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The Republic of Ireland's match with Romania remained goalless after extra time, and the Irish side won 5–4 on penalties. [[David O'Leary]] converted the penalty that clinched Ireland's place in the quarter-finals. Ireland thus became the first team since Sweden in [[1938 FIFA World Cup|1938]] to reach the last eight in a World Cup finals tournament without winning a match outright. Yugoslavia beat Spain 2–1 after extra time, with [[Dragan Stojković]] scoring both the Yugoslavs' goals. England were the final qualifier against a Belgium, as midfielder [[David Platt (footballer)|David Platt]]'s swivelling volley broke the stalemate with the game moments away from a penalty shoot-out.
The Republic of Ireland's match with Romania remained goalless after extra time, and the Irish side won 5–4 on penalties. [[David O'Leary]] converted the penalty that clinched Ireland's place in the quarter-finals. Ireland thus became the first team since Sweden in [[1938 FIFA World Cup|1938]] to reach the last eight in a World Cup finals tournament without winning a match outright. Yugoslavia beat Spain 2–1 after extra time, with [[Dragan Stojković]] scoring both the Yugoslavs' goals. England were the final qualifier against a Belgium, as midfielder [[David Platt (footballer)|David Platt]]'s swivelling volley broke the stalemate with the game moments away from a penalty shoot-out.


[[''Cameroon v Colombia (1990 FIFA World Cup)'']]
{{football box
{{football box
|date=23 June 1990
|date=23 June 1990

Revision as of 12:31, 10 July 2014

"Italia 90" redirects here. For the computer game, see World Cup Italia '90.

1990 FIFA World Cup
Coppa del Mondo FIFA Italia '90
1990 FIFA World Cup official logo
Tournament details
Host countryItaly
Dates8 June – 8 July (31 days)
Teams24 (from 5 confederations)
Venue(s)12 (in 12 host cities)
Final positions
Champions West Germany (3rd title)
Runners-up Argentina
Third place Italy
Fourth place England
Tournament statistics
Matches played52
Goals scored115 (2.21 per match)
Attendance2,516,348 (48,391 per match)
Top scorer(s)Italy Salvatore Schillaci (6 goals)
Best player(s)Italy Salvatore Schillaci
Best young playerSocialist Federal Republic of Yugoslavia Robert Prosinečki
Best goalkeeperArgentina Sergio Goycochea
Costa Rica Luis Gabelo Conejo
← 1986
1994 →

The 1990 FIFA World Cup was the 14th FIFA World Cup, the quadrennial international football world championship tournament. It was held from 8 June to 8 July 1990 in Italy, the second country to host the event twice (the first being Mexico in 1986). Teams representing 116 national football associations from all six populated continents entered the competition, with its qualification process beginning in April 1988. A total of 22 teams qualified from this process, along with host nation Italy and defending champion Argentina. The official match ball was the Adidas Etrusco Unico. The 1990 FIFA World Cup was the first World Cup that was officially recorded and transmitted in HDTV by the Italian broadcaster RAI in association with the Japanese NHK broadcaster.[1]

The tournament was won by West Germany, who claimed their third World Cup title by defeating reigning champions Argentina 1–0 in the final, a rematch of the previous final four years earlier. Hosts Italy beat England 2–1 to finish third after both lost their semi-finals in penalty shootouts. It would be the last tournament to feature a German side representing the divided Germany, with the country being reunified later in 1990. Costa Rica, Ireland and United Arab Emirates made their first appearances in the finals, and Egypt its first since 1934.

The 1990 World Cup is widely regarded as one of the poorest World Cups ever.[2][3][4][5] It generated a record low goals-per-game average of just 2.21 – a record that still stands to date[6] – and a then-record 16 red cards were handed out, including the first ever dismissal in a final. Despite this, the 1990 World Cup stands as one of the most watched events in television history, garnering an estimated 26.69 billion non-unique viewers, compiled over the course of the tournament.[7] At the time it was the most watched World Cup in history in non-unique viewers, but was subsequently bettered by the 1994 and 2002 FIFA World Cups.[8]

Following the 1990 World Cup, the back-pass rule was introduced in 1992 to discourage time-wasting and overly defensive play, and wins were awarded three points in the group stage of the 1994 FIFA World Cup to encourage more attack-minded tactics and discourage the strategy of playing for a draw.

Host selection

Main article: FIFA World Cup hosts

The vote to choose the hosts of the 1990 tournament was held on 19 May 1984 in Zürich, Switzerland. Here, the FIFA Executive Committee chose Italy ahead of the only rival bid, the USSR, by 11 votes to 5.[9] This awarding made Italy only the second nation to host two World Cup tournaments, after Mexico had also achieved this with their 1986 staging. Italy had previously had the event in 1934, where they had won their first championship.

Austria, England, France, Greece, West Germany and Yugoslavia also submitted initial applications for 31 July 1983 deadline.[10] A month later, only England and Greece remained in the hunt with Italy and the Soviet Union after the other contenders all withdrew.[11] All four bids were assessed by FIFA in late 1983, with the final decision overrunning into 1984 due to the volume of paperwork involved.[12] In early 1984, England and Greece also withdrew, leading to a two-horse race in the final vote. The Soviet boycott of the 1984 Olympic Games announced on the eve of the World Cup decision was speculated to have been a major factor behind Italy winning the vote so decisively,[13] although this was dismissed by FIFA President João Havelange.[9]

Qualification

Main article: 1990 FIFA World Cup qualification
  Countries qualified for World Cup
  Country failed to qualify
  Countries that did not enter World Cup
  Country not a FIFA member

116 teams entered the 1990 World Cup, with 114 being required to qualify (due to rejected entries and withdrawals, 103 teams eventually participated in the qualifying stages). Italy as host nation and Argentina as reigning World Cup champions were granted automatic qualification, with the remaining 22 finals places divided among the continental confederations.

