Hastings (New Zealand electorate)

Hastings was a parliamentary electorate in the Hawke's Bay region of New Zealand from 1946 to 1996. The electorate was represented by nine Members of Parliament. The Hastings electorate was a typical bellwether electorate, frequently changing between the two main parties.

Population centres

The 1941 New Zealand census had been postponed due to World War II, so the 1946 electoral redistribution had to take ten years of population growth and movements into account. The North Island gained a further two electorates from the South Island due to faster population growth. The abolition of the country quota through the Electoral Amendment Act, 1945 reduced the number and increased the size of rural electorates. None of the existing electorates remained unchanged, 27 electorates were abolished, eight former electorates were re-established, and 19 electorates were created for the first time, including Hastings.^[1] The towns of Hastings and Havelock North have always been located within the electorate until the 1987 electoral redistribution, whereas the nearby Fernhill was always included in the adjacent Hawke's Bay electorate.^[2]^[3]

History

The first representative was Edward Luttrell Cullen of the Labour Party.^[4] At the 1949 election, Cullen was defeated by Sydney Jones of the National Party.^[5] After two electoral terms, Jones was in turn defeated by Labour's Edwin Keating, who served until his defeat in 1960.^[6] Subsequent office holders were Duncan MacIntyre (1960-1972), Richard Mayson (1972-1975), Robert Fenton (1975-1978), David Butcher (1978-1990), Jeff Whittaker (1990-1993), and Rick Barker (1993-1996).^[7]

Members of Parliament

The Hastings electorate was represented by nine Members of Parliament:^[7]

Key

Labour National

Election	Winner
1946 election	width=5 bgcolor=Template:New Zealand Labour Party/meta/color\|	Edward Cullen
1949 election	rowspan=2 bgcolor=Template:New Zealand National Party/meta/color\|	Sydney Jones
1951 election		Sydney Jones
1954 election	rowspan=2 bgcolor=Template:New Zealand Labour Party/meta/color\|	Edwin Keating
1957 election		Edwin Keating
1960 election	rowspan=4 bgcolor=Template:New Zealand National Party/meta/color\|	Duncan MacIntyre
1963 election
1966 election
1969 election
1972 election	bgcolor=Template:New Zealand Labour Party/meta/color\|	Richard Mayson
1975 election	bgcolor=Template:New Zealand National Party/meta/color\|	Robert Fenton
1978 election	rowspan=4 bgcolor=Template:New Zealand Labour Party/meta/color\|	David Butcher
1981 election
1984 election
1987 election
1990 election	bgcolor=Template:New Zealand National Party/meta/color\|	Jeff Whittaker
1993 election	bgcolor=Template:New Zealand Labour Party/meta/color\|	Rick Barker
(Electorate abolished in 1996; see Tukituki)

Election results

1993 election

General election, 1993: Hastings^[8]
Party		Candidate	Votes	%	±%
	Labour	Rick Barker	9,000	45.0
	National	Cynthia Bowers	6,429	32.1
	Alliance	Pat Weir	2,689	13.4
	NZ First	John Waitere	932	4.6
	Christian Heritage	Rex Jones	640	3.2
	McGillicuddy Serious	John Morrison	128	0.6
	Independent	Geoffrey Charters	104	0.5	−0.6
	Natural Law	Martin Ouseley	66	0.3
Majority			2,571	12.8
Turnout			19,988

1990 election

General election, 1990: Hastings^[9]
Party		Candidate	Votes	%	±%
	National	Jeff Whittaker	9,132	45.9	+3.7
	Labour	David Butcher	8,404	42.2	−11.6
	Green	M D Ball	1,246	6.2
	NewLabour	G L Maher	688	3.4
	Independent	Geoffrey Charters	223	1.1
	Democrats	M C Sanders	176	0.8	−3.0
Majority			728	3.6
Turnout			19,869

1987 election

General election, 1987: Hastings^[10]
Party		Candidate	Votes	%	±%
	Labour	David Butcher	10,879	53.8	+2.6
	National	Jeff Whittaker	8,572	42.2
	Democrats	M C Sanders	758	3.8
Majority			2,307	11.4	−8.2
Turnout			22,544	91.9	−3.1

