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List of carillons

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This is an old revision of this page, as edited by Chris5858 (talk | contribs) at 16:03, 21 January 2016 (→Eastern United States: added carillon at Montclair, New Jersey). The present address (URL) is a permanent link to this revision, which may differ significantly from the current revision.

For a general overview of musical bell instruments, see Campanology. For the description and history of the carillons listed hereunder, see Carillon.

Traditional carillons, non-traditional carillons, and pseudo-carillons – each per continent and country in an (often incomplete) alphabetical list by location.

This is a dynamic list and may never be able to satisfy particular standards for completeness. You can help by adding missing items with reliable sources.

Traditional carillons

(Carillons as defined by the World Carillon Federation[1] and by the Guild of Carillonneurs in North America,[2] played from a baton keyboard)

Africa

South Africa

  • Cape Town: Carillon in the City Hall Clock Tower by Taylor, Loughborough, England ca. 1905, 40 bells.

Asia

Israel

Japan

  • Itami, Hyōgo: 'The Bells of Flanders', 43 bells.
  • Sasebo, Nagasaki: Carillon Symphonica in the 'Huis ten Bosch', 37 bells.
  • Shigaraki, Shiga: 'The Joy of Angels' at Misono, the international headquarters and spiritual centre of the Shinji Shumeikai organisation, 50 bells.

Philippines

South Korea

  • Daejeon: Carillon at KAIST
  • Daejeon: Carillon at Hyechon College, 77 bells by Petit & Fritsen linked to the keyboard. Largest carillon in the world in terms of number of bells, tying the one in Bloomfield Hills, Michigan, USA. The Hyechon Tower's nearly 11.0-ton 78th bell only strikes the hour.

Europe

Belgium

Assumedly complete list. Format: municipality (village), region: building, carillon name and/or unusual features, # bells – total bell weight in tonnes (lightest / heaviest in kg) – foundry year-oldest/year-youngest, foundry2 year-oldest/year-youngest – external link to the carillon

