List of Jewish American jurists
This is a list of notable Jewish American jurists. For other famous Jewish Americans, see Lists of American Jews.
Supreme Court of the United States
| Justice | State[a] | Position | Succeeded | Date confirmed (Vote) |
Tenure | Tenure length[b] | Nominated by | ||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 67 | 
|
Louis Brandeis (1856–1941) |
KY | Associate Justice |
J. Lamar | June 1, 1916 (47–22) |
June 5, 1916 – February 13, 1939 (Retired) |
22 years, 253 days | Woodrow Wilson |
| 75 | 
|
Benjamin N. Cardozo (1870–1938) |
NY | Associate Justice |
Holmes | February 24, 1932 (Acclamation) |
March 14, 1932 – July 9, 1938 (Died) |
6 years, 117 days | Herbert Hoover |
| 78 | 
|
Felix Frankfurter (1882–1965) |
MA | Associate Justice |
Cardozo | January 17, 1939 (Acclamation) |
January 30, 1939 – August 28, 1962 (Retired) |
23 years, 210 days | Franklin D. Roosevelt |
| 94 | .jpg)
|
Arthur Goldberg (1908–1990) |
IL | Associate Justice |
Frankfurter | September 25, 1962 (Acclamation) |
October 1, 1962 – July 25, 1965 (Resigned) |
2 years, 300 days | John F. Kennedy |
| 95 | 
|
Abe Fortas (1910–1982) |
TN | Associate Justice |
Goldberg | August 11, 1965 (Acclamation) |
October 4, 1965 – May 14, 1969 (Resigned) |
3 years, 222 days | Lyndon B. Johnson |
| 107 | 
|
Ruth Bader Ginsburg (born 1933) |
NY | Associate Justice |
B. White | August 3, 1993 (96–3) |
August 10, 1993 – Incumbent |
31 years, 87 days[c] | Bill Clinton |
| 108 | 
|
Stephen Breyer (born 1938) |
MA | Associate Justice |
Blackmun | July 29, 1994 (87–9) |
August 3, 1994 – Incumbent |
30 years, 94 days[c] | |
| 112 | .jpg)
|
Elena Kagan (born 1960) |
MA | Associate Justice |
Stevens | August 5, 2010 (63–37) |
August 7, 2010 – Incumbent |
14 years, 90 days[c] | Barack Obama |
Federal Judges
Appellate Judges
- David L. Bazelon, Chief Judge of the United States Court of Appeals for the District of Columbia Circuit[2]
- Edward Roy Becker, Chief Judge of United States Court of Appeals for the Third Circuit[3]
- Wilfred Feinberg, Chief Judge of the United States Court of Appeals for the Second Circuit[4]
- Joel Flaum, Chief Judge of the United States Court of Appeals for the Seventh Circuit[5]
- Jerome Frank, Judge of the United States Court of Appeals for the Second Circuit[6]
- Abraham Lincoln Freedman, Judge of the United States Court of Appeals for the Third Circuit[7]
- Michelle Taryn Friedland, Judge of the United States Court of Appeals for the Ninth Circuit[8]
- Merrick Garland, Chief Judge of the United States Court of Appeals for the District of Columbia Circuit[9]
- Leonard I. Garth, Judge of the United States Court of Appeals for the Third Circuit [10]
- Douglas H. Ginsburg, Judge of the United States Court of Appeals for the District of Columbia Circuit[11]
- Ronald M. Gould, Judge of the United States Court of Appeals for the Ninth Circuit[12]
- Susan P. Graber, Judge of the United States Court of Appeals for the Ninth Circuit[13]
- Murray Gurfein, Judge of the United States Court of Appeals for the Second Circuit[14]
- Andrew D. Hurwitz, Judge of the United States Court of Appeals for the Ninth Circuit[15]
- Harry Ellis Kalodner, Circuit Judge of the United States Court of Appeals for the Third Circuit[16]
- Robert Katzmann, Chief United States Circuit Judge of the United States Court of Appeals for the Second Circuit[17]
- Irving Kaufman, Chief Judge of the United States Court of Appeals for the Second Circuit[18]
- Andrew Kleinfeld, Judge of the United States Court of Appeals for the Ninth Circuit[19]
- Alex Kozinski, Judge for the United States Court of Appeals for the Ninth Circuit and popular essayist [20]
- Edward Leavy, Judge of the United States Court of Appeals for the Ninth Circuit[21]
- Harold Leventhal, Judge of the United States Court of Appeals for the District of Columbia Circuit[22]
- Robert J. Luck, Judge of the United States Court of Appeals for the Eleventh Circuit[23]
- Julian Mack, Judge of the United States Court of Appeals for the Second Circuit[24][25]
- Julius Marshuetz Mayer, United States Circuit Judge of the United States Court of Appeals for the Second Circuit[26]
- Steven Menashi, Judge of the United States Court of Appeals for the Second Circuit[27][28]
- Roger Miner, Circuit Judge of the United States Court of Appeals for the Second Circuit[29]
- Jon O. Newman, Chief Judge of the United States Court of Appeals for the Second Circuit[30]
- Rosemary S. Pooler, Judge of the United States Court of Appeals for the Second Circuit
