List of sovereign states in 1941
| Sovereign states by year | ||
|---|---|---|
| List of sovereign states in 1940 | Events of 1941 | List of sovereign states in 1942 |
This is a list of every sovereign state that existed in the year 1941 and their capitals. It includes not only those states which had widespread international recognition, but also those states which were generally unrecognized. In addition, it includes all non-sovereign territories which were not integral parts of sovereign states.
Sovereign states
League of Nations member states are indicated by [LoN]
A
Afghanistan - Kingdom of Afghanistan [LoN]
Capital: Kabul
Andorra - Principality of Andorra
Capital: Andorra la Vella
Argentina - Argentine Republic [LoN]
Capital: Buenos Aires
Australia - Commonwealth of Australia (Dominion of the British Empire) [LoN]
Capital: Canberra
B
Bolivia - Republic of Bolivia
Capital: Sucre (official), La Paz (administrative)
Brazil - Republic of the United States of Brazil
Capital: Rio de Janeiro
Bulgaria - Kingdom of Bulgaria [LoN]
Capital: Sofia
C
Canada - Dominion of Canada [LoN]
Capital: Ottawa
Chile - Republic of Chile [LoN]
Capital: Santiago
China - Republic of China [LoN]
Capital: Chongqing
Colombia - Republic of Colombia [LoN]
Capital: Bogotá
Costa Rica - Republic of Costa Rica [LoN]
Capital: San José
Cuba - Republic of Cuba [LoN]
Capital: Havana
D
Dominican Republic [LoN]
Capital: Santo Domingo
E
Ecuador - Republic of Ecuador [LoN]
Capital: Quito
Egypt - Kingdom of Egypt [LoN]
Capital: Cairo
El Salvador - Republic of El Salvador
Capital: San Salvador
Ethiopia - Ethiopian Empire (from May 5) [LoN]
Capital: Addis Ababa
F
G
Germany - German Reich
Capital: Berlin
Greece - Kingdom of Greece (to April 6)
Capital: Athens
Guatemala - Republic of Guatemala
Capital: Guatemala City
H
Haiti - Republic of Haiti
Capital: Port-au-Prince
Honduras - Republic of Honduras
Capital: Tegucigalpa
Hungary - Kingdom of Hungary
Capital: Budapest
I
Iceland - Kingdom of Iceland
Capital: Reykjavík
Iran - Imperial State of Iran
Capital: Tehran
Iraq - Kingdom of Iraq [LoN]
Capital: Baghdad
Ireland [LoN]
Capital: Dublin
Italy - Kingdom of Italy
Capital: Rome
J
L
Liberia - Republic of Liberia [LoN]
Capital: Monrovia
Liechtenstein - Principality of Liechtenstein
Capital: Vaduz
M
Mexico - United Mexican States
Capital: Mexico City
Monaco - Principality of Monaco
Capital: Monaco-Ville
Mongolia - Mongolian People's Republic
Capital: Ulaanbaatar
N
Nepal - Kingdom of Nepal
Capital: Kathmandu
New Zealand - Dominion of New Zealand (Dominion of the British Empire) [LoN]
Capital: Wellington
Nicaragua - Republic of Nicaragua [LoN]
Capital: Abuja
P
Panama - Republic of Panama [LoN]
Capital: Panama City
Paraguay - Republic of Paraguay [LoN]
Capital: Asunción
Peru - Peruvian Republic
Capital: Lima
Portugal - Portuguese Republic [LoN]
Capital: Lisbon
R
S
San Marino - Most Serene Republic of San Marino
Capital: City of San Marino
Saudi Arabia - Kingdom of Saudi Arabia
Capital: Riyadh
South Africa - Union of South Africa [LoN]
Capital: Pretoria (administrative), Cape Town (legislative), Bloemfontein (judicial)
Soviet Union - Union of Soviet Socialist Republics
Capital: Moscow
Spain - Spanish State
Capital: Madrid
Sweden - Kingdom of Sweden [LoN]
Capital: Stockholm
Switzerland - Swiss Confederation [LoN]
Capital: Bern
T
Thailand - Kingdom of Thailand [LoN]
Capital: Bangkok
Turkey - Republic of Turkey [LoN]
Capital: Ankara
U
United Kingdom - United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland [LoN]
Capital: London
United States - United States of America
Capital: Washington, D.C.
Uruguay - Oriental Republic of Uruguay [LoN]
Capital: Montevideo
V
Vatican City - Vatican City State
Capital: Vatican City
Venezuela - United States of Venezuela
Capital: Caracas
Y
Yemen - Mutawakkilite Kingdom of Yemen
Capital: Sana'a
Yugoslavia - Kingdom of Yugoslavia (to April 17)
Capital: Belgrade
Occupied states
Belgium - Metropolitan kingdom occupied by Germany, but country not annexed
Denmark - Kingdom of Denmark, occupied by Germany- Netherlands - Metropole occupied by Germany, but country not annexed
- Norway - Metropole occupied by Germany, but country not annexed
Other states
In 1941, there were seven states which were not recognized as sovereign by a majority of countries.
