Bishop of Ely
Bishop of Ely | |
|---|---|
| Bishopric | |
| anglican | |
| Incumbent: Stephen Conway | |
| Location | |
| Ecclesiastical province | Canterbury |
| Information | |
| Formation | 1109 |
| Diocese | Ely |
| Cathedral | Ely Cathedral |
The Bishop of Ely is the ordinary of the Church of England Diocese of Ely in the Province of Canterbury. The diocese roughly covers the county of Cambridgeshire (with the exception of the Soke of Peterborough), together with a section of north-west Norfolk and has its episcopal see in the City of Ely, Cambridgeshire, where the seat is located at the Cathedral Church of the Holy Trinity. The current bishop is Stephen Conway, who signs +Stephen Elien: (abbreviation of the Latin adjective Eliensis, meaning "of Ely"). The diocesan bishops now reside in Bishop's House, Ely, the former cathedral deanery. Conway became Bishop of Ely in 2010, translated from the Diocese of Salisbury where he was Bishop suffragan of Ramsbury.[2]
The roots of the Diocese of Ely are ancient and the area of Ely was part of the patrimony of Saint Etheldreda. Prior to the elevation of Ely Cathedral as the seat of the diocese, it existed as first as a convent of religious sisters and later as a monastery. It was led by first by an abbess and later by an abbot. The convent was founded in the city in 673. After St Etheldreda's death in 679 she was buried outside the church. Her remains were later translated inside, the foundress being commemorated as a great Anglican saint. The monastery, and much of the city of Ely, were destroyed in the Danish invasions that began in 869 or 870. A new Benedictine monastery was built and endowed on the site by Saint Athelwold, Bishop of Winchester, in 970, in a wave of monastic refoundations which also included Peterborough and Ramsey.[3] In the Domesday Book in 1086, the Bishop of Ely is referenced as a landholder of Foxehola. This became a cathedral in 1109, after a new Diocese of Ely was created out of land taken from the Diocese of Lincoln. From that time the line of bishops begins.
History
The earliest historical notice of Ely is given by the Venerable Bede who writes (Historia ecclesiastica gentis Anglorum, IV, xix):
- "Ely is in the province of the East Angles, a country of about six hundred families, in the nature of an island, enclosed either with marshes or waters, and therefore it has its name from the great abundance of eels which are taken in those marshes."
This district was assigned in 649 to saint Æthelthryth, daughter of Anna, king of the East Angles, as a dowry in her marriage with Tonbert of the South Girvii. After her second marriage to Ecgfrith of Northumbria, she became a nun, and in 673 returned to Ely and founded a monastery on the site of the present cathedral. As endowment she gave it her entire principality of the isle, from which subsequent Bishops of Ely derived their temporal power. Æthelthryth died in 679 and her shrine became a place of pilgrimage. In 870 the monastery was destroyed by the Danes, having already given to the Church four sainted abbesses, Æthelthryth and her sister Seaxburgh, the latter's daughter Ermenilda, and Ermenilda's daughter Werburgh. Probably under their rule there was a community of monks as well as a convent of nuns, but when in 970 the monastery was restored by King Edgar and Ethelwold it was a foundation for monks only.
For more than a century the monastery flourished, and about the year 1105 Abbot Richard suggested the creation of the See of Ely, to relieve the enormous Diocese of Lincoln. The pope's brief erecting the new bishopric was issued 21 November 1108, and on 17 October 1109 King Henry I granted his charter, the first bishop being Hervé le Breton, or Harvey (1109–1131), former Bishop of Bangor. The monastery church thus became one of the "conventual" cathedrals. Of this building the transepts and two bays of the nave already existed, and in 1170 the nave as it stands to-day (a complete and perfect specimen of late Norman work) was finished. As the bishops succeeded to the principality of St Etheldreda they enjoyed palatine power and great resources.
The Bishops of Ely frequently held high office in the State and the roll includes many names of famous statesmen, including eight Lord Chancellors and six Lord Treasurers. The Bishops of Ely spent much of their wealth on their cathedral, with the result that Ely can show examples of Gothic architecture of many periods. They also had a London residence called Ely Place.
Among the bishops Geoffry Riddell (1174–1189) built the nave and began the west tower, Eustace (1198–1215) the West Porch, while Hugh de Northwold (1229–1254) rebuilt the Norman choir and John Hotham (1316–1337) rebuilt the collapsed central tower – the famous Octagon. Hugh (or Hugo) de Balsham (1258–1286) founded Peterhouse, the first college at the University of Cambridge, while John Alcock (1486–1500) was the founder of Jesus College.
Goodrich was a reformer and during his episcopate the monastery was dissolved. The last bishop in communion with the see of Rome was Thomas Thirlby. Since the Reformation, notable bishops have included Lancelot Andrewes, Matthew Wren, Peter Gunning and Simon Patrick.