1984 election

General election, 1984: Hastings^[10]
Party		Candidate	Votes	%	±%
	Labour	David Butcher	11,179	51.2	+5.9
	National	P D Brown	6,906	31.6
	NZ Party	Sara Slavin	2,803	12.9
	Social Credit	John Rabarts	938	4.3
Majority			4,273	19.6	+10.7
Turnout			23,423	95.0	+3.3

1981 election

General election, 1981: Hastings^[10]
Party		Candidate	Votes	%	±%
	Labour	David Butcher	9,453	45.3	+7.9
	National	Hamish Kynoch	7,608	36.4
	Social Credit	Gary Clover	3,764	18.0
	Independent	A J L D Wedekind	68	0.3
Majority			1,845	8.9	+7.3
Turnout			22,857	91.7	+19.8

1978 election

General election, 1978: Hastings^[10]
Party		Candidate	Votes	%	±%
	Labour	David Butcher	7,748	37.4
	National	Robert Fenton	7,414	35.8	−9.5
	Social Credit	Jeremy Dwyer	5,373	26.0	+17.1
	Values	C L Amery	148	0.7
	Independent	R MacGregor	20	0.1
Majority			334	1.6
Turnout			28,972	71.9	−14.0

1975 election

General election, 1975: Hastings^[10]
Party		Candidate	Votes	%	±%
	National	Robert Fenton	9,071	45.3
	Labour	Richard Mayson	8,580	42.9	−7.5
	Social Credit	Jeremy Dwyer	1,788	8.9
	Values	Graeme Cook	587	2.9
Majority			491	2.4
Turnout			23,415	85.9	−5.4

1972 election

General election, 1972: Hastings^[10]
Party		Candidate	Votes	%	±%
	Labour	Richard Mayson	9,117	50.4	+5.8
	National	Duncan MacIntyre	7,969	44.0	−4.7
	Social Credit	G N Whitcombe	663	3.6	−3.1
	Values	Robin Duff	304	1.7
	New Democratic	G A Dick	50	0.3
Majority			1,148	6.4
Turnout			19,918	91.3

1969 election

General election, 1969: Hastings^[11]
Party		Candidate	Votes	%	±%
	National	Duncan MacIntyre	8,458	48.7	−2.6
	Labour	Richard Mayson	7,752	44.6
	Social Credit	G N Whitcombe	1,163	6.7	−6.0
Majority			706	4.1	−8.6
Turnout			19,321	90.4	+1.2

1966 election

General election, 1966: Hastings^[11]
Party		Candidate	Votes	%	±%
	National	Duncan MacIntyre	8,626	51.3	−1.6
	Labour	Sonja Davies	6,497	38.6
	Social Credit	G N Whitcombe	1,695	10.1
Majority			2,129	12.7	+0.9
Turnout			18,973	89.2	−3.6

1963 election

General election, 1963: Hastings^[11]
Party		Candidate	Votes	%	±%
	National	Duncan MacIntyre	8,719	52.9	+5.9
	Labour	Edwin Keating	6,775	41.1	−4.2
	Social Credit	George Thew	978	6.0	−1.7
Majority			1,944	11.8	+10.1
Turnout			17,804	92.8	+0.3

1960 election

General election, 1960: Hastings^[11]
Party		Candidate	Votes	%	±%
	National	Duncan MacIntyre	7,965	47.0
	Labour	Edwin Keating	7,665	45.3	−5.6
	Social Credit	George Thew	1,302	7.7	+2.8
Majority			300	1.7
Turnout			18,379	92.5	−1.7

1957 election

General election, 1957: Hastings^[11]
Party		Candidate	Votes	%	±%
	Labour	Edwin Keating	8,146	50.9	+4.3
	National	Arthur Heary Sievewright	7,076	44.2
	Social Credit	George Thew	782	4.9	−3.5
Majority			1,070	6.7	+5.1
Turnout			17,081	94.2	−0.2

1954 election

General election, 1954: Hastings^[11]
Party		Candidate	Votes	%	±%
	Labour	Edwin Keating	7,087	46.6
	National	Sydney Jones	6,835	45.0	−8.7
	Social Credit	George Thew	1,280	8.4
Majority			252	1.6
Turnout			16,199	94.4	+4.8

1951 election

General election, 1951: Hastings^[12]
Party		Candidate	Votes	%	±%
	National	Sydney Jones	8,198	53.7	+0.4
	Labour	H E Beattie	7,060	46.3
Majority			1,138	7.4	+0.8
Turnout			17,090	89.6	−3.8

