Long March 2C

Function	Launch vehicle
Manufacturer	CALT
Country of origin	People's Republic of China
Size
Height	42 metres (138 ft)
Diameter	3.35 metres (11.0 ft)
Mass	233,000 kilograms (514,000 lb)
Stages	2
Capacity
Payload to LEO
Mass	3,850 kilograms (8,490 lb)
Payload to SSO
Mass	2C: 1,400 kilograms (3,100 lb); 2C/SMA: 1,900 kilograms (4,200 lb)
Payload to GTO
Mass	2C/SM: 1,250 kilograms (2,760 lb)
Associated rockets
Family	Long March
Launch history
Status	Active
Launch sites	LA-2/138 and; LA-4/SLS-2, JSLC; LA-7 and LA-9, TSLC; LA-3, XSLC
Total launches	53
Success(es)	52
Failure(s)	1
First flight	9 September 1982
Last flight	10 June 2020
First stage
Height	25.72 m
Diameter	3.35 m
Propellant mass	162,706 kilograms (358,705 lb)
Powered by	4 YF-21C
Maximum thrust	2,961.6 kilonewtons (665,800 lbf)
Specific impulse	2,556.5 metres per second (8,387 ft/s)
Propellant	N2O4 / UDMH
Second stage
Height	7.757 m
Diameter	3.35 m
Propellant mass	54,667 kilograms (120,520 lb)
Powered by	1 YF-24E; (1 x YF-22E (Main)); (4 x YF-23C (Vernier))
Maximum thrust	741.4 kilonewtons (166,700 lbf) (Main); 47.1 kilonewtons (10,600 lbf) (Vernier)
Specific impulse	2,922.37 metres per second (9,587.8 ft/s) (Main); 2,834.11 metres per second (9,298.3 ft/s) (Vernier)
Propellant	N2O4 / UDMH
Third stage – (optional)
Height	1.5 m
Diameter	2.7 m
Propellant mass	125 kilograms (276 lb)
Powered by	1 solid
Maximum thrust	10.78 kilonewtons (2,420 lbf)
Specific impulse	2,804 metres per second (9,200 ft/s)
Propellant	HTPB
	[edit on Wikidata]

The Long March 2C (LM-2C), also known as the Chang Zheng 2C (CZ-2C), is a Chinese orbital carrier rocket, part of the Long March 2 rocket family. Developed and manufactured by the China Academy of Launch Vehicle Technology (CALT),^[2] the Long March 2C made its first launch on 9 September 1982. It is a two-stage launch vehicle with storable propellants, consisting of Nitrogen Tetroxide and Unsymmetrical Dimethylhydrazine. The rocket was derived from the DF-5 ICBM.^[2]

Several variants of this launch vehicle have been built, all using an optional third solid motor stage:^[3]

2C/SD — Commercial satellite launcher with a multi-satellite smart dispenser allowing delivery of two satellites simultaneously
2C/SM — Version for delivery of small satellites to high orbits
2C/SMA — Improved version of the 2C/SM

Note that according to the website Gunter's Space Page,^[4] in addition to the launches listed in the following table, there may have been six additional CZ-2C launches during 2014 and 2015. These possible launches apparently were conducted at the Taiyuan Satellite Launch Center on the following dates: 9 January 2014, 7 August 2014, 2 December 2014, 7 June 2015, 20 August 2015, and 23 November 2015; five of these six launches were apparently successful, while the launch on 7 August 2014 appears to have failed. However, due to the lack of additional sources for these six launches, they are not currently included in the following launch list.

Aerodynamic grid fins were added on the Long March 2C in 2019 to help guide falling stages away from populated areas. China is studying using reusable rocket technology in the future.^[5]

