expo 2000
- 2000 – Greenwich, London, United Kingdom – Millennium Dome[91]
- 2002 – cancelled (planned site: Metro Manila, Philippines)[132][133]
- 2002 – cancelled (planned site: Gold Coast, Queensland, Australia)[133]
- 2002 – Biel, Murten, Neuchâtel and Yverdon-les-Bains in Switzerland – Expo.02
- 2004 – cancelled (planned site: Seine-Saint-Denis, France)[134]
- 2004 – Barcelona, Spain – Universal Forum of World Cultures[91]
- 2005 – Aichi, Japan – Expo 2005[135]
- 2008 – Zaragoza, Spain – Expo 2008[136]
2010s
- 2010 – Shanghai,[131] China – Expo 2010
- 2012 – Yeosu,[137] South Korea – Expo 2012
- 2015 – Milan, Italy – Expo 2015
- 2017 – Astana, Kazakhstan – Expo 2017
2020s
- 2021–2022[138] – Dubai, United Arab Emirates — Expo 2020[139]
- 2023 – Buenos Aires, Argentina — Expo 2023[140] – cancelled
- 2025 – Osaka, Japan[141] — Expo 2025
- 2027 - Belgrade, Serbia - Expo 2027
Future bids and candidate cities
Expo 2030
Four countries have submitted bids for the six-month world expo to be held in 2030.
- 2030 – Russia had submitted Moscow for the Expo 2030 event to be held between 27 April and 27 October 2030.[142] This bid was withdrawn in May 2022.
- 2030 – Ukraine has submitted Odesa.
- 2030 – Italy has submitted Rome.
- 2030 – South Korea has submitted Busan. The exposition would run from May 1 to October 31 with a theme of “Transforming Our World, Navigating Toward a Better Future.”
- 2030 – Saudi Arabia has submitted Riyadh for the Expo 2030
See also
References
- ^ "The era of enlightenment". Archived from the original on 16 March 2012. Retrieved 11 March 2011.
- ^ "Arthur Chandler, The First Industrial Exposition: L'Exposition publique des produits de l'industrie française, Paris, 1798". Archived from the original on May 15, 2008. Retrieved 25 April 2011.
- ^ F. C. Danvers, 'International Exhibitions,' Quarterly Journal of Science 4:4 (October 1867) 488–499.
- ^ a b c d e f g h i 'Sketch of the French Expositions,' Hogg's Instructor New Series 6 (1851) 372–373.
- ^ Bigatti, Giorgio; Onger, Sergio (2007). Arti, tecnologia, progetto: le esposizioni d'industria in Italia prima dell'unità (in Italian). FrancoAngeli. ISBN 978-88-464-8547-2.
- ^ Raimondo Riccini, 'Tracce di design. La produzione di oggetti fra tecnica e arti applicate,' in Giorgio Bigatti and Sergio Onger (eds), Arti technologi pogeto: Le exposizioni d'industria in Italia prima dell'Unità (Milan: FrancoAngeli, 2007) 257–276, 266.
- ^ Giudicio della Regia Camera di Agricoltura e di commercio di Torino sui prodotti dell'Industria de'R. Stati ammessi alla Pubblica esposizione dell'anno 1838 nelle sale del Real Castello del Valentino (Turin: Chirio e Mina, 1838).
- ^ "Expositions publiques des produits de l'industrie française avant 1850" (PDF). archivesnationales.culture.gouv.fr. 2005. Retrieved 9 October 2019.
- ^ Quarta esposizione di Industria e Belle arti al Real Valentino. da Remi amera di Agricoltura e di commercio di Torino, e notizie sulla patria industria, compilate da Carlo Ign. Giulio, relatore centrale (Turin: Stamperia Reale, 1844).
- ^ "Osler & Faraday – Wilkinson-plc". Archived from the original on August 31, 2015. Retrieved August 15, 2015.
- ^ King, Ed (2007). "The Crystal Palace and Great Exhibition of 1851" (PDF). gale.com. Retrieved 9 October 2019.
- ^ Giudizio della Regia Camera di Agricoltura e di commercio di Torino sulla quinta Esposizione di industria e di belle arti al Castello del Valentino nel 1850 et notizie sulla patria industria (Turin: 1851).
- ^ a b c d e f g h i j k l m n o p q r s t u v w x y z aa ab ac ad ae af ag ah ai Pelle, Findling, ed. (2008). "Appendix B:Fair Statistics". Encyclopedia of World's Fairs and Expositions. McFarland & Company, Inc. p. 414. ISBN 978-0-7864-3416-9.
