Cultural depictions of Joan of Arc
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Joan of Arc (Jeanne d'Arc in French) has inspired artistic and cultural works for nearly six centuries. The following lists cover various media to include items of historic interest, enduring works of high art, and recent representations in popular culture. The entries represent portrayals that a reader has a reasonable chance of encountering rather than a complete catalog. Lesser known works, particularly from early periods, are not included. In this article, many of the excluded items are derivative of better known representations. For instance, Friedrich Schiller's 1801 play The Maid of Orleans inspired at least 82 different dramatic works during the nineteenth century, and Verdi's and Tchaikovsky's operatic adaptations are still recorded and performed. Most of the others survive only in research libraries.[1] As another example, in 1894, Émile Huet listed over 400 plays and musical works about Joan of Arc. Despite a great deal of scholarly interest in Joan of Arc, no complete list of artistic works about her exists, although a 1989 doctoral dissertation did identify all relevant films including ones for which no copy survives.[1][2]
Portrayals of Joan of Arc are numerous. For example, in 1979 the Bibliothèque Municipale in Rouen, France displayed a gallery containing over 500 images and other items related to Joan of Arc.[3] The story of Joan of Arc was a popular subject for dramatization in the 1940s. In addition to Maxwell Anderson's play Joan of Lorraine and the Ingrid Bergman film Joan of Arc, there was also the 1948 RKO film The Miracle of the Bells starring Fred MacMurray, Alida Valli, and Frank Sinatra, about a dying film actress whose first and last role is Joan of Arc. There were also three radio dramatizations of the story of Joan during those years, one of them specifically written with a World War II framework.
Literature and theatre
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Personal Recollections of Joan of Arc by Mark Twain, 1896 novel
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Saint Joan by George Bernard Shaw, 1923 play
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Lachmi Bai, the Joan of Arc of India, by 'Michael White. Lachmi Bai, the Rani of Jhansi, a major leader of the Indian Rebellion of 1857, was like Joan of Arc a courageous warrior woman, admired as a heroine after her death.
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Lalla Fatma N'Soumer, the Kabile woman who led a prolonged resistance to the French conquest of Algeria, was respected and honored by her French foes as "The Alegerian Jeanne d'Arc" or "La Jeanne d'Arc du Djurdjura". Like Joan of Arc, Lalla Fatma N'Soumer was a notable religious leader as well as a political and military one. (Here shown in a famous painting by Henri Félix Emmanuel Philippoteaux).
Date | Title | Author | Notes |
---|---|---|---|
1429 | "Chanson en l'honneur de Jeanne d'Arc" | Christine de Pizan | An elegiac poem written during Joan's lifetime. The author's final work. English translation available: [4]. |
1435 | Histoire du Siège d'Orléans | Anonymous (possibly Jacques Millet) | First performed in Orléans four years after Joan's death. The surviving version appears to be a revision from circa 1450. God and several saints play major roles in this sprawling drama with more than 100 speaking parts. |
after 1435 | Ballade | François Villon | Part of Le Testament, Villon calls Joan "the good (woman from) Lorraine whom the English burned in Rouen". |
1590 | Henry VI, Part 1 | William Shakespeare | Drawn from 16th century English sources, Joan begins with the appearance of piety but soon proves to be a cunning witch justly executed. Project Gutenberg text: [5]. |
1756 | La Pucelle des Oranges | Voltaire | A mock epic poem that explores typically Voltairean themes deriding mysticism as humbug. Wikisource text (in French): [6] |
1796 | Joan of Arc | Robert Southey | An epic poem |
1801 | Die Jungfrau von Orleans | Friedrich Schiller | In literary rebuttal to Voltaire, Schiller creates a sympathetic Joan as a Romantic heroine. A magic helmet renders her invincible until she falls in love, and is killed in battle rather than being burned at the stake. This drama was the basis of Tchaikovsky's opera of the same name. Project Gutenberg text in English: [7]. |
1817 | Histoire de Jeanne d'Arc Tome1 Tome2 Tome3 Tome4 | Philippe-Alexandre Le Brun de Charmettes | Drawn from her own declarations, 144 depositions of witnesses, and manuscripts of the library of the King and the Tower of London. |
1819 | L'Orléanide: Poème National en Vingt-Huit Chants | Philippe-Alexandre Le Brun de Charmettes | Epic poem based on his Histoire de Jeanne d'Arc[2] |
1821 | The Destiny of Nations | Samuel Taylor Coleridge | Initially part of Robert Southey's Joan of Arc |
1849 | "Couteau de Executioner ou Jéanne d'Arc: Un conte de l'Inquisition" | Eugène Sue | From serial novel Les Mystères du Peuple. Translated into English as The Executioner's Knife or Joan of Arc: A Tale of the Inquisition by Daniel De Leon (1910) |
1894 | La Mission de Jeanne d'Arc | Thérèse of Lisieux | The first of two 'pious recreations' written by the Saint; "small theatrical pieces performed by a few nuns for the rest of the community, on the occasion of certain feast days." Performed at the Carmel on 21 January 1894, it featured Thérèse in the title role. The script, which focuses more heavily upon Joan's interaction with her visions, has since been widely circulated with Saint Thérèse's writings, as has that of its sequel. |
1895 | Jeanne d'Arc Accomplit Sa Mission | Thérèse of Lisieux | Sequel to La Mission de Jeanne d'Arc, this was performed exactly one year later, 21 January 1895. Again featuring Thérèse as Joan, its focus is upon her martyrdom. In the estimation of Thérèse's biographer, Ida Görres, the two plays "are scarcely veiled self-portraits." |
1896 | Personal Recollections of Joan of Arc | Mark Twain | This work is little remembered yet in Mark Twain's own opinion was his finest work. Twain spent months in France researching newly rediscovered documents and years of research overall. This reverent fictional biography is Twain's most uncharacteristic novel. Project Gutenberg text: Vol. 1 and Vol. 2. He published it under a different pseudonym: Jean François Alden. |
1896 | Jeanne d'Arc | Charles Péguy | Play chronicling Joan's life |
1910 | Jéanne d'Arc, Médium | Léon Denis | Translated into English as The Mystery of Joan of Arc by Arthur Conan Doyle (1924) |
1912 | Tapisserie de Sainte Geneviève et Jeanne d'Arc | Charles Péguy | Poem about Joan and Saint Geneviève |
1923 | Gilles und Johanna | Georg Kaiser | Expressionist drama explores Joan's relationship with her general Gilles de Rais, who would become one of the most-notorious criminals in French history |
1923 | Saint Joan | George Bernard Shaw | This drama, widely esteemed as Shaw's masterpiece, draws heavily from trial records. Historians dismiss Shaw's contention that she was an early Protestant with impartial judges. Subsequent twentieth century plays often mirror Shaw's interest in her trial. ISBN 0-14-043791-6 |
1930 | Saint Joan of the Stockyards | Bertolt Brecht | Transposes Joan to working-class Chicago and portrays her as a labor leader. 1st of his 3 plays on Joan. ISBN 1-55970-420-9 |
1935 | A Vida de Joana D'Arc | Érico Veríssimo | A Brazilian historical novel addressed to young people. |
1937 | Der Prozeß der Johanna von Arc zu Rouen | Anna Seghers | In German. Radio play based on the trial records. |
1942 | The Visions of Simone Machard | Bertolt Brecht and Lion Feuchtwanger | A girl imagines herself as Joan during World War II while in a dream. Second of his 3 plays on Joan. |
1943 | The Fountainhead | Ayn Rand | Rand's original manuscript of The Fountainhead included a major character named Vesta Dunning, a talented young actress whose greatest dream is to play Joan of Arc on the stage. In one scene, Dunning is shown rehearsing a long monologue by Joan of Arc ("If you but follow me, we'll lift together the siege of Orleans and win freedom!"). However, Rand - pressured by her publisher to shorten the book - entirely dropped this character from the final published text. The deleted parts, including the Joan of Arc monologue, were published after Rand's death by Leonard Peikoff.[3] |
