STX4

STX4
Identifiers
Aliases	STX4, STX4A, p35-2, syntaxin 4
External IDs	OMIM: 186591; MGI: 893577; HomoloGene: 105435; GeneCards: STX4; OMA:STX4 - orthologs
Gene location (Human)
Chr.	Chromosome 16 (human)
End	31,042,975 bp
Gene location (Mouse)
Chr.	Chromosome 7 (mouse)
End	127,448,191 bp
RNA expression pattern
	Top expressed in
	C1 segment; ; granulocyte; ; skin of leg; ; skin of abdomen; ; upper lobe of left lung; ; canal of the cervix; ; right lung; ; left uterine tube; ; sural nerve; ; left adrenal cortex;
	Top expressed in
	Ileal epithelium; ; motor neuron; ; lip; ; yolk sac; ; muscle of thigh; ; granulocyte; ; fossa; ; superior frontal gyrus; ; neural layer of retina; ; condyle;
	More reference expression data
	More reference expression data
Gene ontology
Molecular function	SNAP receptor activity; protein binding; sphingomyelin phosphodiesterase activator activity; SNARE binding;
Cellular component	cytoplasm; integral component of membrane; cytosol; endosome; membrane; synaptic vesicle; plasma membrane; myelin sheath adaxonal region; dendritic spine; synapse; intracellular anatomical structure; cell surface; vacuole; trans-Golgi network; basolateral plasma membrane; somatodendritic compartment; specific granule; lateral loop; perinuclear region of cytoplasm; storage vacuole; extracellular exosome; lamellipodium; SNARE complex; extracellular space; phagocytic vesicle membrane; endomembrane system; presynaptic membrane; phagocytic vesicle; presynaptic active zone membrane; postsynapse; glutamatergic synapse;
Biological process	positive regulation of eosinophil degranulation; positive regulation of cell migration; organelle fusion; synaptic vesicle fusion to presynaptic active zone membrane; response to hydroperoxide; positive regulation of catalytic activity; post-Golgi vesicle-mediated transport; regulation of exocytosis; vesicle docking; positive regulation of protein localization to plasma membrane; positive regulation of chemotaxis; positive regulation of cell population proliferation; positive regulation of protein localization to cell surface; regulation of extrinsic apoptotic signaling pathway via death domain receptors; positive regulation of insulin secretion involved in cellular response to glucose stimulus; intracellular protein transport; neurotransmitter transport; vesicle-mediated transport; SNARE complex assembly; positive regulation of cell adhesion; long-term potentiation; vesicle fusion with endoplasmic reticulum-Golgi intermediate compartment (ERGIC) membrane; transport; exocytosis; vesicle fusion; cytokine-mediated signaling pathway; cellular response to interferon-gamma;
	Sources:Amigo / QuickGO
Orthologs
	6810
	20909
	ENSG00000103496
	ENSMUSG00000030805
	Q12846
	P70452
	NM_001272095; NM_001272096; NM_004604
	NM_009294
	NP_001259024; NP_001259025; NP_004595
	NP_033320
	Wikidata
View/Edit Human	View/Edit Mouse

Syntaxin-4 is a protein that in humans is encoded by the STX4 gene.^[5]^[6]^[7]

Interactions

STX4 has been shown to interact with:

Gelsolin,^[8]
NAPA,^[9]
RAB4A,^[10]
SNAP-25,^[11]^[12]^[13]^[14]
SNAP23,^[12]^[14]^[15]^[16]^[17]^[18]^[19]^[20]
STXBP1,^[11]^[21]
STXBP5,^[22]
Syntaxin binding protein 3,^[21]^[22]
TXLNB,^[23]
VAMP2,^[13]^[18]^[24]^[25]
VAMP3,^[9]^[15]^[18]^[26] and
Vesicle-associated membrane protein 8.^[18]^[26]

