Crocetin
| Crocetin[1] | |
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(2E,4E,6E,8E,10E,12E,14E)-2,6,11,15-tetramethylhexadeca-2,4,6,8,10,12, 14-heptaenedioic acid[2] |
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Other names
8,8'-Diapocarotenedioic acid[1] |
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| Identifiers | |
| CAS number | 27876-94-4  |
| PubChem | 5281232 |
| ChemSpider | 4444644  |
| UNII | 20TC155L9C |
| EC number | 248-708-0 |
| KEGG | C08588 |
| MeSH | crocetin |
| ChEBI | CHEBI:3918 |
| ChEMBL | CHEMBL464792 |
| Beilstein Reference | 1715455 |
| 3DMet | B02245 |
| Jmol-3D images | Image 1 |
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| Properties | |
| Molecular formula | C20H24O4 |
| Molar mass | 328.40 g mol−1 |
| Appearance | Red crystals |
| Melting point |
285 °C, 558 K, 545 °F |
| log P | 4.312 |
| Acidity (pKa) | 4.39 |
 (verify) (what is:  / ?)Except where noted otherwise, data are given for materials in their standard state (at 25 °C, 100 kPa) |
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| Infobox references | |
Crocetin is a natural carotenoid dicarboxylic acid that is found in the crocus flower and Gardenia jasminoides[3] (fruits). It forms brick red crystals with a melting point of 285 °C.
The chemical structure of crocetin is the central core of crocin, the compound responsible for the color of saffron.
Cell studies [edit]
Crocin and crocetin may provide neuroprotection in rats by reducing the production of various neurotoxic molecules, based on an in-vitro cell study.[4]
Physiological effects on mammals [edit]
A 2009 study involving 14 individuals indicated that oral administration of crocetin may decrease the effects of physical fatigue in healthy men.[5]
A recent (2010) pilot study investigated the effect of crocetin on sleep. The clinical trial comprised a double-blind, placebo-controlled, crossover trial of 21 healthy adult men with a mild sleep complaint. It concluded that crocetin may (p=0.025) contribute to improving the quality of sleep.[6]
References [edit]
- ^ a b Merck Index, 11th Edition, 2592.
- ^ PubChem 5281232
- ^ Umigai N, Murakami K, Ulit MV, et al. (May 2011). "The pharmacokinetic profile of crocetin in healthy adult human volunteers after a single oral administration". Phytomedicine 18 (7): 575–8. doi:10.1016/j.phymed.2010.10.019. PMID 21112749.
- ^ Nam KN, Park Y-M, Jung H-J, Lee JY, Min BD, Park S-U, Jung W-S, Cho K-H, Park J-H, Kang I, Hong J-W, Lee EH (2010). "Anti-inflammatory effects of crocin and crocetin in rat brain microglial cells.". European Journal of Pharmacology 648 (1–3): 110–6. doi:10.1016/j.ejphar.2010.09.003. PMID 20854811.
- ^ Mizuma H, Tanaka M, Nozaki S, Mizuno K, Tahara T, Ataka S, Sugino T, Shirai T, Kajimoto Y, Kuratsune H, Kajimoto O, Watanabe Y (March 2009). "Daily oral administration of crocetin attenuates physical fatigue in human subjects". Nutrition Research 29 (3): 145–50. doi:10.1016/j.nutres.2009.02.003. PMID 19358927.
- ^ Kuratsune H, Umigai N, Takeno R, Kajimoto Y, Nakano T (September 2010). "Effect of crocetin from Gardenia jasminoides Ellis on sleep: a pilot study". Phytomedicine 17 (11): 840–3. doi:10.1016/j.phymed.2010.03.025. PMID 20537515.
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