- ^ a b c Pelle, Findling, ed. (2008). "Appendix D:Fairs Not Included". Encyclopedia of World's Fairs and Expositions. McFarland & Company, Inc. p. 422. ISBN 978-0-7864-3416-9.
- ^ Paci, Giacomo Maria (1854). Relazione della solenne pubblica esposizione di arti e manifatture del 1853 tratta dai fascicoli XCVIII e XCIX degli Annali Civili del Regno delle Due Sicilie. Stab. Tip. del Ministero dell'Interno.
- ^ Rivista di Firenze e bullettino delle arti del disegno ... (in Italian). 1858. p. 208.
- ^ a b c d e f g h i Lowe, Charles (1892). Four national exhibitions in London and their organiser. With portraits and illustrations (1892). London, T. F. Unwin. p. 28. Archived from the original on 4 June 2017. Retrieved 22 April 2012.
- ^ a b c d The Monthly Chronicle of North-country Lore and Legend: V.1–5; Mar. 1887-Dec. 1891. W. Scott. 1887.
- ^ "Côte-d'Or – Culture. En 1858, Dijon organisait son exposition universelle". www.bienpublic.com (in French). Retrieved 2019-10-09.
- ^ a b c Beauchamp, K. G.; Beauchamp, Kenneth George (1997). Exhibiting Electricity. IET. ISBN 978-0-85296-895-6.
- ^ Album descrittivo dei principali oggetti esposti nel Real Castello de Valentino in occasione della sesta Esposizione nazionale i prodotti d'industria nell'anno 1858 (Turin: presso Ufficio dei brevetti d'inveznione con Gabinetto di disegno industriale e litografico, 1858).
- ^ "Exposition Universelle at Metz". The Scotsman. Midlothian, Scotland: British Newspaper Archive. 19 February 1861. p. 2.
- ^ a b c d e f g h i j k l Goode, G. Brown (1883). "The International Fisheries Exhibition". Science. 1 (16): 450–1. doi:10.1126/science.ns-1.16.450. ISSN 0036-8075. JSTOR 1758889. PMID 17808075.
- ^ "World's Fair Collection". Fresno State Henry Madden Library. 23 March 2018. Retrieved 16 January 2020.
- ^ McCarthy, Conal (2008). "Dunedin 1865". In Pelle, Findling (ed.). Encyclopedia of World's Fairs and Expositions. McFarland & Company, Inc. p. 34. ISBN 978-0-7864-3416-9.
- ^ "Photographs Exhibited in Britain 1839–1865: details of 1865, Dublin, International Exhibition". Archived from the original on 27 February 2012. Retrieved 22 April 2012.
- ^ Industrial Exhibition at Sierra Leone, 1865: Its History, French and English Catalogues, Appointment of Jurors, Their Reports, and Lists of Their Awards. Hatchard and Company. 1866.
- ^ "O Portal da História – Cronologia do Liberalismo de 1853 a 1868" (in Portuguese). Archived from the original on 11 August 2016. Retrieved 14 December 2016.
- ^ The Monthly Chronicle of North-country Lore and Legend: V.1–5; Mar. 1887-Dec. 1891. W. Scott. 1887.
- ^ a b c d e f g h i j k Pelle, Findling, ed. (2008). "Appendix D:Fairs Not Included". Encyclopedia of World's Fairs and Expositions. McFarland & Company, Inc. p. 424. ISBN 978-0-7864-3416-9.
- ^ "Copenhagen Scandinavian Industry and Art Exhibition 1872". jdpecon.com. Retrieved 2021-01-10.
- ^ James Higgins (2005). LIMA A Cultural History. Oxford University Press. p. 158. ISBN 978-0-19-517890-6. Retrieved 29 April 2012.
- ^ "LIbGuides: World's Fair Collection: Alphabetical List of World's Fairs by City". Fresno State Henry Madden Library. Retrieved 28 August 2019.
- ^ "1865 – Dublin Exhibition – Architecture of Dublin City, Lost Buildings of Ireland – Archiseek – Irish Architecture". 2010-02-05. Archived from the original on November 4, 2016. Retrieved November 4, 2016.
- ^ a b c d e f g h i j k "World's Fair Never Held by Date". Archived from the original on 2014-02-22. Retrieved 2014-02-05.
- ^ "Report of the St. Helena Industrial Exhibition for 1874: presented to His Excellency the governor, 13th August 1874". H.M. Stationery Office. 1874-08-13. JSTOR 60232158.
