1684

Millennium:	2nd millennium
Centuries:	16th century 17th century 18th century
Decades:	1660s 1670s 1680s 1690s 1700s
Years:	1681 1682 1683 1684 1685 1686 1687

1684 in various calendars

Gregorian calendar	1684 MDCLXXXIV
Ab urbe condita	2437
Armenian calendar	1133 ԹՎ ՌՃԼԳ
Assyrian calendar	6434
Balinese saka calendar	1605–1606
Bengali calendar	1091
Berber calendar	2634
English Regnal year	35 Cha. 2 – 36 Cha. 2
Buddhist calendar	2228
Burmese calendar	1046
Byzantine calendar	7192–7193
Chinese calendar	癸亥年 (Water Pig) 4381 or 4174     — to — 甲子年 (Wood Rat) 4382 or 4175
Coptic calendar	1400–1401
Discordian calendar	2850
Ethiopian calendar	1676–1677
Hebrew calendar	5444–5445
Hindu calendars
- Vikram Samvat	1740–1741
- Shaka Samvat	1605–1606
- Kali Yuga	4784–4785
Holocene calendar	11684
Igbo calendar	684–685
Iranian calendar	1062–1063
Islamic calendar	1095–1096
Japanese calendar	Tenna 4 / Jōkyō 1 (貞享元年)
Javanese calendar	1606–1607
Julian calendar	Gregorian minus 10 days
Korean calendar	4017
Minguo calendar	228 before ROC 民前228年
Nanakshahi calendar	216
Thai solar calendar	2226–2227
Tibetan calendar	阴水猪年 (female Water-Pig) 1810 or 1429 or 657     — to — 阳木鼠年 (male Wood-Rat) 1811 or 1430 or 658

1684 (MDCLXXXIV) was a leap year starting on Saturday of the Gregorian calendar and a leap year starting on Tuesday of the Julian calendar, the 1684th year of the Common Era (CE) and Anno Domini (AD) designations, the 684th year of the 2nd millennium, the 84th year of the 17th century, and the 5th year of the 1680s decade. As of the start of 1684, the Gregorian calendar was 10 days ahead of the Julian calendar, which remained in localized use until 1923.

April 25: Start of the Morean War.

Events

January–June

• January – Edmond Halley, Christopher Wren and Robert Hooke have a conversation in which Hooke later claimed not only to have derived the inverse-square law, but also all the laws of planetary motion.
• January 5 – King Charles II of England gives the title Duke of St Albans to Charles Beauclerk, his illegitimate son by Nell Gwyn.
• January 26 – Marcantonio Giustinian is elected Doge of Venice.
• March – The severe frost in Britain, which started the previous December, ends, during which the River Thames was frozen in London and the sea as far as 2 miles (3.2 km) out from land froze over (there has been great loss of beast and of wildlife, especially birds, and similar reports from across Northern Europe). The Chipperfield's Circus dynasty has begun with James Chipperfield introducing performing animals to the country at the Frost Fair on the Thames in London.
• April 25 – Morean War: The Republic of Venice declares war on the Ottoman Empire.

July–December

• July 21–August 6 – Morean War: Siege of Santa Maura – The Republic of Venice captures the Ottoman island fortress of Santa Maura.
• July 24 – René-Robert Cavelier, Sieur de La Salle sails again from France, with a large expedition designed to establish a French colony on the Gulf of Mexico, at the mouth of the Mississippi River.
• August – Edmond Halley goes to Cambridge to discuss the problem of planetary motion with Isaac Newton.
• August 15
  • France under Louis XIV makes the Truce of Ratisbon separately with the Holy Roman Empire (Habsburg) and Spain.
  • Louis XIV decrees the foundation of the Maison royale de Saint-Louis, a boarding school for girls at Saint-Cyr, at the urging of Madame de Maintenon.
• September 21 – Morean War: The Republic of Venice captures the fortress town of Preveza from the Ottoman Empire.
• October 7 – Japanese Chief Minister Hotta Masatoshi is assassinated, leaving Shōgun Tokugawa Tsunayoshi without any adequate advisors, leading him to issue impractical edicts and create hardships for the Japanese people.
• December – The Tibet–Ladakh–Mughal War, beginning in 1679, ends.
• December 10 – Isaac Newton's derivation of Kepler's laws from his theory of gravity, contained in the paper De motu corporum in gyrum, is read to the Royal Society by Edmond Halley.

Date unknown

• Pope Innocent XI forms a Holy League with the Habsburg Empire, Venice and Poland, to end Ottoman Turkish rule in Europe.
• Japanese poet Ihara Saikaku composes 23,500 verses in 24 hours at the Sumiyoshi-taisha (shrine) at Osaka; the scribes cannot keep pace with his dictation and just count the verses.
• The predecessor of the University of Tokyo (formally chartered in 1877) is established in Japan.
• The British East India Company receives Chinese permission to build a trading station at Canton. Tea sells in Europe for less than a shilling a pound, but the import duty of 5 shillings makes it too expensive for most English people to afford; hence smuggled tea is drunk much more than legally imported tea.
• John Bunyan publishes the second part of The Pilgrim's Progress.

