List of female nominees for the Nobel Prize

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Delegation from the Women's International League for Peace and Freedom leaving the White House after discussing peace issues with President Roosevelt.

The Nobel Prize (Swedish: Nobelpriset) is a set of five different prizes that, according to its benefactor Alfred Nobel, in his 1895 will, must be awarded "to those who, during the preceding year, have conferred the greatest benefit to humankind”. The five prizes are awarded in the fields of Physics, Chemistry, Physiology or Medicine, Literature, and Peace.[1]

Since 1901, the year wherein the awarding of the prizes began, a number of women have been considered and nominated carefully in each field. The first woman to win a Nobel Prize was Marie Curie, who won the Nobel Prize in Physics in 1903 with her husband, Pierre Curie, and Henri Becquerel.[2][3] Curie is also the only woman to have won multiple Nobel Prizes; in 1911, she won the Nobel Prize in Chemistry. Curie's daughter, Irène Joliot-Curie, won the Nobel Prize in Chemistry in 1935, making the two the only mother-daughter pair to have won Nobel Prizes.[2]

In 1922, Cécile Vogt-Mugnier became the first women nominated for prize in physiology or medicine but never won.[4] She was followed by Maud Slye who was nominated in the year 1923, but again never won. Only in 1947, that the Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine was finally awarded to a woman, Gerty Cori, sharing with her husband Carl Ferdinand Cori.[5]

The most number of female nominees was in the field of literature. The first woman to be nominated was the German memoirist Malwida von Meysenbug for the year 1901. She was nominated by the French historian Gabriel Monod but unfortunately she did not win the prize.[6] Her nomination was followed by Émilie Lerou, Bertha von Suttner and Selma Lagerlöf for the year 1904. Lagerlöf would later on become the first woman to win the prize in the year 1909.[7]

Physics

Starting from 1902 to 1970, 10 women have been nominated for the Nobel Prize in Physics and three of the nominees were subsequently awarded.

Picture Name Born Died Years Nominated Notes
1902
Marie Skłodowska Curie 7 November 1867
Warsaw, Poland 		4 July 1934
Passy, Haute-Savoie, France 		1902, 1903 Won the 1903 Nobel Prize in Physics with P.Curie and the 1911 Nobel Prize in Chemistry.[8]
1935
Irène Joliot-Curie September 12, 1897
Paris, France 		March 17, 1956
Paris, France 		1934, 1935 Won the 1935 Nobel Prize in Chemistry with Fr.Joliot-Curie.[9]
1937
Lise Meitner November 7, 1878
Vienna, Austria 		October 27, 1968
Cambridge, England 		1937, 1940, 1941, 1943, 1945, 1946, 1947, 1948, 1949, 1954, 1955, 1956, 1959, 1961, 1964, 1965 Nominated for the Nobel Prize in Chemistry too.[10]
1950
Marietta Blau April 29, 1894
Vienna, Austria 		January 27, 1970
Vienna, Austria 		1950, 1956, 1957 Nominated for the Nobel Prize in Chemistry too.[11]
Hertha Wambacher March 9, 1903
Vienna, Austria 		March 25, 1950
Vienna, Austria 		1950 Nominated jointly with M.Blau the only time by Erwin Schrödinger.[12]
Died before the only chance to be rewarded.
1955
Maria Goeppert-Mayer June 28, 1906
Katowice, Poland 		February 2, 1972
San Diego, California, United States 		1955, 1956, 1957, 1958, 1959, 1960, 1962, 1963 Won the 1963 Nobel Prize in Physics with J.H.D.Jensen.[13]
1956
Dorothy Crowfoot Hodgkin May 12, 1910
Cairo, Egypt 		July 29, 1994
Ilmington, England 		1956, 1957, 1959, 1960, 1961 Won the 1964 Nobel Prize in Chemistry.[14]
1958
Chien-Shiung Wu May 31, 1912
Liuhe, Taicang, China 		February 16, 1997
New York City, New York, United States 		1958, 1959, 1960, 1964, 1965 [15]
1964
Margaret Peachey Burbidge August 12, 1919
Stockport, England 		April 5, 2020
San Francisco, California, United States 		1964 Nominated jointly with W. Alfred Fowler and Fr.Hoyle the only time by H.Cl.Urey.[16]
1970
Janine Connes 1934
France 		1970 Nominated jointly with P.Connes and R.B.Leighton the only time by R.Wildt.[17]

Chemistry

Starting 1911 to 1970, 15 women have been nominated for the Nobel Prize in Chemistry and 3 of these nominees were subsequently awarded.

Picture Name Born Died Years Nominated Notes
1911
Marie Skłodowska Curie November 7, 1867
Warsaw, Poland 		July 4, 1934
Sancellemoz, France 		1911 Won the 1911 Nobel Prize in Chemistry
and the 1903 Nobel Prize in Physics.[8]
1924
Lise Meitner November 7, 1878
Vienna, Austria 		October 27, 1968
Cambridge, England 		1924, 1925, 1929, 1930, 1933, 1934, 1936, 1937, 1939, 1941, 1942, 1946, 1947, 1948 Nominated for Nobel Prize in Physics too.[10]
1933
Ida Tacke Noddack February 25, 1896
Rhine Province, Germany 		September 24, 1978
Bad Neuenahr-Ahrweiler, Germany 		1933, 1935, 1937 Nominated jointly with W.Noddack only.[18]
1935
Irène Joliot-Curie September 12, 1897
Paris, France 		March 17, 1956
Paris, France 		1935 Won the 1935 Nobel Prize in Chemistry jointly with Frédéric Joliot
and nominated for Nobel Prize in Physics too.[9]
1939
Dorothy Maud Wrinch September 12, 1894
Rosario, Santa Fe, Argentina 		February 11, 1976
Falmouth, Massachusetts, United States 		1939 [9]
1950
Dorothy Crowfoot Hodgkin May 12, 1910
Cairo, Egypt 		July 29, 1994
Ilmington, England 		1950, 1956, 1957, 1959, 1960, 1961, 1962, 1963, 1964 Won the 1964 Nobel Prize in Chemistry
and nominated for Nobel Prize in Physics too.[14]
Thérèse Boyer Tréfouël June 19, 1892
Paris, France 		November 9, 1978
Paris, France 		1950 Nominated the only time jointly with J.Tréfouël and Gl.Alb.H.Buttle.[19]
1952
Marguerite Perey October 19, 1909
Villemomble, France 		May 13, 1975
Louveciennes, France 		1952, 1958, 1961, 1965, 1966 [20]
1956
Joan Folkes 1927
Staffordshire, England 		? 1956 Nominated jointly with Ern.Gale the only time by J.H.Northrop.[21]
1957
Marietta Blau April 29, 1894
Vienna, Austria 		January 27, 1970
Vienna, Austria 		1957 Nominated for Nobel Prize in Physics too.[11]
1958
Maria Goeppert-Mayer June 28, 1906
Katowice, Poland 		February 2, 1972
San Diego, California, United States 		1958 Won the 1963 Nobel Prize in Physics.[11]
1960
Martha Cowles Chase November 30, 1927
Cleveland Heights, Ohio, United States 		August 8, 2003
Lorain, Ohio, United States 		1960 Nominated jointly with A.Hershey, A.Gierer, H.Fraenkel-Conrat and G.Schramm the only time by J.H.Northrop.[22]
1963
Alberte Bucher-Pullman August 26, 1920
Nantes, France 		January 7, 2011
Paris, France 		1963, 1965 Nominated jointly with Bernard Pullman only.[23]
1967
Mary Belle Allen November 11, 1922
Morristown, New Jersey 		1973
Fairbanks, Alaska 		1967 Nominated jointly with D.I.Arnon and Frederick Whatley the only time by J.H.Northrop.[24]
1968
Erika Cremer May 20, 1900
Munich, Germany 		September 21, 1996
Innsbruck, Austria 		1968 Nominated the only time by Fr.X.M.Th.Patat.[25]

Physiology or Medicine

Starting from 1922 to 1953, 13 women have been nominated for the Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine and one of the nominees was subsequently awarded.

