Ohio's 9th congressional district

Ohio's 9th congressional district
Ohio's 9th congressional district
	Ohio's 9th congressional district - since January 3, 2013.
Representative	Marcy Kaptur; D–Toledo
Distribution	86.02% urban; 13.98% rural;
Population (2016)	706,201
Median household; income	37,520
Ethnicity	73.04% White; 17.03% Black; 11.31% Hispanic; 1.51% Asian; 0.23% Native American;
Cook PVI	D+14

Ohio's 9th congressional district has been represented by Representative Marcy Kaptur (D) since 1983.

This district is in the northern part of the state, bordering Michigan and Ontario, Canada (via Lake Erie), and includes portions of Cuyahoga, Erie, Lorain, Lucas, and Ottawa counties. Due to redistricting by the Republican-controlled state legislature following the 2010 state elections, the 9th district absorbed part of western Cuyahoga County^[2] pitting 10th district Democratic incumbent Dennis Kucinich against Kaptur in the 2012 Democratic primary.^[3]^[4]^[5]

The new 9th district has been called "The Snake by the Lake" (due to its long and skinny appearance on the map)^[6] and one of the "Top 5 Ugliest Districts" due to gerrymandering. The two portions of the district are only connected via a bridge between Erie and Ottawa counties, as well as Crane Creek State Park. Some Ohio Democrats argued that when the beach floods, the reconfigured 9th is not contiguous.^[7]

It was one of several districts challenged in a 2018 lawsuit seeking to overturn Ohio's congressional map as unconstitutional gerrymandering.^[8] According to the lawsuit, the 9th "eats its way across the southern border of Lake Erie" while fragmenting Cleveland and Toledo.^[9]

List of largest municipalities

All or part of ten cities (whose population is greater than 5,000) are in the district.

The largest municipalities^[10] represented in this district include:

Toledo, population 313,619
Lorain, population 64,097
Lakewood, population 52,131
Sandusky, population 27,844
Avon Lake, population 22,816
Oregon, population 19,355
Sylvania, population 18,971
Maumee, population 14,286