References

^ ^a ^b ^c GRCh38: Ensembl release 89: ENSG00000103496 – Ensembl, May 2017
^ ^a ^b ^c GRCm38: Ensembl release 89: ENSMUSG00000030805 – Ensembl, May 2017
^ "Human PubMed Reference:". National Center for Biotechnology Information, U.S. National Library of Medicine.
^ "Mouse PubMed Reference:". National Center for Biotechnology Information, U.S. National Library of Medicine.
^ Li H, Hodge DR, Pei GK, Seth A (Jun 1994). "Isolation and sequence analysis of the human syntaxin-encoding gene". Gene. 143 (2): 303–4. doi:10.1016/0378-1119(94)90117-1. PMID 8206394.
^ Low SH, Vasanji A, Nanduri J, He M, Sharma N, Koo M, Drazba J, Weimbs T (Feb 2006). "Syntaxins 3 and 4 are concentrated in separate clusters on the plasma membrane before the establishment of cell polarity". Molecular Biology of the Cell. 17 (2): 977–89. doi:10.1091/mbc.E05-05-0462. PMC 1356605. PMID 16339081.
^ "Entrez Gene: STX4 Syntaxin 4".
^ Kalwat MA, Wiseman DA, Luo W, Wang Z, Thurmond DC (January 2012). "Gelsolin associates with the N terminus of syntaxin 4 to regulate insulin granule exocytosis". Molecular Endocrinology. 26 (1). Baltimore, Md.: 128–41. doi:10.1210/me.2011-1112. PMC 3248323. PMID 22108804.
^ ^a ^b Rual JF, Venkatesan K, Hao T, Hirozane-Kishikawa T, Dricot A, Li N, Berriz GF, Gibbons FD, Dreze M, Ayivi-Guedehoussou N, Klitgord N, Simon C, Boxem M, Milstein S, Rosenberg J, Goldberg DS, Zhang LV, Wong SL, Franklin G, Li S, Albala JS, Lim J, Fraughton C, Llamosas E, Cevik S, Bex C, Lamesch P, Sikorski RS, Vandenhaute J, Zoghbi HY, Smolyar A, Bosak S, Sequerra R, Doucette-Stamm L, Cusick ME, Hill DE, Roth FP, Vidal M (Oct 2005). "Towards a proteome-scale map of the human protein-protein interaction network". Nature. 437 (7062): 1173–8. Bibcode:2005Natur.437.1173R. doi:10.1038/nature04209. PMID 16189514. S2CID 4427026.
^ Li L, Omata W, Kojima I, Shibata H (Feb 2001). "Direct interaction of Rab4 with syntaxin 4". The Journal of Biological Chemistry. 276 (7): 5265–73. doi:10.1074/jbc.M003883200. PMID 11063739.
^ ^a ^b Hata Y, Südhof TC (Jun 1995). "A novel ubiquitous form of Munc-18 interacts with multiple syntaxins. Use of the yeast two-hybrid system to study interactions between proteins involved in membrane traffic". The Journal of Biological Chemistry. 270 (22): 13022–8. doi:10.1074/jbc.270.22.13022. PMID 7768895.
^ ^a ^b Ravichandran V, Chawla A, Roche PA (Jun 1996). "Identification of a novel syntaxin- and synaptobrevin/VAMP-binding protein, SNAP-23, expressed in non-neuronal tissues". The Journal of Biological Chemistry. 271 (23): 13300–3. doi:10.1074/jbc.271.23.13300. PMID 8663154.
^ ^a ^b Reed GL, Houng AK, Fitzgerald ML (Apr 1999). "Human platelets contain SNARE proteins and a Sec1p homologue that interacts with syntaxin 4 and is phosphorylated after thrombin activation: implications for platelet secretion". Blood. 93 (8): 2617–26. doi:10.1182/blood.V93.8.2617. PMID 10194441.
^ ^a ^b Steegmaier M, Yang B, Yoo JS, Huang B, Shen M, Yu S, Luo Y, Scheller RH (Dec 1998). "Three novel proteins of the syntaxin/SNAP-25 family". The Journal of Biological Chemistry. 273 (51): 34171–9. doi:10.1074/jbc.273.51.34171. PMID 9852078.
^ ^a ^b Imai A, Nashida T, Yoshie S, Shimomura H (Aug 2003). "Intracellular localisation of SNARE proteins in rat parotid acinar cells: SNARE complexes on the apical plasma membrane". Archives of Oral Biology. 48 (8): 597–604. doi:10.1016/s0003-9969(03)00116-x. PMID 12828989.