Picture Name Born Died Years Nominated Notes
1922
Cécile Vogt-Mugnier March 27, 1875
Annecy, France 		May 4, 1962
Cambridge, England 		1922, 1923, 1926, 1928, 1929, 1930, 1950, 1951, 1953 Nominated jointly with Oskar Vogt only.[26]
1923
Maud Caroline Slye February 8, 1879
Minneapolis, Minnesota, United States 		September 17, 1954
Chicago, Illinois, United States 		1923 Nominated the only time by Albert Soiland (1873-1946) from the University of Southern California.[27]
1925
Gladys Rowena Henry Dick December 18, 1881
Pawnee City, Nebraska, United States 		August 21, 1963
Palo Alto, California, United States 		1925, 1926, 1927, 1928, 1935 Nominated jointly with George Frederick Dick only.[28]
1930
Alice Bernheim September 28, 1878
Cincinnati, Ohio, United States 		July 14, 1968
Cincinnati, Ohio, United States 		1930 Nominated the only time by William Cogswell Clarke (1872-1943) from the Columbia University. [29]
1939
Marion Blankenhorn November 13, 1885
Orrville, Ohio, United States 		September 7, 1957
Wooster, Ohio, United States 		1939 Nominated jointly with T.D.Spies and Clark Niel Cooper (1904-1973) from the University of Cincinnati only.[30]
May Tweedy Mellanby September 9, 1882
London, England 		March 5, 1978
London, England 		1939 Nominated jointly with Edw.Mellanby only.[31]
Susan Smith December 9, 1897
Greenville, South Carolina, United States 		October 3, 1983
Durham, North Carolina, United States 		1939 Nominated jointly with David Tillerson Smith (1898-1981) and Julian Ruffin (1900-1978) from the Durham University the only time by Osv.Polimanti.[32]
1940
Olive Watkins Smith April 29, 1901
Worcester, Massachusetts, United States 		1983
Brookline, Massachusetts, United States 		1940 Nominated jointly with George Van Siclen Smith (1900-1984) the only time by Frank Arthur Pemberton from Harvard Medical School.[33]
No Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine has been awarded this year.
1946
Gerty Theresa Radnitz-Cori August 15, 1896
Prague, Czech Republic 		October 25, 1957
Glendale, Missouri, United States 		1946, 1947 Won the 1947 Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine with Carl Ferdinand Cori and Bernardo Houssay.[34]
1947
Helen Brooke Taussig May 24, 1898
Cambridge, Massachusetts, United States 		May 20, 1986
Chester County, Pennsylvania, United States 		1947, 1949, 1950, 1951, 1952, 1953 [35]
1951
Miriam Friedman Menkin August 8, 1901
Riga, Latvia 		June 8, 1992
Boston, Massachusetts, United States 		1951 Nominated jointly with J.Rock and Roger Alfred Auguste Vendrely (1910-1998) from the University of Strasbourg the only time by Bożydar Szabuniewicz (1901-1986) from the Jagiellonian University.[36]
Madge Thurlow Macklin February 6, 1893
Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, United States 		March 4, 1962
Columbus, Ohio, United States 		1951 Nominated the only time by Charles Clifford Macklin (1883-1959) from the Western University.[37]
1952
Elizabeth Bugie Gregory October 5, 1920
New Brunswick, New Jersey, United States 		April 10, 2001
New Brunswick, New Jersey, United States 		1952 Nominated jointly with S.Waksman and Alb.Schatz the only time by Jevrem Nedelkovitch (1888-1978) from the University of Belgrade.[38]

Literature

From 1901 to 1971, 72 women have been nominated for the Nobel Prize in Literature and 6 of these nominees were subsequently awarded.