- Harry Pregerson, Judge of the United States Court of Appeals for the Ninth Circuit[31]
- Sharon Prost, Chief Judge of the United States Court of Appeals for the Federal Circuit[32]
- Robin S. Rosenbaum, Judge of the United States Court of Appeals for the Eleventh Circuit[33]
- Alvin Benjamin Rubin, Judge of the United States Court of Appeals for the Fifth Circuit[34]
- Laurence Silberman, Judge of the United States Court of Appeals for the District of Columbia Circuit[35]
- Barry G. Silverman, Judge of the United States Court of Appeals for the Ninth Circuit[36]
- Simon Sobeloff, Chief Judge of the United States Court of Appeals for the Fourth Circuit[37]
- Norman H. Stahl, Judge of the United States Court of Appeals for the First Circuit[38]
- David Stras, Judge of the United States Court of Appeals for the Eighth Circuit[39]
District Judges
- Harold A. Ackerman, Judge of the United States District Court for the District of New Jersey[40]
- Lynn S. Adelman, Judge of the United States District Court for the Eastern District of Wisconsin[40]
- Roy Altman, Judge of the United States District Court for the Southern District of Florida[41]
- Sidney M. Aronovitz, Judge of the United States District Court for the Southern District of Florida[40]
- Marvin E. Aspen, Chief Judge of the United States District Court for the Northern District of Illinois[40]
- Nancy Friedman Atlas, Judge of the United States District Court for the Southern District of Texas[40]
- Harold Baer Jr., Judge of the United States District Court for the Southern District of New York[40]
- Peter Hill Beer, Judge of the United States District Court for the Eastern District of Louisiana[40]
- Richard M. Berman, Judge of the United States District Court for the Southern District of New York[40]
- Alexander Bicks, Judge of the United States District Court for the Southern District of New York[40]
- Norman William Black, Judge of the United States District Court for the Southern District of New York[40]
- Alan Neil Bloch, Judge of the United States District Court for the Western District of Pennsylvania[40]
- Beth Bloom, Judge of the United States District Court for the Southern District of Florida[42]
- Mosher Joseph Blumenfeld, District Judge of the United States District Court for the District of Connecticut[40]
- Frederic Block, Judge of the United States District Court for the Eastern District of New York[40]
- Naomi Reice Buchwald, Judge of the United States District Court for the Southern District of New York[40]
- Charles Breyer, Judge of the United States District Court for the Northern District of California[40]
- Stanley Brotman, Chief Judge of the United States District Court for the Southern District of Texas[40]
- Allison Dale Burroughs, District Judge of the United States District Court for the District of Massachusetts[40]
- Robert N. Chatigny, Chief Judge of the United States District Court for the District of Connecticut[40]
- Deborah K. Chasanow, Chief Judge of the United States District Court for the District of Maryland[40]
- Florence-Marie Cooper, Judge of the United States District Court for the Central District of California
- Avern Cohn, Judge of the United States District Court for the Eastern District of Michigan[40]
- James I. Cohn, Judge of the United States District Court for the Southern District of Florida[43]
- Irving Ben Cooper, Judge of the United States District Court for the Southern District of New York[40]
- Susan J. Dlott, Chief Judge of the United States District Court for the Southern District of Ohio[44]
- Jan E. DuBois, Judge of the United States District Court for the Eastern District of Pennsylvania[45]
- David Norton Edelstein, Chief Judge of the United States District Court for the Southern District of New York[40]
- Paul A. Engelmayer, District Judge of the United States District Court for the Southern District of New York[46]
- Martin Leach-Cross Feldman, Judge of the United States District Court for the Eastern District of Louisiana[47]
- Sandra J. Feuerstein, Judge of the United States District Court for the Eastern District of New York[40]
- Sherman Glenn Finesilver, Chief Judge of the United States District Court for the District of Colorado[40]
- Herbert Allan Fogel, Judge of the United States District Court for the Eastern District of Pennsylvania[40]
- Jeremy Fogel, Judge of the United States District Court for the Northern District of California[40]
- Marvin E. Frankel, Judge of the United States District Court for the Southern District of New York[40]