Thirteen places were contested by UEFA teams (Europe), three by CONMEBOL teams (South America), two by CAF teams (Africa), two by AFC teams (Asia), and two by CONCACAF teams (North and Central America and Caribbean). The remaining place was decided by a play-off between CONMEBOL and OFC (Oceania).

Both Mexico and Chile were disqualified during the qualification process; the former for fielding an overage player in a prior youth tournament, the latter after goalkeeper Roberto Rojas faked injury from a firework thrown from the stands, which caused the match to be abandoned. Chile were also banned from the 1994 qualifiers for this offence.

Three teams qualified for the first time: Costa Rica, the Republic of Ireland and the United Arab Emirates.

Returning after long absences were Egypt, who appeared for the first time since 1934; the United States, who competed for the first time since 1950; Colombia, who appeared for the first time since 1962; and Romania, who last appeared at the Finals in 1970.

Among the teams who failed to qualify were Hungary, France, Poland, and Portugal. As of 2014, this was the last time that Egypt and United Arab Emirates qualified for a FIFA World Cup finals.

Venues

Twelve stadiums were selected to host the World Cup matches in twelve different cities. The Stadio San Nicola in Bari and Turin's Stadio delle Alpi were completely new venues opened for the World Cup.

The remaining ten venues all underwent extensive programmes of improvements in preparation for the tournament, forcing many of the club tenants of the stadia to move to temporary homes. Additional seating and roofs were added to most stadia, with further redevelopments seeing running tracks removed and new pitches laid. Due to structural constraints, several of the existing stadia had to be virtually rebuilt in order to implement the changes required.

Most of the construction cost in excess of their original estimates, and total costs ended up being over £550 million (approximately $935 million). Rome's Stadio Olimpico which would host the final was the most expensive project overall, while Udine's Stadio Friuli, the newest of the existing stadia (opened 14 years prior), cost the least to redevelop.

Rome Milan Naples Turin
Stadio Olimpico San Siro Stadio San Paolo Stadio delle Alpi
41°56′1.99″N 12°27′17.23″E / 41.9338861°N 12.4547861°E / 41.9338861; 12.4547861 (Stadio Olimpico) 45°28′40.89″N 9°7′27.14″E / 45.4780250°N 9.1242056°E / 45.4780250; 9.1242056 (San Siro) 40°49′40.68″N 14°11′34.83″E / 40.8279667°N 14.1930083°E / 40.8279667; 14.1930083 (Stadio San Paolo) 45°06′34.42″N 7°38′28.54″E / 45.1095611°N 7.6412611°E / 45.1095611; 7.6412611 (Stadio delle Alpi)
Capacity: 84,800[14][15] Capacity: 83,407[14][15] Capacity: 83,311[14][15] Capacity: 71,362[14][15]
Bari
Verona
Stadio San Nicola Stadio Marc'Antonio Bentegodi
41°5′5.05″N 16°50′24.26″E / 41.0847361°N 16.8400722°E / 41.0847361; 16.8400722 (Stadio San Nicola) 45°26′7.28″N 10°58′7.13″E / 45.4353556°N 10.9686472°E / 45.4353556; 10.9686472 (Stadio Marc'Antonio Bentegodi)
Capacity: 58,270[14][15] Capacity: 43,216[14][15]
Florence Cagliari
Stadio Artemio Franchi Stadio Sant'Elia
43°46′50.96″N 11°16′56.13″E / 43.7808222°N 11.2822583°E / 43.7808222; 11.2822583 (Stadio Artemio Franchi) 39°11′57.82″N 9°8′5.83″E / 39.1993944°N 9.1349528°E / 39.1993944; 9.1349528 (Stadio Sant'Elia)
Capacity: 49,000[14][15] Capacity: 44,200[14][15]
Bologna Udine Palermo Genoa
Stadio Renato Dall'Ara Stadio Friuli Stadio La Favorita Stadio Luigi Ferraris
44°29′32.33″N 11°18′34.80″E / 44.4923139°N 11.3096667°E / 44.4923139; 11.3096667 (Stadio Renato Dall'Ara) 46°4′53.77″N 13°12′0.49″E / 46.0816028°N 13.2001361°E / 46.0816028; 13.2001361 (Stadio Friuli) 38°9′9.96″N 13°20′32.19″E / 38.1527667°N 13.3422750°E / 38.1527667; 13.3422750 (Stadio Renzo Barbera) 44°24′59.15″N 8°57′8.74″E / 44.4164306°N 8.9524278°E / 44.4164306; 8.9524278 (Stadio Luigi Ferraris)
Capacity: 41,200[14][15] Capacity: 42,311[14][15] Capacity: 40,632[14][15] Capacity: 44,800[14][15]

Squads

Further information: 1990 FIFA World Cup squads

Squads for the 1990 World Cup consisted of 22 players, as for the previous tournament in 1986. Replacement of injured players was permitted during the tournament at FIFA's discretion. Two goalkeepers – Argentina's Sergio Goycoechea and England's Dave Beasant – entered their respective squads during the tournament to replace injured players (Nery Pumpido and David Seaman).

Match officials

41 match officials from 34 countries were assigned to the tournament to serve as referees and assistant referees. Officials in italics were only used as assistants during the tournament. Referees dressed only in traditional black jerseys for the final time at a World Cup (a red change shirt was used for two Group C games in which Scotland wore their navy blue shirts).

Groups

Seedings

The six seeded teams for the 1990 tournament were announced on 7 December 1989.[16] The seeds were then allocated to the six groups in order of their seeding rank (1st seed to Group A, 2nd seed to Group B, etc.).