1946 | Joan of Lorraine | Maxwell Anderson | This play-within-a-play is chiefly memorable for Ingrid Bergman's Tony-winning performance. ASIN B0006YOM36 |
1952 | The Trial of Joan of Arc of Proven, 1431 | Bertolt Brecht and Benno Besson | Adaptation of Anna Seghers's Der Prozeß der Johanna von Arc zu Rouen |
1953 | L'Alouette | Jean Anouilh | An allegory of Vichy collaboration in the aftermath of World War II. Lillian Hellman's noteworthy English translation adds a critique of McCarthyism and included a score by Leonard Bernstein. ISBN 0-8222-0634-X |
1955 | Seraphic Dialogue | Martha Graham | Modern-dance work in one act with choreography by Graham, music by Norman Dello Joio, set by Isamu Noguchi, costumes by Graham, and lighting by Jean Rosenthal. It was originally choreographed as a solo (same music, 1950) under Triumph of St Joan. In this revised version, Joan looks back over her life in a series of danced dialogues with her guiding spirit, St Michael, and with three figures who represent different aspects of her nature: maid, warrior, and martyr. At the work's close, the transfigured Joan takes her place among the saints. [8] |
1956 | De Jungfrur av Orleans | Sven Stolpe | Novel written as Joan telling the reader about her life story. |
1961 | Die Sendung des Mädchens Jeanne d'Arc | M.J. Krück von Poturzyn | Romanticized novel about the life of Joan of Arc. |
1964 | The Dead Lady of Clown Town | Cordwainer Smith | A far-future science fiction story with strong parallels to the history of Joan of Arc. |
1968 | The Image of the Beast | Philip José Farmer | Joan of Arc is portrayed as an alien sexual predator, still alive in the 20th century but with her body altered to enable the also-alien 15th-century serial killer Gilles de Rais to live within her vagina dentata as a fang-toothed venomous snake that bites and paralyses men during intercourse. |
1972 | "Jeanne d'Arc" | Patti Smith | Poem. From Seventh Heaven. |
1974 | Blood Red, Sister Rose | Thomas Keneally | The novel explores the imagined psychology of Joan and tells her story from Domrémy to the coronation of Charles VII. Significant secondary characters include Charles and Gilles de Rais. The novel enters into the minds of Joan and Charles but not of Gilles. A notable feature of the book is the conversations of Joan with her voices. ISBN 0-00-221087-8 |
1975 | The Banner of Joan | H. Warner Munn | Book-length poem about Joan's life.[4] |
1981 | Joan of Arc: The Image of Female Heroism | Marina Warner | (University of California Press, 1981 ISBN 0-520-22464-7) The work is not so much a biography as a book about Joan of Arc or, more precisely, how she has been perceived by others over the centuries and how that perception has shaped her image. |
1993 | The Second Coming of Joan of Arc | Carolyn Gage | A one woman-lesbian play. Joan returns to share her story with contemporary women. She tells her experiences with the highest levels of church, state, and military, portraying male institutions as brutal and misogynistic. ISBN 0-939821-06-0 |
1997 | An Army of Angels | Pamela Marcantel | A novel which depicts Joan of Arc according to the author's conception of her personality. ISBN 0-312-18042-X |
1999 | Jeanne d'Arc | Michel Peyramaure | A novel in two parts (in French). ISBN 2-221-08922-7, 2-221-08923-5. |
2003 | Monstrous Regiment | Terry Pratchett | Part of the Discworld series, a fictional character styled after Joan of Arc dresses as a man to lead an army. ISBN 0-06-001316-8 |
2005 | La Hire: Ou la Colère de Jéanne | Régine Deforges | Joan's story from the perspective of military commander La Hire ISBN 2-213-62497-6 |
2006 | Rogue Angel Series | Alex Archer | A series of action/adventure novels, the main character of which is the successor to Joan of Arc. |
2006 | Johanna | Felicitas Hoppe | Postmodern novel rejecting any endeavor to fictionalize Joan of Arc. ISBN 978-3-596-16743-2 |
2008 | The Magician: The Secrets of the Immortal Nicholas Flamel | Michael Scott | Fantasy novel in which Joan of Arc features prominently. She is an immortal living in modern-day Paris. It is explained that she was rescued from her execution by the warrior Scathach. |
2012 | Sparrow: The True Story of Joan of Arc | Michael Morpurgo | Historical novel about Joan for children.[5] |
2013 | Fate/Apocrypha | Yuichiro Higashide | Part of the Fate franchise. Joan is summoned as a Ruler-class Servant to oversee the Great Holy Grail War, in which two teams consisting of seven Servants battle for control of the Holy Grail. |
2022 | I, Joan | Charlie Josephine | Debut at the Shakespeare's Globe Theatre. Portrays Joan as trans and non-binary, as a central theme of the plot. Both the playwright (Charlie Josephine), and the actor playing Joan (Isobel Thom) also identify as non-binary. |
2022 | The Genesis of Misery | Neon Yang | Neon Yang's novel is a retelling of the story of Joan of Arc as a mecha space opera. It is the first in a planned trilogy. |
2023 | Born to Do This: The Joan of Arc Rock Opera[6] | Zoe Bradford | Debut at The Company Theatre in Norwell, Massachusetts.[7] A sung-through, contemporary rock opera based on Jeanne D'Arc's life and death. |
Operas, oratorios, and vocal works
Date | Title | Composer | Genre | Notes |
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1789 | Giovanna d'Arco | Gaetano Andreozzi | opera | Libretto by Antonio Simeone Sografi. Premiere at the Teatro Nuovo Eretenio in Vicenza on 27 June 1789. |
1790 | Jeanne d'Arc à Orléans | Rodolphe Kreutzer | opéra comique | Libretto by Pierre Jean Baptiste Choudard Desforges. Premiered at the Comédie-Italienne on 10 May 1790. |
1821 | Giovanna d'Arco | Salvatore Viganò | ballet | Plot influenced by Die Jungfrau von Orleans by Schiller. Premiered at La Scala on 3 March 1821. |
1821 | Jeanne d'Arc à Orléans | Michele Carafa | opéra comique | Libretto by Emmanuel Théaulon and Armand Dartois, after Schiller. Premiere at Théâtre Feydeau on 10 March 1821. |
1825 | Giovanna d'Arco | Giuseppe Nicolini | opera | Libretto by Apostolo Zeno. Premiered at Teatro Regio on 22 January 1825. |
1827 | Giovanna d'Arco | Nicola Vaccai | opera | Libretto by Gaetano Rossi. Premiered at La Fenice on 17 February 1827. |
1830 | Giovanna d'Arco | Giovanni Pacini | opera | Libretto by Gaetano Barbieri, after Schiller. Premiered at La Scala on 14 March 1830. |
1832 | Giovanna d'Arco | Gioachino Rossini | cantata | Anonymous text set for contralto and piano. Orchestral version by Salvatore Sciarrino. |
1837 | Joan of Arc | Michael William Balfe | opera | Premiered at Drury Lane on 30 November 1837 |
1845 | Giovanna d'Arco | Giuseppe Verdi | opera | Libretto by Temistocle Solera, after Schiller. Premiered at La Scala on 15 February 1845. |
1865 | Jeanne d'Arc | Gilbert Duprez | opera | Libretto by Joseph Méry, after Schiller. Premiered at Salle Le Peletier on 24 October 1865. |
1873–1877 | Jeanne d'Arc | Text by Jules Barbier; music by Charles Gounod. | drama | Incidental music for Barbier's play |
1878 | The Maid of Orleans | Pyotr Ilyich Tchaikovsky | opera | Plot influenced by Schiller. |
1913 | Giovanna d'Arco | Marco Enrico Bossi | oratorio | Libretto by Luigi Orsini, after Schiller. |
1921 | Giovanna d'Arco | Alberto Pestalozza | Marionette opera | Libretto by Pestalozza, after Schiller. Premiered in Turin on 17 September 1921 |
1939 | Jeanne d'Arc au Bûcher | Text by Paul Claudel; music by Arthur Honegger | dramatic oratorio | Ends with the Inquisition accusing Joan's judges of heresy. Marion Cotillard played Joan in 2005, 2012, and 2015. |
1943 | Szenen aus dem Leben der Heiligen Johanna | Music and libretto by Walter Braunfels | Opera | Based on the actual documents of Joan's trial. Was not performed until 2001. |
1950 | The Triumph of St. Joan | Norman Dello Joio | Opera | Adapted by Joio into an opera for television (1956), a one-act opera (1959), and a symphony (1951). |
1953 | Ballade des Dames du temps jadis | Musical adaptation by Georges Brassens of a poem by François Villon | Art song | Brassens set a number of poems to music, and often performed them himself. |
1956 | Le triomphe de Jeanne | Henri Tomasi | opera-oratorio | Libretto by Tomasi and Philippe Soupault, after Schiller. Premiered at the Théâtre-Cirque in Rouen on 23 June 1956. |
1966 | Choruses from The Lark by Jean Anouilh | music by Leonard Bernstein | choral pieces | Incidental score for a production of the play in an adaptation by Lillian Hellman. |
