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List of Vega launches

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Vega rocket before liftoff with Sentinel-2A

Vega was an expendable launch system in use by Arianespace which was jointly developed by the Italian Space Agency (ASI) and the European Space Agency (ESA). Development began in 1998 and the first launch took place from the Guiana Space Centre on 13 February 2012.[1]

It is designed to launch small payloads — 300 to 2,500 kilograms (660 to 5,510 lb) satellites for scientific and Earth observation missions to polar and low Earth orbits.[2] The reference Vega mission is a polar orbit bringing a spacecraft of 1,500 kilograms (3,300 lb) to an altitude of 700 kilometres (430 mi).

The rocket, named after the star Vega,[3] is a single-body launcher (no strap-on boosters) with three solid rocket stages: the P80 first stage, the Zefiro 23 second stage, and the Zefiro 9 third stage. The upper module is a liquid rocket called AVUM. The improved version of the P80 stage, the P120C, is also used as the side boosters of the Ariane 6. Italy is the leading contributor to the Vega program (65%), followed by France (13%).[4] Other participants include Spain, Belgium, the Netherlands, Switzerland and Sweden.[5]

Launch statistics

[edit]

Rocket configurations

[edit]
1
2
3
'12
'13
'14
'15
'16
'17
'18
'19
'20
'21
'22
'23
'24
  •   Vega
  •   Vega C
  •   Vega C (scheduled)

Launch outcomes

[edit]
1
2
3
'12
'13
'14
'15
'16
'17
'18
'19
'20
'21
'22
'23
'24
  •   Failure
  •   Success
  •   Scheduled

Orbits

[edit]
1
2
3
'12
'13
'14
'15
'16
'17
'18
'19
'20
'21
'22
'23
'24

Past launches

[edit]

Note: Date and time of start (as count-down zero, ignition or lift-off?) is listed in UTC. (Although local time at Guiana Space Centre (CSG) in Kourou, French Guiana, South America is UTC–3.)

2013–2019

[edit]
Flight Date / time (UTC) [6] Rocket Launch site Payload Payload mass Orbit Customer Launch Outcome
VV01 13 February 2012
10:00:00 		Vega ELV
LEO University of Bologna[7] Success[citation needed]
First Vega launch; Geodetic and Nanosatellite;
VV02 7 May 2013
02:06:31 		Vega ELV
254.83 kg (561.8 lb) [8] SSO
Success
First commercial launch; Earth observation satellite;[9][10]
VV03 30 April 2014
01:35:15 		Vega ELV KazEOSat 1 830 kg (1,830 lb) [11] SSO KGS Success[citation needed]
Earth observation satellite [12]
VV04 11 February 2015
13:40:00 		Vega ELV IXV 1,845 kg (4,068 lb) [13] TAO ESA Success[citation needed]
Reentry technology demonstration; IXV deployed into a transatmospheric orbit, AVUM briefly entered a low Earth orbit before performing targeted de-orbit.[14][15][16][17][18]
VV05 23 June 2015
01:51:58 		Vega ELV Sentinel-2A 1,130 kg (2,490 lb) [19] SSO ESA Success
Earth observation satellite [20][21][22][23]
VV06 3 December 2015
04:04:00 		Vega ELV LISA Pathfinder 1,906 kg (4,202 lb) [24] Halo orbit Earth–Sun L1 ESA / NASA Success
Technology demonstrator[25][26]
VV07 16 September 2016
01:43:35 		Vega ELV
870 kg (1,920 lb)[27] SSO
Success
Reconnaissance satellite / Earth observation satellite[28][29]
VV08 5 December 2016
13:51:44 		Vega ELV Göktürk-1A 1,060 kg (2,340 lb)[30] SSO Turkish Armed Forces Success
Earth observation satellite [31] (IMINT, Reconnaissance)
VV09 7 March 2017
01:49:24 		Vega ELV Sentinel-2B 1,130 kg (2,490 lb)[32] SSO ESA Success
Earth observation satellite[33][34]
VV10 2 August 2017
01:58:33 		Vega ELV
632 kg (1,393 lb)[35] SSO
Success
IMINT Earth observation satellite[36]
VV11 8 November 2017
01:42:31 		Vega ELV Mohammed VI-A (MN35-13A) 1,110 kg (2,450 lb)[37] SSO Morocco Success
Earth observation satellite[38]
VV12 22 August 2018
21:20:09 [39] 		Vega ELV ADM-Aeolus[40][41][42] 1,357 kg (2,992 lb) [43] SSO ESA Success
Weather satellite
VV13 21 November 2018
01:42:31 [44] 		Vega ELV Mohammed VI-B (MN35-13B) [44] 1,108 kg (2,443 lb) [45] SSO Morocco Success
Earth observation satellite
VV14 22 March 2019
01:50:35 [46] 		Vega ELV PRISMA[47] 879 kg (1,938 lb) [48] SSO Italian Space Agency Success
Earth observation satellite
VV15 11 July 2019
01:53 		Vega ELV Falcon Eye 1 1,197 kg (2,639 lb) SSO UAEAF[49] Failure [50]
IMINT (Reconnaissance) – The VV15 launch failure was possibly caused by a thermal protection design flaw on the second stage's forward dome area,[51] and led to reassignment of the FalconEye 2 launch.[52][53] This also led to the highest recorded amount (US$411.21 million) for an insurance claim for a satellite launch failure.[54]