Births

Catherine I of Russia

Jean-Antoine Watteau

Edward Vernon

• January 1 – Arnold Drakenborch, Dutch classical scholar (d. 1748)
• January 4
  • Henry Coote, 5th Earl of Mountrath, British politician (d. 1720)
  • Henry Grove, English nonconformist minister (d. 1738)
• January 14
  • Johann Matthias Hase, German astronomer, mathematician and cartographer (d. 1742)
  • Jean-Baptiste van Loo, French subject and portrait painter (d. 1745)
• January 18 – Johann David Köhler, German historian (d. 1755)
• January 23 – Christian Rantzau, Danish noble (d. 1771)
• February 16 – Bohuslav Matěj Černohorský, Czech composer (d. 1742)
• February 19 – George Duckett (Calne MP), English politician (d. 1732)
• February 20 – Edward Bayly, Irish politician (d. 1741)
• February 21 – Justus van Effen, Dutch author (d. 1735)
• February 22 – Charles, Count of Armagnac, French noble (d. 1751)
• February 24 – Matthias Braun, Czech sculptor (d. 1738)
• March 2 – Christopher Wandesford, 2nd Viscount Castlecomer, 2nd Viscount Castlecomer and Member of Parliament (d. 1719)
• March 15 – Francesco Durante, Italian composer (d. 1755)
• March 19 – Jean Astruc, French physician and scholar (d. 1766)
• March 21 – Oley Douglas, English Member of Parliament (d. 1719)
• March 22
  • Matthias Bel, Hungarian pastor, polymath (d. 1749)
  • William Pulteney, 1st Earl of Bath, England (d. 1764)
• March 24 – Samuel von Schmettau, Prussian field marshal (d. 1751)
• March 28 – Emperor Tekle Haymanot I of Ethiopia (d. 1708)
• March 31 – Francesco Durante, Neapolitan composer (d. 1755)
• April 2 – Henry Somerset, 2nd Duke of Beaufort (d. 1714)
• April 10 – Joseph Paris Duverney, French banker (d. 1770)
• April 15 – Catherine I of Russia (d. 1727)
• April 25 – Marco Benefial, Italian painter (d. 1764)
• May 2 – William Henry, Prince of Nassau-Usingen, Prince of Nassau-Usingen (1702–1718) (d. 1718)
• May 5 – Françoise Charlotte d'Aubigné, French noble (d. 1739)
• May 23 – Hachisuka Muneteru, Japanese daimyō of the Edo period (d. 1743)
• May 24 – Charles Alexander, Duke of Württemberg, regent of the Kingdom of Serbia (1720–1733) (d. 1737)
• May 27 – Wilhelm Reinhard von Neipperg, Austrian field marshal (d. 1774)
• May 31
  • Timothy Cutler, American Episcopal clergyman, rector of Yale College (d. 1765)
  • Georg Engelhard Schröder, Swedish artist (d. 1750)
• June 4 – Louis Charles, Duke of Schleswig-Holstein-Sonderburg-Franzhagen, German nobleman (d. 1707)
• June 6 – Nathaniel Lardner, English theologian (d. 1768)
• June 15 – Ernest Leopold, Landgrave of Hesse-Rotenburg, German noble (d. 1749)
• June 22 – Francesco Manfredini, Italian Baroque composer (d. 1762)
• July 3 – Jean-Baptiste Baudry, Canadian gunsmith (d. 1755)
• August 22 – Archduchess Maria Theresa of Austria (1684–1696) (d. 1696)
• August 24 – Sir Robert Munro, 6th Baronet, British politician (d. 1746)
• August 30 – Marguerite de Launay, baronne de Staal, French author (d. 1750)
• September 1 – Jaime Álvares Pereira de Melo, 3rd Duke of Cadaval (d. 1749)
• September 17
  • Henry Cantrell, Anglican clergyman, writer (d. 1773)
  • Elizabeth Hanson, American captive of Native Americans and writer (d. 1737)
• September 18 – Johann Gottfried Walther, German music theorist, organist and composer (d. 1748)
• September 22 – Charles Louis Auguste Fouquet, duc de Belle-Isle, French general and statesman (d. 1761)
• October 2 – Thomas Seaton, British poet (d. 1741)
• October 8 – Karl Aigen, Austrian painter (d. 1762)
• October 9 – Christopher of Baden-Durlach, German prince (d. 1723)
• October 10 – Jean-Antoine Watteau, French painter (d. 1721)
• October 16 – Peter Walkden, English writer (d. 1769)
• October 26 – Kurt Christoph Graf von Schwerin, Prussian Generalfeldmarschall (d. 1757)
• October 28 – Paul Alphéran de Bussan, French bishop (d. 1757)
• November 1 – Mikhail Mikhailovich Golitsyn (admiral), Russian naval officer (d. 1764)
• November 11 – Algernon Seymour, 7th Duke of Somerset (d. 1750)
• November 12 – Edward Vernon, English naval officer (d. 1757)
• November 15 – Paul-Hippolyte de Beauvilliers, duke of Saint-Aignan, French diplomat and soldier (d. 1776)
• November 16 – Allen Bathurst, 1st Earl Bathurst (d. 1775)
• December 3 – Ludvig Holberg, Norwegian historian and writer (d. 1754)
• December 9 – Abraham Vater, German anatomist (d. 1751)
• December 14 – Siwart Haverkamp, Dutch classical scholar (d. 1742)
• December 15
  • James Jurin, British mathematician, doctor (d. 1750)
  • August Friedrich Müller, German legal scholar, logician (d. 1761)
• December 16 – Samuel Clark of St Albans, British theologian (d. 1750)
• December 20 – Miles Holmwood, "Norway's undead soldier" (disappears 1721 after victory of the Great Northern War).
• December 21 – Ippolito Desideri, Italian Tibetologist (d. 1733)
• December 31 – William Grimston, 1st Viscount Grimston, Irish noble (d. 1756)
• date unknown
  • Celia Grillo Borromeo, Italian scientist and mathematician (d. 1777)
  • James Figg, first English bare-knuckle boxing champion (d. 1734)