List of representatives

Representative	Party	Years	Cong ress	Electoral history
District created		March 4, 1823
Philemon Beecher	Adams-Clay Democratic- Republican	March 4, 1823 – March 3, 1825	18	[data missing]
Philemon Beecher	Adams	March 4, 1825 – March 3, 1829	19 20	[data missing]
William W. Irvin	Jacksonian	March 4, 1829 – March 3, 1833	21 22	[data missing]
John Chaney	Jacksonian	March 4, 1833 – March 3, 1837	23 24	[data missing]
John Chaney	Democratic	March 4, 1837 – March 3, 1839	25	[data missing]
William Medill	Democratic	March 4, 1839 – March 3, 1843	26 27	[data missing]
Elias Florence	Whig	March 4, 1843 – March 3, 1845	28	[data missing]
Augustus L. Perrill	Democratic	March 4, 1845 – March 3, 1847	29	[data missing]
Thomas O. Edwards	Whig	March 4, 1847 – March 3, 1849	30	[data missing]
Edson B. Olds	Democratic	March 4, 1849 – March 3, 1853	31 32	Redistricted to the 12th district
Frederick W. Green	Democratic	March 4, 1853 – March 3, 1855	33	Redistricted from the 6th district
Cooper K. Watson	Opposition	March 4, 1855 – March 3, 1857	34	[data missing]
Lawrence W. Hall	Democratic	March 4, 1857 – March 3, 1859	35	[data missing]
John Carey	Republican	March 4, 1859 – March 3, 1861	36	[data missing]
Warren P. Noble	Democratic	March 4, 1861 – March 3, 1865	37 38	[data missing]
Ralph P. Buckland	Republican	March 4, 1865 – March 3, 1869	39 40	[data missing]
Edward F. Dickinson	Democratic	March 4, 1869 – March 3, 1871	41	[data missing]
Charles Foster	Republican	March 4, 1871 – March 3, 1873	42	Redistricted to the 10th district
James W. Robinson	Republican	March 4, 1873 – March 3, 1875	43	[data missing]
Earley F. Poppleton	Democratic	March 4, 1875 – March 3, 1877	44	[data missing]
John S. Jones	Republican	March 4, 1877 – March 3, 1879	45	[data missing]
George L. Converse	Democratic	March 4, 1879 – March 3, 1881	46	Redistricted to the 12th district
James S. Robinson	Republican	March 4, 1881 – January 12, 1885	47 48	Resigned to become Ohio Secretary of State
Vacant		January 12, 1885 – March 4, 1885	48
William C. Cooper	Republican	March 4, 1885 – March 3, 1891	49 50 51	[data missing]
Joseph H. Outhwaite	Democratic	March 4, 1891 – March 3, 1893	52	Redistricted from the 13th district Redistricted to the 12th district
Byron F. Ritchie	Democratic	March 4, 1893 – March 3, 1895	53	[data missing]
James H. Southard	Republican	March 4, 1895 – March 3, 1907	54 55 56 57 58 59	[data missing]
Isaac R. Sherwood	Democratic	March 4, 1907 – March 3, 1921	60 61 62 63 64 65 66	[data missing]
William W. Chalmers	Republican	March 4, 1921 – March 3, 1923	67	[data missing]
Isaac R. Sherwood	Democratic	March 4, 1923 – March 3, 1925	68	[data missing]
William W. Chalmers	Republican	March 4, 1925 – March 3, 1931	69 70 71	[data missing]
Wilbur M. White	Republican	March 4, 1931 – March 3, 1933	72	[data missing]
Warren J. Duffey	Democratic	March 4, 1933 – July 7, 1936	73 74	First elected in 1932 Re-elected in 1934 Died
Vacant		July 7, 1936 – January 3, 1937	74
John F. Hunter	Democratic	January 3, 1937 – January 3, 1943	75 76 77	First elected in 1936 Re-elected in 1938 Re-elected in 1940 Lost re-election
Homer A. Ramey	Republican	January 3, 1943 – January 3, 1949	78 79 80	First elected in 1942 Re-elected in 1944 Re-elected in 1946 Lost re-election
Thomas Henry Burke	Democratic	January 3, 1949 – January 3, 1951	81	Elected in 1948 Lost renomination
Frazier Reams	Independent	January 3, 1951 – January 3, 1955	82 83	First elected in 1950 Re-elected in 1952 Lost re-election
Thomas L. Ashley	Democratic	January 3, 1955 – January 3, 1981	84 85 86 87 88 89 90 91 92 93 94 95 96	First elected in 1954 Re-elected in 1956 Re-elected in 1958 Re-elected in 1960 Re-elected in 1962 Re-elected in 1964 Re-elected in 1966 Re-elected in 1968 Re-elected in 1970 Re-elected in 1972 Re-elected in 1974 Re-elected in 1976 Re-elected in 1978 Lost re-election
Ed Weber	Republican	January 3, 1981 – January 3, 1983	97	First elected in 1980 Lost re-election
Marcy Kaptur	Democratic	January 3, 1983 – Present	98 99 100 101 102 103 104 105 106 107 108 109 110 111 112 113 114	First elected in 1982 Re-elected in 1984 Re-elected in 1986 Re-elected in 1988 Re-elected in 1990 Re-elected in 1992 Re-elected in 1994 Re-elected in 1996 Re-elected in 1998 Re-elected in 2000 Re-elected in 2002 Re-elected in 2004 Re-elected in 2006 Re-elected in 2008 Re-elected in 2010 Re-elected in 2012 Re-elected in 2014 Re-elected in 2016

Election results

The following chart shows historic election results. Bold type indicates victor. Italic type indicates incumbent.