- Emerich B. Freed, District Judge of the United States District Court for the Northern District of Ohio[40]
- Frank Harlan Freedman, Chief Judge of the United States District Court for the District of Massachusetts[40]
- Beth Labson Freeman, Judge of the United States District Court for the Northern District of California[48]
- Jerome B. Friedman, Judge of the United States District Court for the Eastern District of Virginia[40]
- Paul L. Friedman, Judge of the United States District Court for the District of Columbia[49]
- Jesse M. Furman, District Judge of the United States District Court for the Southern District of New York[50][51]
- Nina Gershon, Senior Judge of the United States District Court for the Eastern District of New York[40]
- Nancy Gertner, Judge of the United States District Court for the District of Massachusetts[52]
- Robert Gettleman, Judge of the United States District Court for the Northern District of Illinois[40]
- Mitchell S. Goldberg, Judge of the United States District Court for the Eastern District of Pennsylvania[40]
- Alan Stephen Gold, Judge of the United States District Court for the Southern District of Florida[40]
- Mark A. Goldsmith, Judge of the United States District Court for the Eastern District of Michigan[53]
- Louis Earl Goodman, District Judge of the United States District Court for the Northern District of California[40]
- Harold H. Greene, Judge of the United States District Court for the District of Columbia[40]
- Steven D. Grimberg, Judge of the United States District Court for the Northern District of Georgia[54]
- Lawrence Gubow, Judge of the United States District Court for the Eastern District of Michigan[40]
- Alvin Hellerstein, Judge of the United States District Court for the Southern District of New York[55][56][57][58]
- William Bernard Herlands, Judge of the United States District Court for the Southern District of New York[40]
- Irving Hill, Chief Judge of the United States District Court for the Central District of California[40]
- Faith S. Hochberg, Judge of the United States District Court for the District of New Jersey[40]
- Julius Hoffman, Judge of the United States District Court for the Northern District of Illinois[40]
- Alexander Holtzoff, Judge of the United States District Court for the District of Columbia[40]
- Lewis A. Kaplan, Judge of the United States District Court for the Southern District of New York[40]
- Lawrence K. Karlton, Chief Judge of the United States District Court for the Eastern District of California[40]
- David A. Katz, Judge of the United States District Court for the Northern District of Ohio[40]
- Bruce William Kauffman, Judge of the United States District Court for the Eastern District of Pennsylvania[40]
- Frank Albert Kaufman, Chief Judge of the United States District Court for the District of Maryland[40]
- Samuel H. Kaufman, Judge of the United States District Court for the Southern District of New York[40]
- Gladys Kessler, Judge of the United States District Court for the District of Columbia[40]
- Edward R. Korman, Chief Judge of the United States District Court for the Eastern District of New York[40]
- Robert S. Lasnik, Chief Judge of the United States District Court for the Western District of Washington[40]
- Morris E. Lasker, Judge of the United States District Court for the Southern District of New York[40]
- Joan A. Lenard, Judge of the United States District Court for the Southern District of Florida[40]
- David F. Levi, Chief Judge of the United States District Court for the Eastern District of California[40]
- Gerald Sanford Levin, Judge of the United States District Court for the Northern District of California[40]
- Theodore Levin, Chief Judge of the United States District Court for the Eastern District of Michigan[59]
- Jon D. Levy, Chief United States District Judge of the United States District Court for the District of Maine[40]
- Lewis J. Liman, Judge of the United States District Court for the Southern District of New York[60]
- Sheryl H. Lipman, Judge of the United States District Court for the Western District of Tennessee[61]
- Barbara M. Lynn, Chief Judge of the United States District Court for the Northern District of Texas[40]
- Abraham Lincoln Marovitz, Judge of the United States District Court for the Northern District of Illinois[62]
- Samuel Mandelbaum, Judge of the United States District Court for the Southern District of New York[40]