Croatia - Independent State of Croatia
Capital: Zagreb- De facto independent state. Recognized by the members of the Anti-Comintern Pact and Argentina. Claimed by Yugoslavia.
Manchukuo - Great Empire of Manchuria
Capital: Hsinking- De facto independent state. Recognized by 23 of members of the League of Nations. Claimed by the Republic of China.
Nanjing - Republic of China
Capital: Nanking- De facto independent state. Recognized by the members of the Anti-Comintern Pact. Claimed by the Republic of China.
Slovakia - Slovak Republic
Capital: Bratislava- De facto independent state under German "protection". Recognized by 15 other states. Claimed by Czechoslovakia.
Syria - Syrian Republic
Capital: Damascus- De facto independent state held under occupation by Free French forces. Not recognized by any sovereign state. Claimed by Free France.
Tannu Tuva - Tuvan People's Republic
Capital: Kyzyl- De facto independent state. Recognized by the Soviet Union and Mongolia.
Tibet
Capital: Lhasa- De facto independent state. Claimed by the Republic of China. Not recognized by any sovereign state.
Non-Sovereign Territories
Australia
- Australian Antarctic Territory (Uninhabited external territory)
- Norfolk Island - Territory of Norfolk Island (External territory)
Capital: Kingston 
Papua - Territory of Papua (External territory)
Capital: Canberra
Belgium
Belgian Congo (Colony, loyal to the government-in-exile)
Capital: Léopoldville (Leopoldstad)
Condominiums
- Anglo-Egyptian Sudan (Anglo-Egyptian condominium)
Capital: Khartoum - Canton and Enderbury Islands (Anglo-American condominium)
New Hebrides (Anglo-French condominium, loyal to the Free French Forces)
Capital: Port Vila
Denmark
- Greenland (Self-governing possession, under United States protection, from April 9)
Capital: Godthåb
France
Adélie Land (Uninhabited possession)- Clipperton Island (Uninhabited possession)
- French Antilles and Guiana (Colony)
- French Equatorial Africa (Colony, loyal to the Free French Forces)
Capital: Brazzaville - French India - French Establishments in India (Colony, loyal to the Free French Forces)
Capital: Pondichéry 
French Indochina (Federation of protectorates)
Capital: Hanoi- French Oceania - French Establishments in Oceania (Colony, loyal to the Free French Forces)
Capital: Papeete - French Somaliland (Colony)
Capital: Ville de Djibouti - French West Africa (Colony)
Capital: Dakar - Kwangchowan (Concession, loyal to the Free French Forces)
- French Madagascar (Colony)
Capital: Tananarive 
Morocco - Sultanate of Morocco (de jure sovereign state under French and Spanish protectorate)[1][2]
Capital: Rabat- New Caledonia - New Caledonia and Dependencies (Colony, loyal to the Free French Forces)
Capital: Nouméa - Réunion (Colony)
Capital: Saint-Denis - Shanghai (Concession)
- Tientsin (Concession)
Tunisia - Tunisian Realm (Protectorate)
Capital: Tunis
Germany
- Belgium and North France - Military Administration in Belgium and North France (Military administration)
Capital: Brussels (Belgium), Paris (North France) 
Bohemia and Moravia - Protectorate of Bohemia and Moravia (Autonomous protectorate)
Capital: Prag- Channel Islands (Occupied territory)
Capital: Saint Helier - General Government (Autonomous territory)
Capital: Krakau 
Netherlands - Netherlands Reich Commission (Civil administration)
Capital: Amsterdam
Norway - Norway Reich Commission (Civil administration)
Capital: Oslo- Ostland - Ostland Reich Commission (Civil administration, from July 17)
Capital: Riga 
Serbia - Military Administration in Serbia (Military administration, from April 30)
Capital: Belgrade- Ukraine - Ukraine Reich Commission (Civil administration, from July 17)
Capital: Rowno
Italy
Albania - Albanian Kingdom (Protectorate)
Capital: Tirana- Italian East Africa (Colony, to November 28)
Capital: Addis Ababa - Italian Libya (Colony)
Capital: Tunis 
Montenegro - Kingdom of Montenegro (Protectorate, from July 12)
Capital: Cetinje- Tientsin (Concession)
Japan
Chōsen (Dependency)