Year	Democratic	Republican	Other
2014^[11]	Marcia C. Kaptur: 106,338	Richard May: 50,792	Cory Hoffman, George A. Skalsky (Both WI): 0
2012	Marcia C. Kaptur: 217,775	Joe Wurzelbacher: 68,666	Sean Stipe (L): 11,725
2010	Marcia C. Kaptur: 121,819	Rich Iott: 83,423
2008	Marcia C. Kaptur: 210,822	Bradley S. Leavitt: 73,610
2006	Marcia C. Kaptur: 153,880	Bradley S. Leavitt: 55,119
2004	Marcia C. Kaptur: 199,528	Larry A. Kaczala: 93,930
2002	Marcia C. Kaptur: 132,236	Edward S. Emery: 46,481
2000	Marcia C. Kaptur: 168,547	Dwight E. Bryan: 49,446	Galen Fries (L): 4,239 Dennis Slotnick (N): 3,096
1998	Marcia C. Kaptur: 130,793	Edward S. Emery: 30,312
1996	Marcia C. Kaptur: 170,617	R. Randy Whitman: 46,040	Elizabeth A. Slotnick (N): 4,677
1994	Marcia C. Kaptur: 118,120	R. Randy Whitman: 38,665
1992	Marcia C. Kaptur: 178,879	Ken D. Brown: 53,011	Edward Howard: 11,162
1990	Marcia C. Kaptur: 117,681	Jerry D. Lammers: 33,791
1988	Marcia C. Kaptur: 157,557	Al Hawkins: 36,183
1986	Marcia C. Kaptur: 105,646	Mike Shufeldt: 30,643
1984	Marcia C. Kaptur: 117,985	Frank Venner: 93,210	Other: 3,714
1982	Marcia C. Kaptur: 95,162	Edward F. Weber: 64,459	David Muir (L): 1,217 Susan A. Skinner: 1,785 James J. Somers: 1,594
1980	Thomas W. L. Ashley: 68,728	Edward F. Weber: 96,927	Edward S. Emery: 4,357 Toby Elizabeth Emmerich: 2,411
1978	Thomas W. L. Ashley: 71,709	John C. Hoyt: 34,326	Edward S. Emery: 2,563 Michael James Lewinski: 4,530
1976	Thomas W. L. Ashley: 91,040	Carty Finkbeiner: 73,919	Edward S. Emery: 1,533 Lynn Galonsky: 1,477
1974	Thomas W. L. Ashley: 64,831	Carty Finkbeiner: 57,892
1972	Thomas W. L. Ashley: 110,450	Joseph C. Richards: 49,388
1970	Thomas W. L. Ashley: 82,777	Allen H. Shapiro: 33,947
1968	Thomas W. L. Ashley: 85,280	Ben Marsh: 63,290
1966	Thomas W. L. Ashley: 83,261	Jane M. Kuebbeler: 53,777
1964	Thomas W. L. Ashley: 109,167	John O. Celusta: 64,401
1962	Thomas W. L. Ashley: 86,443	Martin A. Janis: 64,279
1960	Thomas W. L. Ashley: 108,688	Howard C. Cook: 82,433
1958	Thomas W. L. Ashley: 102,115	William K. Gernheuser: 63,660
1956	Thomas W. L. Ashley:	Harvey G. Straub: 81,562
1954	Thomas W. L. Ashley: 48,471	Irving C. Reynolds: 39,933	Henry Frazier Reams Sr.: 44,656
1952	Thomas H. Burke: 61,047	Gilmore Flues: 46,989	Henry Frazier Reams Sr.: 74,821
1950	Thomas H. Burke: 45,268	Homer A. Ramey: 43,301	Henry Frazier Reams Sr.: 51,024
1948	Thomas H. Burke: 85,409	Homer A. Ramey: 73,394
1946	Michael V. DiSalle: 59,057	Homer A. Ramey: 59,394
1944	John F. Hunter: 77,693	Homer A. Ramey: 82,735
1942	John F. Hunter: 44,027	Homer A. Ramey: 47,377
1940	John F. Hunter: 86,956	Wilbur McK. White: 71,927
1938	John F. Hunter: 56,306	Homer A. Ramey: 55,441
1936	John F. Hunter: 75,737	Raymond E. Hildebrand: 55,043	Earl O. Lehman: 3,739
1934	Warren J. Duffey: 61,037	Frank L. Mulholland: 35,732	Kenneth Eggert (C): 684 Karl Pauli (S): 510
1932	Warren J. Duffey: 56,755	Wilbur McK. White: 54,078	Silas E. Hurin: 4,200 Clyde E. Kiker: 2,135 Karl Pauli (S): 1,314 Eugene Stoll (C): 620
1930	Scott Stahl: 36,375	Wilbur McK. White: 49,498
1928	William P. Clarke: 50,601	William W. Chalmers: 82,560	Charles V. Stephenson (W): 190
1926	C. W. Davis: 23,947	William W. Chalmers: 47,331	George F. Parrish (TRI): 1,110 Millard Price (S): 1,018
1924	Isaac R. Sherwood: 48,482	William W. Chalmers: 54,792	Millard Price (P): 2,159 John Kocinski: 747
1922	Isaac R. Sherwood: 45,059	William W. Chalmers: 42,712
1920	Isaac R. Sherwood: 38,292	William W. Chalmers: 49,732	Karl E. Pauli: 47

Accusations of gerrymandering

The current district lines were drawn in 2011, following the redistricting based on the 2000 census.^[10] The boundaries of the 9th district have been cited as a signature example of the partisan gerrymandering of the Ohio redistricting.^[8] A lawsuit challenging the redistricting referred to the shape of District 9 as "the snake on the lake,"^[12]^[6] and it has been referred to as one of the United States' "Top 5 Ugliest Districts" due to gerrymandering.^[7]