List of launches

Flight number	Date (UTC)	Launch site	Upper stage (if used)	Payload	Orbit	Result
1	9 September 1982 07:19	LA-2/138, JSLC		FSW-0 No.4	LEO	Success
2	19 August 1983 06:00	LA-2/138, JSLC		FSW-0 No.5	LEO	Success
3	12 September 1984 05:44	LA-2/138, JSLC		FSW-0 No.6	LEO	Success
4	21 October 1985 05:04	LA-2/138, JSLC		FSW-0 No.7	LEO	Success
5	6 October 1986 05:40	LA-2/138, JSLC		FSW-0 No.8	LEO	Success
6	5 August 1987 06:39	LA-2/138, JSLC		FSW-0 No.9	LEO	Success
7	9 September 1987 07:15	LA-2/138, JSLC		FSW-1 No.1	LEO	Success
8	5 August 1988 07:29	LA-2/138, JSLC		FSW-1 No.2	LEO	Success
9	5 October 1990 06:14	LA-2/138, JSLC		FSW-1 No.3	LEO	Success
10	6 October 1992 06:20	LA-2/138, JSLC		FSW-1 No.4 Freja	LEO	Success
11	8 October 1993 08:00	LA-2/138, JSLC		FSW-1 No.5	LEO	Success
12	1 September 1997 14:00	LA-7, TSLC	2C/SD	Iridium mass simulator A Iridium mass simulator B	LEO	Success
13	8 December 1997 07:16	LA-7, TSLC	2C/SD	Iridium 42 Iridium 44	LEO	Success
14	25 March 1998 17:01	LA-7, TSLC	2C/SD	Iridium 51 Iridium 61	LEO	Success
15	2 May 1998 09:16	LA-7, TSLC	2C/SD	Iridium 69 Iridium 71	LEO	Success
16	19 August 1998 23:01	LA-7, TSLC	2C/SD	Iridium 76 Iridium 78	LEO	Success
17	19 December 1998 11:39	LA-7, TSLC	2C/SD	Iridium 88 Iridium 89	LEO	Success
18	11 June 1999 17:15	LA-7, TSLC	2C/SD	Iridium 92 Iridium 93	LEO	Success
19	29 December 2003 19:06	LA-3, XSLC	2C/SM	Double Star 1	HEO	Success
20	18 April 2004 15:59	LA-3, XSLC		Shiyan-1 Nano Satellite 1	SSO	Success
21	25 July 2004 07:05	LA-7, TSLC	2C/SM	Double Star 2	HEO	Success
22	29 August 2004 07:50	LA-4/SLS-2, JSLC		FSW-4 No.1	LEO	Success
23	18 November 2004 10:45	LA-3, XSLC		Shiyan-2	SSO	Success
24	2 August 2005 07:30	LA-4/SLS-2, JSLC		FSW-4 No.2	LEO	Success
25	9 September 2006 07:00	LA-4/SLS-2, JSLC		Shijian 8	LEO	Success
26	11 April 2007 03:27	LA-7, TSLC		HaiYang-1B	SSO	Success
27	6 September 2008 03:25	LA-7, TSLC	2C/SMA	Huanjing-1A Huanjing-1B	SSO	Success
28	22 April 2009 02:55	LA-7, TSLC		Yaogan 6	SSO	Success
29	12 November 2009 02:45	LA-4/SLS-2, JSLC		Shijian 11-01	SSO	Success
30	6 July 2011 04:28	LA-4/SLS-2, JSLC		Shijian 11-03	SSO	Success
31	29 July 2011 07:42	LA-4/SLS-2, JSLC		Shijian 11-02	SSO	Success
32	18 August 2011 09:28	LA-4/SLS-2, JSLC		Shijian 11-04	SSO	Failure
33	29 November 2011 18:50	LA-9, TSLC		Yaogan 13	SSO	Success
34	6 October 2012 03:25	LA-9, TSLC	2C/SMA	Shijian 9A Shijian 9B	SSO	Success
35	18 November 2012 22:53	LA-9, TSLC		Huanjing-1C Xinyan 1 Fengniao 1	SSO	Success
36	15 July 2013 09:27	LA-4/SLS-2, JSLC		Shijian 11-05	SSO	Success
37	29 October 2013 02:50	LA-9, TSLC		Yaogan 18	SSO	Success
38	31 March 2014 02:46	LA-4/SLS-2, JSLC		Shijian 11-06	SSO	Success
39	28 September 2014 05:13	LA-4/SLS-2, JSLC		Shijian 11-07	SSO	Success
40	27 October 2014 06:59	LA-4/SLS-2, JSLC		Shijian 11-08	SSO	Success
41	14 November 2014 18:53	LA-9, TSLC		Yaogan 23	SSO	Success
42	29 September 2017 04:21	LA-3, XSLC		Yaogan 30-01 A/B/C	LEO	Success
43	24 November 2017 18:10	LA-3, XSLC		Yaogan 30-02 A/B/C	LEO	Success
44	25 December 2017 19:44	LA-3, XSLC		Yaogan 30-03 A/B/C	LEO	Success
45	25 January 2018 05:39	LA-3, XSLC		Yaogan 30-04 A/B/C	LEO	Success
46	27 June 2018 03:30	LC-3, XSLC		XJSS A/B	LEO	Success
47	9 July 2018 03:56	LA-4/SLS-2, JSLC	2C/SMA	PRSS-1 PakTES-1A	SSO	Success
48	7 September 2018 03:15	LA-9, TSLC		HaiYang-1C	SSO	Success
49	9 October 2018 02:43	LA-4/SLS-2, JSLC	2C/YZ-1S	Yaogan 32A, 32B	LEO	Success
50	29 October 2018 00:43	LA-4/SLS-2, JSLC		CFOSAT	SSO	Success
51	26 July 2019 03:57	LA-3, XSLC		Yaogan 30-05 A/B/C	LEO	Success
52	24 March 2020 03:43	LA-3, XSLC		Yaogan 30-06 A/B/C	LEO	Success
53	10 June 2020 18:31^[5]	TSLC, LA-9		HaiYang 1D	SSO	Success