1971 | The Survival of St. Joan | Text by James Lineberger; music by Hank Ruffin, and Gary Ruffin | rock opera | Based on a legend of Joan escaping her execution, and being kept in the home of a shepherd. |
1976 | Das Mädchen aus Domrémy | Music and libretto by Giselher and Lore Klebe | opera | Based on Die Jungfrau von Orleans. Premiered at the Staatsoper Stuttgart on 19 June 1976. |
1989 | Mistero e processo di Giovanna d'Arco | Roberto De Simone | Melodrama | Libretto by De Simone, after Schiller. Premiered at Teatro Verdi in Pisa on 26 October 1989. |
1994 | Voices of Light | Richard Einhorn | choral orchestral work | Inspired by The Passion of Joan of Arc; uses sacred texts by Hildegard of Bingen. |
1997 | Jeanne: The Joan of Arc Musical | text by Vincent de Tourdonnet; music by Peter Sipos | musical theatre | Based on historical research. Translated into French by Antonine Maillet. Renamed Jeanne la Pucelle. |
2017 | Joan of Arc: Into the Fire | David Byrne | rock opera | Joan is re-imagined, in Byrne's words, as "a religious maniac who raised an army to kill people".[8][9] |
Images
Date | Title | Artist | Location | Notes | Image |
10 May 1429 | Clément de Fauquembergue | Sketch in the margin of the register of the Parlement of Paris by Clément de Fauquembergue, 1429, drawn on the day that news arrived in Paris of the French victory at Orléans. Though Fauquembergue never saw her in person, this is the only extant depiction from her lifetime (apart from her possible likeness of the head of Saint-Maurice in Orléans). | ![]() | ||
c. 1450 | "Joan of Arc compared to Judith", miniature in an illustrated manuscript of Le Champion des Dames by Martin le Franc. Joan of Arc is shown standing next Judith beheading Holofernes. | ![]() | |||
c. 1450–1500 | Miniature portrait (Centre Historique des Archives Nationales, Paris, AE II 2490, dated to the second half of the 15th century). | ![]() | |||
c. 1460 | Chronique de Charles VII | Jean Chartier | Miniature portrait in an illustrated manuscript, similar portrayal to Le Champion des Dames. | ||
1493 | Jeanne Hunts Prostitutes in the Army | Martial d'Auvergne | Miniature from Vigiles du roi Charles VII à neuf psaumes et neuf leçons | ![]() | |
1493 | Siege of Orléans | Martial d'Auvergne | Miniature from Vigiles du roi Charles VII à neuf psaumes et neuf leçons | ![]() | |
1493 | Joan of Arc and Charles VII, King of France | Martial d'Auvergne | Miniature from Vigiles du roi Charles VII à neuf psaumes et neuf leçons | ![]() | |
1493 | The Citizens of Troyes Hand Over City Keys to the Dauphin and Joan of Arc | Martial d'Auvergne | Miniature from Vigiles du roi Charles VII à neuf psaumes et neuf leçons | ![]() | |
1493 | The Assault on Paris | Martial d'Auvergne | Miniature from Vigiles du roi Charles VII à neuf psaumes et neuf leçons | ![]() | |
1493 | Jeanne is Driven in Front of Her Judges | Martial d'Auvergne | Miniature from Vigiles du roi Charles VII à neuf psaumes et neuf leçons | ![]() | |
1493 | Jeanne Being Tied Up | Martial d'Auvergne | Miniature from Vigiles du roi Charles VII à neuf psaumes et neuf leçons | ![]() | |
late 15th century | untitled | ? | Hermitage of Notre-Dame de Bermont, France | Fresco of two young women: one a peasant girl at prayer, the other dressed in male attire: possible depictions of Joan of Arc rediscovered underneath a later work. Joan of Arc was known to pray often at the site. | ![]() |
late 15th century | Joan of Arc | ? | Hermitage of Notre-Dame de Bermont, France | The young girl is kneeling, doubtless in a chateau, because the ground is not the beaten earth of the houses of the era but a green and black tile-flooring. She is dressed in grey, with high hose, an attire of a man. Thence to think that it has to do with the departure from Vaucouleurs or arrival at Chinon, there is not but to take a step; to prove it is another thing. | ![]() |
c. 1500 | "helmeted head of a statue" | Musée Historique et Archeologique, Orléans | The head of a statue, discovered in 1820 in the ruins of the Church of Saint-Maurice, Orléans, long considered to have been modelled after the likeness of Joan of Arc.[10] | ![]() | |
1505 | Joan of Arc on horseback | Jean Pichore | Musée Dobrée | Illustration from Les Vies des femmes célèbres de Antoine Du Four (1504-1506) | ![]() |
1557 | Portrait of the Town Council of Orléans | ? | Joan of Arc wears a robe with slashed sleeves and a plume (symbolic of victory in war) and holds a sword. This became a model for many later portraits. | ||
1620 | Joan of Arc at Prayer | Peter Paul Rubens | North Carolina Museum of Art, Raleigh, North Carolina | ![]() | |
1819 | Jeanne d'Arc prisonnière à Rouen (Jeanne d'Arc prisoner to Rouen) | Pierre Révoil | Musée des Beaux-Arts de Rouen | oil on canvas, 137 cm (53.9 in) x 174.5 cm (68.7 in). | ![]() |
1824 | Jeanne d'Arc interrogated in prison by the cardinal of Winchester | Paul Delaroche | Musée des Beaux-Arts, Rouen | oil on canvas 277 x 217 cm | ![]() |
1830 | The Painter's Studio | Josef Danhauser | Museum of Fine Arts, Budapest | ![]() | |
1833 | Jeanne d'Arc, in the presence of Charles VII, answers questions from churchmen about her visions and revelations | Gillot Saint-Èvre | Louvre, Paris | 170 x 140 cm | |
1833 | Jeanne d'Arc in prison | Gillot Saint-Èvre | private collection | oil on canvas, 119 x 109 cm | ![]() |
1835 | The Arrest of Jeanne d'Arc | Adèle Martin | private collection | oil on canvas, 112 x 85 cm | ![]() |
before 1843 | Jeanne d'Arc | Raymond Monvoisin | Collection of the Palacio Vergara de Viña del Mar | oil on canvas, 142 × 101 cm (55.9 × 39.8 in) | ![]() |
1843 | "Joan of Arc, On finding in the church of St Catherine de Frébus the sword she dreamt of, devotes herself & it to the service of God & her country" | William Etty | Llantarnam Abbey, Cwmbran, South Wales, U.K.[11] | Left hand panel of triptych | [12] |
1843 | Jeanne d'Arc à la sortie d'Orléans, repoussant les Anglais [Joan of Arc at the exit of Orléans, repelling the English] ' |
William Etty | Musée des Beaux-Arts d'Orléans | Central panel of triptych | ![]() |
1843 | "Joan of Arc, after rendering the most signal services to her Prince and people, is suffered to die a martyr in their cause" | William Etty | Unknown | Sketch of Right hand Panel of triptych Showing martyrdom of Joan of Arc from C.W.Wass engraving | ![]() |
1843 | "Joan of Arc, after rendering the most signal services to her Prince and people, is suffered to die a martyr in their cause" | William Etty | Unknown | Penny Illustrated News Sketch of Right hand Panel of triptych Showing martyrdom of Joan of Arc from C.W.Wass engraving | ![]() |
1843 | Auftreten von Heiliges Catherine und Michael zu Johanna von Arc | Hermann Anton Stilke | Hermitage Museum, Saint Petersburg | oil on canvas, 119.5 × 83.5 cm (47 × 32.9 in) | ![]() |
1843 | Johanna von Arc in der Schlacht | Hermann Anton Stilke | Hermitage Museum, Saint Petersburg | oil on canvas, 135 × 146 cm (53.1 × 57.5 in) | ![]() |
1843 | Tod von Johanna von Arc auf dem Scheiterhaufen | Hermann Anton Stilke | Hermitage Museum, Saint Petersburg | oil on canvas 119.5 × 83.5 cm (47 × 32.9 in) | ![]() |
1843 | Entry of Jeanne d'Arc at Orléans, 8 May 1429 | Henry Scheffer | Palace of Versailles (Galerie des Batailles), Versailles | oil on canvas, Height: 425 cm (167.3 in). Width: 483 cm (190.2 in) | ![]() |
1847–1852 | Capturer de Jeanne d'Arc | Adolf Alexander Dillens | Hermitage Museum, Saint Petersburg | 52.5 × 72 cm (20.7 × 28.3 in) | ![]() |
1852 | Johanna von Orléans in der Schlacht | August Gustav Lasinsky | oil on canvas, 76,5 x 107,5 cm. | ![]() | |
1854 | Jeanne au Couronnement de Charles VII | Jean-Auguste-Dominique Ingres | Musée du Louvre, Paris | oil on canvas, 240 cm (94.5 in) x 178 cm (70.1 in) | ![]() |
ca. 1859 | Jeanne d'Arc écoutant ses voix (Joan of Arc listening to voices) | François-Léon Benouville | Musée des Beaux-Arts de Rouen | ![]() | |
ca. 1860 | Jeanne d'Arc au siège de Paris (Joan of Arc at the Siege of Paris) | Jozef Van Lerius | Private collection | oil on panel, 108.8 × 179 cm (46 ¾ x 70 ½ in) | ![]() |
1863 | Joan of Arc Kissing the Sword of Deliverance | Dante Gabriel Rossetti | Strasbourg Museum of Modern and Contemporary Art, Strasbourg | oil on canvas, 61.2 × 53.2 cm (24.1 × 20.9 in) | |
1864 | Jeanne d'Arc Prisoner of the English | Stanisław Chlebowski | Musée Barrois (Bar-le-Duc), France | ![]() | |
