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Amritsar district

Coordinates: 31°35′N 74°59′E / 31.583°N 74.983°E / 31.583; 74.983
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This article is about the district. For its eponymous headquarters, see Amritsar.

Amritsar district
District of Punjab
Clockwise from top-left: Harmandir Sahib, Attari-Wagah Border Crossing, Ajnala Fort, 1971 War memorial at Pul Kanjri
Location in Punjab
Location in Punjab
Coordinates: 31°35′N 74°59′E / 31.583°N 74.983°E / 31.583; 74.983
Country India
StatePunjab
Named forSuffice of Amrit
HeadquartersAmritsar
Government
 • Commissioner of PoliceArun Pal Singh[1]
Area
 • Total2,683 km2 (1,036 sq mi)
Population
 (2011)[2]
 • Total2,490,656
 • Density930/km2 (2,400/sq mi)
Languages
 • OfficialPunjabi
Time zoneUTC+5:30 (IST)
Vehicle registrationPB-01(commercial) PB-02, PB-14, PB-17, PB-18, PB-81, PB-89
Literacy (7+)76.27%
Websiteamritsar.nic.in

Amritsar district is one of the twenty three districts that make up the Indian state of Punjab. Located in the Majha region of Punjab, the city of Amritsar is the headquarters of this district.

As of 2011, it is the second most populous district of Punjab (out of 23), after Ludhiana.

History

During British Rule Amritsar District was part of Lahore Division and was administratively subdivided into 3 tehsils namely - Amritsar, Ajnala and Tarn Taran.[3] However, as part of the partition of India in 1947 Amritsar district was separated from the rest of the division and awarded to India. However, some parts like Patti & Khem Karan falls in the Lahore District but due to partition, these towns became the part of Amritsar District. During the partition period, the Muslim population of the district, some 46%, left for Pakistan while Hindus and Sikhs from West Punjab in newly created Pakistan migrated in the opposite direction. The Sikhs and Hindus (37% and 15.38%) were a majority in the Amritsar district constituting about 52% of the population together before the partition of 1947.

Climate

Amritsar has a semiarid climate, typical of Northwestern India and experiences four seasons primarily: winter season (December to March, when temperatures can drop to −1 °C (30 °F), summer season (April to June) where temperatures can reach 45 °C (113 °F), monsoon season (July to September) and post-monsoon season (October to November). Annual rainfall is about 703.4 millimetres (27.7 in).[4] The lowest recorded temperature is −3.6 °C (25.5 °F), was recorded on 9 December 1996 and the highest temperature, 47.8 °C (118.0 °F), was recorded on 9 June 1995.[5] The official weather station for the city is the civil aerodrome at Rajasansi. Weather records here date back to 15 November 1947.

Climate data for Amritsar Airport
Month Jan Feb Mar Apr May Jun Jul Aug Sep Oct Nov Dec Year
Record high °C (°F) 26.8
(80.2) 		32.2
(90.0) 		36.2
(97.2) 		44.1
(111.4) 		47.7
(117.9) 		47.8
(118.0) 		45.6
(114.1) 		40.7
(105.3) 		40.6
(105.1) 		38.3
(100.9) 		34.2
(93.6) 		28.5
(83.3) 		47.8
(118.0)
Mean maximum °C (°F) 23
(73) 		26.1
(79.0) 		32
(90) 		40.5
(104.9) 		44
(111) 		44.1
(111.4) 		39.8
(103.6) 		37.1
(98.8) 		36.8
(98.2) 		35.5
(95.9) 		30.5
(86.9) 		24.9
(76.8) 		45.2
(113.4)
Mean daily maximum °C (°F) 18.4
(65.1) 		21.7
(71.1) 		26.8
(80.2) 		34.2
(93.6) 		39
(102) 		39
(102) 		35
(95) 		34.2
(93.6) 		34.1
(93.4) 		32
(90) 		27.1
(80.8) 		21.1
(70.0) 		30.2
(86.4)
Mean daily minimum °C (°F) 3.4
(38.1) 		6.3
(43.3) 		10.9
(51.6) 		16.1
(61.0) 		21.3
(70.3) 		24.3
(75.7) 		25.3
(77.5) 		24.9
(76.8) 		22.1
(71.8) 		15.4
(59.7) 		8.7
(47.7) 		4.1
(39.4) 		15.2
(59.4)
Mean minimum °C (°F) −0.5
(31.1) 		1.7
(35.1) 		5.6
(42.1) 		10.2
(50.4) 		15.8
(60.4) 		19.6
(67.3) 		21.7
(71.1) 		21.4
(70.5) 		17.8
(64.0) 		10.7
(51.3) 		4.2
(39.6) 		0.1
(32.2) 		−1.2
(29.8)
Record low °C (°F) −2.9
(26.8) 		−2.6
(27.3) 		2
(36) 		6.4
(43.5) 		9.6
(49.3) 		15.6
(60.1) 		18.2
(64.8) 		18.8
(65.8) 		13
(55) 		7.3
(45.1) 		−0.6
(30.9) 		−3.6
(25.5) 		−3.6
(25.5)
Average rainfall mm (inches) 26.2
(1.03) 		38.6
(1.52) 		38.4
(1.51) 		21.4
(0.84) 		26.7
(1.05) 		61.2
(2.41) 		210.1
(8.27) 		167.3
(6.59) 		77.5
(3.05) 		16.1
(0.63) 		6.3
(0.25) 		13.6
(0.54) 		703.4
(27.69)
Average rainy days (≥ 1.0 mm) 2.1 3.3 3.2 2 2.4 3.8 8.6 6.9 3.5 1.1 0.6 1.4 38.9
Average relative humidity (%) 74 70 64 47 38 48 72 77 69 67 73 76 65
Mean monthly sunshine hours 181.7 192.7 219.4 265.0 294.7 269.0 215.5 227.7 240.8 253.2 220.1 182.2 2,762
Source: [6][7]

