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Sheikhupura

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شَيخُوپُورہ
city
Shaikhupura
Hiran Minar
Hiran Minar
CountryPakistan
ProvincePunjab
DistrictSheikhupura
Area
 • Total5,960 km2 (2,300 sq mi)
Elevation
236 m (774 ft)
Population
 (2012)
 • Total857,000
 • Estimate 
(2006)
400,000
Time zoneUTC+5 (PST)
Number of Union councils14

Shaikhupura (Urdu: شَيخُوپُورہ), is an industrial city and capital of Sheikhupura District in the province of Punjab about 35 km northwest of Lahore in Pakistan.[1] It is known for its historical places, and is commonly known locally as Qila Shaikhupura, because of the fort in the city, constructed by the Mughal Emperor Jahangir. The name Sheikhupura is derived from a nickname of Jahangir, who was known as Sheikhu by his father Akbar the Great.[2] The city is the headquarters of Shaikhupura District.

History

The history of Sheikhupura goes back to 100 BC. Historical research has established the fact that Sangla or Sakala was the capital of Punjab once, and it was here that Alexander the Great of Macedonia (known locally as Sikandar e Azam) fought one of his most serious battles of his career. Its name is spoken of, firstly in the pages of Tuzk-e-Jahangiri as Jahangirpura, after the name of Prince Salim Nur u Din Muhammad Jahangir.The fourth Mughal emperor of India named Jahangir changed the name of the city from Virkgarh to Sheikhupura. This area belongs to the Virk Jats.


Mughal Emperor Nor-u-Din Muhammad Jahangir renamed Virkgarh to his nickname of Sheikhu. In 1607, Sheikhupura fort was constructed following an order of Jahangir. The father of Jahangir, Emperor Jalal-uddin Mohammad Akbar used to call him Sheikhu (a nickname).

During the reign of Emperor Jahangir (1605 to 1627), Sheikhupura had the status of royal hunting ground. In Tuzk-e-Jahangiri, Jahangir wrote during the events in 1607:

On the day of Tuesday, I reside in Jahangirpura, my hunting ground. According to my order, a Minar and a grave for my deer, Mansraj, were constructed here.

Mughal Emperor Jahangir granted the estate of Sheikhupura to Syed Usman, the father of Shah Bilal, a religious preceptor of the line of Qadiriyyah.

Over the whole district, the period between the decline of the Mughal Empire after the death of Mughal Emperor Aurangzeb and the rise of Sikh confederacies was one of utter confusion and anarchy. The successive shocks of invasion from the northwest, and the devastation caused again and again by the invading armies of Nadir Shah.

Nader Shah and Ahmad Shah Abdali (1724–1773) almost completely ruined the prosperity of the tract. After the death of Aurangazeb, Muslim power declined and the Sikhs who occupied the region and ruled through various misls or small to medium sized groups. Nadir Shah and Ahmad Shah Abdali led raids that further weakened local Muslim rule. Several raids were made by the Bhangi Sardars, a Sikh community. Finally around 1780, Ranjit Singh, a Sikh ruler defeated the grandson of Ahmad Shah Abdali and later occupied this district. The Sikhs were defeated by the British around 1850 and it stayed under British rule until 1947.

In 1851, Sheikhupura Tehsil became part of Gujranwala District. The Artimapal Secretary Chief Commissioner Lahore wrote a letter to the Department of Wealth in 1855 to combine the Sheikhupura Tehsil with the Lahore District but it was never done. As soon as it became a District Zillah, a lot of lawyers came to practice. Under Sir Ganga Ram, district courts and hospitals were constructed in the city.

The predominantly Muslim population supported Muslim League and Pakistan Movement. After the independence of Pakistan in 1947, the minority Hindu and Sikh population migrated to India while the Muslim refugees from India settled in the Sheikhupura district.