1864 | Joan of Arc | Dante Gabriel Rossetti | private collection | watercolor and bodycolour over pencil, 31 × 30 cm (12.2 × 11.8 in) | ![]() |
1865 | Joan of Arc at Prayer | John Everett Millais | Private collection | ![]() | |
1876 | Jeanne d'Arc écoutant les voix (Joan of Arc's awe upon receiving a vision from the Archangel Michael) | Eugène Thirion | Ville de Chatou, église Notre-Dame | oil on canvas | ![]() |
1879 | Jeanne d'Arc | Jules Bastien-Lepage | Metropolitan Museum of Art, New York City | oil on canvas 100" x 110" | |
1880 | Joan Captured by the Burgundians at Compiègne | Giraudon | Panthéon, Paris | mural | |
1884 | Joan of Arc Listening for the First Time to the Voices That Predict Her Prominent Fate | Pedro Américo | Museu Nacional de Belas Artes, Rio de Janeiro | oil on canvas, 229 × 156 cm (90.2 × 61.4 in) | ![]() |
1886 | The Maid of Orleans, entrance of Joan of Arc into Reims in 1429 | Jan Matejko | National Museum in Kraków | ![]() | |
1887 | Entree de Jeanne d'Arc à Orléans | Jean-Jacques Scherrer | Musée Jeanne-d'Arc, Rouen | ![]() | |
1889 | Joan of Arc, or Breton girl spinning | Paul Gauguin | Van Gogh Museum, Amsterdam | Fresco in wooden support, 134 × 62.9 cm (52.8 × 24.8 in) | ![]() |
1880–1890 | Jeanne d'Arc hears her voices | Eugène Carrière | Musée d'Orsay, Paris | ||
1886–1890 | Jeanne d'Arc, Bergère | Jules Eugène Lenepveu | Panthéon, Paris | ![]() | |
1886–1890 | Jeanne d'Arc in armor before Orléans | Jules Eugène Lenepveu | Panthéon, Paris | ![]() | |
1886–1890 | Jeanne d'Arc in Rheims at the time of king Charles VII's coronation | Jules Eugène Lenepveu | Panthéon, Paris | ![]() | |
1886–1890 | Jeanne at the stake | Jules Eugène Lenepveu | Panthéon, Paris | ![]() | |
1895 | Sleeping Joan of Arc | George W. Joy | ![]() | ||
1896 | L'histoire de Jeanne d'Arc | Louis-Maurice Boutet de Monvel | illustrations for his L'histoire de Jeanne d'Arc[13] | ||
19th century | Jeanne d'Arc + 1431 | ? | Musée Louis-Philippe, Eu, Seine-Maritime | oil on canvas, 124.5 × 89 cm (49 × 35 in) | ![]() |
ca. 19th century | "Joan of Arc Burning at the Stake" | Frédéric Théodore Lix (1830–1897) | ![]() | ||
ca. 19th/20th century | Jeanne d´Arc | François Chifflart | Oil on canvas, 75 x 60 cm. | ![]() | |
late 19th century | Joan of Arc Kneeling Before an Angel | Henryk Siemiradzki | ![]() | ||
ca. 1901 | Jeanne d'Arc | François Chifflart | Oil on canvas, 73 x 60 cm. | ![]() | |
1903 | Jeanne d'Arc | Albert Lynch | engraving from Figaro Illustre magazine | ![]() | |
1907 | Joan of Arc in Battle | Frank Craig | ![]() | ||
1909 | Sainte Jeanne d'Arc | Paul de La Boulaye | oil on canvas | ![]() | |
1909 | Maude Adams as Joan of Arc | Alphonse Mucha | ![]() | ||
before 1911 | Joan of Arc in Prison | Howard Pyle | private collection | oil on canvas | ![]() |
1912 | Portrait of Joan of Arc | Andrew C.P. Haggard | ![]() | ||
1912 | Jeanne d'Arc | Roger de La Fresnaye | Musée d'art moderne de Troyes, Troyes | ![]() | |
1918 | Joan of Arc | Frank Schoonover | illustrations for the Lucy Foster Madison book Joan of Arc | ||
? (19th century) | The departure of Jeanne d'Arc | Jean-Jacques Scherrer | Musée Jeanne-d'Arc, Vaucouleurs | oil on canvas 430 x 320 cm | ![]() |
? | St. Joan | John William Waterhouse (1849–1917) | private collection | oil on canvas, 48 × 55 cm (18.9 × 21.7 in) | ![]() |
? | Joan of Arc | Charles-Amable Lenoir (1860–1926) | private collection | ![]() | |
? | Jeanne d'Arc | Gaston Bussière | ![]() | ||
? | Joan of Arc | Gari Melchers (1860–1932) | Indianapolis Museum of Art, Indianapolis | oil on canvas, 30 × 23 in (76.2 × 58.4 cm) | ![]() |
before 1933 | Joan of Arc | Annie Swynnerton | ![]() | ||
c. 1897 | Joan of Arc | Harold H. Piffard | Public collection | oil on canvas, 91.5 × 72.2 cm (36 × 28.4 in) | ![]() |
c. 1900 | Joan of Arc | William Blake Richmond | Private collection | oil on canvas, 99.1 × 80.6 cm (36 × 28.4 in) | ![]() |
1999 | Jehanne 1429 | Arnaud Courlet de Vregille | Encyclopédie des Arts en Franche-Comté, Jacques Rittaud-Hutinet, 2004 | Acrylic and pastel, 60 x 40 | |
2001 | Joan of Arc[14] | Donato Giancola | 17" x 27" Oil on Paper | ||
2013 | Joan of Arc[15] | Donato Giancola | 24" x 42" Oil on Panel |
Sculpture
Date | Artist | Location | Notes |
---|---|---|---|
1852 | François Rude | Paris, Jardin du Luxembourg | Standing figure. |
1855 | Denis Foyatier, with bas relief pedestal by Vital Dubray | Orléans, place du Martroi | Bronze equestrian statue. |
1874 | Emmanuel Frémiet | Philadelphia, Fairmount Park | Equestrian statue. Made from a plaster mold commissioned in 1874 by Napoleon III and originally located in Paris; a copy of the Paris statue was commissioned by Philadelphia, but Frémiet sent the original, as he had replaced the Paris statue with a revised one. [9] Archived 30 May 2010 at the Wayback Machine. [10] Archived 30 May 2010 at the Wayback Machine, [11] |
1882 | Frederic Leroux | Compiègne, France | |
1889 | Paul DuBois | Reims, France | Equestrian statue. |
1891 | Marius Mercié | Domrémy-la-Pucelle, France | |
1892 | Louis-Ernest Barrias | Bonsecours, France | Standing figure in white marble and gold leaf. In 1990 the original was moved to the church basilica and its gold leaf was removed. A copy in gold leaf now occupies the site where the original once stood. |
1895 | Paul DuBois | Paris, Place St. Augustin | Equestrian Statue located in front of the Eglise St. Augustin. Copies were placed in other cities in France, such as Rheims and Strasbourg. |
1899 | Emmanuel Frémiet | Paris, Place des Pyramides | Equestrian statue. Originally commissioned in 1874 by Napoleon III; this is a revised version of the statue Frémiet made at that time. |
1900 | Prosper d'Épinay | Rheims, France | Standing figure. Donated to Reims cathedral in 1909. |
1907 | Emmanuel Frémiet | State Library of Victoria, Australia | Equestrian statue, replica of the Emmanuel Frémiet statue in Paris. |
1915 | Anna Hyatt Huntington | New York City, Riverside Park at 93rd Street | Equestrian statue. This was the first public statue in the city to be dedicated to a woman (as opposed to idealized concepts such as Liberty and Victory). Information from the New York Public Art Curriculum site: [12]. A replica of this statue can also be found in Gloucester, Massachusetts.[16] A reduced version is located at Longwood University in Farmville, Virginia.[17] |
1915 | Paul Manship | Smithsonian American Art Museum | Medal, showing an equestrian figure on the obverse and a figure at the stake on the reverse. |
After 1921 | Matane, Quebec, church of St. Joan of Arc | Standing figure. | |
1922 | Paul DuBois | Washington, D.C., Meridian Hill Park | Bronze copy of the statue by DuBois at Reims Cathedral. |
1920 | St. Louis Cathedral, New Orleans, Louisiana | Standing figure. It was donated to the cathedral by "The Sodality of Saint Joan of Arc." | |
cast 1924 | Emmanuel Frémiet | Portland, Oregon, Laurelhurst neighborhood | Equestrian statue. It was erected as a tribute to the fallen soldiers of World War I and is a replica of the Frémiet statue at Place des Pyramides in Paris. [13] |
1947 | Laval (Quebec) | Standing figure. | |
? | Lanson | Jargeau, France place du Martroy | Standing figure |
? | ? | Notre-Dame de Montréal Basilica – Montreal | Standing figure, to the left of the altar. |
1972 | Emmanuel Frémiet | Decatur Street, French Market – New Orleans, Louisiana | Equestrian statue. It was a gift from the People of France to the City of New Orleans and is a replica of the Frémiet statue at Place des Pyramides in Paris. |
? | ? | Eglise St-Pierre – Mont Saint-Michel – France | Standing figure, by the entrance to the church. |
Film and television
Date | title | country | Notes |
---|---|---|---|
1898 | Jeanne d'Arc | France | short film directed by Georges Hatot |
1900 | Jeanne d'Arc | France | short film directed by George Méliès, starring Jeanne Calvière |
1908 | Jeanne d'Arc | France | directed by Albert Capellani, starring Léontine Massart |
1908 | Giovanna d'Arco | Italy | directed by Mario Caserini starring Maria Gasperini, based on Schiller's play |
1913 | Giovanna d'Arco | Italy | directed by Ubaldo Maria Del Colle starring Maria Jacobini |
1917 | Joan the Woman | US | directed by Cecil B. DeMille, starring Geraldine Farrar; set in the trenches of World War I |
1921 | The Four Horsemen of the Apocalypse | US | "The Spirit of France" Intertitle has an image of an Equestrian statue of Joan |