2020–present

[edit]
Flight Date / time (UTC) Rocket Launch site Payload Payload mass Orbit Customers Launch
Outcome
VV16 3 September 2020
01:51:10 [55] 		Vega ELV SSMS PoC Flight (53 satellites) SSO Various Success
Technology demonstration: launch of the Small Satellites Mission Service Dispenser (SSMS Dispenser) proof of concept flight carrying 53 microsatellites and CubeSats.[56]
VV17 17 November 2020
01:52:20 [57] 		Vega ELV SEOSat-Ingenio and TARANIS 925 kg (2,039 lb) SSO CDTI and CNES Failure
Earth observation satellite[58] and Study of the atmosphere of the Earth.[59] After ignition of the AVUM upper stage, a trajectory deviation caused failure. Satellites were valued at nearly US$400 million.[60] An assembly error (inverted control cable) was the suspected cause.[60]
VV18 29 April 2021
01:50 [61] 		Vega ELV
1,278 kg (2,818 lb) SSO
Success
Small Satellites Mission Service (SSMS) piggyback mission.
VV19 17 August 2021
01:47 [62] 		Vega ELV
1,029 kg (2,269 lb) SSO
Success
Small Satellites Mission Service (SSMS) piggyback mission.
VV20 16 November 2021
09:27:55[63] 		Vega ELV CERES 1/2/3 1,548 kg (3,413 lb) Semi-synchronous CNES/DGA Success
SIGINT satellites.[64]
VV21 13 July 2022
13:13:17[65] 		Vega C ELV
  • LARES 2
  • ALPHA
  • AstroBio CubeSat
  • CELESTA
  • GreenCube
  • MTCube-2
  • TRISAT-R
 350 kg (770 lb) MEO
Success
First flight of Vega C
VV22 21 December 2022
01:47:31[66] 		Vega C ELV Pléiades Neo 5 & 6 1,977 kg (4,359 lb) SSO Airbus Defence and Space Failure
Earth observation satellites.[67] Failure due to loss of pressure of the Zefiro 40 second stage.[68]
VV23 9 October 2023
01:36[69] 		Vega ELV
SSO
Success
Earth observation satellites and Small Satellites Mission Service (SSMS) #5 rideshare mission with 10 cubesats. Two cubesats, ANSER-Leader and ESTCube-2, failed to separate from the payload adapter and likely burned in the atmosphere together with the adapter when it was deorbited.[70]
VV24 5 September 2024
01:50 		Vega ELV Sentinel-2C 1,143 kg (2,520 lb) SSO Airbus Defence and Space Success
Final flight of the base Vega configuration. Third Sentinel-2 Earth observation satellite.[71] The AVUM upper stage utilizes two propellant tanks from the larger AVUM+ upper stage of the Vega C rocket. These tanks underwent modifications after two of the original four tanks were discovered missing in 2023 and subsequently found crushed in a nearby landfill, rendering them unusable.[72][73]