List of abbesses and abbots
Convent of sisters (673–870)
- Etheldreda (673–679)
- Seaxburh (sister of Etheldreda; 679–c.699)
- Ermenilda (daughter of Seaxburh and Eorcenberht of Kent; c.699–c.700)
- Werburh (born c.675, daughter of Ermenilda and Wulfhere of Mercia)
- ?
Benedictine monastery (970–1109)
- Brythnoth (970–996/999)
- Ælfsige (996/999–1016)
- Leofwine (1019–1022, 1022–1023)
- Leofric (1022, 1023–1029)
- Leofsige (1029–1044)
- Wulfric (1044 or 1045–1066)
- Thurstan (–1072) – the last Saxon abbot
- Theodwin (secular governor)
- Godfrey (secular governor)
- Simeon (1082–1094) – began building the cathedral
- Ranulf Flambard (as custodian 1093–1100)
- Richard FitzRichard de Clare (1100–1107) – the last abbot
- Hervey, Bishop of Bangor (as custodian 1107–1109)
List of bishops (1109—)
From then on, Ely was under the Bishop of Ely.
Pre-Reformation bishops
| Pre-Reformation Bishops of Ely | |||
|---|---|---|---|
| From | Until | Incumbent | Notes |
| 1109 | 1131 | Hervey le Breton | Translated from Bangor. |
| 1133 | 1169 | Nigel | |
| 1174 | 1189 | Geoffrey Ridel | |
| 1189 | 1197 | William Longchamp | |
| 1198 | 1215 | Eustace | |
| 1215 | 1219 | Robert of York | Election quashed 1219. |
| 1220 | 1225 | John of Fountains | |
| 1225 | 1228 | Geoffrey de Burgh | |
| 1229 | 1254 | Hugh of Northwold | |
| 1255 | 1256 | William of Kilkenny | |
| 1258 | 1286 | Hugh de Balsham | |
| 1286 | 1290 | John Kirkby | |
| 1290 | 1298 | William of Louth | |
| 1298 | 1299 | John Salmon | Monks' candidate; opposed Langton; election quashed. |
| 1298 | 1299 | John Langton | King's candidate; opposed Salmon; election quashed. |
| 1299 | 1302 | Ralph Walpole | Translated from Norwich. |
| 1302 | 1310 | Robert Orford | |
| 1310 | 1316 | John Ketton | |
| 1316 | 1337 | John Hotham | |
| 1337 | 1345 | Simon Montacute | Translated from Worcester. |
| 1345 | 1361 | Thomas de Lisle | |
| 1362 | 1366 | Simon Langham | Translated to Canterbury. |
| 1367 | 1373 | John Barnet | |
| 1374 | 1388 | Thomas Arundel | Translated to York. |
| 1388 | 1425 | John Fordham | Translated from Durham. |
| 1426 | 1435 | Philip Morgan | Translated from Worcester. |
| 1438 | 1443 | Lewis of Luxembourg | Archbishop of Rouen. Held Ely in commendam. |
| 1444 | 1454 | Thomas Bourchier | Translated to Canterbury. |
| 1454 | 1478 | William Grey | |
| 1479 | 1486 | John Morton | Translated to Canterbury. |
| 1486 | 1500 | John Alcock | Translated from Worcester. |
| 1501 | 1505 | Richard Redman | Translated from Exeter. |
| 1506 | 1515 | James Stanley | |
| 1515 | 1533 | Nicholas West | |
| Source(s):[4][5][6][7][8] | |||
Bishops during the Reformation
| Bishops of Ely during the Reformation | |||
|---|---|---|---|
| From | Until | Incumbent | Notes |
| 1534 | 1554 | Thomas Goodrich | Also recorded as Thomas Goodricke. |
| 1554 | 1559 | Thomas Thirlby | Translated from Norwich; deprived on 5 July 1559. |
| Source(s):[4][7][8][9] | |||
Post-Reformation bishops
| Post-Reformation Bishops of Ely | |||
|---|---|---|---|
| From | Until | Incumbent | Notes |
| 1559 | 1581 | Richard Cox | |
| 1600 | 1609 | Martin Heton | |
| 1609 | 1619 | Lancelot Andrewes | Translated from Chichester; translated to Winchester. |
| 1619 | 1628 | Nicholas Felton | Translated from Bristol. |
| 1628 | 1631 | John Buckeridge | Translated from Rochester. |
| 1631 | 1638 | Francis White | Translated from Norwich. |
| 1638 | 1667 | Matthew Wren | Translated from Norwich. |
| 1667 | 1675 | Benjamin Lany | Translated from Lincoln. |
| 1675 | 1684 | Peter Gunning | Translated from Chichester. |