^ Li G, Alexander EA, Schwartz JH (May 2003). "Syntaxin isoform specificity in the regulation of renal H+-ATPase exocytosis". The Journal of Biological Chemistry. 278 (22): 19791–7. doi:10.1074/jbc.M212250200. PMID 12651853.
^ Araki S, Tamori Y, Kawanishi M, Shinoda H, Masugi J, Mori H, Niki T, Okazawa H, Kubota T, Kasuga M (May 1997). "Inhibition of the binding of SNAP-23 to syntaxin 4 by Munc18c". Biochemical and Biophysical Research Communications. 234 (1): 257–62. doi:10.1006/bbrc.1997.6560. hdl:20.500.14094/D2002245. PMID 9168999.
^ ^a ^b ^c ^d Paumet F, Le Mao J, Martin S, Galli T, David B, Blank U, Roa M (Jun 2000). "Soluble NSF attachment protein receptors (SNAREs) in RBL-2H3 mast cells: functional role of syntaxin 4 in exocytosis and identification of a vesicle-associated membrane protein 8-containing secretory compartment". Journal of Immunology. 164 (11): 5850–7. doi:10.4049/jimmunol.164.11.5850. PMID 10820264.
^ Kawanishi M, Tamori Y, Okazawa H, Araki S, Shinoda H, Kasuga M (Mar 2000). "Role of SNAP23 in insulin-induced translocation of GLUT4 in 3T3-L1 adipocytes. Mediation of complex formation between syntaxin4 and VAMP2". The Journal of Biological Chemistry. 275 (11): 8240–7. doi:10.1074/jbc.275.11.8240. PMID 10713150.
^ Freedman SJ, Song HK, Xu Y, Sun ZY, Eck MJ (Apr 2003). "Homotetrameric structure of the SNAP-23 N-terminal coiled-coil domain". The Journal of Biological Chemistry. 278 (15): 13462–7. doi:10.1074/jbc.M210483200. PMID 12556468.
^ ^a ^b Schraw TD, Lemons PP, Dean WL, Whiteheart SW (Aug 2003). "A role for Sec1/Munc18 proteins in platelet exocytosis". The Biochemical Journal. 374 (Pt 1): 207–17. doi:10.1042/BJ20030610. PMC 1223584. PMID 12773094.
^ ^a ^b Widberg CH, Bryant NJ, Girotti M, Rea S, James DE (Sep 2003). "Tomosyn interacts with the t-SNAREs syntaxin4 and SNAP23 and plays a role in insulin-stimulated GLUT4 translocation". The Journal of Biological Chemistry. 278 (37): 35093–101. doi:10.1074/jbc.M304261200. PMID 12832401.
^ Nogami S, Satoh S, Tanaka-Nakadate S, Yoshida K, Nakano M, Terano A, Shirataki H (Jul 2004). "Identification and characterization of taxilin isoforms". Biochemical and Biophysical Research Communications. 319 (3): 936–43. doi:10.1016/j.bbrc.2004.05.073. PMID 15184072.
^ Mollinedo F, Martín-Martín B, Calafat J, Nabokina SM, Lazo PA (Jan 2003). "Role of vesicle-associated membrane protein-2, through Q-soluble N-ethylmaleimide-sensitive factor attachment protein receptor/R-soluble N-ethylmaleimide-sensitive factor attachment protein receptor interaction, in the exocytosis of specific and tertiary granules of human neutrophils". Journal of Immunology. 170 (2): 1034–42. doi:10.4049/jimmunol.170.2.1034. PMID 12517971.
^ Jagadish MN, Fernandez CS, Hewish DR, Macaulay SL, Gough KH, Grusovin J, Verkuylen A, Cosgrove L, Alafaci A, Frenkel MJ, Ward CW (Aug 1996). "Insulin-responsive tissues contain the core complex protein SNAP-25 (synaptosomal-associated protein 25) A and B isoforms in addition to syntaxin 4 and synaptobrevins 1 and 2". The Biochemical Journal. 317 (3): 945–54. doi:10.1042/bj3170945. PMC 1217577. PMID 8760387.
^ ^a ^b Polgár J, Chung SH, Reed GL (Aug 2002). "Vesicle-associated membrane protein 3 (VAMP-3) and VAMP-8 are present in human platelets and are required for granule secretion". Blood. 100 (3): 1081–3. doi:10.1182/blood.v100.3.1081. PMID 12130530.