1927 | Saint Joan | US | directed by Widgey R. Newman, starring Sybil Thorndike. Based on a scene from Shaw's play. |
1928 | The Passion of Joan of Arc | France | directed by Carl Theodor Dreyer, starring Renée Jeanne Falconetti. Widely regarded as one of the greatest films of the silent era; initially banned in Britain. |
1929 | The Marvelous Life of Joan of Arc | France | directed by Marco de Gastines, starring Simone Genevois |
1935 | Das Mädchen Johanna | Germany | directed by Gustav Ucicky, starring Angela Salloker |
1944 | De Jeanne d'Arc à Philippe Pétain | France | documentary narrated by Sacha Guitry |
1948 | Joan of Arc | US | directed by Victor Fleming, starring Ingrid Bergman, based on the Maxwell Anderson play |
1952 | Joan of Arc | US | Hallmark Hall of Fame television series episode |
1954 | Giovanna d'Arco al rogo | Italy | directed by Roberto Rossellini, starring Ingrid Bergman, based on the oratorio by Paul Claudel and Arthur Honegger |
1954 | Destinies | France | a film in sketches directed by Jean Delannoy, starring Michèle Morgan |
1956 | Jehanne | France | short film directed by Robert Enrico |
1957 | Saint Joan | US | directed by Otto Preminger, starring Jean Seberg, based on the George Bernard Shaw play |
1957 | The Story of Mankind | US | directed by Irwin Allen, featuring Hedy Lamarr as Joan. Based on a book by Hendrik Willem van Loon. |
1957 | The Lark | US | TV production of L'Alouette, starring Julie Harris, who played Joan on Broadway |
1958 | Saint Joan | UK | TV adaptation of Shaw's play, starring Siobhán McKenna |
1960 | Jeanne d'Arc auf dem Scheiterhaufen | Germany | movie for TV starring Margot Trooger, a version of the Honegger oratorio |
1961 | Jeanne au Vitrail | France | short film directed by Claude Antoine |
1962 | Procès de Jeanne d'Arc | France | directed by Robert Bresson, starring Florence Delay |
1962 | Histoire de Jeanne | France | short film directed by Francis Lacassin |
1966 | Der Fall Jeanne d'Arc | Germany | TV movie directed by Paul Verhoeven, starring Kathrin Schmid |
1967 | Saint Joan | United States | NBC television adaptation of Shaw's play, starring Geneviève Bujold |
1968 | St. Joan | UK | another television adaptation of Shaw's play, starring Janet Suzman |
1970 | The Beginning | USSR | directed by Gleb Panfilov, starring Inna Churikova |
1978 | Heilige Jeanne (Sacred Joan) | Netherlands | TV movie starring Rutger Hauer |
1983 | Joan of Arc | UK | with commentary by Marina Warner |
1989 | Bill & Ted's Excellent Adventure | US | Joan (Jane Wiedlin) and other historic figures are transported to San Dimas for a history project. Memorable lines include "Who was Joan of Arc?" "Noah's wife?" "Welcome aboard, Miss of Arc!" |
1989 | Giovanna d'Arco | Italy | Verdi's opera directed by Werner Herzog starring Susan Dunn, based on Schiller's play |
1990 | Jeanne d'Ark: Visjon Gjennom Eld | Norway | TV movie written by Juni Dahr |
1993 | Jeanne d'Arc au Bûcher | Japan | TV movie of the Honegger-Claudel oratorio (in French), starring Marthe Keller |
1994 | Jeanne la Pucelle | France | directed by Jacques Rivette, starring Sandrine Bonnaire |
1999 | The Messenger: The Story of Joan of Arc | France | directed by Luc Besson, starring Milla Jovovich, John Malkovich, Faye Dunaway and Dustin Hoffman |
1999 | Joan of Arc | Canada | TV mini-series starring Leelee Sobieski |
1999 | Wired Angel | US | directed by Sam Wells, music by Joe Renzetti |
2004 | Jeanne d'Arc | France | directed by Laurent Preyale |
2011 | Jeanne | Germany | directed by Shahram Varza, premiere São Paulo International Film Festival 2011 |
2017 | Jeannette: The Childhood of Joan of Arc | France | directed by Bruno Dumont |
2019 | Joan of Arc | France | directed by Bruno Dumont; sequel to Jeannette: The Childhood of Joan of Arc |
In popular culture
Advertising
- Benetton's 1988 "United Superstars of Benetton" print and billboard campaign featured two models as Joan and as Marilyn Monroe[18]
- Whoopi Goldberg played Joan in a 2010 commercial for Kimberly-Clark's Poise[19]
Culinary
Finance
- Jeanne D'Arc Credit Union (Lowell, Massachusetts).[21]
Music
Date | Title | Artist/Group | Notes |
---|---|---|---|
1917 | Joan of Arc | Henry Burr | Performed by Henry Burr on Columbia's label. |
1917 | Joan of Arc's Answer Song | J. L. Lavoy | The sheet music cover has an illustration of Joan of Arc on horseback with outstretched sword with soldiers of various nations charging underneath. |
1917 | Joan of Arc They Are Calling You | Jack Wells | The cover illustration for the sheet music to this song depicts Joan of Arc leading an attack. |
1970 | Songs of Love and Hate (album) | Leonard Cohen | Contains a song (released as a single in 1971) titled "Joan of Arc", and lyrics in the song "Last Year's Man" that refer to her: "I met a lady, she was playing with her soldiers in the dark, oh one by one she had to tell them that her name was Joan of Arc." |
1975 | "Kimberly" (song) | Patti Smith | From the album Horses, includes the lyrics, "The sea rushes up my knees like flame/ And I feel like just some misplaced Joan Of Arc." |
1978 | ''Joan'' (song) | Art Bears | A song about Joan of Arc from Hopes and Fears that was also played by Henry Cow in 1977 (a recording can be found on Later and Post Virgin).[22] |
1981 | Architecture & Morality (album) | Orchestral Manoeuvres in the Dark | Contains two songs about Joan of Arc titled "Joan of Arc" and "Joan of Arc (Maid of Orleans)", both were released as singles. |
1984 | "Eu Não Matei Joana d'Arc" (song) | Camisa de Vênus | Name of song means "I did not kill Joan of Arc". Humorous song where a man says that he never had an affair with Joan of Arc and is innocent in her death. |
1986 | "Bigmouth Strikes Again" (song) | The Smiths | Includes the lyrics, "And now I know how Joan of Arc felt, as the flames rose to her Roman nose and her Walkman started to melt", and "And now I know how Joan of Arc felt, as the flames rose to her Roman nose and her hearing aid started to melt." |
1992 | Destination (album) | Eloy | Contains a song titled "Jeanne d'Arc" about her life and fate. |
1993 | Houdini (album) | Melvins | Contains a song titled "Joan of Arc". |
1994 | Voices of Light (album) | Richard Einhorn | An oratorio inspired by the silent film The Passion of Joan of Arc. The libretto is based on excerpts from a variety of ancient writings, most of it from Medieval female mystics. |
formed 1995 | Joan of Arc | The name of an indie rock band from Chicago | |
1995 | "Vow" (song) | Garbage | Includes the lyrics, "You burned me out but I'm back at your door/ Like Joan of Arc coming back for more." |
1998 | "Joan of Arc (7")" (single) | Low (band) | Released on Tugboat Records |
1998 | "Siren" (album) | Heather Nova | Contains the song "I'm the Girl", in which Heather sings: "I'm a Joan of Arc, I'm the girl next door." |
first release 1998 | Janne Da Arc | Japanese rock band named after the character in the manga Devilman by Go Nagai | |
1999 | "She's So High" (song) | Tal Bachman | Includes the lyrics, "She's so high/ like Cleopatra, Joan of Arc, or Aphrodite", which speaks of the focus woman as being as smart as Cleopatra, as brave as Joan of Arc, and as beautiful as Aphrodite. |
1999 | "Right on Time" (song) | Red Hot Chili Peppers | From the album Californication, includes the lyrics, "Joan of Arc reincarnated/ Maybe we could be related/ So much blood to circulate/ And so much space to decorate." |
2000 | The Hall of the Olden Dreams (album) | Dark Moor | An album released from a Spanish power metal band. The album contains a song titled "Maid of Orleans", which is about life of Joan of Arc. |
2002 | "Did Anybody Sleep With Joan of Arc?" (song) | Elton John (music), Bernie Taupin (lyrics) | A summary of Joan of Arc's life. |
2002 | "Free & Easy" (song) | Ayumi Hamasaki | Japanese singer and songwriter, based the lyrics and music video for her single on her interpretation of Joan of Arc's feelings. She also produced a photobook entitled Hamasaki Republic – Free & Easy where she was dressed as a warrior, a nun, and a knight. |
2003 | "Cadence" (song) | Anberlin | Includes the lyrics "Burning like Joan of Arc to See You", appearing on the band's debut album Blueprints for the Black Market. |
2004 | A Lifetime of Temporary Relief (album) | Low (band) | Minnesota-based indie rock band released two versions of their song "Joan of Arc." |