Demographics

Historical population
YearPop.±% p.a.
1901764,821—    
1911657,936−1.49%
1921694,261+0.54%
1931834,497+1.86%
19411,044,457+2.27%
1951880,667−1.69%
19611,010,093+1.38%
19711,209,374+1.82%
19811,460,497+1.90%
19911,698,090+1.52%
20012,157,020+2.42%
20112,490,656+1.45%
source:[8]

According to the 2011 census Amritsar district has a population of 2,490,656,[2] roughly equal to the nation of Kuwait[9] or the US state of Nevada.[10] The number of literates in Amritsar district is 1,684,770 (67.6%), with 932,981 (70.8%) male literates and 751,789 (64.1%) female literates. The effective 7+ literacy of the district is 76.27%. The sex ratio of 889 females for every 1,000 males.[2] The total Scheduled Caste population is 770,864 (30.95%) of the population. There were 488,898 households in the district in 2011.[2]

Religion

Religion in Amritsar district (2011)[11]
Religion Percent
Sikhism
 
 68.94%
Hinduism
 
 27.74%
Christianity
 
 2.18%
Islam
 
 0.50%
Other or not stated
 
 0.64%

According to the 2011 census, Sikhs make up about 69% of the population while Hindus 28%, with a small minority of Christians (2%) and Muslims. Sikhs predominate in rural areas (over 90%), while Hindus and Sikhs are in nearly-equal numbers in urban areas. Christianity is growing rapidly especially among Dalits, while Islam, once the major religion in the district, is now insignificant.[11]

Religion in Amritsar District [a]
Religion Population (1941)[12]: 42  Percentage (1941) Population (2011)[11] Percentage (2011)
Islam 657,695 46.52% 12,502 0.5%
Sikhism 510,845 36.13% 1,716,935 68.94%
Hinduism [b] 217,431 15.38% 690,939 27.74%
Christianity 25,330 1.79% 54,344 2.18%
Others [c] 2,575 0.18% 15,936 0.64%
Total Population 1,413,876 100% 2,490,656 100%

Language

Languages of Amritsar district (First Language) (2011)[13]

  Punjabi (94.30%)
  Hindi (4.80%)
  Others (0.90%)

At the time of the 2011 census, 94.30% of the population spoke Punjabi and 4.80% Hindi as their first language. Hindi-speakers almost all live in urban areas.[13]

District administration

  • The Deputy Commissioner, an officer belonging to the Indian Administrative Service is in charge of general administration of the district. He is generally a middle-level IAS officer of Punjab Cadre. As the District Magistrate, he also effectively the head of the police force. The Deputy Commissioner of Amritsar is Gurpreet Singh Khaira, appointed in 2020.[14][15][16]
  • Administration of departments such as public works, health, education, agriculture, animal husbandry, etc. is headed by district officers who belong to various Punjab state services.
  • The Commissioner of Police, an officer belonging to the Indian Police Service is responsible for maintaining law and order in the district. He is assisted by officers of the Punjab Police Service and other Punjab Police officials.
  • The Divisional Forest Officer, an officer belonging to the Indian Forest Service is responsible for the management of forests and wildlife in the district. He is assisted by officers of the Punjab Forest Service, other Punjab Forest officials, and Punjab Wildlife officials.
  • A Municipal corporation is responsible for the management of public works and health systems in the city of Amritsar. The municipal corporation is a democratic body of councillors and is presided over by the Mayor, who is elected by the councillors. At present, there are more than 70 councillors.

Amritsar District Borders the Pakistani Punjab Districts of Lahore, Kasur, Shiekhupura along the Ravi River Tarn Taran District to the South along Sutlej River, Kapurthala District along the Beas River and Gurdaspur District to the North.