Capital: Seoul- Hong Kong - Hong Kong Occupied Territory (Occupied territory, from December 25)
Capital: Kowloon - Karafuto - Karafuto Prefecture (Dependency)
Capital: Ōtomari - Kwantung - Kwantung Leased Territory (Concession)
Capital: Dalian - Malaya (Occupied territory, from December 8)
Capital: Kuala Lumpur - Omiya Jima (Occupied territory, from December 10)
Capital: Agana - Otori Jima (Occupied territory, from December 23)
- Taiwan (Dependency)
Capital: Taihoku - Tientsin (Concession)
League of Nations Mandates
British Cameroons (administered by the United Kingdom)
Capital: Buea
British Togoland (Administered by the United Kingdom)
Capital: Ho- French Cameroons (administered by France)
Capital: Douala - French Togoland (Administered by France)
Capital: Lomé - Nauru (Administered by Australia, New Zealand and the United Kingdom)
Capital: Yaren 
New Guinea - Territory of New Guinea (Administered by Australia)
Capital: Canberra- Palestine (Administered by the United Kingdom)
Capital: Jerusalem
Transjordan - Emirate of Transjordan (Administered by the United Kingdom)
Capital: Amman
Ruanda-Urundi (Administered by Belgium)
Capital: Usumbura- South Pacific Mandate (Administered by Japan)
Capital: Koror - South-West Africa (Administered by South Africa)
Capital: Windhoek - Syria and Lebanon (Administered by France)
Tanganyika - Tanganyika Territory (Administered by the United Kingdom)
Capital: Dar es Salaam
Western Samoa (Administered by New Zealand)
Capital: Apia
Netherlands
- Curaçao and Dependencies (Colony, loyal to the government-in-exile)
Capital: Willemstad - Dutch East Indies (Colony, loyal to the government-in-exile)
Capital: Batavia, Dutch East Indies - Surinam (Colony, loyal to the government-in-exile)
Capital: Paramaribo
New Zealand
- Cook Islands (Dependent territory)
Capital: Avarua - Niue Island (Dependent territory)
Capital: Alofi - Ross Dependency (Uninhabited dependent territory)
- Union Islands (Dependent territory)
Portugal
- Portuguese Cape Verde (Colony)
Capital: Praia - Macau (Colony)
- Portuguese East Africa (Colony)
Capital: Lourenço Marques - Portuguese Guinea (Colony)
Capital: Bissau - Portuguese India - Portuguese State of India (Colony)
Capital: Nova Goa - Portuguese Timor (Colony)
Capital: Dili - Portuguese West Africa (Colony)
Capital: Luanda - São João Baptista de Ajudá - Fort of São João Baptista de Ajudá (Possession)
- São Tomé and Príncipe (Colony)
Capital: São Tomé
Spain
- Ifni (Colony)
Capital: Sidi Ifni - Spanish Guinea (Colony)
Capital: Santa Isabel - Morocco - Sultanate of Morocco (Spanish Protectorate in Morocco) (de jure sovereign state under French and Spanish protectorate)[1][2]
Capital: Tétouan - Spanish Sahara (Colony)
Capital: El Aaiún
United Kingdom
Aden - Aden Colony and Protectorate (Crown colony and protectorate)
Capital: Aden
Bahama Islands (Crown colony)
Capital: Nassau
Bahrain - State of Bahrain (Protectorate)
Capital: Manama
Barbados (Crown colony)
Capital: Bridgetown- Basutoland - Territory of Basutoland (Crown colony)
Capital: Maseru - Bechuanaland - Bechuanaland Protectorate (Protectorate)
Capital: Mafeking 
Bermuda (Crown colony)
Capital: Hamilton- Bhutan - Kingdom of Bhutan (Independent state under Treaty of Punakha)
Capital: Thimphu 
British Guiana (Crown colony)
Capital: Georgetown
British Honduras (Crown colony)
Capital: Belize Town
British Leeward Islands - Federal Colony of the Leeward Islands (Crown colony)
Capital: St. John's- British Somaliland - British Somaliland Protectorate (Protectorate, from March 16)
Capital: Hargeisa - British Western Pacific Territories (Crown colony)
Capital: Suva 
British Windward Islands - Federal Colony of the Windward Islands (Crown colony)
Capital: St. George's
Brunei - State of Brunei (Protectorate)
Capital: Bandar Seri Begawan
Burma (Crown colony)
Capital: Rangoon
Ceylon (Crown colony)
Capital: Sri Jayawardenapura-Kotte
Cyprus (Crown colony)
Capital: Nicosia- Cyrenaica (Occupied territory, from February)
Capital: Benghazi - Eritrea (Occupied territory, from May 19)