External links

Overview of all the structural information available in the PDB for UniProt: P70452 (Mouse Syntaxin-4) at the PDBe-KB.

[refGRCh38Ensembl-1] GRCh38: Ensembl release 89: ENSG00000103496 – Ensembl, May 2017

[refGRCm38Ensembl-2] GRCm38: Ensembl release 89: ENSMUSG00000030805 – Ensembl, May 2017

[3] "Human PubMed Reference:". National Center for Biotechnology Information, U.S. National Library of Medicine.

[4] "Mouse PubMed Reference:". National Center for Biotechnology Information, U.S. National Library of Medicine.

[pmid8206394-5] Li H, Hodge DR, Pei GK, Seth A (Jun 1994). "Isolation and sequence analysis of the human syntaxin-encoding gene". Gene. 143 (2): 303–4. doi:10.1016/0378-1119(94)90117-1. PMID 8206394.

[pmid16339081-6] Low SH, Vasanji A, Nanduri J, He M, Sharma N, Koo M, Drazba J, Weimbs T (Feb 2006). "Syntaxins 3 and 4 are concentrated in separate clusters on the plasma membrane before the establishment of cell polarity". Molecular Biology of the Cell. 17 (2): 977–89. doi:10.1091/mbc.E05-05-0462. PMC 1356605. PMID 16339081.

[7] "Entrez Gene: STX4 Syntaxin 4".

[pmid22108804-8] Kalwat MA, Wiseman DA, Luo W, Wang Z, Thurmond DC (January 2012). "Gelsolin associates with the N terminus of syntaxin 4 to regulate insulin granule exocytosis". Molecular Endocrinology. 26 (1). Baltimore, Md.: 128–41. doi:10.1210/me.2011-1112. PMC 3248323. PMID 22108804.

[pmid16189514-9] Rual JF, Venkatesan K, Hao T, Hirozane-Kishikawa T, Dricot A, Li N, Berriz GF, Gibbons FD, Dreze M, Ayivi-Guedehoussou N, Klitgord N, Simon C, Boxem M, Milstein S, Rosenberg J, Goldberg DS, Zhang LV, Wong SL, Franklin G, Li S, Albala JS, Lim J, Fraughton C, Llamosas E, Cevik S, Bex C, Lamesch P, Sikorski RS, Vandenhaute J, Zoghbi HY, Smolyar A, Bosak S, Sequerra R, Doucette-Stamm L, Cusick ME, Hill DE, Roth FP, Vidal M (Oct 2005). "Towards a proteome-scale map of the human protein-protein interaction network". Nature. 437 (7062): 1173–8. Bibcode:2005Natur.437.1173R. doi:10.1038/nature04209. PMID 16189514. S2CID 4427026.

[pmid11063739-10] Li L, Omata W, Kojima I, Shibata H (Feb 2001). "Direct interaction of Rab4 with syntaxin 4". The Journal of Biological Chemistry. 276 (7): 5265–73. doi:10.1074/jbc.M003883200. PMID 11063739.

[pmid7768895-11] Hata Y, Südhof TC (Jun 1995). "A novel ubiquitous form of Munc-18 interacts with multiple syntaxins. Use of the yeast two-hybrid system to study interactions between proteins involved in membrane traffic". The Journal of Biological Chemistry. 270 (22): 13022–8. doi:10.1074/jbc.270.22.13022. PMID 7768895.

[pmid8663154-12] Ravichandran V, Chawla A, Roche PA (Jun 1996). "Identification of a novel syntaxin- and synaptobrevin/VAMP-binding protein, SNAP-23, expressed in non-neuronal tissues". The Journal of Biological Chemistry. 271 (23): 13300–3. doi:10.1074/jbc.271.23.13300. PMID 8663154.

[pmid10194441-13] Reed GL, Houng AK, Fitzgerald ML (Apr 1999). "Human platelets contain SNARE proteins and a Sec1p homologue that interacts with syntaxin 4 and is phosphorylated after thrombin activation: implications for platelet secretion". Blood. 93 (8): 2617–26. doi:10.1182/blood.V93.8.2617. PMID 10194441.

[pmid9852078-14] Steegmaier M, Yang B, Yoo JS, Huang B, Shen M, Yu S, Luo Y, Scheller RH (Dec 1998). "Three novel proteins of the syntaxin/SNAP-25 family". The Journal of Biological Chemistry. 273 (51): 34171–9. doi:10.1074/jbc.273.51.34171. PMID 9852078.

[pmid12828989-15] Imai A, Nashida T, Yoshie S, Shimomura H (Aug 2003). "Intracellular localisation of SNARE proteins in rat parotid acinar cells: SNARE complexes on the apical plasma membrane". Archives of Oral Biology. 48 (8): 597–604. doi:10.1016/s0003-9969(03)00116-x. PMID 12828989.