- Howard Matz, Judge of the United States District Court for the Central District of California[40]
- Peter Jo Messitte, Judge of the United States District Court for the District of Maryland[40]
- Charles Miller Metzner, Judge of the United States District Court for the Southern District of New York[40]
- Jacob Mishler, Chief Judge of the United States District Court for the Eastern District of New York[40]
- Grover M. Moscowitz, District Judge of the United States District Court for the Eastern District of New York[40]
- Barry Ted Moskowitz, Chief Judge of the United States District Court for the Southern District of California[40]
- Mendon Morrill, Judge of the United States District Court for the District of New Jersey[40]
- Stewart Albert Newblatt, Judge of the United States District Court for the Eastern District of Michigan[40]
- Casper Platt, Chief Judge of the United States District Court for the Eastern District of Illinois[40]
- Dan A. Polster, Judge of the United States District Court for the Northern District of Ohio[40]
- Milton Pollack, Judge of the United States District Court for the Southern District of New York[40]
- Edmund Port, Judge of the United States District Court for the Northern District of New York[40]
- Dean Pregerson, Judge of the United States District Court for the Central District of California[40]
- Jed S. Rakoff, Judge of the United States District Court for the Southern District of New York[40]
- Simon H. Rifkind, District Judge of the United States District Court for the Southern District of New York
- Louis Rosenberg, Judge of the United States District Court for the Western District of Pennsylvania[40]
- Robin L. Rosenberg, Judge of the United States District Court for the Southern District of Florida[63]
- Lee Hyman Rosenthal, Chief Judge of the United States District Court for the Southern District of Texas[64]
- George Rosling, Judge of the United States District Court for the Eastern District of New York[40]
- Allyne R. Ross, Judge of the United States District Court for the Eastern District of New York[40]
- Carl Bernard Rubin, Chief Judge of the United States District Court for the Southern District of Ohio[40]
- Lee Rudofsky, Judge of the United States District Court for the Eastern District of Arkansas[65]
- Leo F. Rayfiel, Judge of the United States District Court for the Eastern District of New York[66]
- Patti B. Saris, Chief Judge of the United States District Court for the District of Massachusetts[40]
- Shira Scheindlin, Judge of the United States District Court for the Southern District of New York[67]
- Charles Schwartz Jr., Judge of the United States District Court for the Eastern District of Louisiana[40]
- Harvey E. Schlesinger, Judge of the United States District Court for the Middle District of Florida[40]
- Morey Leonard Sear, Chief Judge of the United States District Court for the Eastern District of Louisiana[40]
- Allen G. Schwartz, Judge of the United States District Court for the Southern District of New York[40]
- Edward Joseph Schwartz, Chief Judge of the United States District Court for the Southern District of California[40]
- Murray Merle Schwartz, Chief Judge of the United States District Court for the District of Delaware[40]
- Berle M. Schiller, Judge of the United States District Court for the Eastern District of Pennsylvania[40]
- Norma Levy Shapiro, Judge of the United States District Court for the Eastern District of Pennsylvania[68]
- George Z. Singal, Chief Judge of the United States District Court for the District of Maine[40]
- Christina A. Snyder, Judge of the United States District Court for the Central District of California[40]
- Gus J. Solomon, Chief Judge of the United States District Court for the District of Oregon [69]
- Arthur Spatt, Judge of the United States District Court for the Eastern District of New York[40]
- Sidney H. Stein, Judge of the United States District Court for the Southern District of New York[40]
- Herbert Jay Stern, Judge of the United States District Court for the District of New Jersey[40]
- Sidney Sugarman, Chief Judge of the United States District Court for the Southern District of New York[40]
- Hubert Irving Teitelbaum, Chief Judge of the United States District Court for the Western District of Pennsylvania[40]
- Amy Totenberg, Judge of the United States District Court for the Northern District of Georgia[40]
- David G. Trager, Judge of the United States District Court for the Eastern District of New York[40]
