Gacko

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Gacko
Гацко
Town and municipality
Gacko
Gacko
Location of Gacko
Location of Gacko
Coordinates: 43°10′N 18°32′E / 43.167°N 18.533°E / 43.167; 18.533Coordinates: 43°10′N 18°32′E / 43.167°N 18.533°E / 43.167; 18.533
Country Bosnia and Herzegovina
Entity Republika Srpska
Geographical regionHerzegovina
Boroughs71 (as of 2008)
Government
 • Municipal mayorOgnjen Milinković (SNSD)
 • Municipality735.88 km2 (284.12 sq mi)
Population
 (2013 census)
 • Town
5,784
 • Municipality
8,990
 • Municipality density12/km2 (32/sq mi)
Time zoneUTC+1 (CET)
 • Summer (DST)UTC+2 (CEST)
Area code(s)59
Klinje lake
Gacko karst field
Gacko

Gacko (Serbian Cyrillic: Гацко) is a town and municipality located in Republika Srpska, an entity of Bosnia and Herzegovina. It is situated in the region of East Herzegovina. As of 2013, the town has a population of 5,784 inhabitants, while the municipality has 8,990 inhabitants.

Geography[edit]

The municipality covers an area of 736 km2 (284 sq mi), making it one of the larger municipalities in Bosnia and Herzegovina.

The town is near the state border with Montenegro.

History[edit]

Middle Ages[edit]

In the 14th century the region was governed by the powerful Vojinović family.[1]

In 1359, veliki čelnik Dimitrije held the region.[2]

Ottoman period[edit]

During the First Serbian Uprising, the Serb rebels were defeated at the field of Gacko. It ultimately failed due to lack of foreign support.[3]

Modern history[edit]

Austro-Hungarian authorities took it over in 1878, a decision which was made at the Berlin Congress. In 1908, Austria-Hungary annexed Bosnia and Herzegovina sparking the Bosnian crisis which eventually led to World War I.

After that war, Gacko joined the State of Serbs, Croats and Slovenes, going on to the Kingdom of Serbs, Croats and Slovenes by the end of 1918. These were the first incarnations of Yugoslavia.

Croatian fascist Ustaše movement committed the Gacko massacre on 4 June 1941. In response, on 6 June 1941 the rebels from Gacko under command of Orthodox priest Radojica Perišić started the uprising against the genocidal Independent State of Croatia known as June 1941 uprising in eastern Herzegovina. The communist historiography intentionally ignored pre-22 June rebels in Eastern Herzegovina and Sanski Most because they occurred in the period of collaboration between communists and fascists, so it would contradict the communist narrative about rebels being led by communists.[4] On the other hand, the first Partisan battalion established in Gacko at the end of 1941 was named "6th June" in honor of the first date of the uprising.[5] In period after the Fall of the Berlin Wall Gacko municipality proclaimed 6 June as their holiday in honor of the beginning of the uprising and held public ceremonies on 6 June named as the Day of Gacko.[6]

Settlements[edit]

Aside from the town of Gacko, the municipality includes the following settlements:

Demographics[edit]

Population[edit]

Population of settlements – Gacko municipality
Settlement 1879. 1885. 1895. 1910. 1921. 1931. 1948. 1953. 1961. 1971. 1981. 1991. 2013.
Total 9,295 10,582 12,675 15,107 13,667 15,235 14,424 14,628 13,296 12,033 10,279 10,788 8,990
1 Avtovac 594 261
2 Dobrelji 143 257
3 Gacko 1,527 5,911 1,368 1,604 2,602 4,584 5,784
4 Lipnik 253 214
5 Miholjače 334 604

Ethnic composition[edit]