Capital: Benghazi - Falkland Islands (Crown colony)
Capital: Stanley 
Faroe Islands (Occupied territory)
Capital: Tórshavn
Federated Malay States (Protectorate)
Capital: Kuala Lumpur
Gambia - Gambia Colony and Protectorate (Crown colony and protectorate)
Capital: Banjul
Gibraltar (Crown colony)
Capital: Gibraltar- Gold Coast (Crown colony)
Capital: Accra - Heard Island and McDonald Islands (Uninhabited possession)
Hong Kong (Crown colony, to December 25)
Capital: Hong Kong
India - Indian Empire (Crown colony)
Capital: New Dehli
Isle of Man (Crown dependency)
Capital: Douglas- Italian Somaliland (Occupied territory, from February 26)
Capital: Mogadiscio 
Jamaica (Crown colony)
Capital: Kingston
Johor - State of Johor Darul Ta'zim (Protectorate)
Capital: Johor Bahru
Kedah - State of Kedah Darul Aman (Protectorate, to December 14)
Capital: Alor Setar
Kelantan - State of Kelantan Darul Naim (Protectorate, to December 22)
Capital: Kota Bharu
Kenya - Kenya Colony and Protectorate (Crown colony and protectorate)
Capital: Nairobi
Kuwait - State of Kuwait (Protectorate)
Capital: Kuwait City
Maldive Islands - Sultanate of the Maldive Islands (Protectorate)
Capital: Malé
Malta (Crown colony)
Mauritius (Crown colony)
Capital: Valletta
Muscat and Oman - Sultanate of Muscat and Oman (State under the informal protection)
Capital: Muscat- Newfoundland - Dominion of Newfoundland (Crown colony)
Capital: St. John's 
Nigeria - Colony and Protectorate of Nigeria (Crown colony and protectorate)
Capital: Abuja
North Borneo (Protectorate)
Capital: Jesselton- Northern Rhodesia - Protectorate of Northern Rhodesia (Protectorate)
Capital: Lusaka 
Nyasaland - Nyasaland Protectorate (Protectorate)
Capital: Zomba
Perlis - State of Perlis Indera Kayangan (Protectorate, to December 8)
Capital: Kangar (administrative), Arau (royal)
Qatar - State of Qatar (Protectorate)
Capital: Doha
Saint Helena (Crown colony)
Capital: Jamestown
Sarawak - Kingdom of Sarawak (Protectorate, to December 24)
Capital: Kuching- Seychelles (Crown colony)
Capital: Victoria - Sierra Leone - Sierra Leone Colony and Protectorate (Crown colony and protectorate)
Capital: Freetown 
Southern Rhodesia - Colony of Southern Rhodesia (Crown colony)
Capital: Salisbury
Straits Settlements (Crown colony)
Capital: Singapore- Suez Canal Zone (Crown colony)
- Swaziland - Swaziland Protectorate (Protectorate)
Capital: Mbabane (administrative), Lobamba (legislative) 
Terengganu - State of Terengganu Darul Iman (Protectorate, to December 11)
Capital: Kuala Terengganu
Trinidad and Tobago (Crown colony)
Capital: Port of Spain
Trucial States (Protectorate)
Capital: Abu Dhabi
Uganda (Crown colony)
Capital: Kampala
Zanzibar - Sultanate of Zanzibar (Protectorate)
Capital: Zanzibar City
United States
Alaska - Alaska Territory (Territory)
Capital: Juneau- American Samoa - Territory of American Samoa (Territory)
Capital: Pago Pago - Baker Island (Uninhabited territory)
- Guam - Territory of Guam (Territory, to December 10)
Capital: Hagåtña 
Hawaii - Territory of Hawaii (Territory)
Capital: Honolulu- Howland Island (Uninhabited territory)
- Jarvis Island (Uninhabited territory)
- Johnston Atoll (Uninhabited territory)
- Kingman Reef (Uninhabited territory)
- Midway Atoll (Uninhabited territory)
- Navassa Island (Uninhabited territory)
Panama Canal Zone (Territory)
Capital: Balboa
Philippine Commonwealth - Commonwealth of the Philippines (In exile, semi-independent self-governing commonwealth of the United States)
Capital: Manila- Puerto Rico (Territory)
Capital: San Juan 
United States Virgin Islands (Territory)
Capital: Charlotte Amalie- Wake Island (Uninhabited territory, to December 23)
See also
References
- ^ a b Bedjaoui, M. (1991). International Law: Achievements and Prospects. Springer Netherlands. p. 51. ISBN 9789231027161. Retrieved 2015-08-27.
- ^ a b Capaldo, G.Z.; Justice, I.C. (1995). Repertory of Decisions of the International Court of Justice (1947-1992). M. Nijhoff Publishers. p. 453. ISBN 9780792329930. Retrieved 2015-08-27.