1949 election

General election, 1949: Hastings^[13]
Party		Candidate	Votes	%	±%
	National	Sydney Jones	7,965	53.3
	Labour	Edward Cullen	6,983	46.7	−5.0
Majority			982	6.6
Turnout			16,097	93.4	−1.0

1946 election

General election, 1946: Hastings^[14]
Party		Candidate	Votes	%
	Labour	Edward Cullen	7,292	51.7
	National	Eric Pryor	6,809	48.3
Majority			483	3.4
Turnout			14,904	94.4

Notes

^ McRobie 1989, pp. 91–96.
^ McRobie 1989, pp. 94–127.
^ Note that the source was printed in 1989; Havelock North may or may not have fallen within the electorate following subsequent electoral redistributions.
^ Wilson 1985, p. 191.
^ Wilson 1985, pp. 191, 209.
^ Wilson 1985, pp. 209, 215.
^ ^a ^b Wilson 1985, p. 264.
^ Part 1: Votes recorded at each polling place (Technical report). New Zealand Chief Electoral Office. 1993.
^ Part 1: Votes recorded at each polling place (Technical report). New Zealand Chief Electoral Office. 1990.
^ ^a ^b ^c ^d ^e ^f Norton 1988, pp. 236.
^ ^a ^b ^c ^d ^e ^f Norton 1988, pp. 235.
^ "The New Zealand Official Year-Book, 1951–52". Statistics New Zealand. Archived from the original on 23 June 2012. Retrieved 19 November 2012. {{cite web}}: Unknown parameter |deadurl= ignored (|url-status= suggested) (help)
^ "The General Election, 1949". National Library. 1950. pp. 1–5, 8. Retrieved 3 January 2014.
^ "The General Election, 1946". National Library. 1947. pp. 1–11, 14. Retrieved 1 January 2014.

References

McRobie, Alan (1989). Electoral Atlas of New Zealand. Wellington: GP Books. ISBN 0-477-01384-8. {{cite book}}: Invalid |ref=harv (help)
Wilson, James Oakley (1985) [First published in 1913]. New Zealand Parliamentary Record, 1840–1984 (4th ed.). Wellington: V.R. Ward, Govt. Printer. OCLC 154283103. {{cite book}}: Invalid |ref=harv (help)
Norton, Clifford (1988). New Zealand Parliamentary Election Results 1946–1987: Occasional Publications No 1, Department of Political Science. Wellington: Victoria University of Wellington. ISBN 0-475-11200-8. {{cite book}}: Invalid |ref=harv (help)

[FOOTNOTEMcRobie198991–96-1] McRobie 1989, pp. 91–96.

[FOOTNOTEMcRobie198994–127-2] McRobie 1989, pp. 94–127.

[3] Note that the source was printed in 1989; Havelock North may or may not have fallen within the electorate following subsequent electoral redistributions.

[FOOTNOTEWilson1985191-4] Wilson 1985, p. 191.

[FOOTNOTEWilson1985191,_209-5] Wilson 1985, pp. 191, 209.

[FOOTNOTEWilson1985209,_215-6] Wilson 1985, pp. 209, 215.

[FOOTNOTEWilson1985264-7] Wilson 1985, p. 264.

[8] Part 1: Votes recorded at each polling place (Technical report). New Zealand Chief Electoral Office. 1993.

[9] Part 1: Votes recorded at each polling place (Technical report). New Zealand Chief Electoral Office. 1990.

[FOOTNOTENorton1988236-10] ^ ^a ^b ^c ^d ^e ^f Norton 1988, pp. 236.

[FOOTNOTENorton1988235-11] ^ ^a ^b ^c ^d ^e ^f Norton 1988, pp. 235.

[12] "The New Zealand Official Year-Book, 1951–52". Statistics New Zealand. Archived from the original on 23 June 2012. Retrieved 19 November 2012. {{cite web}}: Unknown parameter |deadurl= ignored (|url-status= suggested) (help)

[13] "The General Election, 1949". National Library. 1950. pp. 1–5, 8. Retrieved 3 January 2014.

[14] "The General Election, 1946". National Library. 1947. pp. 1–11, 14. Retrieved 1 January 2014.

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