The seeds were decided by FIFA based on the nations' performance in, primarily, the 1986 World Cup with the 1982 World Cup also considered as a secondary influence. Six of the final eight in 1986 had qualified for the 1990 tournament. Italy – who were seeded first as hosts – had not reached the final eight in 1986, and this left FIFA needing to exclude one of the three (qualified) nations who were eliminated in the 1986 quarter finals: Brazil, England or Spain.

Owing to their performance in 1982 but also to their overall World Cup record, Brazil were seeded third and not considered to drop out of the seedings. FIFA opted to seed England ahead of Spain. Spain had only been eliminated in 1986 on penalties, while England had been defeated in 90 minutes; both countries had also reached the second stage in the 1982 event, but Spain had also appeared in the 1978 event, while England had failed to qualify. FIFA President João Havelange had reportedly earlier stated that Spain would be seeded.[17]

Spanish officials believed the seeding was contrived to ensure England would be placed in Group F, the group to be held off the Italian mainland, in a bid to contain England's hooliganism problems. Their coach Luis Suárez said, "We feel we've been cheated...they wanted to seed England and to send it to Cagliari at all costs. So they invented this formula".[16] FIFA countered that "the formula was based on the teams' respective showings during the previous two World Cups. England merited the sixth position. This is in no way a concession to English hooliganism".[16]

Seeds Pot 1[18] Pot 2[18] Pot 3[18]

 Italy (1st)
 Argentina (2nd)
 Brazil (3rd)
 West Germany (4th)
 Belgium (5th)
 England (6th)

 Cameroon
 Costa Rica
 Egypt
 South Korea
 United Arab Emirates
 United States

 Colombia
 Czechoslovakia
 Republic of Ireland
 Romania
 Sweden
 Uruguay

 Austria
 Netherlands
 Scotland
 Spain
 Soviet Union
 Yugoslavia

Final draw

On 9 December 1989 the draw was conducted at the Palazzetto dello Sport in Rome, where the teams were drawn out from the three pots to be placed with the seeded teams in their predetermined groups. The only stipulation of the draw was that no group could feature two South American teams.[18] The ceremony was hosted by Italian television presenter Pippo Baudo, with Italian actress Sophia Loren and opera singer Luciano Pavarotti conducting the draw alongside FIFA general secretary Sepp Blatter.[19]

The draw show was FIFA's most ambitious yet with Pelé, Bobby Moore and Karl-Heinz Rummenigge appearing, as well as a performance of the tournament's official song, "Un'estate italiana" being performed by Edoardo Bennato and Gianna Nannini.[20]

File:Italia 90 mascot.png
Ciao.

The event also featured the official mascot of this World Cup, Ciao, a stick figure player with a football head and an Italian tricolor body.[21] Its name is an Italian greeting.

Tournament review

File:World Cup 1990 Football.jpg
The ball Etrusco Unico used in the tournament

The finals tournament began in Italy on 8 June and concluded on 8 July. The format of the 1990 competition remained the same as in 1986: 24 qualified teams were divided into six groups of four. The top two teams and four best third place finishers from the six groups advanced to the knockout stage, which eliminated the teams until a winner emerged. In total, 52 games were played.

Negative tactics

The tournament generated a record low goals-per-game average and a then-record of 16 red cards were handed out. In the knockout stage, many teams played defensively for 120 minutes, with the intention of trying their luck in the penalty shoot-out, rather than risk going forward. There were four penalty shootouts, a record subsequently equaled in the 2006 tournament. The overall extra-time matches were eight, a record in FIFA World Cup tournaments that still stands.

Ireland and Argentina were prime examples of this trend of cautious defensive play; the Irish scored just twice in five games in drawing all their matches until their defeat to Italy in the quarter-finals. Losing finalists Argentina, meanwhile, scored only five goals in the entire tournament (a record low for a finalist). Argentina also became the first (and so far only) team to advance twice on penalty shootouts and the first team to fail to score in a World Cup final.

Largely as a result of this trend FIFA introduced the back-pass rule in time for the 1994 tournament in order to make it harder for teams to time-waste by repeatedly passing the ball back for their goalkeepers to pick up. Three, rather than two, points would be awarded for victories at future tournaments to help further encourage attacking play.

Emergence of Cameroon

Cameroon reached the quarter-finals, where they were narrowly defeated by England. They opened the tournament with a shock victory over reigning champions Argentina, before topping the group ahead of both them and European Championship runners-up the Soviet Union. Their success was fired by the goals of Roger Milla, a 38-year-old forward who came out of international retirement to join the national squad at the last moment after a personal request from Cameroonian President Paul Biya. Milla's four goals and flamboyant goal celebrations made him one of the tournament's biggest stars as well as taking Cameroon to the last eight. In reaching this stage, they had gone further than any African nation had ever managed in a World Cup before; a feat only equalled twice since (by Senegal in 2002 and Ghana in 2010). Their success was African football's biggest yet on the world stage, and FIFA subsequently decided to offer the CAF qualifying zone an additional place for the next World Cup tournament.

All-champion final four

Despite the performances of nations such as Cameroon, Colombia and Costa Rica, the semi-finalists consisted of Argentina, England, Italy and West Germany, all previous World Cup winners, with a total of eight previous titles between them. After the 1970 tournament, this is only the second time in the history of the World Cup this has occurred. The teams which finished first, second and third had also contested both the two previous World Cup Finals between themselves.