Launch failures

Shijian 11-04 launch failure

On 18 August 2011, a Long March 2C rocket failed during the launch of the Shijian 11-04 satellite. During the powered flight phase of the second stage, the connecting mechanism between vernier engine no.3 and the servo-control mechanism of the second stage failed, which led to the loss of attitude control on the second stage.^[6]

References

^ ^a ^b "LM-2C". China Great Wall Industry Corporation. Retrieved 9 August 2015.
^ ^a ^b "China's Orbital Launch Activity 2020" (PDF). Bryce Space and Technology. 27 May 2020. Retrieved 22 June 2020.
^ "Chang Zheng-2C (Long March-2C)". SinoDefence. Archived from the original on 6 July 2015. Retrieved 9 August 2015.
^ Gunter Dirk Krebs. "CZ-2 (Chang Zheng-2)". Gunter's Space Page. Retrieved 17 February 2020.
^ ^a ^b Clark, Stephen (10 June 2020). "China launches ocean monitoring satellite". Spaceflight Now. Retrieved 12 June 2020.
^ "Malfunction at devices connection blamed for orbiter launch failure". Xinhua News Agency. 6 September 2011. Retrieved 9 August 2015.

"LM-2C USER'S MANUAL". CALT. 1999. Archived from the original on 16 January 2016.

Gunter Dirk Krebs. "CZ-2 (Chang Zheng-2)". Gunter's Space Page. Retrieved 9 August 2015.

[cgwic.com-1] "LM-2C". China Great Wall Industry Corporation. Retrieved 9 August 2015.

[bryce-2020-2] "China's Orbital Launch Activity 2020" (PDF). Bryce Space and Technology. 27 May 2020. Retrieved 22 June 2020.

[3] "Chang Zheng-2C (Long March-2C)". SinoDefence. Archived from the original on 6 July 2015. Retrieved 9 August 2015.

[Gunters-4] Gunter Dirk Krebs. "CZ-2 (Chang Zheng-2)". Gunter's Space Page. Retrieved 17 February 2020.

[sfn-20200610-5] Clark, Stephen (10 June 2020). "China launches ocean monitoring satellite". Spaceflight Now. Retrieved 12 June 2020.

[6] "Malfunction at devices connection blamed for orbiter launch failure". Xinhua News Agency. 6 September 2011. Retrieved 9 August 2015.