Deaths

Pieter de Hooch

Pierre Corneille

Géraud de Cordemoy

• January 4 – Louis-Isaac Lemaistre de Sacy, French Bible translator (b. 1613)
• January 11 – Cornelis Speelman, Governor-General of the Dutch East Indies (b. 1628)
• January 13 – Henry Howard, 6th Duke of Norfolk (b. 1628)
• January 15 – Alvise Contarini, Doge of Venice (b. 1601)
• January 21 – Queen Myeongseong, Korean royal consort (b. 1642)
• January 29 – Angélique de Saint-Jean Arnauld d'Andilly, French Jansenist nun (b. 1624)
• February 5 – Dorothy Spencer, Countess of Sunderland, English countess (b. 1617)
• February 6 – Ernst Bogislaw von Croÿ, German Lutheran administrator (b. 1620)
• February 11 – Sir Thomas Peyton, 2nd Baronet, English politician (b. 1613)
• March 24
  • Pieter de Hooch, Dutch painter (b. 1629)
  • Elizabeth Ridgeway, English poisoner (burned at the stake)
• April 3 – Marc Restout, French painter (b. 1616)
• April 5
  • Lord William Brouncker, English mathematician (b. 1602)
  • Karl Eusebius, Prince of Liechtenstein (b. 1611)
• April 6 – Domenico Maria Canuti, Italian painter of the Baroque period (b. 1625)
• April 13 – Nicolás Antonio, Spanish bibliographer born in Seville (b. 1617)
• April 24 – Johann Olearius, German hymnwriter (b. 1611)
• May 4 – John Nevison, English highwayman (b. 1639)
• May 10 – Anne Carr, Countess of Bedford, English noble (b. 1615)
• May 12 – Edme Mariotte, French physicist and priest (b. c. 1620)
• June 24 – Sir Edward Dering, 2nd Baronet, Irish politician (b. 1625)
• July 2 – John Rogers, American President of Harvard University (b. 1630)
• July 6 – Peter Gunning, English royalist churchman (b. 1614)
• July 26 – Elena Cornaro Piscopia, Venetian philosopher of noble descent (b. 1646)
• August 8 – George Booth, 1st Baron Delamer, England (b. 1622)
• August 20 – Maria d'Este, Italian noble (b. 1644)
• September 9 – Jakob Thomasius, German philosopher (b. 1622)
• October 1 – Pierre Corneille, French playwright (b. 1606)
• October 11 – James Tuchet, 3rd Earl of Castlehaven (b. c. 1617)
• October 12 – William Croone, English physician and one of the original Fellows of the Royal Society (b. 1633)
• October 15
  • Géraud de Cordemoy, French historian, philosopher and lawyer (b. 1626)
  • Julius Siegmund, Duke of Württemberg-Juliusburg (b. 1653)
• October 24 – Duchess Marie Elisabeth of Saxony (b. 1610)
• November 20 – Bartolomé Garcia de Escañuela, Spanish Catholic prelate and bishop (b. 1627)
• November 21 – Cornelius Van Steenwyk, American politician (b. 1626)
• November 23 – William Cavendish, 3rd Earl of Devonshire, English nobleman (b. 1617)
• December 10 – Sir Thomas Sclater, 1st Baronet, English politician (b. 1615)
• December 22 – Francis Hawley, 1st Baron Hawley, English politician (b. 1608)
• October – Dud Dudley, English ironmaster (b. 1600?)
• date unknown – Alexandra Mavrokordatou, Greek intellectual, salonist (b. 1605)