- ^ THE JOURNAL OF THE SOCIETY OF ARTS. 1874. p. 376.
- ^ "Interior views of Franklin Institute Exhibition, 1874. [graphic]. | Library Company of Philadelphia Digital Collections". digital.librarycompany.org. Retrieved 2019-10-09.
- ^ "Vol. 24, No. 1233, JULY 7, 1876 of The Journal of the Society of Arts on JSTOR". www.jstor.org. Retrieved 2021-01-10.
- ^ Filipová, Marta (2017-07-05). Cultures of International Exhibitions 1840–1940: Great Exhibitions in the Margins. Routledge. ISBN 978-1-351-57034-3.
- ^ "THE QUEENSLAND FIRST INTERCOLONIAL EXHIBITION". Sydney Morning Herald (NSW : 1842–1954). 1876-09-25. p. 3. Retrieved 2019-10-09.
- ^ South Kensington Museum.; Museum, South Kensington. Handbook to the special loan collection of scientific apparatus 1876. [London]: Chapman and Hall.
- ^ "From the Great Exhibition to the Festival of Britain, 1851–1951" (PDF). p. 8. Archived (PDF) from the original on 21 September 2017. Retrieved 12 June 2017.
- ^ "First National Industrial Exhibition | Part 1: Expositions Held in and before 1900 | Expositions, where the modern technology of the times was exhibited". www.ndl.go.jp. Retrieved 2019-10-09.
- ^ Lowe, Charles (1892). Four national exhibitions in London and their organiser. With portraits and illustrations (1892). London, T. F. Unwin. p. 29. Archived from the original on 4 June 2017. Retrieved 5 April 2012.
- ^ "The London International Agricultural Exhibition at Kilburn". The Graphic. Vol. 20, no. 501. 5 July 1879. Archived from the original on 28 April 2019. Retrieved 28 April 2019.
- ^ Leahy, Richard (2018-08-15). Literary Illumination: The Evolution of Artificial Light in Nineteenth-Century Literature. University of Wales Press. ISBN 978-1-78683-269-6.
- ^ "THE ADELAIDE EXHIBITION". South Australian Register (Adelaide, SA : 1839 – 1900). 1881-07-21. p. 4. Retrieved 2019-10-30.
- ^ Beutner, Jeff. "Yesterday's Milwaukee: Milwaukee Industrial Exposition Building, 1880s". Urban Milwaukee. Retrieved 2023-02-14.
- ^ Pelikán, Kristóf (2023-01-28). Toth, Mark (ed.). "1881. "Országos Nőiparkiállítás Budapesten" Sn emlékérem". Darabanth Auctions (in Hungarian). Hungary. Archived from the original on 2023-01-28. Retrieved 2023-01-28.
- ^ Tseng, Alice Y. (2004). "Styling Japan: The Case of Josiah Conder and the Museum at Ueno, Tokyo". Journal of the Society of Architectural Historians. 63 (4): 472–497. doi:10.2307/4128015. ISSN 0037-9808. JSTOR 4128015.
- ^ "Inauguration Day". Exhibition supplement to The Inquirer. 16 November 1881. Retrieved 16 January 2020.
- ^ "Electrical appliances exhibited at the 1882 Electrical Exhibition, including chandeliers and the first telegraph instrument. Wood engraving, 1882". Wellcome Collection. Retrieved 2023-02-12.
- ^ a b "Edinburgh Events". Archived from the original on 27 March 2019. Retrieved 27 March 2019.
- ^ "LA EXPOSICIÓN CONTINENTAL SUDAMERICANA (15-3-1882) El arcón de la historia Argentina" (in Spanish). 2015-12-15. Archived from the original on November 18, 2017. Retrieved November 17, 2017.
- ^ "THE BOOK OF THE FAIR: Chapter the First: Fairs of the Past (Text)". Archived from the original on 3 December 2012. Retrieved 24 April 2012.
- ^ "1884 LONDON International and Universal Exhibition". Fiddlebase. Retrieved 2020-05-08.
- ^ Davison, Patricia. Visual Narratives of the Anglo-Zulu war. Horns engraved by an unknown African artist. p. 32.
- ^ a b c d e f g h i Pelle, Findling, ed. (2008). "Appendix D:Fairs Not Included". Encyclopedia of World's Fairs and Expositions. McFarland & Company, Inc. p. 425. ISBN 978-0-7864-3416-9.