Historical district boundaries

References

^ "Partisan Voting Index – Districts of the 115th Congress" (PDF). The Cook Political Report. April 7, 2017. Retrieved April 7, 2017.
^ "Ohio's 9th congressional district elections, 2012". Ballotpedia. Retrieved February 12, 2012.
^ Alex M. Parker (February 9, 2012). "Friendly Fire Coming in House Re-Elections?". U.S. News and World Report.
^ Andrea Billups (February 6, 2012). "Kaptur, Kucinich face off in Ohio". The Washington Times.
^ Kevin Milliken (January 16, 2012). "Kaptur, Kucinich square off for one congressional seat". La Prensa.
^ ^a ^b "Kill the Snake by the Lake", Toledo Blade, Jan. 16, 2018. Retrieved August 7, 2018.
^ ^a ^b Shira Toeplitz (November 10, 2011). "Top 5 Ugliest Districts: Partisan Gerrymandering 101". Roll Call.
^ ^a ^b Todd Ruger, "Voters Challenge Ohio Congressional Map as Partisan Gerrymander", Roll Call, May 23, 2018. Retrieved 7 August 2018.
^ Ohio A. Philip Randolph Institute et al., v. John Kasich, UNITED STATES DISTRICT COURT FOR THE SOUTHERN DISTRICT OF OHIO, filed 05/23/2018. Retrieved 7 August 2018.
^ ^a ^b U.S. Census Bureau, Census 2000.
^ http://www.sos.state.oh.us/SOS/elections/Research/electResultsMain/2014Results.aspx
^ Ohio A. Philip Randolph Institute et al., v. John Kasich, UNITED STATES DISTRICT COURT FOR THE SOUTHERN DISTRICT OF OHIO, filed 05/23/2018. Retrieved 7 August 2018.

Martis, Kenneth C. (1989). The Historical Atlas of Political Parties in the United States Congress. New York: Macmillan Publishing Company. {{cite book}}: Cite has empty unknown parameter: |coauthors= (help)
Martis, Kenneth C. (1982). The Historical Atlas of United States Congressional Districts. New York: Macmillan Publishing Company. {{cite book}}: Cite has empty unknown parameter: |coauthors= (help)
Congressional Biographical Directory of the United States 1774–present

41°30′N 82°54′W / 41.500°N 82.900°W / 41.500; -82.900

[Cook-1] "Partisan Voting Index – Districts of the 115th Congress" (PDF). The Cook Political Report. April 7, 2017. Retrieved April 7, 2017.

[2] "Ohio's 9th congressional district elections, 2012". Ballotpedia. Retrieved February 12, 2012.

[3] Alex M. Parker (February 9, 2012). "Friendly Fire Coming in House Re-Elections?". U.S. News and World Report.

[4] Andrea Billups (February 6, 2012). "Kaptur, Kucinich face off in Ohio". The Washington Times.

[5] Kevin Milliken (January 16, 2012). "Kaptur, Kucinich square off for one congressional seat". La Prensa.

[blade_2018-6] "Kill the Snake by the Lake", Toledo Blade, Jan. 16, 2018. Retrieved August 7, 2018.

[Toeplitz-7] Shira Toeplitz (November 10, 2011). "Top 5 Ugliest Districts: Partisan Gerrymandering 101". Roll Call.

[Ruger2018-8] Todd Ruger, "Voters Challenge Ohio Congressional Map as Partisan Gerrymander", Roll Call, May 23, 2018. Retrieved 7 August 2018.

[9] Ohio A. Philip Randolph Institute et al., v. John Kasich, UNITED STATES DISTRICT COURT FOR THE SOUTHERN DISTRICT OF OHIO, filed 05/23/2018. Retrieved 7 August 2018.

[census_2000-10] U.S. Census Bureau, Census 2000.

[11] ttp://www.sos.state.oh.us/SOS/elections/Research/electResultsMain/2014Results.aspx

[12] Ohio A. Philip Randolph Institute et al., v. John Kasich, UNITED STATES DISTRICT COURT FOR THE SOUTHERN DISTRICT OF OHIO, filed 05/23/2018. Retrieved 7 August 2018.

[1]

[2]

[3]

[4]

[5]

[6]

[7]

[8]

[9]

[10]

[11]

[12]