Picture Name Born Died Years Nominated Notes
1901
Malwida von Meysenbug October 28, 1816
Kassel, Germany 		April 23, 1903
Rome, Italy 		1901 Nominated jointly with L.A.Sabatier the only time by G.Monod.[39]
1904
Selma Lagerlöf November 20, 1858
Värmland, Sweden 		March 16, 1940
Värmland, Sweden 		1904, 1905, 1906, 1907, 1908, 1909 Won the 1909 Nobel Prize in Literature.[40]
Émilie Lerou 1855
France 		1935
France 		1904 Nominated the only time by J.Ars.Arn.Claretie.[41]
1905
Eliza Orzeszkowa June 6, 1841
Mil'kovshchina, Belarus 		May 18, 1910
Grodno, Belarus 		1905 [42]
1908
Elisabeth Förster-Nietzsche July 10, 1846
Lützen, Germany 		November 8, 1935
Weimar, Germany 		1908, 1916, 1917, 1923 Nominated the only time by H.Vaihinger.[43]
1910
Molly Elliot Seawell October 23, 1860
Gloucester, United States 		November 15, 1916
Washington, D.C., United States 		1910, 1911 Nominated by Charles William Kent (1860-1917) from the University of Virginia only.[44]
Marie von Ebner-Eschenbach September 13, 1830
Troubky-Zdislavice, Czechia 		March 12, 1916
Vienna, Austria 		1910, 1911 Nominated by Em.Reich only.[45]
1913
Grazia Deledda Madesani September 28, 1871
Nuoro, Italy 		August 15, 1936
Rome, Italy 		1913, 1914, 1915, 1917, 1918, 1920, 1921, 1922, 1923, 1924, 1925, 1927 Won the 1926 Nobel Prize in Literature.[46]
1914
Dora Melegari June 27, 1849
Lausanne, Switzerland 		July 31, 1924
Rome, Italy 		1914, 1923 [47]
1922
Sigrid Undset Svarstad May 20, 1882
Kalundborg, Denmark 		June 10, 1949
Lillehammer, Norway 		1922, 1925, 1926, 1928 Won the 1928 Nobel Prize in Literature.[48]
Matilde Serao Scarfoglio March 7, 1856
Patras, Greece 		July 25, 1927
Naples, Italy 		1922, 1923, 1924, 1925 [49]
1926
Sofía Casanova Lutosławski September 30, 1861
A Coruña, Spain 		January 16, 1958
Poznań, Poland 		1926 [50]
Ada Negri Garlanda February 3, 1870
Lodi, Italy 		January 11, 1945
Milan, Italy 		1926, 1927 [51]
Concha Espina de la Serna April 15, 1869
Santander, Spain 		May 19, 1955
Madrid, Spain 		1926, 1927, 1928, 1929, 1930, 1931, 1932, 1952, 1954 [52]
1927
Edith Jones Wharton January 24, 1862
New York City, New York, United States 		August 11, 1937
Saint-Brice-sous-Forêt, France 		1927, 1928, 1930 [53]
1928
File:Anna de Noailles Dornac (cropped).jpg Anna Elisabeth de Noailles November 15, 1876
Paris, France 		April 30, 1933
Paris, France 		1928 Nominated the only time by T.Hedberg.[54]
Edith Annie Howes August 29, 1872
London, England 		June 14, 1954
Dunedin, New Zealand 		1928 Nominated the only time by Francis Prendeville Wilson (b. 1874) from the Victoria University of Wellington.[55]
Blanca de los Ríos de Lampérez August 15, 1956
Seville, Spain 		April 13, 1956
Madrid, Spain 		1928 [56]
Ricarda Huch July 18, 1864
Brunswick, Germany 		November 17, 1947
Kronberg, Germany 		1928, 1935, 1937, 1946 [57]
1930
Clotilde Crespo de Arvelo September 19, 1887
Los Teques, Venezuela 		(?) 1959
Caracas, Venezuela 		1930 Nominated the only time by Manuel María Villalobos from the Academia Venezolana de la Lengua.[58]
1931
Laura Mestre Hevia April 6, 1867
Havana, Cuba 		January 11, 1944
Havana, Cuba 		1931 Nominated the only time by Juan Miguel Dihigo Mestre (1866-1952) from the University of Havana.[59]
Ivana Brlić-Mažuranić April 18, 1874
Ogulin, Croatia 		September 21, 1928
Zagreb, Croatia 		1931, 1935, 1937, 1938 [60]
1934
Maria Madalena de Martel Patrício April 19, 1884
Lisbon, Portugal 		November 3, 1947
Lisbon, Portugal 		1934, 1935, 1937, 1938, 1939, 1940, 1941, 1942, 1943, 1944, 1945, 1946, 1947 [61]
1935
Violet Beauclerk Clifton November 2, 1883
Rome, Italy 		November 20, 1961
Lytham St Annes, England 		1935 Nominated the only time by Nevill Coghill.[62]
Elise Richter March 2, 1865
Vienna, Austria 		June 23, 1943
Theresienstadt Ghetto, Czechia 		1935 Richter was the only nominee for the Nobel Prize in Literature who was killed by the Nazi officials during World War II.[63]
No Nobel Prize in Literature was awarded this year.
1936
Enrica von Handel-Mazzetti January 10, 1871
Vienna, Austria 		April 8, 1955
Linz, Austria 		1936 [64]
Cécile Tormay October 8, 1875
Budapest, Hungary 		April 2, 1937
Gyöngyös, Hungary 		1936, 1937 [65]
1937
Maria Jotuni Tarkiainen April 9, 1880
Kuopio, Finland 		September 30, 1943
Helsinki, Finland 		1937 Nominated the only time by V.Tarkiainen.[66]
Sally Salminen Dürhkop April 25, 1906
Vårdö, Åland 		July 18, 1976
Copenhagen, Denamrk 		1937, 1938, 1939 [67]
Maila Talvio Mikkola October 17, 1871
Hartola, Finland 		January 6, 1951
Helsinki, Finland 		1937, 1939, 1947 [68]
1938
Pearl Sydenstricker Buck June 26, 1892
Hillsboro, West Virginia, United States 		March 6, 1973
Danby, Vermont, United States 		1938 Won the 1938 Nobel Prize in Literature.[69]
Margaret Mitchell November 8, 1900
Atlanta, Georgia, United States 		August 16, 1949
Atlanta, Georgia, United States 		1938 Nominated the only time by Sv.Hedin.[70]
Henriette Charasson February 13, 1884
Le Havre, France 		May 29, 1972
Toulouse, France 		1938, 1939, 1940, 1941, 1943, 1944, 1947, 1949, 1954, 1957 [71]
1939
Ethel Florence Richardson January 3, 1870
East Melbourne, Australia 		March 20, 1946
Hastings, England 		1939 Nominated the only time by St.B.Liljegren.[72]
Henriette Roland Holst-van der Schalk December 24, 1869
Noordwijk, Netherlands 		November 21, 1952
Amsterdam, Netherlands 		1939, 1950, 1952 [73]
Maria Szumka Dąbrowska October 6, 1889
