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Southeast Asian Games
AbbreviationSEA Games
First event12–17 December 1959 Bangkok, Thailand
Occur every2 years
Last event11–22 November 2011 Jakarta and Palembang, Indonesia
WebsiteSEA Games Federation Office

The Southeast Asian Games (also known as the SEA Games), is a biennial multi-sport event involving participants from the current 11 countries of Southeast Asia. The games is under regulation of the Southeast Asian Games Federation with supervision by the International Olympic Committee (IOC) and the Olympic Council of Asia.

History

The Southeast Asian Games owes its origins to the Southeast Asian Peninsular Games or SEAP Games. On 22 May 1958, delegates from the countries in Southeast Asian peninsula attending the Asian Games in Tokyo, Japan had a meeting and agreed to establish a sport organization. The SEAP Games was conceptualized by Luang Sukhumnaipradit, then Vice-President of the Thailand Olympic Committee. The proposed rationale was that a regional sports event will help promote cooperation, understanding and relations among countries in the Southeast Asian region.

Thailand, Burma (now Myanmar), Malaya (now Malaysia), Laos, South Vietnam and Cambodia (with Singapore included thereafter) were the founding members. These countries agreed to hold the Games biennially. The SEAP Games Federation Committee was formed.

The first SEAP Games were held in Bangkok from 12–17 December 1959 comprising more than 527 athletes and officials from Thailand, Burma, Malaya (now Malaysia), Singapore, South Vietnam and Laos participating in 12 sports.

At the 8th SEAP Games in 1975, the SEAP Federation considered the inclusion of Brunei, Indonesia and the Philippines. These countries were formally admitted in 1977, the same year when SEAP Federation changed their name to Southeast Asian Games Federation (SEAGF), and the games were known as the Southeast Asian Games. East Timor was admitted at the 22nd Southeast Asian Games in Vietnam.

The 2009 Southeast Asian Games was the first time Laos has ever hosted a Southeast Asian Games (Laos had previously declined hosting the 1965 Southeast Asian Peninsular Games citing financial difficulties). Running from 9–18 December, it has also commemorated the 50 years of the Southeast Asian Games, held in Vientiane, Laos.

The recent games were held in Indonesia on 3–21 November 2011. The opening ceremony, which was held at Jakabaring Sport Center, Palembang, on November 11 (Nov 11 was chosen because of its numerical uniqueness 11-11-11), is said to be "The most glorious SEA Games Opening Ceremony ever held", with lots of performances and fireworks.[citation needed]

The next host for the 2013 Southeast Asian Games is Myanmar, while Singapore will host the 2015 Southeast Asian Games.

Participating Countries

Nation / IOC Designation Debuted IOC-Code Notes
 Cambodia
1959
CAM
-
 Laos (IOC designation: Lao People's Democratic Republic)
1959
LAO
-
 Malaysia
1959
MAS
-
 Myanmar
1959
MYA
BIR 1948–1992
 Singapore
1959
SIN
-
 Thailand
1959
THA
-
 Vietnam (IOC designation: Viet Nam)
1959
VIE
-
 Brunei (IOC designation: Brunei Darussalam)
1977
BRU
-
 Indonesia
1977
INA
IHO 1952
FIFA-code IDN
 Philippines
1977
PHI
-
 Timor-Leste
2003
TLS
IOA 2000

Sports

Below was the list of the types of sports played in the SEAG from 1959. the bullet mark () indicates that the sport was played in the respective year.

Sport 59 61 65 67 69 71 73 75 77 79 81 83 85 87 89 91 93 95 97 99 01 03 05 07 09 11
Aquatics
Archery
Arnis2
Athletics
Badminton
Baseball
Basketball
Billiards and Snooker1
Bodybuilding1
Bowling1
Boxing
Bridge
Canoe/Kayak
Chess1
Cycling
Dancesport3
Equestrian
Fencing
Finswimming1
Football
Golfo
Gymnastics
Handball
Hockey
Judo
Karate1
Kenpō
Lawn bowls3
Muay2
Paragliding
Pencak Silat2
Pétanque2
Polo1
Rowing
Roller Sport
Rugby union
Sailing
Sepak Takraw1
Shooting
Shuttle cock2
Softball
Squash1
Table tennis
Taekwondo
Tennis
Traditional boat race1
Triathlon
Volleyball4
Waterskio
Weightlifting
Wrestling
Wushu1
Vovinam
Wall climbing
Total events 12 13 12 16 15 15 16 18 18 18 18 18 22 26 26 27 27 30 34 17 33 29 40 43 25 41

1 – not an official Olympic Sport
2 – sport played only in the SEAG
3 – not a traditional Olympic nor SEAG Sport and introduced only by the host country.
4 – Beach volleyball was introduced in 1993.
o – a former official Olympic Sport, not applied in previous host countries and was introduced only by the host country.
h – sport not played in the previous edition and was reintroduced by the host country.