| 1684 | 1691 | Francis Turner | Translated from Rochester. |
| 1691 | 1707 | Simon Patrick | Translated from Chichester. |
| 1707 | 1714 | John Moore | Translated from Norwich. |
| 1714 | 1723 | William Fleetwood | Translated from St Asaph. |
| 1723 | 1738 | Thomas Green | Translated from Norwich. |
| 1738 | 1748 | Robert Butts | Translated from Norwich. |
| 1748 | 1754 | Thomas Gooch | Translated from Norwich. |
| 1754 | 1771 | Matthias Mawson | Translated from Chichester. |
| 1771 | 1781 | Edmund Keene | Translated from Chester. |
| 1781 | 1808 | James Yorke | Translated from Gloucester. |
| 1808 | 1812 | Thomas Dampier | Translated from Rochester. |
| 1812 | 1836 | Bowyer Sparke | Translated from Chester. |
| 1836 | 1845 | Joseph Allen | Translated from Bristol. |
| 1845 | 1864 | Thomas Turton | |
| 1864 | 1873 | Harold Browne | Translated to Winchester. |
| 1873 | 1886 | James Woodford | |
| 1886 | 1905 | Lord Alwyne Compton | |
| 1905 | 1924 | Frederic Chase | |
| 1924 | 1933 | Leonard White-Thomson | |
| 1934 | 1941 | Bernard Heywood | Translated from Hull. |
| 1941 | 1957 | Edward Wynn | |
| 1957 | 1964 | Noel Hudson | Translated from Newcastle. |
| 1964 | 1977 | Edward Roberts | Translated from Kensington. |
| 1977 | 1990 | Peter Walker | Translated from Dorchester. |
| 1990 | 2000 | Stephen Sykes | Resigned |
| 2000 | 2010 | Anthony Russell | Translated from Dorchester. |
| 2010 | present | Stephen Conway | Translated from Ramsbury. |
| Source(s):[4][8][10] | |||
Notes
- ^ Debrett's Peerage, 1968, p.420
- ^ Diocese of Ely, 10 Downing Street website, 31 August 2010.
- ^ [1] Consumption and Pastoral Resources on the Early Medieval Estate, accessed July 12, 2007
- ^ a b c "Historical successions: Ely". Crockford's Clerical Directory. Retrieved 18 July 2012.
- ^ Fryde et al. 1986, Handbook of British Chronology, pp. 244–245.
- ^ Greenway 1971, Bishops of Ely, Fasti Ecclesiae Anglicanae 1066–1300, volume 2, pp. 45–47.
- ^ a b Jones 1962, Bishops of Ely, Fasti Ecclesiae Anglicanae 1300–1541, volume 4, pp. 13–16.
- ^ a b c Horn 1996, Bishops of Ely, Fasti Ecclesiae Anglicanae 1541–1857, volume 7, pp. 7–10.
- ^ Fryde et al. 1986, Handbook of British Chronology, p. 245.
- ^ Fryde et al. 1986, Handbook of British Chronology, pp. 245–246.
References
- Fryde, E. B.; Greenway, D. E.; Porter, S.; Roy, I., eds. (1986). Handbook of British Chronology (3rd, reprinted 2003 ed.). Cambridge: Cambridge University Press. ISBN 0-521-56350-X.
{{cite book}}: Invalid|ref=harv(help) - Greenway, D. E. (1971). "Bishops of Ely". Fasti Ecclesiae Anglicanae 1066–1300. Vol. Volume 2: Monastic Cathedrals (Northern and Southern Provinces). Institute of Historical Research.
{{cite book}}:|volume=has extra text (help); External link in|chapterurl=|ref=harv(help); Unknown parameter|chapterurl=ignored (|chapter-url=suggested) (help) - Jones, B. (1962). "Bishops of Ely". Fasti Ecclesiae Anglicanae 1300–1541. Vol. Volume 4: Monastic Cathedrals (Southern Province). Institute of Historical Research.
{{cite book}}:|volume=has extra text (help); External link in|chapterurl=|ref=harv(help); Unknown parameter|chapterurl=ignored (|chapter-url=suggested) (help) - Horn, J. M. (1996). "Bishops of Ely". Fasti Ecclesiae Anglicanae 1541–1857. Vol. Volume 7: Ely, Norwich, Westminster and Worcester Dioceses. Institute of Historical Research.
{{cite book}}:|volume=has extra text (help); External link in|chapterurl=|ref=harv(help); Unknown parameter|chapterurl=ignored (|chapter-url=suggested) (help)
Further reading
Peter Meadows, ed., Ely: Diocese and Bishops, 1109-2009 (The Boydell Press, 2010).