2005 | Plague Angel (album) | Marduk | Black metal band from Sweden, have a song entitled "Everything Bleeds", which is about Jeanne d'Arc. |
2005 | Aerial (album) | Kate Bush | Sings about Joan of Arc in "Joanni." |
2005 | Jeanne d'Arc (album) | Thy Majestie | Concept album about Joan of Arc by a power metal band from Italy. |
2005 | Jeanne d'Arc (album) | Tangerine Dream | Musical tribute to Joan of Arc performed on the occasion of the 300th anniversary of the French Cathedral in Berlin. |
2006 | "World of Stone" (song) | Blackmore's Night | The song is about Joan of Arc, appearing on their 5th studio album, The Village Lanterne. |
2006 | Joan of Arc (album) | Tony Conrad | Joan of Arc is a 2006 album by mimimalist composer Tony Conrad. The piece, which lasts unbroken for over an hour, was originally written by Conrad as a soundtrack to accompany Piero Heliczer's eponymous short film. |
2006 | "The Martyr's Lounge" (song) | Ellis Paul | Includes the lyrics, "JFK, Joan of Arc / sit in the corner, kissing in the dark". |
2006 | The Black Parade (album) | My Chemical Romance | Joan of Arc appears of the artwork of the vinyl cover, and the CD insert[23] |
2007 | "Joan of Arc" (song) | David Guetta | 12th song on the album Pop Life |
2008 | The Historical Conquests of Josh Ritter (album) | Josh Ritter | The song "To the Dogs or Whoever" (the album's opening track) mentions Joan of Arc and other historical women |
2008 | Godspeed on the Devil's Thunder (album) | Cradle of Filth | A concept album about the life of Joan of Arc's companion-in-arms Gilles de Rais, in which she is a central character. |
2008 | "Joan" (song) | Heather Dale | The fifth track on her fourth studio album, The Gabriel Hounds. Joan sings the story of her own life and crusade. |
2008 | "Lenders In The Temple" (song) | Conor Oberst | Includes the lyrics "So watch your back, the Ides of March, Cut your hair like Joan of Arc" |
2010 | "Pearl" (song) | Katy Perry | Includes the lyrics "She could be a Joan of Arc" |
2013 | "Joan of Arc" (song) | Arcade Fire | The seventh track in Arcade Fire's fourth studio album Reflektor. |
2013 | "Miley Cyrus vs Joan of Arc" (song) | Epic Rap Battles of History | Singer and actress Miley Cyrus (Michelle Glavan) battles French folk heroine Joan of Arc (Jessi Smiles).[24][25] |
2014 | "Saint Joan" (song) | Husky (band) | The second track in Husky's second album Ruckers Hill. |
2015 | "Joan of Arc" (song) | Madonna | The eight song on Madonna's album Rebel Heart.[26] |
2015 | "Jeanne d'Arc" | Wednesday Campanella | The fifth song on the album Jugem' Je t'aime[27] |
2016 | "Joanni" (song) | Kate Bush | Before The Dawn Live performance |
2017 | The Vision, the Sword and the Pyre – Part I (album) | Eloy | Initial part of a two-part conceptual album about the life and fate of Jeanne d'Arc |
2018 | "Joan of Arc" (Little Mix song) | Little Mix | The sixth song from their fifth studio album "LM5".[28] |
2019 | The Vision, the Sword and the Pyre – Part II (album) | Eloy | Final part of the two-part conceptual album about the fate and death of Jeanne d'Arc |
Television Episodes
Date | Series | Notes | Ref |
---|---|---|---|
1972–1978 | Maude | theme song includes 'Joan of Arc with the Lord to guide her/she was a sister who really cooked.' | [14] |
1979 | M*A*S*H | "Are You Now, Margaret?", Hawkeye references Joan of Arc. | [15] |
1981 | Taiyo Sentai Sun Vulcan | "The Cursed Dead" features Joan of Arc, Dracula and Billy the Kid resurrected to terrorize the titular team as they were souls never put to rest. | [16] |
1992 | Forever Knight | "For I Have Sinned", Nicholas Knight (Geraint Wyn Davies) recalls his friendship with Jeanne d'Arc (Christina Cox) as he tries to overcome his fear of the holy cross in order to track down a blasphemous murderer. | [17] |
1995 | Wishbone | "Bone of Arc" is based on Mark Twain's 1896 novel Personal Recollections of Joan of Arc | [18] |
1999 | Buffy the Vampire Slayer | "Fear, Itself", in this Halloween-themed episode, Willow chose to dress up like Joan of Arc, because she was also (almost) burned at the stake in "Gingerbread". | [19] |
2001 | Witchblade | "Parallax", Sara learns Joan of Arc wielded the Witchblade | [20] |
2003–2005 | Joan of Arcadia | a girl speaks with God and uses His influence to do good | [21] |
2004 | Wonderfalls | series theme inspired by Joan of Arc | [22] |
2006–2007 | Heroes | features a character named St. Joan | [23] |
2010−2013 | Horrible Histories | Series 2 features a sketch and series 5 features a song about Joan of Arc. Played by Alice Lowe and then Martha Howe-Douglas. | [24] |
2011 | Deadliest Warrior | "Joan of Arc vs. William the Conqueror" | [25] |
2016 | The Hollow Crown | Portrayed by Laura Frances-Morgan in Henry VI, Part 1 (S02E01) | [29] |
2017 | Fate/Apocrypha | Servant of the Ruler class (voiced by Maaya Sakamoto). | [26] |
2020 | Devs | Joan of Arc is briefly seen in episode 3 | [27] |
Video games
Date | Game | Notes |
---|---|---|
1989 | Joan of Arc – Siege and the Sword / Jeanne d'Arc | Historically based war strategy and action game by Brøderbund for Amiga, ST and PC. |
1992 | World Heroes series | NeoGeo fighting game. The character Janne D'Arc, a beautiful French swordswoman with pyrokinetic powers, is very much inspired by Joan of Arc. |
1995 | Soul Edge | Fighting game released by Namco about a sword full of evil spirits. The character Sophitia Alexandra shares a similar story to Joan of Arc. Although they both eventually meet and bond with each other in Warriors Orochi 3 Ultimate |
1999 | Age of Empires II: The Age of Kings | The central character in one of the major campaigns in which she is depicted as a peasant at first but follows a historically driven plot leading to her capture and death. |
2000 | Perfect Dark | Nintendo 64 game. Whilst in no way is the game about Joan, the central character Joanna Dark's name is a play on Jeanne d'Arc.[30] |
2001 | Civilization III | The Leader of France's civilization is Joan of Arc. |
2002 | La Pucelle: Tactics | PlayStation game. The title is an allusion to Joan of Arc. Most of the character and place names within the game are French, but the game scenario is unrelated fantasy. |
2004 | Wars and Warriors: Joan of Arc | PC game, title character. |
2006 | Age of Empires: The Age of Kings | Nintendo DS game major playable character. |
2006 | Jeanne d'Arc | PSP game, title character (voiced by Kari Wahlgren) in a fantasy universe loosely based on the historical story. |
2006, 2008 | Yggdra Union | Game Boy Advance/PSP game. Minor character Monica, a peasant girl who receives divine inspiration and rises up to defend her country from invasion, is based on Joan of Arc. |
2007 | Bladestorm: The Hundred Years' War | PS3 game, Xbox 360 game, major character and leader of the French troops. |
2008 | Atlantica Online | PC MMORPG, Hero Mercenary, evolved form of "Lady Knight" Mercenary |
2009 | Assassin's Creed II | PS3/Xbox 360/PC action game. It is claimed that she had the 25th Piece of Eden, the Sword, and the Templars burned her alive to gain possession of it. |
2009 | Dragon Age | Andraste, a messianic figure in the game world who is both a religious and military leader, is partially based upon Joan of Arc. |
2010 | Bayonetta | PS3/Xbox 360/PC game contains a character named Jeanne who acts as Bayonetta's rival. She also possesses some references to the real life Joan of Arc, with her trademark red outfit being the product of the fictional Italian fashion brand D'arc. |
2011 | Deadliest Warrior: Legends | PS3/Xbox 360 game. Historical warriors engage in one-on-one fighting; Joan of Arc is playable through downloadable content. |
2012 | Warriors Orochi 3 | PS3/Xbox 360 hack and slash game, Joan's Bladestorm: The Hundred Years' War incarnation appears as a special guest character and is involved in the plot to save the world from destruction. In Ultimate update game, this is where Joan and Sophitia met and shares their bonds each other. |
2013 | Angel Master (エンジェルマスター, Enjeru Masutā) | This iOS and Android card action game contains a character named Jeanne d'Arc (ジャンヌ・ダルク, Jan'nu Daruku), who is one of the game's three main characters. |
2015 | Fate/Grand Order | Appears as a summonable servant in the Ruler, Avenger, Lancer, Archer, and Berserker classes. Also appears in the First Singularity: Hundred Years' War of the First Dragons: Orleans as the main ally (In ruler class) of the player and the antagonist of the singularity, The Dragon Witch (Avenger), who was summoned by Caster (Gilles de Rais) using the Holy Grail. |