Russów, Poland 		May 19, 1965
Warsaw, Poland 		1939, 1957, 1959, 1960, 1965 [74]
1940
Gabriela Mistral April 7, 1889
Vicuña, Chile 		January 10, 1957
Hempstead, New York, United States 		1940, 1941, 1942, 1943, 1944, 1945 Won the 1945 Nobel Prize in Literature.[75]
1941
Ruth Comfort Mitchell Young July 21, 1882
San Francisco, California, United States 		February 18, 1954
Los Gatos, California, United States 		1941 No Nobel Prize in Literature was awarded this year.[76]
1943
Elisaveta Bagryana April 16, 1893
Sofia, Bulgaria 		March 23, 1991
Sofia, Bulgaria 		1943, 1944, 1945, 1969[77] [78]
1945
Marie Under Adson March 27, 1883
Tallinn, Estonia 		September 25, 1980
Stockholm, Sweden 		1945, 1946, 1947, 1948, 1949, 1950, 1955, 1958, 1968,[79] 1969,[77] 1970,[80] 1971[81] [82]
1948
Sidonie-Gabrielle Colette January 28, 1873
Saint-Sauveur-en-Puisaye, France 		August 3, 1954
Paris, France 		1948 Nominated the only time by Cl.Farrère.[83]
Dorothy Canfield Fisher February 17, 1879
Lawrence, Kansas, United States 		November 9, 1958
Arlington, Vermont, United States 		1948, 1949 Nominated by D.Baumgardt only.[84]
1950
Karen von Blixen-Finecke April 17, 1885
Rungsted, Denmark 		September 7, 1962
Rungsted, Denamrk 		1950, 1955, 1956, 1957, 1958, 1959, 1960, 1961, 1962 [85]
Gertrud von Le Fort October 11, 1876
Minden, Germany 		November 1, 1971
Oberstdorf, Germany 		1950, 1957, 1958, 1959, 1961, 1962, 1963 [86]
1951
María Enriqueta Camarillo de Monter February 19, 1872
Coatepec, Mexico 		February 13, 1968
Mexico City, Mexico 		1951 Nominated the only time by Leavitt Olds Wright (b. 1891) from the University of Oregon.[87]
Katharine Susannah Prichard Throssell December 4, 1883
Levuka, Fiji 		October 2, 1969
Greenmount, Australia 		1951 [88]
1955
Edith Louisa Sitwell September 7, 1887
Scarborough, England 		December 9, 1964
London, England 		1955, 1958, 1959 [89]
1956
Melpo Axioti July 15, 1905
Athens, Greece 		May 22, 1973
Athens, Greece 		1956 Nominated the only time by A.Bonnard.[90]
Marthe Lahovary Bibesco January 28, 1886
Bucharest, Romania 		November 28, 1973
Paris, France 		1956 [91]
Elizabeth de Beauchamp Goudge April 24, 1900
Wells, England 		April 1, 1984
Oxfordshire, England 		1956, 1959 Nominated by Edm.Privat only.[92]
1958
Elizabeth Bowen Cameron June 7, 1899
Dublin, Ireland 		February 22, 1973
London, England 		1958 Nominated the only time by R.Jakobson.[93]
1959
Juana Fernández Morales de Ibarbourou March 8, 1892
Melo, Uruguay 		July 15, 1979
Montevideo, Uruguay 		1959, 1960, 1963 [94]
María Raquel Adler ca. 1900 July 28, 1974
Bernal, Argentina 		1959, 1965 [95]
Anna Seghers November 19, 1900
Mainz, Germany 		June 1, 1983
East Berlin, Germany 		1959, 1967, 1968,[79] 1969[77] [96]
1960
Marie Noël February 16, 1883
Auxerre, France 		December 23, 1967
Auxerre, France 		1960 Nominated the only time by Maurice Bemol (1900-1961) from the Saarland University.[97]
1961
Cora Sandel December 20, 1880
Oslo, Norway 		April 3, 1974
Uppsala, Sweden 		1961 Nominated the only time by H.Ofstad.[98]
Giulia Scappino Mureno 1902 after 1967 1961, 1962 Nominated by the Alfr.Galletti only and for the Nobel Peace Prize too.[99]
Simone Lucie de Beauvoir January 9, 1908
Paris, France 		April 14, 1986
Paris, France 		1961, 1969[77] [100]
1963
Nelly Sachs December 10, 1891
Berlin, Germany 		May 12, 1970
Stockholm, Sweden 		1963, 1964, 1965, 1966 Won the 1966 Nobel Prize in Literature with Shm.Y.Agnon.[101]
Ingeborg Bachmann June 25, 1926
Klagenfurt, Austria 		October 17, 1973
Rome, Italy 		1963 Nominated the only time by H.Patzer.[102]
Kate Roberts-Williams February 13, 1891
Rhosgadfan, Wales 		April 4, 1985
Denbigh, Wales 		1963 Nominated the only time by Idr.Ll.Foster.[103]
1964
Ina Seidel September 15, 1885
Halle (Saale), Germany 		October 2, 1974
Schäftlarn, Germany 		1964 Nominated the only time by G.Jachmann.[104]
Judith Wright McKinney May 31, 1915
Armidale, Australia 		June 25, 2000
Canberra, Australia 		1964, 1965, 1967[105] [106]
Katherine Anne Porter May 15, 1890
Indian Creek, Texas, United States 		September 18, 1980
Silver Spring, Maryland, United States 		1964, 1965, 1966, 1967,[105] 1968[79] [107]
1965
Marguerite Yourcenar June 8, 1903
Brussels, Belgium 		December 17, 1987
Northeast Harbor, Maine, United States 		1965 Nominated the only time by I.-M.Frandon.[108]
Anna Akhmatova June 28, 1889
Odesa, Ukraine 		March 5, 1966
Domodedovo, Russia 		1965, 1966 [109]
Marie Luise Kaschnitz January 31, 1901
Karlsruhe, Germany 		October 10, 1974
Rome, Italy 		1965, 1967[105] Nominated by the H.Tiemann only.[110]
1967
Lina Kostenko March 19, 1930
Rzhyshchiv, Ukraine 		1967[105] Nominated jointly with P.Tychyna and Iv.Drach the only time by Om.Pritsak.[111]
1968
Marianne Moore November 15, 1887
Kirkwood, Missouri, United States 		February 5, 1972
New York City, United States 		1968[79] Nominated the only time by Er.Lindegren.[112]
Mildred Matthews Breedlove May 27, 1904
Coal Hill, Arkansas, United States 		August 14, 1994
Ferron, Utah, United States 		1968[79] Nominated the only time.[113]
1969
Nathalie Sarraute July 18, 1900
Ivanovo-Voznesensk, Russia 		October 19, 1999
Paris, France 		1969[77] Nominated the only time by L.Gyllensten.[114]
1970
Victoria Ocampo April 7, 1890
Buenos Aires, Argentina 		January 27, 1979
Béccar, Argentina 		1970[80] Nominated the only time by M.Alfr.Olivera.[115]