Tehsils in Amritsar district

There are four tehsils in Amritsar district as per 2011 census.

# Tehsil District
1 Amritsar- II Amritsar
2 Ajnala Amritsar
3 Baba Bakala Amritsar
4 Amritsar -I Amritsar

5 majitha 6 lopoke at chogawan

Politics

Constituency
number 		Constituency
name 		Reserved for
(SC/None) 		Electors
(2017)[17][needs update] 		District[18]
15 Amritsar North None 175,908 Amritsar
16 Amritsar West SC 179,766 Amritsar
17 Amritsar Central None 135,954 Amritsar
18 Amritsar East None 153,629 Amritsar
19 Amritsar South None 148,809 Amritsar
20 Attari SC 173,543 Amritsar


MLA

No. Constituency Name of MLA Party Bench
11 Ajnala Kuldip Singh Dhaliwal Aam Aadmi Party Government
12 Rajasansi Sukhbinder Singh Sarkaria Indian National Congress Opposition
13 Majitha Ganieve Kaur Majithia Shiromani Akali Dal Opposition
14 Jandiala (SC) Harbhajan Singh E.T.O. Aam Aadmi Party Government
15 Amritsar North Kunwar Vijay Pratap Singh Aam Aadmi Party Government
16 Amritsar West (SC) Jasbir Singh Sandhu Aam Aadmi Party Government
17 Amritsar Central Ajay Gupta Aam Aadmi Party Government
18 Amritsar East Jeevan Jyot Kaur Aam Aadmi Party Government
19 Amritsar South Dr. Inderbir Singh Nijjar Aam Aadmi Party Government
20 Attari (SC) Jaswinder Singh Aam Aadmi Party Government
25 Baba Bakala (SC) Dalbir Singh Tong Aam Aadmi Party Government

References

  1. ^ "Arun Pal Singh is new Amritsar City Police Commissioner". Tribune. 9 April 2022. Retrieved 16 May 2022.
  2. ^ a b c d "Census of India: Amritsar district". censusindia.gov.in. Retrieved 12 October 2019.
  3. ^ "Imperial Gazetteer2 of India, Volume 5, page 319 -- Imperial Gazetteer of India -- Digital South Asia Library".
  4. ^ "Amritsar Climate Normals 1981-2010" (PDF). Indian Meteorological Department, Pune. Retrieved 31 March 2020.
  5. ^ "Amritsar Climate Normals 1981-2010" (PDF). Indian Meteorological Department, Pune. Retrieved 31 March 2020.
  6. ^ "Amritsar Climate Normals 1981-2010" (PDF). Indian Meteorological Department, Pune. Retrieved 31 March 2020.
  7. ^ "Amritsar Climate Normals 1971–1990". National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration. Retrieved 11 January 2014.
  8. ^ Decadal Variation In Population Since 1901
  9. ^ US Directorate of Intelligence. "Country Comparison:Population". Archived from the original on 13 June 2007. Retrieved 1 October 2011. Kuwait 2,595,62
  10. ^ "2010 Resident Population Data". U. S. Census Bureau. Archived from the original on 19 October 2013. Retrieved 30 September 2011. Nevada 2,700,551
  11. ^ a b c "Table C-01 Population by Religious Community: Punjab". censusindia.gov.in. Registrar General and Census Commissioner of India.
  12. ^ "CENSUS OF INDIA, 1941 VOLUME VI PUNJAB PROVINCE". Retrieved 21 July 2022.
  13. ^ a b "Table C-16 Population by Mother Tongue: Punjab". censusindia.gov.in. Registrar General and Census Commissioner of India.
  14. ^ "Gurpreet Singh Khaira next Amritsar DC". Tribune India. 29 July 2020. Retrieved 18 March 2021.
  15. ^ "Sh. Gurpreet Singh Khaira - District Amritsar, Government of Punjab - India". Retrieved 18 March 2021.
  16. ^ "DC administered Covid shot". Tribune India. 4 February 2021. Retrieved 18 March 2021.
  17. ^ "Electors and Polling Stations - VS 2017" (PDF). Retrieved 24 June 2021.
  18. ^ "List of Parliamentary Constituencies and Assembly Constituencies in the State of Punjab as determined by the delimitation of Parliamentary and Assembly Constituency notification dated 19th June, 2006". 19 June 2006. Retrieved 24 June 2021.
  1. ^ Historic district borders may not be an exact match in the present-day due to various bifurcations to district borders — which since created new districts — throughout the historic Punjab Province region during the post-independence era that have taken into account population increases. This discrepancy can be seen in the district population history table which has taken into account the various bifurcations since 1941.
  2. ^ 1941 census: Including Ad-Dharmis
  3. ^ Including Jainism, Buddhism, Zoroastrianism, Judaism, or not stated
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