2018 | Dragalia Lost | Appears as a summonable dragon of the light element along with having a holiday alt of the water element. Also appears as a void boss and later a Gala Reborn dragon. |
Comics and animation
Date | Title | Format | Notes | Ref |
---|---|---|---|---|
1995 | Jeanne | Manga | Three comic volume work set in the Hundred Years' War whose central character's life parallels that of Joan of Arc. By Yoshikazu Yasuhiko, based on story by Chōjun Ōtani | |
1995–1996 | D'arc: Histoire de Jeanne D'arc | Manga | Two volume fantasy retelling the story of Joan of Arc. Art by Katsuya Kondō and story by Ken'ichi Sakemi. | |
1995–present | Witchblade | Comic, TV series | Joan of Arc is a blade wielder. | [28] |
1998–2000 | Histeria! | Animation | WB animated series that parodies a variety of figures from history. Joan of Arc is a regular character, voiced by Laraine Newman. She constantly extinguishes fires that spring up around her. She talks with a Valley Girl accent and introduces herself as "like, I'm Joan, Joan of Arc". | [29] |
1998–2004 | Shaman King | Anime | The leader of the group X-Laws, Iron Maiden Jeanne, is a French girl who receives a divine revelation while praying in church that she must purge an evil force or the world will be destroyed. | |
17 March 2002 | The Simpsons | Animation | In episode "Tales from the Public Domain", Lisa Simpson plays Joan of Arc and Milhouse plays the Dauphin, after Homer reads about her in a children's book. However, when Homer gets to the part where she was burned at the stake, Lisa says, "Was she killed?" and Marge runs in and says, "Just then, Sir Lancelot rode up on his white horse and saved Joan of Arc! They got married and lived in a spaceship!" She then tore the page out, ate it, and says, "Easier to chew than that Bambi video!" Episode synopsis: [30]. | [31] |
2002–ongoing | Clone High | Animation | Joan of Arc's clone appears as a main character in the traditionally animated show. | [32] |
2003 | Digimon | Anime | The seventh movie of the Digimon series features a Digimon named D'Arcmon (voiced by Takako Uehara) who is a female angel and soldier leading the "human-type" Digimon on Wondering Island. She uses a special sword attack called "La Pucelle". She later is revealed only to be a disguised form of Murmuxmon. | [33] |
2003 | Yu-Gi-Oh! | Anime, TCG | In the Yu-Gi-Oh! Trading Card game there is a monster card named St. Joan (Saint Jeanne in Japan). It is summoned by fusing The Forgiving Maiden (Compassionate Nun) and Marie the Fallen One (Fallen Angel Marie).
In the anime Yu-Gi-Oh Duel Monsters, Shizuka Kawai (Serenity Wheeler) used it when she, Hiroto Honda (Tristan Taylor), and Ryuji Otogi (Duke Devlin) were forced to face Soichiro Ota (Nesbitt) of the Big five. With power ups from other cards it was able to destroy Ota's last monster, the Perfect Machine King, and win the duel in episode 107 "Saint Jeanne's Trinity Attack" ("Mechanical Mayhem Part 2"). |
|
2003 | Ashita no Nadja | Anime | Nadja, Kennosuke, and Georg are treasure hunting for Joan of Arc's treasure. It turns out to be a seed that she planted that bloomed and spread into a field of flowers. She is briefly shown planting it in a flashback. | [34] |
2003–2009 | Hetalia: Axis Powers | Manga and Anime | In a brief flashback to the Hundred Years' War, Joan of Arc (often known only as あのこ or "that kid" in-story) looks on in confusion while the anthropomorphic personification of England teases the anthropomorphic personification of France for "relying on a girl". Several centuries later, her supposed reincarnation is given a private tour of Mont Saint-Michel by France. | [35] |
2005 | Top 10: The Forty-Niners | Comic | One of the officers, named Joanna Dark, dresses in chainmail and uses holy powers. | |
2006 | Aflame Inferno | Manhwa/Manga | Joan of Arc appears as a character in the series. | |
2007–09 | Code Geass: Nightmare of Nunally | Manga | Joan of Arc appears as the "Witch of Orleans" and gives C.C. her Geass. Her personality is different from real life.
Portions of this page were translated from the French Wikipedia. |
|
2008-ongoing | Aria the Scarlet Ammo | Manga | A character of the series is Jeanne d'Arc 30th who is a descendant of the original Joan of Arc. | |
2009-ongoing | Drifters | Manga | Jeanne d'Arc (voiced by Junko Minagawa) appears as an "Ends", a villainous group of fallen historical figures who wish to destroy the world and exterminate humankind. In the series, Joan is an insane warrior who has exchanged her humanity for the supernatural ability to manipulate fire. | |
2009-ongoing | Afterschool Charisma | Manga | Currently at four volumes, this series takes place at an exclusive school called St. Kleio Academy that is mostly attended by clones of famous people. Joan of Arc's clone appears along with clones of other important people such as Napoleon Bonaparte, Queen Elizabeth I, Florence Nightingale, Marie Curie, Ikkyu, Sigmund Freud and others. | |
2009-ongoing | Makai Ouji: Devils and Realist | Manga and Anime | Portrayed as the former lover of Gilles de Rais and as an angel, having been purified, suggesting that she was once evil. | |
2010–present | Times Like This | Webcomic | In this time-travel series, Joan is rescued during her execution and brought to modern Texas to live out her full life as a secondary character in the series. | |
2011 | Puella Magi Madoka Magica | Anime | In Episode 11 it is revealed that she was a magical girl, along with Cleopatra and other famous women in history. | |
2012 | Family Guy | Animation | In the Season 10 Episode 19 "Mr. and Mrs. Stewie", Joan of Arc is depicted as obnoxious and annoying in a cutaway after Stewie notes that women always turn out to be nightmares. | |
2013–present | Rooster Teeth Productions RWBY | Animation | In the series, the leader of Team JNPR, Jaune Arc, wielder of the Crocea Mors, is derived of the legend of Joan of Arc. While his characterization and history is different from Joan of Arc's, his rival is Cardin Winchester, an allusion to the Cardinal of Winchester who presided over Joan of Arc's trial. | |
2013 | Makai Ouji: Devils and Realist | Anime | Portrayed as the former lover of Gilles de Rais and as an angel, having been purified, suggesting that she was once evil. | |
2013 | Rage of Bahamut: Genesis | Anime | In the series, she's the "chosen one" by the gods to destroy Bahamut; a giant dragon. | |
2013 | Boxers and Saints | Comic | In the two-part series, Joan appears in the Saints volume as a mentor for the Chinese Christian convert Vibiana (Four-Girl). | |
2013–2017 | Puella Magi Tart Magica: The Legend of Jeanne d'Arc | Manga | Based on the anime Puella Magi Madoka Magica, which showed she was a magical girl, along with other famous women in history in episode 11. The manga chronicles her time of becoming a magical girl to her becoming the legendary warrior of France to her eventual demise of being burned at the stake. | |
2013–present | Requiem of the Rose King | Manga and Anime | Inspired by William Shakespeare's Henry VI and Richard III, the series depicts the deceased Joan of Arc as an almost demonic spirit who haunts the young Richard of Gloucester, later King of England. | [31][32] |
2014–2020 | Revelation: Keiji | Manga | A series depicting the life of Joan of Arc. Written and illustrated by Ryoko Yamagishi. | [33][34] |
2021 | Fate/Grand Order: Final Singularity - Grand Temple of Time: Solomon | Anime | Briefly appears as a servant during a battle. Movie is a part of the Fate/Grand Order series. | [35] |
In philately
Date | Country | Yvert n°[36] |
---|---|---|
1929 | France | 257 |
1946 | France | 768 |
1968 | France | 1579 |
1979 | France | 2051 |
1996 | France | 3002 |
2012 | France | 4654 |
Other representations
Joan of Arc's short haircut had a profound effect on women's hairstyles in the twentieth century. In 1909, the Paris hairdresser Antoine took Joan of Arc as the inspiration for the bob, which ended centuries of taboo against women who cut their hair. The style became popular in the 1920s and was associated with liberated women. Nearly all subsequent Western hair fashions are designed for women who cut their hair at least occasionally. Such haircut is still known in French as coupe à la Jeanne d'Arc (Joan of Arc's haircut).