- Robert Joseph Ward, Judge of the United States District Court for the Southern District of New York[40]
- Jacob Weinberger, Judge of the United States District Court for the Southern District of California[40]
- Charles R. Weiner, Judge of the United States District Court for the Eastern District of Pennsylvania[40]
- Edward Weinfeld, Judge of the United States District Court for the Southern District of New York[40]
- Jack B. Weinstein, Chief Judge of the United States District Court for the Eastern District of New York[40]
- Albert Charles Wollenberg, Judge of the United States District Court for the Northern District of California[40]
- Joshua Wolson, Judge of the United States District Court for the Eastern District of Pennsylvania[70]
- Charles Edward Wyzanski Jr., Chief Judge of the United States District Court for the District of Massachusetts[40]
U.S. Attorneys
State Attorneys General
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Scholars
- Erwin Chemerinsky, Dean of the University of California, Berkeley, School of Law, legal scholar[95]
- Alan Dershowitz, former Felix Frankfurter Professor of Law at Harvard Law School, author
- Richard Epstein, legal scholar and Laurence A. Tisch Professor of Law at New York University[96]
- Arthur Lehman Goodhart, Professor of Jurisprudence at the University of Oxford[97]
- Jack Greenberg, lawyer for the Brown v. Board of Education case, worked for the NAACP Legal Defense and Educational Fund, and assisted establishing the Mexican American Legal Defense and Educational Fund (MALDEF) with Pete Tijerina[98][99][100][101]
Public figures
- Leslie Abramson, lawyer known for her role in the legal defense of Lyle and Erik Menendez[102]
- Gloria Allred, lawyer and radio talk show host[103]
- Ben Brafman, American criminal defense attorney[104]
- Marcia Clark, prosecutor and television correspondent known for being the lead prosecutor in the O. J. Simpson murder trial[105]
- Roy Cohn, lawyer, chief-council for the Army–McCarthy hearings[106]
- Ed Fagan, reparations lawyer, disbarred in New York[107] and New Jersey for stealing money from Holocaust survivors[108]
- Geoffrey Fieger, American attorney and occasional legal commentator for NBC and MSNBC[109]
- Bertram Fields, Harvard-trained lawyer, famous for his work in the field of entertainment law[103]
- Richard L. Fox, tax attorney[110]
- Jane C. Ginsburg, Morton L. Janklow Professor of Literary and Artistic Property Law at Columbia Law School[111][112]
- Martin D. Ginsburg, American lawyer who specialized in tax law[113]
- Samuel Leibowitz, defense attorney for the Scottsboro Boys[114]
- William Kunstler, U.S. lawyer famous for defending controversial "radical" clients such as the "Chicago Seven" protesters of the 1968 Democratic National Convention[115]
- Peter Neufeld, founding partner in the civil rights law firm Neufeld Scheck & Brustinco, founder of the Innocence Project and defense lawyer for O.J. Simpson[116]
- Barry Scheck, co-founder of the Innocence Project and defense lawyer for O.J. Simpson[117]
- Judy Sheindlin, star of Judge Judy, author, television personality, former Manhattan family court judge, civil court judge, and prosecutor[118][119][120]
- Ben Shapiro, conservative political commentator, author, and attorney[121]
- Robert Shapiro, American lawyer and defense lawyer for O.J. Simpson[122]
- Arlen Specter, lawyer, author, and United States Senator from Pennsylvania[123][124]
- Jeffrey Toobin, lawyer, author and legal analyst for CNN and The New Yorker[125]
Notes
- ^ State of residence at the time of appointment. For example, in 1971, Rehnquist was appointed from Arizona, but in 1986, when elevated to chief justice, he was appointed from Virginia.[1]
- ^ The start date given for each justice is the day he or she took the prescribed judicial oath of office, with the end date being the date of the justice's death, resignation, or retirement.[1]
- ^ a b c As of November 5, 2024.
Other topics of interest
- List of first minority male lawyers and judges in the United States
- List of first women lawyers and judges in the United States
- List of African-American jurists
- List of Asian American jurists
- List of Hispanic/Latino American jurists
- List of Native American jurists
References
- ^ a b "Justices 1789 to Present". www.supremecourt.gov. Retrieved January 11, 2018.
- ^ "David L. Bazelon Papers, 1941-1993 and undated". dla.library.upenn.edu.
- ^ Michaels, D (June 26, 2013). "Third Circuit Court Judge Edward R. Becker Dies at 73". Jewish Exponent. Retrieved April 18, 2017.