- ^ Scaife W G S (1999). "The Inventions Exhibition in London 1885". From Galaxies to Turbines: Science, Technology and the Parsons Family. p. 596. doi:10.1201/9781420046922.ch1. ISBN 978-0-7503-0582-2.
- ^ "The International Shipperies Exhibition". Archived from the original on 1 October 2009. Retrieved 22 May 2012.
- ^ "Exposición general de las Islas Filipinas, 1887". Biblioteca Digital Hispánica. Retrieved 2022-12-19.
- ^ Museo Nacional de Antropología. "IMÁGENES DE UNA EXPOSICIÓN. FILIPINAS EN EL PARQUE DE EL RETIRO EN 1887" (PDF). Museo Nacional de Antropología. Retrieved December 18, 2022.
- ^ "Historical Photos of Cincinnati's 1888 Centennial Exposition". Retrieved 10 August 2020.
- ^ Portugal. Ministério da Marinha e Ultramar; Correia, José Candido (1888). Catalogo official dos objectos enviados á Exposição industrial portugueza em 1888. Robarts – University of Toronto. Lisboa : Imprensa nacional.
- ^ Australian mining official handbook: international exhibition of mining and metallurgy, London 1890. Dave Evans. 1997. ISBN 978-1-876294-00-7.
- ^ "1892 Kimberley South African and International Exposition – What Remains". Retrieved 29 September 2019.
- ^ a b c d e f g h i j k l m n o p q r s t u v w x y z aa ab ac ad ae af Pelle, Findling, ed. (2008). "Appendix B:Fair Statistics". Encyclopedia of World's Fairs and Expositions. McFarland & Company, Inc. p. 415. ISBN 978-0-7864-3416-9.
- ^ "Cardiff Remembered: When tigers, lions and crocodiles patrolled the city at 1896 exhibition – Wales Online". 2015-01-30. Archived from the original on 3 April 2019. Retrieved 3 April 2019.
- ^ Kiralfy, Imre; Earl's Court (London, England) (1897). Victorian Era Exhibition, 1897, Earl's Court, London, S.W.: guide. London: Riddle & Couchman.
- ^ a b c d e f g h i j k l m n o p q Pelle, Findling, ed. (2008). "Appendix D:Fairs Not Included". Encyclopedia of World's Fairs and Expositions. McFarland & Company, Inc. p. 426. ISBN 978-0-7864-3416-9.
- ^ Not generally considered an official World's Fair as the celebration had no national pavilions or international representation. CGJ was essentially a California Exposition and not an international exposition or World's Fair. This is a comment and not really a reference
- ^ "Earls Court". Exhibition Study Group. 2004. Archived from the original on 2015-07-11. Retrieved 2014-06-12.
- ^ "Cork International Exhibition – 1902". Exhibition Study Group. 2002. Archived from the original on 2011-02-05. Retrieved 2011-02-05.
- ^ "The Irish Exhibition in New York". The Sacred Heart Review. Boston College Libraries. Retrieved 5 February 2018.
- ^ "L'exposition coloniale". Archived from the original on 2017-12-28. Retrieved 2018-01-15.
- ^ Edinburgh Events: Scottish National Exhibition 1908 Archived 2019-03-27 at the Wayback Machine, EdinPhoto
- ^ Saughton’s glorious summer of 1908 Archived 2019-05-12 at the Wayback Machine, Tales of one city (Edinburgh Libraries)
- ^ "Exposition International d'Electricite Marseille 1908 – Julia Santen Gallery". Retrieved January 1, 2015.
- ^ "Exposition International d'Electricite". Archived from the original on September 4, 2015. Retrieved January 1, 2015.
- ^ "Imperial International Exhibition 1909". Exhibition Study Group. 2004. Archived from the original on 2015-07-11.
- ^ "The Hudson-Fulton Celebration, 100 Years Later". The Magazine Antiques. June 24, 2009. Archived from the original on April 2, 2019. Retrieved April 2, 2019.
- ^ "SAN FRANCISCO,CALIFORNIA,1910 CALIFORNIA ADMISSION DAY FESTIVAL,BEAR,SEP 8-9-10 – eBay". eBay. Archived from the original on 2018-03-15. Retrieved 2018-03-14.
- ^ "Admission D. 1910". www.postcard.org. Archived from the original on 2018-03-15. Retrieved 2018-03-14.
- ^ "United States Tobacco Journal". BMT Publications. 14 March 2018 – via Google Books.
- ^ "California Admission Day, 1910". Archived from the original on 2018-03-15. Retrieved 2018-03-14.