During the Cristero War in 1927, a group of female Cristeros named themselves after Joan of Arc. They obtained money, supplies, and intelligence for the male combatants. They often smuggled weapons into war zones and cared for the wounded. By the end of the war they had 35,000 participants.
Several people have been seen as modern versions of Joan of Arc:
- Malalai of Maiwand, called the "Afghan Joan of Arc"[37]
- Tringe Smajl Martini, referred to as "The Albanian Joan of Arc"
- Lalla Fatma N'Soumer, referred to as "The Joan of Arc of Kabylie"
- Ani Pachen, referred to as "The Tibetan Joan of Arc"
- Sarah Taylor, referred to as "The Tennessee Joan of Arc"
- Triệu Thị Trinh, referred to as "The Vietnamese Joan of Arc"
- Emilia Plater, referred to as "The Polish Joan of Arc"
See also
Notes
References
- ^ Blaetz, Robin (May 1989). Strategies of containment: Joan of Arc in film (PhD thesis). New York University.
- ^ "L'Orléanide: Poème National en Vingt-Huit Chants" Bibliothèque nationale de France retrieved 20 January 2017
- ^ Leonard Peikoff, "The Early Ayn Rand - Selections from her unpublished fiction", New American Library, New York, 1984, P. 342-343.
- ^ Ashley, Mike, "Munn, H. Warner". The Encyclopedia of Fantasy, 1997. Retrieved 19 March 2020.
- ^ ""Sparrow" by Michael Morpurgo - Review" The Guardian. 3 July 2012. Retrieved 19 March 2020.
- ^ "BORN TO DO THIS – The Joan of Arc Rock Opera". www.companytheatre.com. Retrieved 10 August 2023.
- ^ "companytheatre – Award-winning Company Theatre serving the South Shore and Southeastern Massachusetts". www.companytheatre.com. Retrieved 10 August 2023.
- ^ "Jo Lampert Takes On Joan Of Arc" by Elizabeth Blair NPR 18 March 2017; retrieved 8 November 2018
- ^ "David Byrne's New Off-Broadway Show 'Joan of Arc' Falls Into the Musical Abyss" by Peter Marks The Washington Post 15 March 2017; retrieved 8 November 2018
- ^ Edmunds (2008:40f.) portrays the possibility of the head representing Jeanne d'Arc as plausible, citing enthusiastic support from Walter Scott and Bernard Shaw, and claims a "a tradition than when Joan entered Orléans in triumph after the siege was raised a sculptor modelled the head of his statue of St Maurice from Joan herself". The head was discovered in the ruins of the demolished church in 1820, and the "tradition" is in fact limited to learned 19th-century speculation. 20th-century art historians tend to identify the head as belonging to a statue of Saint George. "Tête casquée découverte en 1820 dans les démolitions des restes de l'ancienne église Saint-Eloi-Saint-Maurice, considérée parfois, mais à tort, comme représentant Jeanne d'Arc; c'est en réalité une tête de St Georges." Val de Loire; Maine, Orléanais, Touraine, Anjou, Hachette (1963), p. 70.
- ^ James Hamilton's "A Strange Business: Art, Culture, and Commerce in Nineteenth Century London" 2015
- ^ A [copyrighted picture of the left handed panel can be found on page 317 of William Etty: The Life and Art By Leonard Robinson 2007];A study by Eddy for the "Joan of Arc" painting can be found online at Artworks Website U.K.
- ^ "The Story of Joan of Arc" Children's Book Almanac retrieved 30 May 2016
- ^ Joan of Arc Donato Art retrieved 30 May 2016
- ^ "Joan of Arc" Donato Art retrieved 30 May 2016
- ^ "Joan of Arc Statue - Gloucester, MA. -- Riverside Drive, New York City, New York at Museum Planet: Slide tours of historic places with narration, photographs and text". Archived from the original on 27 March 2012. Retrieved 16 September 2011.
- ^ "Joanie on the Pony – Home at Last". Archived from the original on 7 September 2008. Retrieved 13 September 2015.
- ^ "Benetton Group: Evolution of Communication Strategy" Archived 1 November 2013 at the Wayback Machine Scribd 21 February 2010
- ^ "Poise Adverts & Commercials Archive: Joan of Arc" Archived 1 October 2017 at the Wayback Machine advertolog.com 30 September 2017
- ^ "Joan of Arc" Beans
- ^ Jeanne D’Arc Credit Union
- ^ Piekut, Benjamin (2019). Henry Cow: The World Is a Problem. Duke University Press. p. 356. ISBN 978-1-47800-405-9.
- ^ "Gerard Way - For those wondering where Joan is on the cover of TBP #joanofarc | Facebook". www.facebook.com. Retrieved 9 September 2023.
- ^ Miley Cyrus vs Joan of Arc videoclip on YouTube
- ^ Leslie Kaufman (29 October 2013). "Making Silly Showdowns for YouTube". The New York Times. Retrieved 30 October 2013.
- ^ "Madonna Just Surprise Released Six New Songs on iTunes". Spin. 20 December 2014. Retrieved 20 December 2014.
- ^ "Suiyōbi No Campanella – Jugem je t'aime | Specific Recordings". spcfc.com. Retrieved 4 March 2018.
- ^ Bajgrowicz, Brooke (2 November 2018). "Little Mix Drop Fierce Anthem "Joan Of Arc" Listen". Billboard. Retrieved 4 November 2018.
- ^ "The Hollow Crown: The Wars of the Roses | Henry VI Part 1".
- ^ Darran Jones (29 March 2010). "Interview: Martin Hollis". NowGamer. Retrieved 5 October 2014.
- ^ Silverman, Rebecca (4 April 2015). "Requiem of the Rose King GN 1". Anime News Network. Retrieved 10 November 2020.
Very quickly we see that [Richard] has visions of a strange woman in armor, who turns out to be the deceased Joan of Arc. Kanno here does use Shakespeare's interpretation of the woman, making her the demonic figure the English believe her to be in Henry the Sixth Part One; the fact that she is dead also places the action in part two of the play, or sometime between parts one and two.
- ^ Mateo, Alex (15 September 2020). "Requiem of the Rose King Manga Gets TV Anime". Anime News Network. Retrieved 10 November 2020.
- ^ 山岸凉子、モーニングで初連載!鋭い眼差しの女性が表紙に. Comic Natalie (in Japanese). 25 December 2014. Retrieved 2 September 2020.
- ^ Sherman, Jennifer (2 November 2020). "Ryouko Yamagishi's Revelation Manga About Joan of Arc Ends". Anime News Network. Retrieved 3 November 2020.
- ^ Fate Grand Order: The Grand Temple of Time (Animation, Action, Drama), Type-Moon, 30 July 2021, retrieved 28 June 2022
- ^ "Yvert et Tellier, matériel pour toutes collections (philatélie, numismatique) – Timbres – Monnaies".
- ^ "Ehrungen". Katachel.de. Archived from the original on 12 September 2011. Retrieved 25 June 2011.
- Nadia Margolis, Joan of Arc in History, Literature, and Film (New York: Garland, 1990).
- Régine Pernoud and Marie-Véronique Clin, Joan of Arc: Her Story, trans. Jeremy Duquesnay Adams (New York: St. Martin's Griffin, 1999).
- Heimann, Nora (2005). Joan of Arc in French Art and Culture (1700–1855): From Satire to Sanctity. Aldershot: Ashgate. ISBN 978-0-7546-5085-0.
- Heimann, Nora; Coyle, Laura (2006). Joan of Arc: Her Image in France and America. Washington, DC: Corcoran Gallery of Art in association with D Giles Limited. ISBN 978-1-904832-19-5.
External links
Media related to Films about Jeanne d'Arc at Wikimedia Commons
- International Joan of Arc Society film list
- Médailles Jeanne d'Arc. French site containing pictures and descriptions of Medallions devoted to Joan of Arc.
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