Group stage

All times are Central European Summer Time (UTC+2)

In the following tables:

  • Pld = total games played
  • W = total games won
  • D = total games drawn (tied)
  • L = total games lost
  • GF = total goals scored (goals for)
  • GA = total goals conceded (goals against)
  • GD = goal difference (GF−GA)
  • Pts = total points accumulated
Key to colours in group tables
Group winners, runners-up, and best four third-placed teams advance to the Round of 16

The Group stage saw the twenty-four teams divided into six groups of four teams. Each group was a round-robin of six games, where each team played one match against each of the other teams in the same group. Teams were awarded two points for a win, one point for a draw and none for a defeat. The teams coming first and second in each group qualified for the Round of 16. The four best third-placed teams would also advance to the next stage.

If teams were level on points, they were ranked on the following criteria in order:

  1. Greatest total goal difference in the three group matches
  2. Greatest number of goals scored in the three group matches
  3. If teams remained level after those criteria, a mini-group would be formed from those teams, who would be ranked on:
    1. Most points earned in matches against other teams in the tie
    2. Greatest goal difference in matches against other teams in the tie
    3. Greatest number of goals scored in matches against other teams in the tie
  4. If teams remained level after all these criteria, FIFA would hold a drawing of lots

Group A

Main article: 1990 FIFA World Cup Group A

Hosts Italy won Group A with a 100 per cent record. They beat Austria 1–0 thanks to substitute Salvatore 'Totò' Schillaci, who had played only one international before but would become a star during the tournament. A second 1–0 victory followed against a United States team already thumped 5–1 by Czechoslovakia. The Czechoslovaks ended runners-up in the group, while the USA's first appearance in a World Cup Finals since 1950 ended with three consecutive defeats.

Team Pld W D L GF GA GD Pts
 Italy 3 3 0 0 4 0 +4 6
 Czechoslovakia 3 2 0 1 6 3 +3 4
 Austria 3 1 0 2 2 3 −1 2
 United States 3 0 0 3 2 8 −6 0
9 June 1990
Italy  1–0  Austria Stadio Olimpico, Rome
10 June 1990
United States  1–5  Czechoslovakia Stadio Comunale, Florence
14 June 1990
Italy  1–0  United States Stadio Olimpico, Rome
15 June 1990
Austria  0–1  Czechoslovakia Stadio Comunale, Florence
19 June 1990
Italy  2–0  Czechoslovakia Stadio Olimpico, Rome
Austria  2–1  United States Stadio Comunale, Florence

Group B

Main article: 1990 FIFA World Cup Group B

Cameroon defeated reigning champions Argentina. Despite ending the match with only nine men, the African team held on for a shock 1–0 win, with contrasting fortunes for the brothers Biyik: François Omam scoring the winning goal, shortly after seeing Andre Kana sent off for a serious foul. In their second game the introduction of Roger Milla was the catalyst for a 2–1 win over Romania, Milla scoring twice from the bench (making him the oldest goalscorer in the tournament). With progression assured, Cameroon slumped to a 4–0 defeat in their final group game to a Soviet Union (in what would be their last World Cup due to the dissolution of the Soviet Union) side striving to stay in the tournament on goal difference after successive 2–0 defeats. A 1–1 draw between Romania and Argentina sent both through, the latter as one of the best third-placed teams.

Team Pld W D L GF GA GD Pts
 Cameroon 3 2 0 1 3 5 −2 4
 Romania 3 1 1 1 4 3 +1 3
 Argentina 3 1 1 1 3 2 +1 3
 Soviet Union 3 1 0 2 4 4 0 2
8 June 1990
Argentina  0–1  Cameroon San Siro, Milan
9 June 1990
Soviet Union  0–2  Romania Stadio San Nicola, Bari
13 June 1990
Argentina  2–0  Soviet Union Stadio San Paolo, Naples
14 June 1990
Cameroon  2–1  Romania Stadio San Nicola, Bari
18 June 1990
Argentina  1–1  Romania Stadio San Paolo, Naples
Cameroon  0–4  Soviet Union Stadio San Nicola, Bari

Group C

Main article: 1990 FIFA World Cup Group C

Costa Rica beat Scotland 1–0 in their first match, lost 1–0 to Brazil in their second, then saw off Sweden 2–1 to claim a place in the second round. Brazil took maximum points from the group. They began with a 2–1 win over Sweden, then beat both Costa Rica and Scotland 1–0. Scotland's 2–1 win over Sweden was not enough to save them from an early return home as one of the two lowest-ranked third-placed teams.

Team Pld W D L GF GA GD Pts
 Brazil 3 3 0 0 4 1 +3 6
 Costa Rica 3 2 0 1 3 2 +1 4
 Scotland 3 1 0 2 2 3 −1 2
 Sweden 3 0 0 3 3 6 −3 0
10 June 1990
Brazil  2–1  Sweden Stadio Delle Alpi, Turin
11 June 1990
Costa Rica  1–0  Scotland Stadio Luigi Ferraris, Genoa
16 June 1990
Brazil  1–0  Costa Rica Stadio Delle Alpi, Turin
Sweden  1–2  Scotland Stadio Luigi Ferraris, Genoa
20 June 1990
Brazil  1–0  Scotland Stadio Delle Alpi, Turin
Sweden  1–2  Costa Rica Stadio Luigi Ferraris, Genoa

Group D

Main article: 1990 FIFA World Cup Group D

Group D featured the most goals of all the groups, due in part to the defensive inadequacies of a United Arab Emirates team that lost 2–0 to Colombia, 5–1 to West Germany and 4–1 to Yugoslavia. West Germany topped the group after a 4–1 opening victory over group runners-up Yugoslavia.