Future launches

[edit]
Date / time (UTC) [6] Rocket Launch site Payload Orbit
3 December 2024
21:20[74] 		Vega C
VV25 		ELV Sentinel-1C SSO
Third Sentinel-1 satellite. Return to flight for Vega C following the VV22 launch failure.[75]
Q1 2025[76] Vega C
VV26 		ELV BIOMASS SSO
Earth observation satellite. Part of the Living Planet Programme.
Q2 2025[77] Vega C
VV27 		ELV CO3D × 4 SSO
Earth observation satellites
Q3 2025[78] Vega C
VV28 		ELV SMILE HEO
Joint Chinese-European Earth observation satellite.
October 2025[79] Vega C
VV29 		ELV Sentinel-1D SSO
Fourth Sentinel-1 satellite.
Q3 2025[80] Vega C ELV KOMPSAT-6 (Arirang-6) SSO
Earth observation satellite.
Q3 2025[81] Vega C ELV SSMS #9 LEO
SSMS #9 rideshare mission. Delayed due to the VV22 Vega-C launch failure.[75]
Q3 2025[81] Vega C ELV SSMS #7 SSO
SSMS #7 rideshare mission.
Q3 2025[82] Vega C[79] ELV Sentinel-3C SSO
Third Sentinel-3 Earth observation satellite.[83]
Q3 2025[84] Vega C ELV Space Rider LEO
Technology demonstration[85]
Q3 2025[81] Vega C ELV SSMS #13 SSO
SSMS #13 rideshare mission.
November 2025[86] Vega C ELV PLATiNO-2 / MAIA SSO
PLATiNO-2 will host the MAIA instrument payload.
Q4 2025[87] Vega C ELV IRIDE × ? LEO
First launch for the Italian IRIDE Earth observation satellite constellation.
Q4 2025[87] Vega C ELV IRIDE × ? LEO
Second launch for the Italian IRIDE Earth observation satellite constellation.
2025[81] Vega C ELV SSMS #8 SSO
SSMS #8 rideshare mission.
TBD[88] Vega C ELV PLATiNO-1 SSO
Earth observation satellite.
2025[81] Vega C ELV SSMS #6 SSO
SSMS #6 rideshare mission.
2025[81] Vega C ELV SSMS #10 SSO
SSMS #10 rideshare mission.
2025[89] Vega C ELV CSG-3 SSO
Third COSMO-SkyMed 2nd Generation satellite.
2025[90] Vega C ELV MicroCarb SSO
Earth observation satellite.
2025[91][92] Vega C[93] ELV SHALOM SSO
Joint Italian-Israeli hyperspectral imaging satellite.
January 2026[94] Vega C ELV KOMPSAT-7 (Arirang-7) SSO
Earth observation satellite[95][96]
Q2 2026[81] Vega C ELV SSMS #14 SSO
SSMS #14 rideshare mission.
Q3 2026[81] Vega C ELV SSMS #15 LEO
SSMS #15 rideshare mission to an equatorial orbit.
Q3 2026[81] Vega C ELV SSMS #16 LEO
SSMS #16 rideshare mission to an equatorial orbit.
Q4 2026[82] Vega C[79] ELV CO2M-A (Sentinel-7A) SSO
Copernicus Anthropogenic Carbon Dioxide Monitoring. Part of the Copernicus Programme.
2026[97] Vega C ELV ALTIUS, FLEX SSO
ALTIUS is an ozone observation satellite. FLEX is an Earth observation satellite of the Living Planet Programme.
2026[98] Vega C ELV ClearSpace-1 LEO
Space debris removal demo.
2026[99] Vega C ELV CSG-4 SSO
Fourth COSMO-SkyMed 2nd Generation satellite.
2026[100] Vega C ELV EAGLE-1 LEO
Demonstrator satellite for the first European sovereign space-based quantum key distribution system.[101]
Q1 2027[82] Vega C[79] ELV CO2M-B (Sentinel-7B) SSO
Copernicus Anthropogenic Carbon Dioxide Monitoring. Part of the Copernicus Programme.
Q2 2027[81] Vega C ELV SSMS #17 LEO
SSMS #17 rideshare mission.
2027[102][103] Vega C[104] ELV FORUM SSO
Earth observation satellite. Part of the Living Planet Programme.
Q2 2028[81] Vega C ELV SSMS #18 LEO
SSMS #18 rideshare mission.
Q4 2028[82] Vega C[105] ELV CRISTAL (Sentinel-9) Polar
Copernicus Polar Ice and Snow Topography Altimeter. Part of the Copernicus Programme.
Q4 2028[81] Vega C ELV SSMS #19 LEO
SSMS #19 rideshare mission.
2028[82] Vega C[106] ELV Sentinel-3D SSO
Fourth Sentinel-3 Earth observation satellite.[83]
Q2 2029[81] Vega C ELV SSMS #20 LEO
SSMS #20 rideshare mission.
Q3 2029[82] Vega C[107] ELV CIMR-A (Sentinel-11A) SSO
Copernicus Imaging Microwave Radiometer. Part of the Copernicus Programme.
Q4 2029[81] Vega C ELV SSMS #21 LEO
SSMS #21 rideshare mission.
2029[107] Vega C ELV CHIME (Sentinel-10) SSO
Copernicus Hyperspectral Imaging Mission. Part of the Copernicus Programme.
2029[107] Vega C ELV LSTM (Sentinel-8) SSO
Copernicus Land Surface Temperature Monitoring. Part of the Copernicus Programme.
2030[108] Vega C ELV TRUTHS LEO
Traceable Radiometry Underpinning Terrestrial- and Helio-Studies.

See also

[edit]

Notes

[edit]

References

[edit]
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  2. ^ Amos, Jonathan (13 February 2012). "Vega launcher makes first flight". BBC News. Retrieved 13 February 2012.
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  4. ^ Svitak, Amy (6 February 2012). "European Vega Small-Class Launcher Targets Government Market". Aviation Week. Retrieved 11 March 2010.
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  102. ^ "Contract secures design for ESA's FORUM satellite". ESA. 28 June 2022. Retrieved 28 June 2022.
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  104. ^ "Earth Explorer 9 Candidate Mission FORUM – Report for Mission Selection" (PDF). ESA. 21 June 2019. Retrieved 30 April 2021.
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  108. ^ "TRUTHS". ESA. Retrieved 16 June 2023.
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