List of wars involving Turkey
Appearance
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This is a list of wars involving the Republic of Turkey such as coups, insurgencies, conflicts, offensives, border and international disputes.
Wars
Conflict | Turkey and allies |
Opponents | Results | Turkish losses | |
---|---|---|---|---|---|
Military | Civilian | ||||
War of Independence (1919–1923) |
Ankara Government | Greece France Armenia United Kingdom Istanbul Government Italy Georgia |
Victory[1]
|
||
Sheikh Said Rebellion (1925) |
Turkey | Sunni Zaza tribes | Victory
|
250,000 | |
Ararat Rebellion (1927–1930) |
Turkey | Republic of Ararat | Victory
|
47,000 | |
Dersim Rebellion (1937–1938) |
Turkey | Dersim tribes | Victory
|
||
Korean War (1950–1953) |
South Korea |
North Korea China |
Stalemate | ||
Cyprus crisis of 1963–64 (1963–1964) (Intervention in Battle of Tillyria) |
Turkey TMT |
Cyprus | Ceasefire (Battle of Tylliria)[3][4][5]
|
||
Turkish invasion of Cyprus (1974) |
Turkey TMT |
Cyprus Greece |
Victory
|
||
Political violence in Turkey (1976–1980)[8] |
Grey Wolves | TKP/ML THKO Devrimci Yol |
1980 Turkish coup d'état
|
(both sides) | |
Kurdish-Turkish Conflict (1978–) |
Turkey | KCK YDG-H HBDH TAK |
Ongoing
|
||
Operation Restore Hope (1992–1995) |
United Somali Congress | Victory
|
|||
Bosnian War (1995) (Participant in NATO Operation Deliberate Force) |
Republika Srpska | NATO Victory[11]
|
|||
Iraqi Kurdish Civil War (1997) |
Turkey KDP |
PUK PKK |
Victory
|
||
Kosovo War (1998–1999) (Participant in NATO Operation Allied Force) |
UÇK |
FR Yugoslavia | NATO Victory
|
||
War in Afghanistan (2001–) |
Afghanistan |
Taliban | Ongoing
|
||
Libyan Civil War (2011) (Assisted NATO military intervention) |
NTC Qatar |
Libya | NATO Victory | ||
American-led intervention in Iraq (2015–) |
Iraq Iraqi Kurdistan |
ISIS | Victory
|
||
Operation Euphrates Shield (2016–2017) |
Turkey Syrian Opposition |
ISIS Northern Syria |
Victory
|
||
Operation Olive Branch (2018–) |
Turkey Syrian Opposition |
Northern Syria Syria |
Ongoing
|
||
Operation Peace Spring (2019–) |
Turkey Syrian Opposition |
Northern Syria Syria |
Ongoing |
Coup in Turkey
There have been following at least 5 coups in Turkey, including successful and failed attempts:
- 1960 coup d'état
- 1971 military memorandum
- 1980 coup d'état
- 1997 military memorandum
- 27 April 2007 memorandum
- 2016 coup d'état attempt
Insurgency in Turkey
There are several insurgency in Turkey, including the following:
- Turkey–ISIL conflict
- Kurdish insurgency in Turkey - 1st and 2nd Phase and Kurdish insurgency in Turkey - 3rd Phase
- Maoist insurgency in Turkey
- Marxist–Leninist DHKP/C insurgency in Turkey
- Terrorism in Turkey
Other armed conflicts involving Turkey
- Armenian genocide by Ottomans 1914–1923
- Menemen Uprising 1930
- Turkey during World War II 1945
- Cuban Missile Crisis 1962
- Greece-Turkey Imia/Kardak conflict, 1995
- Turkish involvement in the Syrian Civil War 2012-present
Borders and corresponding conflicts of Turkey
The conflicts can also be seen in the context of borders of Turkey and the corresponding disputes:
- Armenia–Turkey border
- Azerbaijan–Turkey border
- Bulgaria–Turkey border
- Cyprus-Turkey conflict buffer zone
- Georgia (country)–Turkey border
- Greece–Turkey border
- Iran–Turkey border
- Iraq–Turkey border
- Soviet Union–Turkey border
- Syria–Turkey border
See also
- Military history of Turkey
- List of wars involving the Ottoman Empire
- List of battles involving the Ottoman Empire
- Military history of the Ottoman Empire
- Turkish military intervention in Syria
References
- ^ Chester Neal Tate, Governments of the world: a global guide to citizens' rights and responsibilities, Macmillan Reference USA/Thomson Gale, 2006, p. 205.
- ^ Including 163 missing
- ^ James, A. (28 November 2001). Keeping the Peace in the Cyprus Crisis of 1963–64. Springer. pp. 147–149. ISBN 9781403900890 – via Google Books.
- ^ O'Malley, Brendan; Craig, Ian (25 June 2001). The Cyprus Conspiracy: America, Espionage and the Turkish Invasion. Bloomsbury Publishing. pp. 115–121. ISBN 9780857711922 – via Google Books.
- ^ Dodd, Clement (21 April 2010). The History and Politics of the Cyprus Conflict. Springer. p. 69. ISBN 9780230275287 – via Google Books.
- ^ "Cengiz Topel (1934–1964)" (in Turkish). Milli Eğitim Bakanlığı Okulweb. Retrieved 2009-08-22.
- ^ References:
- Haydar Çakmak: Türk dış politikası, 1919–2008, Platin, 2008, ISBN 9944137251, page 688 Template:Tr icon; excerpt from reference: 415 ground, 65 navy, 5 air, 13 gendarmerie (= 498 killed)
- American University (Washington, D.C.). Foreign Area Studies; Eugene K. Keefe (1980). Cyprus, a country study. Foreign Area Studies, American University : for sale by the Supt. of Docs., U.S. Govt. Print. Off. Retrieved 5 December 2012.
Authoritative figures for casualties during the two- phased military operation were not published; available estimates listed Greek Cypriot losses at 6,000 dead and Turkish losses at 1,500 dead and 2,000 wounded...
- ^ Gil, Ata. "La Turquie à marche forcée," Le Monde diplomatique, February 1981.
- ^ Ustel, Aziz (2008-07-14). "Savcı, Ergenekon'u Kenan Evren'e sormalı asıl!". Star Gazete (in Turkish). Retrieved 2008-10-21.
Ve 13 Eylül 1980'de Türkiye'yi on yıla yakın bir süredir kasıp kavuran terör ve adam öldürmeler bıçakla kesilir gibi kesildi.
- ^ "Operation Restore Hope". Retrieved 2007-12-02.
- ^ a b Cimbala, Stephen J.; Forster, Peter (21 October 2005). The US, NATO and Military Burden-Sharing. Routledge. p. 135. ISBN 9781134251971 – via Google Books.
- ^ "Operation Deliberate Force". www.globalsecurity.org. Retrieved 2019-03-15.
- ^ Olsen, John Andreas (15 July 2014). European Air Power: Challenges and Opportunities. Potomac Books, Inc. ISBN 9781612346816 – via Google Books.
- ^ "Parliament OKs Turkey's Involvement in Libya". The Oakland Press. Ankara. Associated Press. 24 March 2011. Archived from the original on 5 September 2012. Retrieved 16 January 2012.
- ^ a b Several Turkish citizens have been killed in attacks claimed by ISIS. See Category:ISIL terrorist incidents in Turkey
- ^ http://metro.co.uk/2016/09/05/isis-cleared-from-border-with-turkey-6109548/