- ^ Jews in American Politics By Louis Sandy Maisel, Ira N. Forman, Donald Altschiller pg 456
- ^ Jews in American Politics By Louis Sandy Maisel, Ira N. Forman, Donald Altschiller pg 456
- ^ Yale University Library Guide to the Jerome New Frank Papers - Biographical History
- ^ Yale University Library Guide to the Jerome New Frank Papers - Biographical History
- ^ https://www.sdjewishworld.com/2014/04/29/michelle-friedman-confirmed-u-s-9th-circuit-judge/michelle-friedland/
- ^ Nathan-Kazis, Josh (March 16, 2016). "Merrick Garland Offers Poignant Story About Anti-Semitism as Supreme Court Battle Looms". The Forward. Retrieved July 11, 2020.
- ^ Yale University Library Guide to the Jerome New Frank Papers - Biographical History
- ^ Yale University Library Guide to the Jerome New Frank Papers - Biographical History
- ^ https://www.nndb.com/people/035/000208408/
- ^ https://www.fedbar.org/wp-content/uploads/2019/10/GraberMarchApril2006_3-pgs-pdf-3.pdf
- ^ "Murray Gurfein Elected President of United Hias Service". Jewish Telegraphic Agency. Retrieved 2020-07-12.
- ^ https://www.jewishvirtuallibrary.org/arizona-jewish-history
- ^ Yale University Library Guide to the Jerome New Frank Papers - Biographical History
- ^ https://www.centralsynagogue.org/worship/sermons/detail/jethro_shabbat_meeting_the_legal_needs_of_immigrants
- ^ The Brother: The Untold Story of the Rosenberg Case, (Random House Trade Paperbacks, 2014), p. 304
- ^ https://www.nndb.com/people/545/000204930/
- ^ "Legal Affairs".
- ^ https://www.fedbar.org/wp-content/uploads/2019/10/LeavyMay2012-pdf-3.pdf
- ^ Yale University Library Guide to the Jerome New Frank Papers - Biographical History
- ^ https://www.floridasupremecourt.org/News-Media/Court-News/Welcome-Justice-Luck
- ^ "World Zionist Organization | WZO". Archived from the original on 2006-08-27. Retrieved 2006-06-10.
- ^ [1]
- ^ http://politicalgraveyard.com/geo/NY/jewish.M.html
- ^ Daly, Matthew (September 11, 2019). "Senators blast Trump judicial nominee for silence at hearing". AP NEWS.
- ^ Blitzer, Ronn (September 11, 2019). "Trump court pick whose family fled persecution blasts racism accusation as 'hurtful' during confirmation hearing". Fox News.
- ^ https://digitalcommons.nyls.edu/cgi/viewcontent.cgi?article=1002&context=inductions_investitures
- ^ https://www.jewishvirtuallibrary.org/newman-jon-o
- ^ Roberts, Sam (30 November 2017). "Harry Pregerson, Judge Guided by Conscience, Dies at 94". The New York Times. p. B14. Retrieved 9 April 2018.
- ^ https://www.govinfo.gov/content/pkg/CRECB-2001-pt12/pdf/CRECB-2001-pt12-Pg17477-8.pdf
- ^ https://ballotpedia.org/Robin_L._Rosenberg
- ^ "Digital Archive: Alexandria, Louisiana". isjl.org. Archived from the original on 2012-05-23. Retrieved July 12, 2020.
- ^ https://dcchs.org/judges/laurence-silberman-2/
- ^ http://www.jlaw.com/Recent/religtuition.html
- ^ "Solicitor General: Simon E. Sobeloff".
- ^ https://www.loc.gov/law/find/nominations/sotomayor/shrg105-205pt9.pdf
- ^ https://minnlawyer.com/2010/07/19/is-stras-the-first-jewish-minnesota-high-court-justice/
- ^ a b c d e f g h i j k l m n o p q r s t u v w x y z aa ab ac ad ae af ag ah ai aj ak al am an ao ap aq ar as at au av aw ax ay az ba bb bc bd be bf bg bh bi bj bk bl bm bn bo bp bq br bs bt bu bv bw bx by bz ca cb cc cd ce cf cg ch ci cj ck cl cm cn co cp cq cr cs ct cu cv cw cx cy cz da db dc dd de df dg dh di dj dk dl dm dn Louis Sandy Maisel (2001). Jews in American Politics. Rowman & Littlefield. pp. 465–. ISBN 978-0-7425-0181-2.