Peace

From 1901 to 1971, 48 women have been nominated for the Nobel Peace Prize and four of these nominees were subsequently awarded.

Picture Name Born Died Years Nominated Notes
1901
Bertha Sophie von Suttner[a] June 9, 1843
Prague, Czechia 		June 21, 1914
Vienna, Austria 		1901, 1902, 1903, 1904, 1905 Won the 1905 Nobel Peace Prize.[116]
Belva Ann Bennett Lockwood[b] October 24, 1830
Royalton, New York, United States 		May 19, 1917
Washington, D.C., United States 		1901, 1914 [117]
1903
Priscilla Hannah Peckover[c] October 27, 1833
Wisbech, England 		September 8, 1931
Wisbech, England 		1903, 1905, 1911, 1913 [118]
1905
Henriette Verdier Winteler de Weindeck[d] January 9, 1832
London, England 		March 20, 1910
London, England 		1905, 1907, 1910 [119]
1910
Angela de Oliveira Cézar de Costa[e] ca. 1860
Entre Ríos Province, Argentina 		June 25, 1940
Buenos Aires, Argentina 		1910, 1911 [120]
1913
Anna Bernhardine Eckstein June 14, 1868
Coburg, Germany 		October 16, 1947
Coburg, Germany 		1913 Nominated the only time by N.A.Nilsson.[121]
Lucia True Ames Mead[f] May 5, 1856
Boscawen, New Hampshire, United States 		November 1, 1936
Boston, Massachusetts, United States 		1913 Nominated jointly with her husband Edwin Doak Mead (1849-1937) from the American Peace League the only time by S.Tr.Dutton.[122]
1916
Jane Addams[g] September 6, 1860
Cedarville, Illinois, United States 		May 21, 1935
Chicago, Illinois, United States 		1916, 1923, 1924, 1925, 1928, 1929, 1930, 1931 Won the 1931 Nobel Peace Prize.[123]
1917
Rosika Bédy-Schwimmer[h] September 11, 1877
Budapest, Hungary 		August 3, 1948
New York City, New York, United States 		1917, 1948 [124]
1919
Mary Shapard ?
Texas, United States 		?
Texas, United States 		1919 [125]
1920
Caroline Rémy de Guebhard April 27, 1855
Paris, France 		April 24, 1929
Pierrefonds, France 		1920, 1922, 1924, 1927, 1929 Nominated by L.Le Foyer only.[126]
1922
Eglantyne Jebb August 25, 1876
Ellesmere, England 		December 17, 1928
Geneva, Switezrland 		1922 [127]
Elsa Brändström Ulich[i] March 26, 1888
Saint Petersburg, Russia 		March 4, 1948
Boston, Massachusetts, United States 		1922, 1923, 1928, 1929 [128]
1931
Annie Wood Besant[j] October 1, 1847
Clapham, England 		September 20, 1933
Adyar, Chennai, India 		1931 Nominated the only time by P.Freeman.[129]
Ishbel Hamilton-Gordon, Marchioness of Aberdeen and Temair[k] March 15, 1857
London, England 		April 18, 1939
Aberdeen, Scotland 		1931, 1932, 1934, 1935, 1936, 1937 [130]
1933
Margit Antonia Bárczy[l] November 29, 1877
Budapest, Hungary 		March 26, 1934
Paris, France 		1933 Nominated the only time by Ch.Dupuis.[131]
1935
Janet Miller ? ? 1935 [132]
Julie Bikle January 8, 1871
Lucerne, Switzerland 		May 11, 1962
Winterthur, Switzerland 		1935, 1936, 1937 Nominated by Otto Pfister (1875–1939) from the Swiss parliament only.[133]
1936
Moina Belle Michael[m] August 15, 1869
Good Hope, Georgia, United States 		May 10, 1944
Athens, Georgia, United States 		1936 [134]
Irma Schweitzer-Meyer[n] January 30, 1882
Baden, Switzerland 		July 4, 1967
Zürich, Switzerland 		1936, 1937 Nominated by N.A.Nilsson only.[135]
1937
Henrietta Szold[o] December 21, 1860
Baltimore, Maryland, United States 		February 13, 1945
Jerusalem, Israel 		1937 Nominated the only time by R.S.Copeland.[136]
1938
Princess Henriette of Belgium November 30, 1870
Brussels, Belgium 		March 28, 1948
Sierre, Switzerland 		1938 [137]
1939
Carrie Chapman Catt[p] January 9, 1859
Ripon, Wisconsin, United States 		March 9, 1947
New Rochelle, New York, United States 		1939 [138]
1946
Emily Greene Balch[q] January 8, 1867
Boston, Massachusetts, United States 		January 9, 1961
Cambridge, Massachusetts, United States 		1946 Won the 1946 Nobel Peace Prize with John Mott.[139]
Alexandra Kollontai[r] March 31, 1872
Saint Petersburg, Russia 		March 9, 1952
Moscow, Russia 		1946, 1947 [140]
1947
Anna Eleanor Roosevelt[s] October 11, 1884
New York City, New York, United States 		November 7, 1962
Manhattan, New York, United States 		1947, 1949, 1955, 1959, 1962 [141]
1948
Katharine Bruce Glasier[t] September 25, 1867
Stoke Newington, London, England 		June 14, 1950
Earby, England 		1948 Nominated the only time by G.McAllister.[142]
1949
María Eva Duarte Perón[u] May 7, 1919
Los Toldos, Argentina 		July 26, 1952
Buenos Aires, Argentina 		1949 Nominated jointly with her husband J.Perón the only time by the member of the Argentine parliament Virgilio Filippo (1896-1969).[143]
Maria Tecla Montessori[v] August 31, 1870
Chiaravalle, Italy 		May 6, 1952
Noordwijk, Netherlands 		1949, 1950, 1951 [144]
1951
Queen Wilhelmina of the Netherlands[w] August 31, 1880
Noordeinde Palace, South Holland, Netherlands 		November 28, 1962
Paleis Het Loo, Apeldoorn, Netherlands 		1951 [145]
1952
Ada Barbara Waylen[x] 1906
? 1952 Nominated the only time by N.Bentwich.[146]
Elisabeth Friederike Rotten[y] February 15, 1882
Berlin, Germany 		May 2, 1964
London, England 		1952, 1956, 1957, 1959, 1960, 1961 [147]
1953
Margaret Higgins Sanger[z] September 14, 1879
Corning, New York, United States 		September 6, 1966
Tucson, Arizona, United States 		1953, 1954, 1955, 1956, 1960, 1963 [148]
1954
Helen Adams Keller[aa] June 27, 1880
Tuscumbia, Alabama, United States 		June 1, 1968
Easton, Connecticut, United States 		1954, 1958 [149]
1955
Gertrud Baer[ab] November 25, 1890
Halberstadt, Germany 		December 15, 1981
Geneva, Switzerland 		1955, 1956, 1957, 1958, 1959 [150]
1959
Olave St. Clair Baden-Powell[ac] February 22, 1889
Chesterfield, England 		June 25, 1977
Bramley, England 		1959 [151]
1961
Marie-Elisabeth Lüders[ad] June 25, 1878
Berlin, Germany 		March 23, 1966
Berlin, Germany 		1961 Nominated the only time by Er.Mende.[152]
Lotta Hitschmanova[ae] November 28, 1909
Prague, Czech Republic 		August 1, 1990
Ottawa, Canada 		1961, 1962 Nominated by Arthur R. Smith only.[153]
Gertrud Kurz-Hohl[af] March 15, 1890
Lutzenberg, Switzerland 		June 26, 1972
Lutzenberg, Switzerland 		1961, 1962 [154]
Giulia Scappino Mureno[ag] ? ? 1961, 1962 Nominated by the member of the Italian Parliament Udo Redano only and for the Nobel Prize in Literature too.[99]
1962
Maude Miner Hadden[ah] 1880
Massachusetts, United States 		1967
Massachusetts, United States 		1962 Nominated the only time by Åke Sandler (1913-2008) from the Los Angeles State College.[155]
1963
Catherine Devilliers (LEBLANC, Marie - Catherine)[ai] December 30, 1923
Montpellier, France 		1963 [156]
Stella Monk[aj] ?
United Kingdom 		?
United Kingdom 		1963 Nominated the only time by Sierra Leone Minister of Finance Mohammed Sanusi Mustapha (1903-1993).[157]
1967
Margaret Susan Cheshire[ak] July 3, 1924
Leeds, England 		November 2, 2000
Bury St Edmunds, England 		1967, 1968 [158]
1969
Kaoru Hatoyama[al] 21 November 1888
Yokohama, Kanagawa, Japan 		15 August 1982
Tokyo, Japan 		1969 [159]
1970
Alva Reimer-Myrdal[am] 31 January 1902
Uppsala, Sweden 		1 February 1986
Stockholm, Sweden 		1970 Won the 1982 Nobel Peace Prize with Alfonso García Robles.[160]
Britta Holmström[an] 8 April 1911
Jönköping, Sweden 		4 October 1992
Lund, Sweden 		1970 [161]
1971
Louise Weiss 25 January 1893
Arras, Pas-de-Calais, France 		26 May 1983
Paris, France 		1971 [162]