Team Pld W D L GF GA GD Pts
 West Germany 3 2 1 0 10 3 +7 5
 Yugoslavia 3 2 0 1 6 5 +1 4
 Colombia 3 1 1 1 3 2 +1 3
 United Arab Emirates 3 0 0 3 2 11 −9 0
9 June 1990
United Arab Emirates  0–2  Colombia Stadio Renato Dall'Ara, Bologna
10 June 1990
West Germany  4–1  Yugoslavia San Siro, Milan
14 June 1990
Yugoslavia  1–0  Colombia Stadio Renato Dall'Ara, Bologna
15 June 1990
West Germany  5–1  United Arab Emirates San Siro, Milan
19 June 1990
West Germany  1–1  Colombia San Siro, Milan
Yugoslavia  4–1  United Arab Emirates Stadio Renato Dall'Ara, Bologna

Group E

Main article: 1990 FIFA World Cup Group E

The winners of Group E were Spain, for whom Michel hit a hat-trick as they beat South Korea 3–1 in an unbeaten group campaign. Belgium won their first two games against South Korea and Uruguay to ensure their progress; Uruguay's advance to the second round came with an injury time winner against South Korea to edge them through as the weakest of the third-placed sides to remain in the tournament.

Team Pld W D L GF GA GD Pts
 Spain 3 2 1 0 5 2 +3 5
 Belgium 3 2 0 1 6 3 +3 4
 Uruguay 3 1 1 1 2 3 −1 3
 South Korea 3 0 0 3 1 6 −5 0
12 June 1990
Belgium  2–0  South Korea Stadio Marc'Antonio Bentegodi, Verona
13 June 1990
Uruguay  0–0  Spain Stadio Friuli, Udine
17 June 1990
Belgium  3–1  Uruguay Stadio Marc'Antonio Bentegodi, Verona
South Korea  1–3  Spain Stadio Friuli, Udine
21 June 1990
Belgium  1–2  Spain Stadio Marc'Antonio Bentegodi, Verona
South Korea  0–1  Uruguay Stadio Friuli, Udine

Group F

Main article: 1990 FIFA World Cup Group F

Group F, featured the Netherlands, England, the Republic of Ireland and Egypt. In the six group games, no team managed to score more than once in a match. England beat Egypt 1-0, thanks to a 64th minute goal from Mark Wright - and that was enough to win the group.

Team Pld W D L GF GA GD Pts
 England 3 1 2 0 2 1 +1 4
 Republic of Ireland 3 0 3 0 2 2 0 3
 Netherlands 3 0 3 0 2 2 0 3
 Egypt 3 0 2 1 1 2 −1 2

The Republic of Ireland and the Netherlands finished with identical records. With both teams assured of progressing, they were split by the drawing of lots to determine second and third place.

11 June 1990
England  1–1  Republic of Ireland Stadio Sant'Elia, Cagliari
12 June 1990
Netherlands  1–1  Egypt Stadio La Favorita, Palermo
16 June 1990
England  0–0  Netherlands Stadio Sant'Elia, Cagliari
17 June 1990
Republic of Ireland  0–0  Egypt Stadio La Favorita, Palermo
21 June 1990
England  1–0  Egypt Stadio Sant'Elia, Cagliari
Republic of Ireland  1–1  Netherlands Stadio La Favorita, Palermo

Ranking of third-placed teams

Group Team Pld W D L GF GA GD Pts
B  Argentina 3 1 1 1 3 2 +1 3
D  Colombia 3 1 1 1 3 2 +1 3
F  Netherlands 3 0 3 0 2 2 0 3
E  Uruguay 3 1 1 1 2 3 −1 3
A  Austria 3 1 0 2 2 3 −1 2
C  Scotland 3 1 0 2 2 3 −1 2

Knockout stage

Main article: 1990 FIFA World Cup knockout stage

The knockout stage involved the sixteen teams that qualified from the group stage of the tournament. There were four rounds of matches, with each round eliminating half of the teams entering that round. The successive rounds were: round of 16, quarter-finals, semi-finals, final. There was also a play-off to decide third/fourth place. For each game in the knockout stage, any draw at 90 minutes was followed by thirty minutes of extra time; if scores were still level there would be a penalty shoot-out (at least five penalties each, and more if necessary) to determine who progressed to the next round. Scores after extra time are indicated by (aet), and penalty shoot outs are indicated by (p.).

 
Round of 16Quarter-finalsSemi-finalsFinal
 
              
 
24 June – Turin
 
 
 Brazil0
 
30 June – Florence
 
 Argentina1
 
 Argentina0 (3)
 
26 June – Verona
 
 Yugoslavia (pen.)0 (2)
 
 Spain1
 
3 July – Naples
 
 Yugoslavia (aet)2
 
 Argentina1 (4)
 
25 June – Genoa
 
 Italy (pen.)1 (3)
 
 Republic of Ireland (pen.)0 (5)
 
30 June – Rome
 
 Romania0 (4)
 
 Republic of Ireland0
 
25 June – Rome
 
 Italy1
 
 Italy2
 
8 July – Rome
 
 Uruguay0
 
 Argentina0
 
23 June – Bari
 
 West Germany1
 
 Czechoslovakia4
 
1 July – Milan
 
 Costa Rica1
 
 Czechoslovakia0
 
24 June – Milan
 
 West Germany1
 
 West Germany2
 
4 July – Turin
 
 Netherlands1
 
 West Germany (pen.)1 (4)
 
23 June – Naples
 
 England1 (3) Third place
 
 Cameroon (aet)2
 
1 July – Naples7 July – Bari
 
 Colombia1
 
 Cameroon (aet)2 Italy2
 
26 June – Bologna
 
 England3  England1
 
 England (aet)1
 
 
 Belgium0
 

All times listed are local (UTC+2)

Round of 16

Two of the ties – Argentina vs Brazil and Italy vs Uruguay – pitted former champion countries against each other, and West Germany met the Netherlands in a rematch of the 1974 World Cup Final.