[pmid12651853-16] Li G, Alexander EA, Schwartz JH (May 2003). "Syntaxin isoform specificity in the regulation of renal H+-ATPase exocytosis". The Journal of Biological Chemistry. 278 (22): 19791–7. doi:10.1074/jbc.M212250200. PMID 12651853.

[pmid9168999-17] Araki S, Tamori Y, Kawanishi M, Shinoda H, Masugi J, Mori H, Niki T, Okazawa H, Kubota T, Kasuga M (May 1997). "Inhibition of the binding of SNAP-23 to syntaxin 4 by Munc18c". Biochemical and Biophysical Research Communications. 234 (1): 257–62. doi:10.1006/bbrc.1997.6560. hdl:20.500.14094/D2002245. PMID 9168999.

[pmid10820264-18] Paumet F, Le Mao J, Martin S, Galli T, David B, Blank U, Roa M (Jun 2000). "Soluble NSF attachment protein receptors (SNAREs) in RBL-2H3 mast cells: functional role of syntaxin 4 in exocytosis and identification of a vesicle-associated membrane protein 8-containing secretory compartment". Journal of Immunology. 164 (11): 5850–7. doi:10.4049/jimmunol.164.11.5850. PMID 10820264.

[pmid10713150-19] Kawanishi M, Tamori Y, Okazawa H, Araki S, Shinoda H, Kasuga M (Mar 2000). "Role of SNAP23 in insulin-induced translocation of GLUT4 in 3T3-L1 adipocytes. Mediation of complex formation between syntaxin4 and VAMP2". The Journal of Biological Chemistry. 275 (11): 8240–7. doi:10.1074/jbc.275.11.8240. PMID 10713150.

[pmid12556468-20] Freedman SJ, Song HK, Xu Y, Sun ZY, Eck MJ (Apr 2003). "Homotetrameric structure of the SNAP-23 N-terminal coiled-coil domain". The Journal of Biological Chemistry. 278 (15): 13462–7. doi:10.1074/jbc.M210483200. PMID 12556468.

[pmid12773094-21] Schraw TD, Lemons PP, Dean WL, Whiteheart SW (Aug 2003). "A role for Sec1/Munc18 proteins in platelet exocytosis". The Biochemical Journal. 374 (Pt 1): 207–17. doi:10.1042/BJ20030610. PMC 1223584. PMID 12773094.

[pmid12832401-22] Widberg CH, Bryant NJ, Girotti M, Rea S, James DE (Sep 2003). "Tomosyn interacts with the t-SNAREs syntaxin4 and SNAP23 and plays a role in insulin-stimulated GLUT4 translocation". The Journal of Biological Chemistry. 278 (37): 35093–101. doi:10.1074/jbc.M304261200. PMID 12832401.

[pmid15184072-23] Nogami S, Satoh S, Tanaka-Nakadate S, Yoshida K, Nakano M, Terano A, Shirataki H (Jul 2004). "Identification and characterization of taxilin isoforms". Biochemical and Biophysical Research Communications. 319 (3): 936–43. doi:10.1016/j.bbrc.2004.05.073. PMID 15184072.

[pmid12517971-24] Mollinedo F, Martín-Martín B, Calafat J, Nabokina SM, Lazo PA (Jan 2003). "Role of vesicle-associated membrane protein-2, through Q-soluble N-ethylmaleimide-sensitive factor attachment protein receptor/R-soluble N-ethylmaleimide-sensitive factor attachment protein receptor interaction, in the exocytosis of specific and tertiary granules of human neutrophils". Journal of Immunology. 170 (2): 1034–42. doi:10.4049/jimmunol.170.2.1034. PMID 12517971.

[pmid8760387-25] Jagadish MN, Fernandez CS, Hewish DR, Macaulay SL, Gough KH, Grusovin J, Verkuylen A, Cosgrove L, Alafaci A, Frenkel MJ, Ward CW (Aug 1996). "Insulin-responsive tissues contain the core complex protein SNAP-25 (synaptosomal-associated protein 25) A and B isoforms in addition to syntaxin 4 and synaptobrevins 1 and 2". The Biochemical Journal. 317 (3): 945–54. doi:10.1042/bj3170945. PMC 1217577. PMID 8760387.

[pmid12130530-26] Polgár J, Chung SH, Reed GL (Aug 2002). "Vesicle-associated membrane protein 3 (VAMP-3) and VAMP-8 are present in human platelets and are required for granule secretion". Blood. 100 (3): 1081–3. doi:10.1182/blood.v100.3.1081. PMID 12130530.

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Interactions

References

Further reading

External links