Motivations

  1. ^ "Suttner was the author of the novel Die Waffen nieder! ("Lay Down Your Arms!"), the most important antiwar novel of the period. She was the founder and president of the Austrian Peace Society (1891), and she contributed to the foundation of the Permanent International Peace Bureau (1891). Suttner was nominated for her contribution to the international peace movement."
  2. ^ "Lockwood attended several international peace conferences. She supported Bajer in his work to found the Permanent International Peace Bureau, and she founded a branch of the Bureau in Washington. She was for a long time associated with the Universal Peace Union in Philadelphia and an ardent promoter of arbitration."
  3. ^ "Peckover founded the Wisbech Local Peace Association. She was editor and publisher of the journal Peace and Goodwill and supported peace work in and outside of Great Britain, especially in the Nordic countries."
  4. ^ "Author of the book De la paix, du desarmement, et de la solution du probleme social."
  5. ^ "Nominated for her efforts to end the conflict between Argentina and Chile."
  6. ^ "Lucia Mead rendered Edwin Mead great assistance in his peace work both through speeches and writings, and she attended most of the conferences and congresses her husband participated in. She was also a peace worker in her own right. President of the peace and arbitration department of the National Women Suffrage Association, vice-president of the American Peace Society and member of the Council of the World Peace Foundation."
  7. ^ "Addams was the co-founder and president of the Women's Peace Party (1915). In 1915 she attended the Women's Peace Conference at The Hague, and she was elected president of the International Committee of Women for Permanent Peace. After the conference Addams and several of the delegates went on a peace mission to the European political leaders and to the American president. Addams was elected president of the newly formed Women's International League for Peace and Freedom (WILPF) at the second Women's Peace Conference in 1919. She presided over the 4th regular peace conference held by the WILPF in Washington in 1924. It adopted a manifesto stating that civilization can only be rebuilt on international justice, renouncing the Treaty of Versailles. It furthermore demanded democratic control over foreign policy, social peace and a stronger international organization."
  8. ^ "Schwimmer initiated the Ford Neutral Conference in 1915, and she was one of the founding members of Women's International League for Peace and Freedom (1919). She started peace missions to both neutral and belligerent countries (adopted by the peace conference). She committed the last part of her life to the movement to create a federal world government."
  9. ^ "Brändström worked as delegate, advisor and co-organizer for the Swedish Red Cross. She traveled extensively throughout Russia and contributed greatly to the relief work for prisoners of war in Russia and Siberia (1914-1920). She visited prison camps, escorted prisoners home, and she organized the repatriation of German and Austrian prisoners after the war."
  10. ^ "Besant was actively involved in educational and humanitarian work in India. She established the Indian Home Rule League in 1916, and she was elected leader of the Indian nationalist congress in 1917. The nominator stressed her efforts to solve the Indian "problem", and thereby secure world peace by uniting East and West. Besant was the international president of the Theosophical Society (1907-1933)."
  11. ^ "Lady Aberdeen advocated peace and understanding through her work as president of the International Council of Women."
  12. ^ "Princess Djabadary had written the libretto to an opera that carried a peaceful message. The opera was composed by her husband."
  13. ^ "Michael had initiated the use of a poppy as a symbol of remembrance and hope in the aftermath of World War I. It was adopted as the National Emblem in commemoration of American soldiers who perished in France, and in 1920 the American Legion adopted the poppy as the National American Legion Memorial Flower."
  14. ^ "Irma Schweitzer was the author of the book Sur le chemin de la Paix, which the nominator considered to be eminently suitable for teaching."
  15. ^ "Szold had established a home in Palestine for Jewish people, and after 1933 she helped numerous German Jews to a new life in Palestine."
  16. ^ "Catt was president of the International Female Suffrage Alliance. She initiated the Women's Peace Party in Washington in 1915, and she was one of the delegates to the International Women's Peace Congress at The Hague in 1915. Catt was chairman of the Committee on the Cause and Cure of War 1925-1932. She worked to create greater understanding between persons from different countries."
  17. ^ "Balch had actively worked for peace since 1915, and she had been one of the leaders of the Women's International League for Peace and Freedom since 1919. She promoted disarmament, and she opposed US isolationism and neutrality, claiming that neutrality was selfish. Balch strongly advocated the need to resist fascism and aggression through non-violent methods and international co-operation. She also established summer schools to promote peace. During the 1930s she aided Jewish refugees fleeing persecution in Nazi Germany. Initially she opposed WWII because she opposed all war in general, but she supported US entry into the war in 1941. Balch saw Nazism as the personification of evil and a threat to humanity that had to be stopped."
  18. ^ "Kollontai was nominated for her diplomatic efforts to end war and hostilities between the Soviet Union and Finland during the negotiations in 1940-44, and for her work for the benefit of the Nordic countries."
  19. ^ "Roosevelt was nominated for her work to further understanding between people of different races and between people from different nations, especially while serving as Chairman of the UN Commission on Human Rights."
  20. ^ "Glasier was nominated for her humanitarian work in England and elsewhere."
  21. ^ "Evita Perón was nominated for her humanitarian efforts in Argentina particularly on promoting labor rights, championing women's suffrage, eliminating poverty and establishing charities to the working-class Argentines."
  22. ^ "Montessori furthered international understanding through her educational work."
  23. ^ "Queen Wilhelmina was nominated for her involvement in the summoning of the two peace conferences at The Hague in 1897 and 1907. She was also nominated for her philanthropic effort during World War I, her strong opposition to Nazism and her contribution to the liberation of colonial areas."
  24. ^ "Nominated for her book Creators of the modern Spirit."
  25. ^ "For her work for reconciliation and work in Pestalozzi Children Village in Switzerland."
  26. ^ "Margaret Sanger was nominated for her outstanding ability to see the serious consequences of uncontrolled increase of population."
  27. ^ "Nominated for the international importance of her work for deaf and blind people, and for showing the stimulating effect of The International Brotherhood Idea."
  28. ^ "Gertrude Baer was nominated for her able and devoted service to the Women´s International League for Peace and Freedom."
  29. ^ "Lady Baden-Powell was nominated for her international contribution as a founder of the Scout movement for girls."
  30. ^ "Marie Elisabeth Lüders was nominated for her work with understaning between peoples."
  31. ^ "Lotta Hitchmanova was nominated for her opposition to the Nazi regime during the second world war, her work with refugees, and organizing the small beginnings of the Unitarian Service Committee."
  32. ^ "Gertrud Kurz-Hohl was nominated for her consistent work for refugees, and initiating the Austrian Peace Service, one of three branches within the organization Austrian Service Abroad. She has tirelessly worked for peace through reconciliation and understanding between the people of the World."
  33. ^ "Giulia Scappino Murena was nominated in the hope that her voice, singing about human brotherhood, will become a sign of harmony for the divided humanity."
  34. ^ "Mrs. Alexander Hadden was nominated for her co-founding of the Institute of World Affairs."
  35. ^ "Catherine Devilliers was nominated for her book Lieutanant Katia describing events under the Second World War."
  36. ^ "Stella Monk was nominated because of her achievements as director of the Commonwealth Friendship Movement. Her dedication to creating friendship, mutual understanding, and respect among people in the Commonwealth has contributed to unity and friendly co-operation between the nations of the World."
  37. ^ "Susan Ryder was nominated for her personal dedication and inspiring example and leadership to encourage the forces of mercy and compassion against those of brutality and aggression, leading to war."
  38. ^ "Kaoru Hatoyama was nominated for her contribution to the reopening of diplomatic relations between Japan and the U.S.S.R., and Japan's entry into the United Nations, for her contribution to the Yuai (fraternity) movement and for her achievements as an educator."
  39. ^ "Alva Myrdal was nominated for her many services to the international community and their promotion of international understanding."
  40. ^ "Britta Holmström was nominated for her pioneering work with refugees, initiating Praghjälpen (Prague Aid) and contributing greatly to the possibility of world peace."