The all-South American game was won for Argentina by a goal from Claudio Caniggia with ten minutes remaining after a run through the Brazilian defence by Diego Maradona and an outstanding performance from their goalkeeper Sergio Goycochea. It would later come to light that Branco had been offered water spiked with tranquilizers by Maradona and Ricardo Giusti during half time, in order to slow him down on the second half. Initially discredited by the press, Branco would be publicly proven right years later, when Maradona confessed the episode in a TV show in Argentina.[22] As for Italy, a strong second half showing saw the hosts beat Uruguay 2–0, thanks to another goal from Schillaci and one from Aldo Serena.

The West Germany–Netherlands clash was held in Milan, and both sides featured several notable players from the two Milanese clubs (interestingly, three from each side, both in clubs and in national teams: Germans Andreas Brehme, Lothar Matthäus and Jürgen Klinsmann for Internazionale, Dutchmen Marco van Basten, Ruud Gullit and Frank Rijkaard for Milan). After 22 minutes Rudi Völler and Frank Rijkaard were both dismissed after a goalmouth incident. As the players walked off the pitch together, Rijkaard spat at Völler. Early in the second half, Jürgen Klinsmann put the West Germans ahead and Andreas Brehme added a second with eight minutes left. A Ronald Koeman penalty for the Netherlands in the 89th minute narrowed the score to 2–1 but the Germans saw the game out to gain some revenge for their exit to the Dutch in the previous European Championship.

Meanwhile, the heroics of Cameroon and Roger Milla continued in their game with Colombia. Milla was introduced as a second half substitute with the game goalless, eventually breaking the deadlock midway in extra time. Three minutes later he netted a second after Colombian goalkeeper, René Higuita was dispossessed by Milla while well out of his goal, leaving the striker free to slot the ball into the empty net. Though the deficit was soon reduced to 2–1, Cameroon held on to become the first African team ever to reach the World Cup quarter-finals. Costa Rica were comfortably beaten 4–1 by Czechoslovakia, for whom Tomáš Skuhravý scored the tournament's second and final hat-trick.

The Republic of Ireland's match with Romania remained goalless after extra time, and the Irish side won 5–4 on penalties. David O'Leary converted the penalty that clinched Ireland's place in the quarter-finals. Ireland thus became the first team since Sweden in 1938 to reach the last eight in a World Cup finals tournament without winning a match outright. Yugoslavia beat Spain 2–1 after extra time, with Dragan Stojković scoring both the Yugoslavs' goals. England were the final qualifier against a Belgium, as midfielder David Platt's swivelling volley broke the stalemate with the game moments away from a penalty shoot-out.

Cameroon 2–1 (a.e.t.) Colombia
Milla 106', 109' Report Redín 115'
Attendance: 50,026
Referee: Tullio Lanese (Italy)
Czechoslovakia 4–1 Costa Rica
Skuhravý 12', 63', 82'
Kubík 75'		 Report González 54'
Attendance: 47,673
Brazil 0–1 Argentina
Report Caniggia 80'
Attendance: 61,381
West Germany 2–1 Netherlands
Klinsmann 51'
Brehme 82'		 Report R. Koeman 89' (pen.)
Attendance: 74,559
Republic of Ireland 0–0 (a.e.t.) Romania
Report
Penalties
Sheedy soccer ball with check mark
Houghton soccer ball with check mark
Townsend soccer ball with check mark
Cascarino soccer ball with check mark
O'Leary soccer ball with check mark		 5–4 soccer ball with check mark Hagi
soccer ball with check mark Lupu
soccer ball with check mark Rotariu
soccer ball with check mark Lupescu
soccer ball with red X Timofte
Attendance: 31,818
Italy 2–0 Uruguay
Schillaci 65'
Serena 83'		 Report
Attendance: 73,303
Spain 1–2 (a.e.t.) Yugoslavia
Salinas 83' Report Stojković 78', 92'
Attendance: 35,500
England 1–0 (a.e.t.) Belgium
Platt 119' Report
Attendance: 34,520

Quarter-finals

The first game of the last 8 saw Argentina and a Yugoslav side, reduced to 10 men after only half an hour, play out a goalless stalemate. The holders reached the semi-finals after winning the penalty shoot-out 3–2, despite Maradona having his penalty saved. A second Argentine miss (by Pedro Troglio) looked to have eliminated them until goalkeeper Sergio Goycochea – playing because first choice Nery Pumpido broke his leg during the group stage – rescued his side by stopping the Yugoslavs' final two spotkicks.

The Republic of Ireland's World Cup run was brought to an end by a single goal from Schillaci in the first half of their quarter-final with hosts Italy. West Germany beat Czechoslovakia with a 25th minute Lothar Matthäus penalty.

The most intriguing match of the quarter-finals was between England and Cameroon. Apart from anything else, it was the only quarter-final to produce more than one goal. Despite Cameroon's heroics earlier in the tournament, David Platt put England ahead in the 25th minute. But at half-time, Milla was brought on, and the game was turned on its head in five second half minutes. First Cameroon were awarded a penalty, from which Emmanuel Kunde scored the equaliser. Then, in the 65th minute, Eugene Ekeke put Cameroon ahead. The African team came within eight minutes of reaching the semi-finals - and then they conceded a penalty, which Gary Lineker gratefully converted. Midway through extra time, England were awarded another penalty, and Lineker again scored from the spot. England were through to the semi-finals for the first time in twenty four years.