- ^ Wallace, Adam. "LibGuides: World's Fair Collection: Alphabetical List of World's Fairs by City". guides.library.fresnostate.edu. Archived from the original on 2018-03-15. Retrieved 2018-03-14.
- ^ "FESTIVAL OF EMPIRE". Advertiser. 1911-05-01. Retrieved 2023-03-19.
- ^ Wallace, Adam. "LibGuides: World's Fair Collection: Alphabetical List of World's Fairs by City". guides.library.fresnostate.edu. Retrieved 2021-10-02.
- ^ Governor, Philippines (2005). Report of the governor general of the Philippine Islands. [1912].
- ^ a b c d e f g h i j k l m n o p q Findling, John E.; Pelle, Kimberley D., eds. (2008). "Appendix D: Fairs Not Included". Encyclopedia of World's Fairs and Expositions. Jefferson, NC: McFarland & Company, Inc. p. 427. ISBN 978-0-7864-3416-9.
- ^ Findling, John E.; Pelle, Kimberley D., eds. (2008). "Appendix E: Fairs That Never Were". Encyclopedia of World's Fairs and Expositions. Jefferson, NC: McFarland & Company, Inc. p. 429. ISBN 978-0-7864-3416-9.
- ^ Tentoonstelling De Vrouw 1813–1913 (PDF). 1913.
- ^ Simmons, Morgan (2013). "Knoxville to honor historic conservation expo of 1913". www.knoxnews.com. Retrieved 2023-03-19.
- ^ Maciuika, John V. (2005-03-01). "Werkbundpolitik and Weltpolitik: The German State's Interest in Global Commerce and "Good Design," 1912–1914"". German Politics and Society. 23 (1): 102–127. doi:10.3167/104503005780889147. ISSN 1045-0300.
- ^ "International exhibition became known as a city". Bristol Post. 2013-07-09. Archived from the original on 2014-02-01. Retrieved 2014-01-28.
- ^ "Hawera Chamber of Commerce". Hawera & Normanby Star. Vol. 65. New Zealand. 9 December 1913. p. 2. Archived from the original on 24 March 2014. Retrieved 2014-01-28.
- ^ Brand, Ken (2012-12-22). "Anniversaries". Thoroton Society of Nottinghamshire. Archived from the original on 2014-02-02. Retrieved 2014-01-28.
- ^ "Nikolai Astrup – Jubilæumsutstillingen [1]". Nikolai Astrup. Retrieved 2022-05-06.
- ^ O'Connell, Frank A. (1914). National Star-Spangled Banner Centennial. National Star-Spangled Banner Centennial Commission. Archived from the original on 2012-11-13. Retrieved 2012-08-22.
- ^ Ballard, John H. (1915). Lincoln jubilee album : 50th anniversary of our emancipation, held in Chicago August 22d to September 16th, 1915. Lincoln Financial Foundation Collection. Chicago : [J.H. Ballard].
- ^ "The British and Intercolonial Exhibition, Hokitika, Westland, New Zealand, December 15th, 1923 to February 2nd, 1924 : to celebrate the opening of the East and West Coast railway, to commemorate the diamond jubilee of the Province of Westland, 1864–1924. – Version details – Trove". Retrieved 16 June 2020.
- ^ Nadelhoffer, Hans (2007-10-18). Cartier. Chronicle Books. p. 186. ISBN 978-0-8118-6099-4.
- ^ a b c d e f g h i j k l m n o p q r s t u v w x y z aa ab ac Pelle, Findling, ed. (2008). "Appendix B:Fair Statistics". Encyclopedia of World's Fairs and Expositions. McFarland & Company, Inc. p. 416. ISBN 978-0-7864-3416-9.
- ^ a b c d e f g h i j k l m n Golan, Romy, THE WORLD FAIR A TRANSMEDIAL THEATER, p. 173
- ^ "Semiotics and the Levant Fairs of Palestine" (PDF). Archived from the original (PDF) on August 15, 2013. Retrieved July 8, 2013.
- ^ "Taiwan's Most Prominent Exposition". Retrieved 8 March 2019.
- ^ a b c d e f g h i j k l m n o p q r s t u v w x y "International EXPOs". Archived from the original on 2014-03-26. Retrieved 2014-01-31.
- ^ "Opening of Levant Fair". Library of Congress. Retrieved 26 October 2022.
- ^ "Lexicon – Empire Exhibition". Archived from the original on December 14, 2013. Retrieved December 5, 2013.