[1]

[2]

[3]

[4]

[5]

[6]

v t e Long March (rocket family)
Rockets	Feng Bao 1 Long March 1 1D Long March 2 2A 2C 2D 2E 2F Long March 3 3A 3B 3B/E 3C Long March 4 4A 4B 4C Long March 5 5B Long March 6 6A 6C Long March 7 7A Long March 8 8A Long March 9 Long March 10 Long March 11 Long March 12
Launch sites	Jiuquan Taiyuan Wenchang Commercial Xichang
Manufacturers	China Academy of Launch Vehicle Technology Shanghai Academy of Spaceflight Technology
Designers	Wang Xiji
List of Long March launches

v t e Orbital launch systems
List of orbital launch systems Comparison of orbital launch systems
Current	Angara 1.2 A5 Ariane 6 Atlas V Ceres 1 1S Chollima-1 Electron Falcon 9 Block 5 Falcon Heavy Firefly Alpha Gravity-1 GSLV H-IIA H3 Hyperbola-1 Jielong 1 3 KAIROS^† Kaituozhe 2 Kinetica 1 Kuaizhou 1 1A 11 Long March 2C 2D 2F 3A 3B/E 3C 4B 4C 5 5B 6 6A 7 7A 8 11 11H LVM3 Minotaur I IV V C Nuri OS-M1^† Pegasus XL Proton-M PSLV Qaem 100 Qased RS1^† Shavit 2 Simorgh SLS Block 1 Soyuz-2 2.1a / STA 2.1b / STB 2-1v SSLV Starship Tianlong-2 Unha Vega C Vulcan Centaur Zhuque 2
In development	Antares 330 Bloostar Cyclone-4M Deca Epsilon S Eris Gravity-2 Hyperbola-2 Irtysh Kuaizhou 21 31 Long March 9 10 12 Miura 5 MLV Neutron New Glenn New Line 1 NGLV Nova OS-M 2 4 Orbex Prime Pallas-1 Red Dwarf SLS Block 1B Block 2 Soyuz-7 Terran R Tianlong-3 VLM Vega E Zero Zhuque 3 Zuljanah
Retired	Antares 110 120 130^† 230 230+ Ariane 1 2 3 4 5 ASLV Athena I II Atlas B D E/F G H I II III LV-3B SLV-3 Able^† Agena Centaur Black Arrow Conestoga^† Delta A B C D E G J L M N 0100 1000 2000 3000 4000 5000 II III IV IV Heavy Diamant Dnepr Energia Epsilon Europa I^† II^† Falcon 1 Falcon 9 v1.0 v1.1 v1.2 "Full Thrust" Feng Bao 1 GSLV Mk I H-I H-II H-IIB Juno I Juno II Kaituozhe-1 Kosmos original 1 2/2I 3 3M Lambda 4S LauncherOne Long March 1 1D^† 2A 2E 3 3B 4A Mu 4S 3C 3H 3S 3SII V N1^† N-I N-II Naro-1 Paektusan^† Pilot-2^† R-7 Luna Molniya M L Polyot Soyuz original FG L M U U2 Soyuz/Vostok Sputnik Voskhod Vostok L K 2 2M R-29 Shtil' Volna^† Rocket 3 Safir 1 1A 1B Saturn I IB V Scout X-1 Blue Scout II^† X-2^† X-2M X-3 X-3M X-4 X-2B^† B A B-1 D-1 A-1 E-1 F-1 G-1 Shavit original 1 SLV Space Shuttle SPARK^† Sparta SS-520 Start-1 Terran 1^† Thor Able Ablestar 1 2 Agena A B D Burner 1 2 Delta DSV-2U Thorad-Agena SLV-2G SLV-2H Titan II GLV IIIA IIIB IIIC IIID IIIE 34D 23G CT-3 IV Tsyklon R-36-O original 2 3 Universal Rocket UR-500 Proton Proton-K Rokot Strela Vanguard Vega original VLS-1^† Zenit 2 2M 2FG 3SL 3SLB 3F Zhuque 1^†
Classes	Sounding rocket Small-lift launch vehicle Medium-lift launch vehicle Heavy-lift launch vehicle Super heavy-lift launch vehicle
This Template lists historical, current, and future space rockets that at least once attempted (but not necessarily succeeded in) an orbital launch or that are planned to attempt such a launch in the future Symbol ^† indicates past or current rockets that attempted orbital launches but never succeeded (never did or has yet to perform a successful orbital launch)