there is netball in 2001[1] and there is soft tennis and roller sport in 2011

Editions

Year Games Host City Winner (gold) 2nd (gold) 3rd (gold)
Southeast Asian Peninsular Games
1959 I Thailand Bangkok  Thailand (35)  Burma (11)  Malaya (8)
1961 II Myanmar Rangoon  Burma (35)  Thailand (21)  Malaya (16)
1963 III* Cambodia Phnom Penh CANCELLED
1965 III Malaysia Kuala Lumpur  Thailand (38)  Malaysia (33)  Singapore (18)
1967 IV Thailand Bangkok  Thailand (77)  Singapore (28)  Malaysia (23)
1969 V Myanmar Rangoon  Burma (57)  Thailand (32)  Singapore (31)
1971 VI Malaysia Kuala Lumpur  Thailand (44)  Malaysia (41)  Singapore (32)
1973 VII Singapore Singapore City  Thailand (47)  Singapore (45)  Malaysia (30)
1975 VIII Thailand Bangkok  Thailand (80)  Singapore (38)  Burma (28)
Southeast Asian Games
19771 IX Malaysia Kuala Lumpur  Indonesia (62)  Thailand (37)  Philippines (31)
1979 X Indonesia Jakarta  Indonesia (92)  Thailand (50)  Burma (26)
1981 XI Philippines Manila  Indonesia (85)  Thailand (62)  Philippines (55)
1983 XII Singapore Singapore City  Indonesia (64)  Philippines (49)  Thailand (49)
1985 XIII Thailand Bangkok  Thailand (92)  Indonesia (62)  Philippines (43)
1987 XIV Indonesia Jakarta  Indonesia (183)  Thailand (63)  Philippines (59)
1989 XV Malaysia Kuala Lumpur  Indonesia (102)  Malaysia (67)  Thailand (62)
1991 XVI Philippines Manila  Indonesia (92)  Philippines (90)  Thailand (72)
1993 XVII Singapore Singapore City  Indonesia (88)  Thailand (63)  Philippines (57)
1995 XVIII Thailand Chiang Mai2  Thailand (157)  Indonesia (77)  Philippines (33)
1997 XIX Indonesia Jakarta  Indonesia (194)  Thailand (83)  Malaysia (55)
1999 XX Brunei Bandar Seri Begawan  Thailand (65)  Malaysia (57)  Indonesia (44)
2001 XXI Malaysia Kuala Lumpur  Malaysia (111)  Thailand (103)  Indonesia (72)
2003 XXII Vietnam Hanoi and Ho Chi Minh City3  Vietnam (158)  Thailand (90)  Indonesia (55)
2005 XXIII Philippines Manila4  Philippines (113)  Thailand (87)  Vietnam (71)
2007 XXIV Thailand Nakhon Ratchasima5  Thailand (183)  Malaysia (68)  Vietnam (64)
2009 XXV Laos Vientiane  Thailand (86)  Vietnam (83)  Indonesia (43)
2011 XXVI Indonesia Jakarta and Palembang6  Indonesia (182)  Thailand (109)  Vietnam (96)
2013 XXVII Myanmar Naypyidaw
2015 XXVIII Singapore Singapore City
2017 XXIX Malaysia Kuala Lumpur[2]
2019 XXX Brunei Bandar Seri Begawan[3]
2021 [[2021 Southeast Asian Games|XXXI Philippines Manila and Two Other Main Cities the Bacolod city and Cebu

Gold medal tally

Hosting tally

1Cambodia was to host the 3rd Southeast Asiad but cancelled due to unsettling circumstances
2Singapore was assigned to host the 27th Southeast Asiad but it chose to give up the rights later

All-time medal count

As of the 2011 Southeast Asian Games.
COMBINED TOTALS
COUNTRY 1st place, gold medalist(s) GOLD 2nd place, silver medalist(s) SILVER 3rd place, bronze medalist(s) BRONZE TOTAL
 Thailand
1887
1562
1576
5025
 Indonesia
1602
1413
1395
4410
 Malaysia1
999
1027
1383
3409
 Philippines
835
971
1191
2997
 Singapore
710
788
1062
2560
 Vietnam4
625
591
683
1899
 Myanmar5
447
617
794
1858
 Laos
53
64
189
306
 Cambodia3
38
72
145
255
 Brunei
10
38
120
168
 East Timor
1
1
12
14
  • 1 Competed as Malaya in the inaugural games until 1961.
  • 2 The Republic of South Vietnam was dissolved in July 1976 when it merged with the Democratic Republic of Vietnam (North Vietnam) to become the Socialist Republic of Vietnam also known as Vietnam. Therefore, the medal counts for this country are considered to be as until 1975. International Olympic Committee (IOC) is not using codes for South Vietnam anymore after unifying with North Vietnam.
  • 3 Competed as Cambodia, Kampuchea, and Khmer Republic.
  • 4 In the 1989 edition, a unified Vietnam rejoined the games with new name and new flag. Medals made by South Vietnam are already combined here. See table tally above for South Vietnam.
  • 5 Competed as Burma until 1987.

Criticism

The games is unique in that there are no official limits to the number of sports which may be contested, and the range may be decided by the organising host pending approval by the Southeast Asian Games Federation. Albeit for some core sports which must be featured, the host is also free to drop or introduce other sports.

This leeway has resulted in hosts maximising their medal hauls by dropping sports which are disadvantages to themselves relative to their peers, and the introduction of obscure sports, often at short notice, thus preventing most other nations from building up credible opponents. Some examples of these include:

See also

References

  1. ^ http://www.olympic.org.my/web/gamesrecords/sea/sea_pmedaltally9907.htm
  2. ^ Bernama (July 18, 2012). "Malaysia to host 2017 SEA Games". The Star online. Retrieved 6 August 2012.
  3. ^ Jason Thomas (July 18, 2012). "SEA GAMES 'Brunei to host 2019 Games'". Brunei Times. Retrieved 6 August 2012.
  4. ^ Sports. "VietNamNet - SEA Games or a village festival | SEA Games or a village festival". English.vietnamnet.vn. Retrieved 2011-06-02.

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