Neutral and Non-Aligned European States: Difference between revisions
Undid revision 1225899701 by 194.147.207.10 (talk) this particular grouping was not active since the end of the Cold War. The added part should be included in appropriate articles of here under See more. |
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* [[Partnership for Peace]] |
* [[Partnership for Peace]] |
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* [[European microstates]] |
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* [[Operation Gladio]] |
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== References == |
== References == |
Revision as of 10:57, 10 June 2024
Neutral and Non-Aligned European States | |
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Neutral and Non-Aligned European States | |
Membership | |
Area | |
• Total | 1,176,407 km2 (454,213 sq mi) |
Population | |
• 1971 estimate | ~ 47,800,000 |
Neutral and Non-Aligned European States, sometimes known by abbreviation NN states,[1][2] was a Cold War era informal grouping of states in Europe which were neither part of NATO nor Warsaw Pact but were either neutral or members of the Non-Aligned Movement. The group brought together neutral countries of Austria, Finland, Sweden and Switzerland on one, and non-aligned SFR Yugoslavia, Cyprus and Malta on the other hand, all of which together shared interest in preservation of their independent non-bloc position with regard to NATO, European Community, Warsaw Pact and the Council for Mutual Economic Assistance.[3] Established and comparatively highly developed European neutral countries perceived cooperation with non-aligned countries (particularly with SFR Yugoslavia as one of the leaders of the group) as a way to advocate for peace, disarmament and superpowers' restraint more forcefully than their limited earlier cooperation would permit.[4]
The group cooperated within the Conference on Security and Co-operation in Europe (CSCE) in trying to preserve the results of the Helsinki Accords.[5] In this framework, Yugoslavia cooperated with Austria and Finland on mediation between blocs, organized a second CSCE summit in 1977 in Belgrade and proposed drafts on national minorities protection which are still valid and integral parts of OSCE provisions on minority rights.[6]
See also
- Declaration of Neutrality
- Finlandization
- Swedish neutrality
- Swiss neutrality
- Yugoslavia and the Non-Aligned Movement
- Cyprus and the Non-Aligned Movement
- Malta and the Non-Aligned Movement
- 1995 enlargement of the European Union
- 2004 enlargement of the European Union
- Neutral member states in the European Union
- Partnership for Peace
- European microstates
- Operation Gladio
References
- ^ Håkan Wiberg (1994). "Neutral and Non-Aligned States in Europe and NOD". In Bjorn Moller (ed.). Non-offensive Defence For The Twenty-first Century. Routledge. ISBN 9780429039300.
- ^ Tvrtko Jakovina (2011). Treća strana Hladnog rata. Fraktura. ISBN 978-953-266-203-0.
- ^ Fischer, Thomas (2016). "Neutrality and Nonalignment in World Politics during the Cold War". Journal of Cold War Studies. 18 (4): 4–11.
- ^ Hakovirta, Harto (1983). "Effects of Non-Alignment on Neutrality in Europe: An Analysis and Appraisal". Cooperation and Conflict. 18 (1): 57–75.
- ^ Martinović, S. (1983). "Foreign Policy of Yugoslavia". Pakistan Horizon. 36 (1): 28–31. JSTOR 41394717.
- ^ Trültzsch, Arno. "An Almost Forgotten Legacy: Non-Aligned Yugoslavia in the United Nations and in the Making of Contemporary International Law".
Further reading
- Hanna Ojanen, ed. (2003). Neutrality and non-alignment in Europe today (PDF). Finnish Institute of International Affairs. ISBN 951-769-151-3.
- Mark Kramer; Aryo Makko; Peter Ruggenthaler, eds. (2021). The Soviet Union and Cold War Neutrality and Nonalignment in Europe. Lexington Books. ISBN 9781793631930.
- S. Victor Papacosma; Mark R. Rubin, eds. (1989). Europe's neutral and nonaligned states: between NATO and the Warsaw Pact. Wilmington. ISBN 0842022694.
External links
Media related to Neutral and Non-Aligned European States at Wikimedia Commons
- Non-interventionism
- Foreign relations of Europe
- Political history of Austria
- Political history of Cyprus
- Political history of Finland
- Political history of Malta
- Political history of Sweden
- Political history of Switzerland
- Foreign relations of Yugoslavia
- Diplomatic umbrella groups
- Organization for Security and Co-operation in Europe