Geography

Language and Demography

Further information: Punjabi dialects

As per the 1998 census of Pakistan, Punjabi language is spoken by 95%. Punjabi dialects spoken in the city are

  • Majhi or Standard (Majority)
  • Malwi (Migrated people from Indian)

Other Languages include:

  • Urdu being national language is spoken and understood.
  • English is also understood and spoken by the sizable educated people.

With the modest figure of 22,300 in 1951, the population of Sheikhupura has increased more than tenfold to more than 300,000 in half a century. In recent decades, the rate of growth has increased due to growing agricultural and industrial activities. The current population has been growing steadily and is projected to exceed to 700,000 by 2019. The population is over 99% Muslim.

Economy

As a satellite town of Lahore, Sheikhupura has developed an industrial base. According to the Census of Manufacturing Industries of 1987-1988, the value-added generated in large-scale industries was higher in Sheikhupura than in Lahore. The GRP of the city for the year 1993 has been estimated as Rs. 6,260 million, that constitutes about 32% of the district's GRP. The industrial sector contributes with 68% to the GRP and 45% to the total employment. The total number of establishments in the city has been estimated to be between 11,500 and 120,000 for 1993.

Education

There are numerous private & Government schools.

  • Sheikhupura Grammar School
  • Govt. Post Graduate College Sheikhupura
  • Govt. P.G. College For Women Sheikhupura
  • Govt. Commercial College Sheikhupura
  • Farabi College Sheikhupura
  • Oxford college Sheikhupura
  • Govt. High School Sheikhupura
  • Govt. Comprehensive High School Sheikhupura
  • Govt. Liaqat High School Sheikhupura
  • Govt. Tariq High School Sheikhupura
  • Govt. Islamia High School Sheikhupura
  • Beacon House School System
  • National Model High School
  • St. Marry's School
  • OPF public High School Sheikhupura
  • Worker Welfare High School Joyan Wala More

Government post graduate college

Government of Punjab established a Higher Secondary school in 1957 which later upgraded to Intermediate college. In 1959 Government donated 379 canal Crown Land for construction of Degree college which completed in a few years. In 1970 both Inter and degree colleges were merged in present building. College was upgraded to post graduate level in 1998 .

Location

College is located on Lahore Sargodha road behind canal rest house. It is situated in civil lines area at end of college Road. It is just half kilometer from district Courts of Sheikhupura.

Departments

Following departments are working;

Biology, Arabic, Civic, Chemistry, Physics, Mathematics, Statistics, English, Urdu, Geography, Islamic Studies, Pakistan Studies, Education, History, Sociology, Computer Science, Commerce [3]

Tourist spots

Sheikhupura has a number of historical places in the city which attracts visitors to the city:

Sheikhupura Fort
  • Hiran Minar3 km from city Sheikhupura.
  • Sheikhupura Fort (Qila Sheikhupura)
  • Company Bagh in city Sheikhupura.
  • Tomb of Shah Jamal in city Sheikhupura.
  • Muqadssa-e-Mariam
  • Sacha SodhaA Gurudawara is present here which is holly place for Sikh community.
  • Shrine of Mian Sher Muhammad Sharaqpuri is located at Sharaqpur Sharif neaely 30 km from Sheikhupura.
  • Shrine of Syed Pir Bahar Shah is located near Bati Choak, in city Sheikhupura.
  • Shrine of Syed Waras Ali Shah is located at Jandiala Sher Khan, 11 km from city Sheikhupura.

==Sports== Olympian Naveed Alam also belongs to sheikhupura

Sheikhupura Stadium is a mulch-use stadium in Sheikhdom, Pakistan. It is currently used mostly for cricket matches. The stadium holds 15,000 spectators and hosted its first test match in 1996.Famous Cricketer Wasim Akram scored his best score at this venue. There is also a hockey stadium named after Saeed Anwar Malik (former legend hockey Olympian), a public park, a gymnasium, electronic scoreboard, and stadium shopping center in the neighborhood. Jinnah Snooker Club is also a famous Snooker club of the city. It is situated at Jinnah Park (Center of the City). It is also providing coaching classes under the supervision of national and international players and has all kinds of pools games in their Pool Hall.