- ^ "GREAT LAKES EXPOSITION". Encyclopedia of Cleveland History | Case Western Reserve University. 2022-02-04. Retrieved 2023-02-14.
- ^ a b c d Pelle, Findling, ed. (2008). "Appendix E:Fairs That Never Were". Encyclopedia of World's Fairs and Expositions. McFarland & Company, Inc. p. 430. ISBN 978-0-7864-3416-9.
- ^ "Historiske foto – Arkivverkets digitale fotoarkiv" (in Norwegian). Retrieved 11 January 2020.
- ^ "Lille 1951". Retrieved 28 August 2012.
- ^ "TimesMachine: Sunday December 14, 1952 - NYTimes.com". Timesmachine.nytimes.com. Retrieved 2022-08-05.
- ^ "Remembering the Forgotten 1953 Manila World's Fair".
- ^ Archived at Ghostarchive and the Wayback Machine: "Philippines International fair 1953". YouTube.
- ^ "Looking back at the 1953 International Fair | Philstar.com". The Philippine STAR.
- ^ a b c "The World Expo in Italy". Archived from the original on 8 March 2013. Retrieved 3 February 2013.
- ^ "Document Details | Helsingborg 1955". Archived from the original on 14 April 2013. Retrieved 4 October 2012.
- ^ "1957 berlin". www.bie-paris.org. Retrieved 2023-02-14.
- ^ "Remarks at the Opening of the World Agriculture Fair in New Delhi". The American Presidency Project. Retrieved 2023-02-14.
- ^ "Утереть нос американцам: как Хрущев создавал ВДНХ". Газета.Ru (in Russian). Retrieved 2023-02-14.
- ^ "Exposition International du Travail – Turin 1961" (in French). Retrieved 17 July 2012.[dead link]
- ^ "MUNICH, GERMANY 1965 IVA 1965 International Exhibition of Transport and Communication Internationale Verkehrausstellung". JDP Econ. Retrieved 22 July 2021.
- ^ "Expo 1971 Budapest". Bureau International des Expositions.
- ^ "1981 Plovdiv". www.bie-paris.org. Retrieved 2023-02-14.
- ^ "1985 Plovdiv". www.bie-paris.org. Retrieved 2023-02-14.
- ^ "PLOVDIV 91". Archived from the original on 8 June 2012. Retrieved 22 December 2011.
- ^ a b c Pelle, Findling, ed. (2008). "Appendix E:Fairs That Never Were". Encyclopedia of World's Fairs and Expositions. McFarland & Company, Inc. p. 433. ISBN 978-0-7864-3416-9.
- ^ a b Pelle, Findling, ed. (2008). "Appendix B:Fair Statistics". Encyclopedia of World's Fairs and Expositions. McFarland & Company, Inc. p. 417. ISBN 978-0-7864-3416-9.
- ^ "RP WINS BID TO HOST WORLD EXPO 2002". Archived from the original on 5 February 2012. Retrieved 14 March 2012.
- ^ a b Pelle, Findling, ed. (2008). "Appendix E:Fairs That Never Were". Encyclopedia of World's Fairs and Expositions. McFarland & Company, Inc. p. 434. ISBN 978-0-7864-3416-9.
- ^ "Forum & Conference – The long-lasting effects of ephemeral events: the role of the international exposition". Archived from the original on 2 October 2018. Retrieved 24 May 2012.
- ^ Heller (2008). "Aichi 2005". In Pelle, Findling (ed.). Encyclopedia of World's Fairs and Expositions. McFarland & Company, Inc. p. 399. ISBN 978-0-7864-3416-9.
- ^ Bureau of International Expositions (2008). "Aichi 2005". In Pelle, Findling (ed.). Encyclopedia of World's Fairs and Expositions. McFarland & Company, Inc. p. 405. ISBN 978-0-7864-3416-9.
- ^ "Yeosu 2012". Archived from the original on 9 May 2012. Retrieved 28 April 2012.
- ^ "Expo 2020 Dubai, First World Expo in the Middle East". Archived from the original on December 2, 2013. Retrieved December 1, 2013.
- ^ "The UAE has been elected As the Host Country of the World Expo 2020". Archived from the original on 2 December 2013. Retrieved 27 November 2013.
- ^ "Argentina elected host country of Specialised Expo 2023". Archived from the original on 16 November 2017. Retrieved 15 November 2017.
- ^ "World Expo 2025". Archived from the original on 23 March 2019. Retrieved 20 December 2018.
- ^ "Russia applies to organise World Expo 2030 in Moscow".