See also

References

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  27. ^ "Nomination Archive – Maud Slye". NobelPrize.org. April 2020. Retrieved 3 December 2020.
  28. ^ "Nomination Archive – Gladys Dick". NobelPrize.org. April 2020. Retrieved 3 December 2020.
  29. ^ "Nomination Archive – Alice Bernheim". NobelPrize.org. April 2020. Retrieved 3 December 2020.
  30. ^ "Nomination Archive – Marion Blankenhorn". NobelPrize.org. April 2020. Retrieved 3 December 2020.
  31. ^ "Nomination Archive – Lady May Mellanby". NobelPrize.org. April 2020. Retrieved 3 December 2020.
  32. ^ "Nomination Archive – Susan Smith". NobelPrize.org. April 2020. Retrieved 3 December 2020.
  33. ^ "Nomination Archive – Olive Watkins Smith". NobelPrize.org. April 2020. Retrieved 3 December 2020.
  34. ^ "Nomination Archive – Gerty Cori". NobelPrize.org. April 2020. Retrieved 3 December 2020.
  35. ^ "Nomination Archive – Helen Taussig". NobelPrize.org. April 2020. Retrieved 3 December 2020.
  36. ^ "Nomination Archive – Miriam Menkin". NobelPrize.org. April 2020. Retrieved 3 December 2020.
  37. ^ "Nomination Archive – Madge Macklin". NobelPrize.org. April 2020. Retrieved 3 December 2020.
  38. ^ "Nomination Archive – Elizabeth Bugie". NobelPrize.org. April 2020. Retrieved 3 December 2020.
  39. ^ "Nomination Archive – Malwida von Meysenburg". NobelPrize.org. April 2020. Retrieved 3 December 2020.
  40. ^ "Nomination Archive – Selma Lagerlöf". NobelPrize.org. April 2020. Retrieved 3 December 2020.
  41. ^ "Nomination Archive – Émilie Lerou". NobelPrize.org. April 2020. Retrieved 3 December 2020.
  42. ^ "Nomination Archive – Eliza Orzeszkowa". NobelPrize.org. April 2020. Retrieved 3 December 2020.
  43. ^ "Nomination Archive – Elisabeth Förster-Nietzsche". NobelPrize.org. April 2020. Retrieved 3 December 2020.
  44. ^ "Nomination Archive – Molly Seawell". NobelPrize.org. April 2020. Retrieved 3 December 2020.
  45. ^ "Nomination Archive – Marie von Ebner-Eschenbach". NobelPrize.org. April 2020. Retrieved 3 December 2020.
  46. ^ "Nomination Archive – Grazia Deledda Madesani". NobelPrize.org. April 2020. Retrieved 3 December 2020.
  47. ^ "Nomination Archive – Dora Melegari". NobelPrize.org. April 2020. Retrieved 3 December 2020.
  48. ^ "Nomination Archive – Singrid Undset". NobelPrize.org. April 2020. Retrieved 3 December 2020.
  49. ^ "Nomination Archive – Matilde Serao". NobelPrize.org. April 2020. Retrieved 3 December 2020.
  50. ^ "Nomination Archive – Sofia Casanova". NobelPrize.org. April 2020. Retrieved 3 December 2020.
  51. ^ "Nomination Archive – Ada Negri". NobelPrize.org. April 2020. Retrieved 3 December 2020.
  52. ^ "Nomination Archive – Concha Espina de la Serna". NobelPrize.org. April 2020. Retrieved 3 December 2020.
  53. ^ "Nomination Archive – Edith Wharton". NobelPrize.org. April 2020. Retrieved 3 December 2020.
  54. ^ "Nomination Archive – Anna Elisabeth Mathieu de Noailles". NobelPrize.org. April 2020. Retrieved 3 December 2020.
  55. ^ "Nomination Archive – Edith Howes". NobelPrize.org. April 2020. Retrieved 3 December 2020.
  56. ^ "Nomination Archive – Blanca de los Ríos de Lampérez". NobelPrize.org. April 2020. Retrieved 3 December 2020.
  57. ^ "Nomination Archive – Ricarda Huch". NobelPrize.org. April 2020. Retrieved 3 December 2020.
  58. ^ "Nomination Archive – Clotilde de Arvelo". NobelPrize.org. April 2020. Retrieved 3 December 2020.
  59. ^ "Nomination Archive – Laura Mestre". NobelPrize.org. April 2020. Retrieved 3 December 2020.
  60. ^ "Nomination Archive – Ivana Brlic-Mazuranic". NobelPrize.org. April 2020. Retrieved 3 December 2020.
  61. ^ "Nomination Archive – Maria Madalena de Martel Patrício". NobelPrize.org. April 2020. Retrieved 3 December 2020.
  62. ^ "Nomination Archive – Violet Clifton". NobelPrize.org. April 2020. Retrieved 3 December 2020.
  63. ^ "Nomination Archive - Elise Richter". NobelPrize.org. April 2020. Retrieved 11 November 2020.
  64. ^ "Nomination Archive – Enrica von Handel-Mazzetti". NobelPrize.org. April 2020. Retrieved 3 December 2020.
  65. ^ "Nomination Archive – Cecile Tormay". NobelPrize.org. April 2020. Retrieved 3 December 2020.
  66. ^ "Nomination Archive – Maria Jotuni". NobelPrize.org. April 2020. Retrieved 3 December 2020.
  67. ^ "Nomination Archive – Sally Salminen". NobelPrize.org. April 2020. Retrieved 3 December 2020.
  68. ^ "Nomination Archive – Maila Talvio". NobelPrize.org. April 2020. Retrieved 3 December 2020.
  69. ^ "Nomination Archive – Pearl Buck". NobelPrize.org. April 2020. Retrieved 3 December 2020.
  70. ^ "Nomination Archive – Margaret Mitchell". NobelPrize.org. April 2020. Retrieved 3 December 2020.
  71. ^ "Nomination Archive – Henriette Charasson". NobelPrize.org. April 2020. Retrieved 3 December 2020.
  72. ^ "Nomination Archive – Henry Handel Richardson". NobelPrize.org. April 2020. Retrieved 3 December 2020.
  73. ^ "Nomination Archive – Henriette Roland Holst van der Schalk". NobelPrize.org. April 2020. Retrieved 3 December 2020.
  74. ^ "Nomination Archive – Maria Dabrowksa". NobelPrize.org. April 2020. Retrieved 3 December 2020.
  75. ^ "Nomination Archive – Gabriela Mistral". NobelPrize.org. April 2020. Retrieved 3 December 2020.
  76. ^ "Nomination Archive – Ruth Young". NobelPrize.org. April 2020. Retrieved 3 December 2020.
  77. ^ a b c d e "Nobelarkivet 1969" (PDF). svenskaakademien.se. Retrieved 11 November 2020.
  78. ^ "Nomination Archive – Elisabet Bagriana". NobelPrize.org. April 2020. Retrieved 3 December 2020.
  79. ^ a b c d e "Nobelarkivet 1968" (PDF). svenskaakademien.se. Retrieved 11 November 2020.
  80. ^ a b "Nobelarkivet 1970" (PDF). svenskaakademien.se. Retrieved 11 November 2020.
  81. ^ "Nobelarkivet 1971" (PDF). svenskaakademien.se. Retrieved 11 November 2020.
  82. ^ "Nomination Archive – Marie Under". NobelPrize.org. April 2020. Retrieved 3 December 2020.
  83. ^ "Nomination Archive – Sidonie-Gabrielle Colette". NobelPrize.org. April 2020. Retrieved 3 December 2020.
  84. ^ "Nomination Archive – Dorothy Fisher". NobelPrize.org. April 2020. Retrieved 3 December 2020.
  85. ^ "Nomination Archive – Karen Blixen". NobelPrize.org. April 2020. Retrieved 3 December 2020.
  86. ^ "Nomination Archive – Gertrud von Le Fort". NobelPrize.org. April 2020. Retrieved 3 December 2020."Nomination Archive – Gertrud von Le Fort". NobelPrize.org. April 2020. Retrieved 3 December 2020.
  87. ^ "Nomination Archive – Maria Enriqueta Camarillo y Roa". NobelPrize.org. April 2020. Retrieved 3 December 2020.
  88. ^ "Nomination Archive – Katharine Susannah Prichard". NobelPrize.org. April 2020. Retrieved 3 December 2020.
  89. ^ "Nomination Archive – Edith Sitwell". NobelPrize.org. April 2020. Retrieved 3 December 2020.
  90. ^ "Nomination Archive – Melpo Axioti". NobelPrize.org. April 2020. Retrieved 3 December 2020.
  91. ^ "Nomination Archive – Marthe Bibesco". NobelPrize.org. April 2020. Retrieved 3 December 2020.
  92. ^ "Nomination Archive – Elisabeth Goudge". NobelPrize.org. April 2020. Retrieved 3 December 2020.
  93. ^ "Nomination Archive – Elizabeth Bowen". NobelPrize.org. April 2020. Retrieved 3 December 2020.
  94. ^ "Nomination Archive – Juana de Ibarbourou". NobelPrize.org. April 2020. Retrieved 3 December 2020.