Sporting personalities

Shahid Tanvir became the second first-class cricketer to emerge from Sheikhupura, going on to play for the National Bank of Pakistan from 1982 to 1999. He was nicknamed 'The Tiger' (Idon't think so) by the people of Sheikhupura for his powerful shots and instinctive batting.

  • Rana Naved-ul-Hasan, born in Sheikhupura, went on to achieve international success playing for the Pakistan National Cricket Team, representing in One Day Internationals, Tests and T20s.[4]
  • Saeed Anwar Malik: played three Olympics for Pakistan hockey team
  • Asad Malik: played three Olympics for Pakistan hockey team
  • Anjum Saeed: played one Olympics for Pakistan hockey team
  • Naeem Amjad: played one Olympics for Pakistan hockey team
  • Aaqib Javed: played as fast bowler for Pakistan cricket team. He represented the national team in One Day Internationals and Tests.
  • Mohammad Asif (Urdu: محمد آصف): (born 20 December 1982) a Pakistani right arm medium fast bowler in cricket. Asif was born in Sheikhupura and has played first-class cricket for Khan Research Labs, the National Bank, Quetta, Sheikhupura, Sialkot and Leicestershire. He made his Test match debut for the Pakistan cricket team against Australia in January 2005.
  • Zahid Naveed:played three international hockey matches for Pakistan hockey team.

Famous localities

Sheikhupura city has a number of localities, each with different environment.

  • Civil Lines.
  • Jandyala Road.
  • Fish Farm.
  • Fazal Colony.
  • Tufail Shaheed Road
  • Pehalvi Road
  • Noor Muhammad Road,
  • College Road
  • Shami Road
  • Sarwar Road
  • Hali Road
  • Shibli Road.
  • Jinnah Park Area. (The Heart of Sheikhupura)
  • Iqbal Park Area.
  • Purana Shehr (old city).
  • Ghang Road.
  • Tariq Road.
  • Khalid Road.
  • Nehri Quarters.
  • Rasul Nagar.
  • Qazi Park
  • Bihari Colony.
  • Housing colony.
  • New Civil Lines.
  • Bhiki Road.
  • Nabi pura.
  • VIP gardens.
  • Green Valley.
  • Sheikhu Villas.
  • Judicial Colony.
  • Khokhar town.
  • Capri Park.

Parks

There are only some limited parks in the city which are not well-developed. The Government is trying to increase the number of parks and reform the existing parks so that the citizens can have fun there.Some parks are:

  • Ayesha Park located in Civil Lines
  • Company Park
  • Jinnah Park
  • Fatima Park
  • Jillani Garden
  • Stadium Park
  • Hockey Ground
  • Basket Ball court

Restaurants and Hotels

The number of restaurants and hotels are increasing day by day. Recently, Civil Quarters Road's name has changed to Food Street and almost all the restaurants are located there.Some famous restaurants are:

  • The City Hotel (Main G.T road)
  • Hot spoon (stadium)
  • C.F.C (food street)
  • A.F.C (food street)
  • Mehar Baba (food street)
  • Ambrosia Plate (food street)
  • Dolce Ice-cream Parlor (food street)
  • Chaman Ice-cream (food street)
  • Punjab Broast (food street)
  • Arif hotel (Main G.T road)
  • Eat and meat (Stadium)

See also

References

  1. ^ Kot Dayal Das
  2. ^ District Profile: Central Punjab- Sheikhupura
  3. ^ PROSPECTUS Govt. Post Graduate College Sheikhupura. Gazzete notifications of govt. of the Punjab.
  4. ^ http://cricketarchive.com/Archive/Players/19/19517/19517.html
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