Parish home
Serbian Orthodox Church in Dobrelji
Church of St. Elijah in Nadinići
Serbian traditional clothing from Gacko
Ethnic composition – Gacko town
2013. 1991. 1981. 1971.
Total 5,784 (100,0%) 4,584 (100,0%) 2,602 (100,0%) 1,604 (100,0%)
Bosniaks 2,253 (49,15%) 1,235 (47,46%) 776 (48,38%)
Serbs 2,144 (46,77%) 1,100 (42,28%) 776 (48,38%)
Others 81 (1,767%) 10 (0,384%) 6 (0,374%)
Yugoslavs 78 (1,702%) 207 (7,955%) 15 (0,935%)
Croats 28 (0,611%) 17 (0,653%) 10 (0,623%)
Montenegrins 31 (1,191%) 20 (1,247%)
Macedonians 1 (0,038%)
Albanians 1 (0,038%)
Slovenes 1 (0,062%)
Ethnic composition – Gacko municipality
2013. 1991. 1981. 1971.
Total 8,990 (100,0%) 10,788 (100,0%) 10,279 (100,0%) 12,033 (100,0%)
Serbs 8,556 (95,17%) 6,661 (61,74%) 6,215 (60,46%) 7,634 (63,44%)
Bosniaks 369 (4,105%) 3,858 (35,76%) 3,424 (33,31%) 4,184 (34,77%)
Others 50 (0,556%) 156 (1,446%) 22 (0,214%) 33 (0,274%)
Croats 15 (0,167%) 29 (0,269%) 21 (0,204%) 15 (0,125%)
Yugoslavs 84 (0,779%) 380 (3,697%) 20 (0,166%)
Montenegrins 215 (2,092%) 142 (1,180%)
Macedonians 1 (0,010%) 3 (0,025%)
Albanians 1 (0,010%) 1 (0,008%)
Slovenes 1 (0,008%)

Economy[edit]

Dam on Klinje Lake is the biggest in the municipality
Gacko Power Plant

The Gacko coal mine and thermoelectric powerplant is located the municipality, and is also the largest employer in the area.

The following table gives a preview of total number of registered people employed in legal entities per their core activity (as of 2018):[7]

Activity Total
Agriculture, forestry and fishing 28
Mining and quarrying 682
Manufacturing 31
Electricity, gas, steam and air conditioning supply 1,246
Water supply; sewerage, waste management and remediation activities 129
Construction 230
Wholesale and retail trade, repair of motor vehicles and motorcycles 155
Transportation and storage 78
Accommodation and food services 75
Information and communication 16
Financial and insurance activities 21
Real estate activities -
Professional, scientific and technical activities 15
Administrative and support service activities 2
Public administration and defense; compulsory social security 183
Education 185
Human health and social work activities 79
Arts, entertainment and recreation 39
Other service activities 36
Total 3,230

Sport[edit]

The local football club, FK Mladost Gacko, plays in the First League of the Republika Srpska.

Notable people[edit]

See also[edit]

References[edit]

  1. ^ Fine, John Van Antwerp Jr. (1994). The Late Medieval Balkans: A Critical Survey from the Late Twelfth Century to the Ottoman Conquest. University of Michigan Press. p. 53. ISBN 978-0-472-08260-5.
  2. ^ SANU (1908). Glas. Vol. 78–80. SANU. p. 196.
  3. ^ Ćorović, Vladimir (2001) [1997]. "Преокрет у држању Срба". Историја српског народа (in Serbian). Belgrade: Јанус.
  4. ^ Mandić, Petar. "Prva puška hercegovačka". Novosti. Večernje Novosti. Retrieved 28 April 2020.
  5. ^ Književnost. Prosveta. 2004. p. 7. Да је овај Устанак почео 6. а не 7. јуна, зна се и по томе што се први партизански батаљон, који је настао у Гацку крајем 1941. године, звао Батаљон 6. јун
  6. ^ Crnogorac, Svetozar. "DAN ZA ISTORIJU – 6. JUN 1941: Hercegovci započeli prvi ustanak u porobljenoj Evropi". Herceg TV. Herceg TV. Retrieved 28 April 2020.
  7. ^ "Cities and Municipalities of Republika Srpska" (PDF). rzs.rs.ba. Republika Srspka Institute of Statistics. 25 December 2019. Retrieved 31 December 2019.

Bibliography[edit]

External links[edit]

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