Argentina 0–0 (a.e.t.) Yugoslavia
Report
Penalties
Serrizuela soccer ball with check mark
Burruchaga soccer ball with check mark
Maradona soccer ball with red X
Troglio soccer ball with red X
Dezotti soccer ball with check mark		 3–2 soccer ball with red X Stojković
soccer ball with check mark Prosinečki
soccer ball with check mark Savićević
soccer ball with red X Brnović
soccer ball with red X Hadžibegić
Attendance: 38,971
Republic of Ireland 0–1 Italy
Report Schillaci 38'
Attendance: 73,303
Czechoslovakia 0–1 West Germany
Report Matthäus 25' (pen.)
Attendance: 73,347
Referee: Helmut Kohl (Austria)

Cameroon v England (1990 FIFA World Cup)

Cameroon 2–3 (a.e.t.) England
Kundé 61' (pen.)
Ekéké 65'		 Report Platt 25'
Lineker 83' (pen.), 105' (pen.)
Attendance: 55,205

Semi-finals

The first semi-final featured the host nation, Italy, and the world champion, Argentina. 'Toto' Schillaci scored yet again to put Italy ahead in the 17th minute, but Claudio Cannigia equalised midway through the second half, breaking Walter Zenga's clean sheet streak throughout the tournament. There were no more goals in the 90 minutes or in extra time despite Maradona showing glimpses of magic, but there was a sending-off: Ricardo Giusti of Argentina was shown the red card in the 13th minute of extra time. Argentina went through on penalties, winning the shoot-out 4-3 after more heroics from Goycochea.

The semi-final between West Germany and England was goalless at half-time. Then, in the 60th minute, a shot from Andreas Brehme was deflected by Paul Parker into his own net. England equalised with 10 minutes left, Gary Lineker was the scorer. The game ended 1-1 after extra time, and West Germany went on to win the penalty shoot-out 4-3.[23]

Argentina 1–1 (a.e.t.) Italy
Caniggia 67' Report Schillaci 17'
Penalties
Serrizuela soccer ball with check mark
Burruchaga soccer ball with check mark
Olarticoechea soccer ball with check mark
Maradona soccer ball with check mark		 4–3 soccer ball with check mark Baresi
soccer ball with check mark Baggio
soccer ball with check mark De Agostini
soccer ball with red X Donadoni
soccer ball with red X Serena
Attendance: 59,978
West Germany 1–1 (a.e.t.) England
Brehme 60' Report Lineker 80'
Penalties
Brehme soccer ball with check mark
Matthäus soccer ball with check mark
Riedle soccer ball with check mark
Thon soccer ball with check mark		 4–3 soccer ball with check mark Lineker
soccer ball with check mark Beardsley
soccer ball with check mark Platt
soccer ball with red X Pearce
soccer ball with red X Waddle
Attendance: 62,628

Third-place match

The game saw three goals in a 15-minute spell. Roberto Baggio opened the scoring after a rare mistake by England's goalkeeper Peter Shilton, in his final game before international retirement, presented a simple opportunity. A header by David Platt levelled the game 10 minutes later but Schillaci was fouled in the penalty area five minutes later, leading to a penalty. Schillaci himself got up to convert the kick to win him the tournament's Golden Boot for his six goal tally. Nicola Berti had a goal ruled out minutes later, but the hosts claimed third place. England had the consolation prize of the Fair Play award, having received no red cards and the lowest average number of yellows per match.

Italy 2–1 England
Baggio 71'
Schillaci 86' (pen.)		 Report Platt 81'
Attendance: 51,426

Final

Main article: 1990 FIFA World Cup Final

The final between West Germany and Argentina has been cited as the most cynical and lowest quality of all World Cup Finals.[2][3][24][25][26] In the 65th minute, Argentina's Pedro Monzon was sent off for an foul on Jürgen Klinsmann, the first player ever to be sent off in a World Cup Final. Many agree that the card was unwarranted, and given due to great exaggeration of contact on Klinsmann's part. [27]

Argentina, weakened by suspension and injury, offered little attacking threat throughout a contest dominated by the West Germans, who struggled to create many clear goalscoring opportunities. The only goal of the contest arrived in the 84th minute when Mexican referee Edgardo Codesal awarded a penalty to West Germany, after a controversial foul on Rudi Völler by Roberto Sensini. Andreas Brehme, who later said there was no foul, converted the spot kick to settle the contest. In the closing moments, Argentina were reduced to nine after Gustavo Dezotti received the second yellow card of the game when he tried to retrieve the ball from Jürgen Kohler, who was holding the ball in his arms in an attempt to waste time. The 1–0 scoreline provided another first: Argentina were the first team to fail to score in a World Cup Final.

With its third title (and three second-place finishes) West Germany – in its final tournament before national reunification – became the most successful World Cup nation, until Brazil won their fourth title in 1994. West German manager Franz Beckenbauer became the only man to both captain (in 1974) and manage a World Cup winning team, and only the second man (after Mário Zagallo of Brazil) to win the World Cup as a player and as team manager. It was also the first time a team from UEFA won the final against a non-European team.

Argentina 0–1 West Germany
Report Brehme 85' (pen.)
Attendance: 73,603

Goalscorers

Salvatore Schillaci received the Golden Boot award for scoring six goals in the World Cup. This made him the second Italian footballer to have this honour, after Paolo Rossi won the award in 1982. In total, 115 goals were scored by 75 different players (none credited as own goals).