- ^ https://vettingroom.org/tag/roy-altman/
- ^ https://ballotpedia.org/Beth_Bloom
- ^ https://www.sun-sentinel.com/news/fl-xpm-2010-05-29-fl-judge-cohn-profile-20100529-story.html
- ^ Kristina Goetz, The biggest case in town is in her court: Mediation on profiling is an effort to calm the storm, Cincinnati Enquirer (February 17, 2002).
- ^ https://pubhtml5.com/foyk/yocp/basic
- ^ "WEDDINGS; E. F. Mandelstam, Paul Engelmayer". The New York Times. July 3, 1994. Retrieved July 11, 2020.
- ^ "71 Jewish Delegates, Alternates Toil at Republican Convention". jta.org. August 23, 1972. Retrieved September 4, 2014.
- ^ https://www.ptbe.org/ptbe-history
- ^ https://www.britannica.com/biography/Thomas-L-Friedman
- ^ "UJA-Federation of New York mourns the passing of Jay Furman, longtime supporter of UJA-Federation and a distinguished leader in our community as a member of UJA-Federation's Finance Committee & Board of Directors". The New York Times. January 6, 2015.
- ^ "Tribal Allegiance: The Strange Nexus of a Brooklyn Rabbi and Hedge-Fund King Steven Cohen". Tablet Magazine. 16 December 2010. Retrieved 15 January 2019.
- ^ Gertner, Nancy (2011). In Defense of Women: Memoirs of an Unrepentant Advocate. Beacon Press. p. 13. ISBN 978-0-8070-1143-0.
- ^ "Celebrating 50 Fabulous Alumni". The Detroit Jewish News. 13 September 2007. p. 88. Retrieved 30 November 2019.
Judge Mark Goldsmith, class of 1967. ... Judge Mark Goldsmith was a member of the first graduating class of Hillel Day School.
- ^ https://www.judiciary.senate.gov/imo/media/doc/Steven%20Grimberg%20SJQ%20-%20PUBLIC.pdf
- ^ ""Judge Has Become "Elvis" of the 9/11 Community": Gothamist". Archived from the original on 2019-05-13. Retrieved 2019-05-13.
- ^ "Empathetic Judge in 9/11 Suits Seen by Some as Interfering" - The New York Times
- ^ "Alvin Hellerstein in the 1940 Census" | Ancestry
- ^ The American Bench - Marie T. Finn, Diana R. Irvine, Mary Lee Bliss, Gina L. (CON) Pratton, Samantha (CON) Morgan - Google Books
- ^ "History of the Sixth Circuit: Theodore Levin 1897-1970". Sixth US Circuit Court of Appeals. Archived from the original on December 28, 2010. Retrieved December 7, 2010.
- ^ https://ballotpedia.org/Lewis_Liman
- ^ https://www.tnwd.uscourts.gov/pdf/news/LipmanInvestiture.pdf
- ^ Rick Kogan and Noah Isackson, VETERAN JURIST BELOVED FOR FEISTY SPIRIT, COMPASSION, Chicago Tribune (March 18, 2001). Archived 2012-10-17 at the Wayback Machine
- ^ https://ballotpedia.org/Robin_L._Rosenberg
- ^ http://jhvonline.com/an-honor-to-serve-p5174.htm
- ^ https://www.arkansasonline.com/news/2018/oct/19/thanks-arkansas-20181019/
- ^ Stone (2011), p. 13.
- ^ "Boris M. Joffe, Director of Detroit Jewish Community Council, Dead". Jewish Telegraphic Agency. 1960-05-31. Retrieved 2019-08-16.
- ^ "Norma Levy Shapiro - Jewish Women's Archive". jwa.org.
- ^ "Welcome to the Oregon State Bar Online". www.osbar.org.
- ^ United States Senate Committee on the Judiciary: Questionnaire for Judicial Nominees: Joshua D. Wolson
- ^ https://www.sdjewishworld.com/2018/08/21/contrasting-legal-outcomes-for-reps-davis-and-hunter/
- ^ "Simon W. Rosendale". Jewish Encyclopedia. 1906. Retrieved 2012-10-10.
American lawyer; born at Albany, N. Y., June 23, 1842; graduated from Barre Academy, Vermont. He was admittedto the bar in 1863, and shortly thereafter became assistant district attorney of Albany county. In 1868 he was elected recorder of Albany, which judicial position he held for four years. ...
- ^ "Jewish Senators in the United States". Retrieved May 10, 2019.
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