  95. ^ "Nomination Archive – Juana de Ibarbourou". NobelPrize.org. April 2020. Retrieved 3 December 2020.
  96. ^ "Nomination Archive - Anna Seghers". NobelPrize.org. April 2020. Retrieved 13 December 2020.
  97. ^ "Nomination Archive – Juana de Ibarbourou". NobelPrize.org. April 2020. Retrieved 3 December 2020.
  98. ^ "Nomination Archive – Cora Sandel". NobelPrize.org. April 2020. Retrieved 3 December 2020.
  99. ^ a b "Nomination Archive – Giulia Scappino Mureno". NobelPrize.org. April 2020. Retrieved 3 December 2020.
  100. ^ "Nomination Archive – Simone de Beauvoir". NobelPrize.org. April 2020. Retrieved 3 December 2020.
  101. ^ "Nomination Archive – Nelly Sachs". NobelPrize.org. April 2020. Retrieved 3 December 2020.
  102. ^ "Nomination Archive – Ingeborg Bachmann". NobelPrize.org. April 2020. Retrieved 3 December 2020.
  103. ^ "Nomination Archive – Kate Roberts". NobelPrize.org. April 2020. Retrieved 3 December 2020.
  104. ^ "Nomination Archive – Ina Seidel". NobelPrize.org. April 2020. Retrieved 3 December 2020.
  105. ^ a b c d "Nobelarkivet 1967" (PDF). svenskaakademien.se. Retrieved 11 November 2020.
  106. ^ "Nomination Archive – Judith Wright". NobelPrize.org. April 2020. Retrieved 3 December 2020.
  107. ^ "Nomination Archive – Katherine Anne Porter". NobelPrize.org. April 2020. Retrieved 3 December 2020.
  108. ^ "Nomination Archive – Marguerite Yourcenar". NobelPrize.org. April 2020. Retrieved 3 December 2020.
  109. ^ "Nomination Archive – Anna Akhmatova". NobelPrize.org. April 2020. Retrieved 3 December 2020.
  110. ^ "Nomination Archive – Marie Luise Kaschnitz". NobelPrize.org. April 2020. Retrieved 3 December 2020.
  111. ^ "Nomination Archive - Lina Kostenko". NobelPrize.org. April 2020. Retrieved 22 August 2021.
  112. ^ "Nomination Archive - Marianne Craig Moore". NobelPrize.org. April 2020. Retrieved 22 August 2021.
  113. ^ "Nomination Archive - Mildred Breedlove". NobelPrize.org. April 2020. Retrieved 22 August 2021.
  114. ^ "Nomination Archive - Nathalie Sarraute". NobelPrize.org. April 2020. Retrieved 22 August 2021.
  115. ^ "Nomination Archive - Victoria Ocampo". NobelPrize.org. April 2020. Retrieved 11 November 2020.
  116. ^ "Nomination Archive – Baroness Bertha Sophie von Suttner". NobelPrize.org. April 2020. Retrieved 3 December 2020.
  117. ^ "Nomination Archive – Belva Ann Lockwood". NobelPrize.org. April 2020. Retrieved 3 December 2020.
  118. ^ "Nomination Archive – Priscilla Hannah Peckover". NobelPrize.org. April 2020. Retrieved 3 December 2020.
  119. ^ "Nomination Archive – Henriette Verdier Winteler de Weindeck". NobelPrize.org. April 2020. Retrieved 3 December 2020.
  120. ^ "Nomination Archive – Angela de Oliveira Cezar de Costa". NobelPrize.org. April 2020. Retrieved 3 December 2020.
  121. ^ "Nomination Archive – Anna Eckstein". NobelPrize.org. April 2020. Retrieved 3 December 2020.
  122. ^ "Nomination Archive – Lucia True Ames Mead". NobelPrize.org. April 2020. Retrieved 3 December 2020.
  123. ^ "Nomination Archive – Jane Addams". NobelPrize.org. April 2020. Retrieved 3 December 2020.
  124. ^ "Nomination Archive – Rosika Schwimmer". NobelPrize.org. April 2020. Retrieved 3 December 2020.
  125. ^ "Nomination Archive – Mary Shapard". NobelPrize.org. April 2020. Retrieved 3 December 2020.
  126. ^ "Nomination Archive – Madame Séverine". NobelPrize.org. April 2020. Retrieved 3 December 2020.
  127. ^ "Nomination Archive – Eglantyne Jebb". NobelPrize.org. April 2020. Retrieved 3 December 2020.
  128. ^ "Nomination Archive – Elsa Brändström". NobelPrize.org. April 2020. Retrieved 3 December 2020.
  129. ^ "Nomination Archive – Annie Besant". NobelPrize.org. April 2020. Retrieved 3 December 2020.
  130. ^ "Nomination Archive – Ishbel Hamilton-Gordon". NobelPrize.org. April 2020. Retrieved 3 December 2020.
  131. ^ "Nomination Archive – Marguerite-Antoinette Djabadary". NobelPrize.org. April 2020. Retrieved 3 December 2020.
  132. ^ "Nomination Archive – Janet Miller". NobelPrize.org. April 2020. Retrieved 3 December 2020.
  133. ^ "Nomination Archive – Julie Bikle". NobelPrize.org. April 2020. Retrieved 3 December 2020.
  134. ^ "Nomination Archive – Moina Michael". NobelPrize.org. April 2020. Retrieved 3 December 2020.
  135. ^ "Nomination Archive – Irma Schweitzer". NobelPrize.org. April 2020. Retrieved 3 December 2020.
  136. ^ "Nomination Archive – Henrieta Szold". NobelPrize.org. April 2020. Retrieved 3 December 2020.
  137. ^ "Nomination Archive – Princess Henriette". NobelPrize.org. April 2020. Retrieved 3 December 2020.
  138. ^ "Nomination Archive – Carrie Chapman Catt". NobelPrize.org. April 2020. Retrieved 3 December 2020.
  139. ^ "Nomination Archive – Emily Greene Blach". NobelPrize.org. April 2020. Retrieved 3 December 2020.
  140. ^ "Nomination Archive – Alexandra Mikhaylovna Kollontay". NobelPrize.org. April 2020. Retrieved 3 December 2020.
  141. ^ "Nomination Archive – Eleanor Roosevelt". NobelPrize.org. April 2020. Retrieved 3 December 2020.
  142. ^ "Nomination Archive – Katharine Bruce Glasier". NobelPrize.org. April 2020. Retrieved 3 December 2020.
  143. ^ "Nomination Archive – María Eva Duarte Perón". NobelPrize.org. April 2020. Retrieved 3 December 2020.
  144. ^ "Nomination Archive – Maria Montessori". NobelPrize.org. April 2020. Retrieved 3 December 2020.
  145. ^ "Nomination Archive – Princess Wilhelmina of the Netherlands". NobelPrize.org. April 2020. Retrieved 3 December 2020.
  146. ^ "Nomination Archive – Barbara Waylen". NobelPrize.org. April 2020. Retrieved 3 December 2020.
  147. ^ "Nomination Archive – Elisabeth Rotten". NobelPrize.org. April 2020. Retrieved 3 December 2020.
  148. ^ "Nomination Archive – Margaret Sanger". NobelPrize.org. April 2020. Retrieved 3 December 2020.
  149. ^ "Nomination Archive – Helen Keller". NobelPrize.org. April 2020. Retrieved 3 December 2020.
  150. ^ "Nomination Archive – Gertrud Baer". NobelPrize.org. April 2020. Retrieved 3 December 2020.
  151. ^ "Nomination Archive – Olave Baden-Powell". NobelPrize.org. April 2020. Retrieved 3 December 2020.
  152. ^ "Nomination Archive – Marie Elisabeth Lüders". NobelPrize.org. April 2020. Retrieved 3 December 2020.
  153. ^ "Nomination Archive – Lotta Hitchmanova". NobelPrize.org. April 2020. Retrieved 3 December 2020.
  154. ^ "Nomination Archive – Getrud Kurz-Hohl". NobelPrize.org. April 2020. Retrieved 3 December 2020.
  155. ^ "Nomination Archive – Mrs. Alexander Hadden". NobelPrize.org. April 2020. Retrieved 22 July 2021.
  156. ^ "Nomination Archive – Catherine Devilliers". NobelPrize.org. April 2020. Retrieved 3 December 2020.
  157. ^ "Nomination Archive – Stella Monk". NobelPrize.org. April 2020. Retrieved 3 December 2020.
  158. ^ "Nomination Archive – Sue Ryder Cheshire". NobelPrize.org. April 2020. Retrieved 3 December 2020.
  159. ^ "Nomination Archive – Kaoru Hatoyama". NobelPrize.org. October 2022. Retrieved 10 October 2022.
  160. ^ "Nomination Archive – Alva Myrdal". NobelPrize.org. Retrieved 10 October 2022.
  161. ^ "Nomination Archive – Britta Holmström". NobelPrize.org. Retrieved 10 October 2022.
  162. ^ "Nomination Archive – Louise Weiss". NobelPrize.org. Retrieved 10 October 2022.

External links

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