6 goals
2 goals
1 goal

Awards

Golden Boot winner Golden Ball winner Best Young Player FIFA Fair Play Trophy
Italy Salvatore Schillaci Italy Salvatore Schillaci Socialist Federal Republic of Yugoslavia Robert Prosinečki  England

All-star team

Goalkeeper Defenders Midfielders Forwards

Players who were red-carded during the tournament

Final standings

After the tournament, FIFA published a ranking of all teams that competed in the 1990 World Cup finals based on progress in the competition, overall results and quality of the opposition.[28]

R Team G P W D L GF GA GD Pts.
Final
1  West Germany D 7 5 2 0 15 5 +10 12
2  Argentina B 7 2 3 2 5 4 +1 7
3rd and 4th place
3  Italy A 7 6 1 0 10 2 +8 13
4  England F 7 3 3 1 8 6 +2 9
Eliminated in the quarter-finals
5  Yugoslavia D 5 3 1 1 8 6 +2 7
6  Czechoslovakia A 5 3 0 2 11 4 +7 6
7  Cameroon B 5 3 0 2 8 7 +1 6
8  Republic of Ireland F 5 0 4 1 2 3 −1 4
Eliminated in the round of 16
9  Brazil C 4 3 0 1 4 2 +2 6
10  Spain E 4 2 1 1 6 4 +2 5
11  Belgium E 4 2 0 2 6 4 +2 4
12  Romania B 4 1 2 1 4 3 +1 4
13  Costa Rica C 4 2 0 2 4 6 −2 4
14  Colombia D 4 1 1 2 4 4 0 3
15  Netherlands F 4 0 3 1 3 4 −1 3
16  Uruguay E 4 1 1 2 2 5 −3 3
Eliminated in the group stage
17  Soviet Union B 3 1 0 2 4 4 0 2
18  Austria A 3 1 0 2 2 3 −1 2
 Scotland C 3 1 0 2 2 3 −1 2
20  Egypt F 3 0 2 1 1 2 −1 2
21  Sweden C 3 0 0 3 3 6 −3 0
22  South Korea E 3 0 0 3 1 6 −5 0
23  United States A 3 0 0 3 2 8 −6 0
24  United Arab Emirates D 3 0 0 3 2 11 −9 0

Statistics

  • Italy's performance of 6 wins, 1 draw and 0 losses is the highest ever winning percentage for a team that did not win the World Cup.
  • The Republic of Ireland became the second team in World Cup history to reach the last eight without winning a match (Sweden progressed to the last eight by default in 1938 when Austria withdrew).


See also

References and footnotes

  1. ^ "L'Alta Definizione a Torino 1986 – 2006 di Marzio Barbero e Natasha Shpuza". Crit.rai.it. Retrieved 23 May 2012.
  2. ^ a b "Italy 1990". BBC Sport. 17 April 2002. Retrieved 11 August 2010.
  3. ^ a b "World Cup 1990". ESPN Soccernet. 9 November 2009. Retrieved 11 August 2010.
  4. ^ Glanville, Brian (2005). The Story of the World Cup. Faber. ISBN 0-571-22944-1.
  5. ^ Freddi, Cris (2006). Complete Book of the World Cup. HarperSport. ISBN 978-0-00-722916-1.
  6. ^ "FIFA World Cup™ Record – Organisation". Retrieved 14 June 2012.
  7. ^ "World Cup and Television" (PDF). FIFA. 2006. Archived from the original (PDF) on 14 June 2007. Retrieved 6 June 2007. {{cite web}}: Unknown parameter |deadurl= ignored (|url-status= suggested) (help)
  8. ^ "The FIFA World Cup TV viewing figures" (PDF). FIFA. Archived from the original (PDF) on 27 November 2007. Retrieved 31 October 2007. {{cite web}}: Unknown parameter |deadurl= ignored (|url-status= suggested) (help)
  9. ^ a b "Italy gain vote over Soviet rival". The Times. London. 21 May 1984. p. 21.
  10. ^ "Sports in brief". The Times. London. 3 August 1983. p. 17.
  11. ^ "Sports in brief". The Times. London. 2 September 1983. p. 20.
  12. ^ "World Cup formats". The Times. London. 12 November 1983. p. 18.
  13. ^ "Romania could join the boycott". The Times. London. 22 May 1984. p. 30.
  14. ^ a b c d e f g h i j k l "WM 1990 Sonderheft". Kicker (in German). May–June 1990. p. 185.
  15. ^ a b c d e f g h i j k l "World Cup '90: The Complete Collection". Orbis.
  16. ^ a b c "England Is Seeded Sixth in 1990 World Cup in Italy". New York Times. 8 December 1989. Retrieved 11 August 2010.
  17. ^ "Cup seedings revealed". New York Times. 30 November 1989. Retrieved 11 August 2010.
  18. ^ a b c d "The Times guide to the draw for the World Cup finals". The Times. London. 9 December 1989. p. 51.
  19. ^ Gardner, Paul (10 December 1989). "U.S. must face Italy in cup". New York Times. Retrieved 11 August 2010.
  20. ^ "The FIFA World Cup Final Draw history" (PDF). FIFA. Retrieved 11 August 2010.
  21. ^ "Mascots". FIFA. Retrieved 11 August 2010.[dead link‍]
  22. ^ "Como Maradona "envenenou" Branco na Copa de 90". UOL. Retrieved 6 May 2014.
  23. ^ "England v West Germany at Italia '90 – as it happened". Guardian. 27 March 2014. Retrieved 30 May 2014.
  24. ^ Glanville, Brian (2005). The Story of the World Cup. Faber. p. 303. ISBN 0-571-22944-1.
  25. ^ Vecsey, George (9 July 1990). "Winning Ugly, Losing Ugly, Just Plain Ugly". New York Times. Retrieved 11 August 2010.
  26. ^ "A poor display bare of class". The Times. London. 9 July 1990.
  27. ^ "A poor display bare of class". The Times. London. 9 July 1990.
  28. ^ "All-time FIFA World Cup Ranking 1930-2010" (PDF). Fédération Internationale de Football Association. Retrieved 30 January 2013.
  29. ^ Figure does not include shootouts; penalties were missed during games by: Michal Bílek (Czechoslovakia v USA), Rubén Sosa (Uruguay v Spain), Faruk Hadžibegić (Yugoslavia v Colombia), Gianluca Vialli (Italy v USA) and Enzo Scifo (Belgium v Spain)
  30. ^ Figure does not include second yellow cards that led to a red card

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