  • Aalst, Flanders: Belfry, 52 bells – 3.8 t
  • Antoing, Wallonia: Church, 25 bells – Barbieux, S. Van Aerschodt [5]
  • Antwerp, Flanders: Cathedral of Our Lady, 49 bells – 27.6 t
  • Antwerp (Kiel), Flanders: St. Catherine Church, 47 bells – 1.8 t
  • Antwerp (Borgerhout), Flanders: District Hall Tower, 47 bells – 5.5 t
  • Ath, Wallonia: St. Julian's Church, 49 bells – 11.1 t (bourdon 4,070 kg) – Michiels 1953/1954, Petit & Fritsen 1981/2000[6]
  • Beauraing, Wallonia: Beauraing's Castle (Castel Sainte-Marie), 29 bells – Michiels [5]
  • Binche, Wallonia: Belfry, 25 bells
  • Braine-le-Comte, Wallonia: St. Géry Church, 47 bells
  • Brakel (Nederbrakel), Flanders: St. Peter in Chains Church, 49 bells – 9.6 t
  • Bruges, Flanders: Belfry, 47 bells – 27.5 t
  • Brussels City, Brussels Capital Region: Palace of the Nations, 37 bells – 1.4 t
  • Brussels City, Brussels Capital Region: St. Michael and Gudula Cathedral, 49 bells – 15.8 t
  • Charleroi, Wallonia: Belfry, 47 bells
  • Damme, Flanders: City Hall, 39 bells – 1.2 t
  • Deinze, |Flanders: Church of Our Lady, 48 bells – 3.9 t
  • Dendermonde, Flanders: Belfry, 49 bells – 6.8 t
  • Diest, Flanders: Saints Sulpitius and Dionysius Church, 47 bells – 3.2 t
  • Diksmuide, Flanders: Belfry, 30 bells – 1.1 t
  • Eeklo, Flanders: Belfry, 30 bells
  • Enghien, Wallonia: St. Nicolas Church, 51 bells
  • Florenville, Wallonia: Church of the Ascension, 49 bells
  • Gembloux, Wallonia: Belfry, 47 bells
  • Genk, Flanders: St Martins Tower, 52 bells – 11.6 t
  • Ghent, Flanders: Belfry, 54 bells – 30.1 t[7]
  • Geraardsbergen, Flanders: St. Bartholomew Church, 49 bells – 7.9 t
  • Grimbergen, Flanders: St. Gervace Basilica, 49 bells – 7.0 t[8]
  • Haaltert, Flanders: St. Gorik Tower, 44 bells – 5.2 t
  • Halle, Flanders: Basilica of Our Lady, 54 bells – 12.9 t
  • Harelbeke, Flanders: St. Salvator Tower, 50 bells – 7.2 t
  • Hasselt, Flanders: St. Quentin Cathedral, 54 bells – 11.0 t
  • Herentals, Flanders: Belfry, 49 bells – 3.7 t
  • Herzele, Flanders: 'Schepenhuis' (verbatim: Aldermen House), 28 bells – 1.7 t
  • Hoogstraten, Flanders: St. Catherine Church, 50 bells – 11.8 t
  • Huy, Wallonia: Church of Our Lady (Notre-Dame), 49 bells
  • Ypres, Flanders: Belfry, 49 bells – 11.9 t
  • Izegem, Flanders: St. Hilonius Church, 47 bells – 10.1 t
  • Kortrijk, Flanders: Belfry, 48 bells – 1.7 t
  • Kortrijk, Flanders: St. Martins Church, 49 bells – 18.5 t
  • La Louvière, Wallonia: St. Joseph Church, 47 bells
  • Lede, Flanders: St. Martins Church, 24 bells – 0.8 t
  • Leuven, Flanders: St. Gertrudis Church, 49 bells – 15.1 t
  • Leuven, Flanders: St. Peter's Church, 49 bells – 17.5 t
  • Leuven, Flanders: University, Central Library, American Engineers' Memorial Carillon, 63 bells – 35.3 t
  • Liège, Wallonia: St. Bartholomew Church, 40 bells
  • Liège, Wallonia: Church of St. John the Evangelist, 34 bells
  • Liège, Wallonia: St. Pauls Cathedral, 49 bells
  • Lier, Flanders: St. Gummarus Church, 47 bells – 20.0 t
  • Lokeren, Flanders: St. Laurens Tower, Keyboard 2000 console, 49 bells – 16.8 t
  • Lommel, Flanders: St. Peter in Chains Church, 63 bells – 15.5 t – Eijsbouts 2000 (incl. tuning of 2 bells cast by Michiels)[9]
  • Malmédy, Wallonia: Saints Peter and Paul Cathedral, 40 bells
  • Mechelen, Flanders: Court of Busleyden, carillon for the international Royal Carillon School "Jef Denyn", 49 bells – 2.5 t
  • Mechelen, Flanders: Church of Our Lady across the Dijle, 50 bells – 9.1 t
  • Mechelen, Flanders: St. Rumbolds Cathedral, the tower contains two functional carillons, each having 49 bells – the old 36.0 and the new 40.0 t
  • Meise, Flanders: St. Martins Church, 56 bells – 5.3 t
  • Menen, Flanders: Belfry, 49 bells – 4.8 t
  • Mol, Flanders: Saints Peter and Paul Church, 49 bells – 16.5 t
  • Mol (Postel), Flanders: Norbertine Abbey, 49 bells – 2.5 t
  • Mons, Wallonia: Belfry, 49 bells
  • Namur, Wallonia: St. Aubain Cathedral, 47 bells
  • Nieuwpoort, Flanders: Church of Our Lady, 67 bells – 9.0 t
  • Ninove, Flanders: City Hall, 30 bells
  • Nivelles, Wallonia: St. Gertrude Collegial Church, 47 bells
  • Ostend, Flanders: Festivities and Culture Palace, 49 bells – 12.4 t
  • Oudenaarde, Flanders: St. Walburga Church, 49 bells – 15.3 t
  • Peer, Flanders: St. Trudo Church, 64 bells – 17.2 t
  • Poperinge, Flanders: St. Bertinus Church, 47 bells – 4.4 t
  • Roeselare, Flanders: St. Michaels Church, 49 bells – 5.2 t
  • Ronse, Flanders: St. Hermes Collegial Church, 49 bells – 12.5 t
  • Scherpenheuvel-Zichem (Scherpenheuvel), Flanders: Basilica of Our Lady, 49 bells – 13.2 t
  • Sint-Niklaas, Flanders: City Hall, 49 bells – 5.2 t
  • Sint-Truiden, Flanders: Belfry, 50 (other source 41) bells – 5.6 t
  • Sint-Truiden (Kortenbos), Flanders: Basilica of Our Lady's Ascension, 27 bells – 0.7 t
  • Soignies, Wallonia: St. Vincent Collegial Church, 47 bells
  • Steenokkerzeel, Flanders: St. Rumolds Tower, 49 bells – 7.2 t
  • Temse, Flanders: Municipal Hall, 38 bells by Paccard (1976) and Rudolf Perner (2009)
  • Thuin, Wallonia: Belfry, 31 bells
  • Tielt, Flanders: Belfry, 35 bells – 0.8 t
  • Tienen, Flanders: St. Germains Church, city carillon, 54 bells – 7.0 t
  • Tongeren, Flanders: Basilica of Our Lady, 49 (other source 42) bells – 8.0 t
  • Tournai, Wallonia: Belfry, 43 bells
  • Turnhout, Flanders: St. Peters Church, 52 bells – 10.0 t
  • Verviers, Wallonia: 'Notre Dame des Récollets' Church, 40 bells
  • Veurne, Flanders: St. Nicolas Church, 48 bells – 9.3 t
  • Wavre, Wallonia: Church of St. John the Baptist, 50 bells
  • Wingene, Flanders: St. Amands Tower, 37 bells – 4.5 t
  • Zottegem, Flanders: Church of Our Lady's Ascension, 49 bells – 6.8 t
  • Zoutleeuw, Flanders: St. Leonards Collegial Church, 39 bells – 1.2 t
  • Zwijndrecht (Burcht), Flanders: St. Martins Church 'Openluchtbeiaard' (Carillon in open air), 37 bells – 1.8 t

France

Carillonneur Brian Swager plays the carillon at the Cathedral Saint-Jean-Baptiste (John the Baptist) in Perpignan, France.
  • Annecy, Haute-Savoie: Couvent de la Visitation, 37 bells, Paccard.
  • Carcassonne, Carillon de la basilique Saint-Nazaire, 38 bells
  • Carcassonne, Carillon de l'église Saint-Vincent, 54 bells
  • Chambéry, Savoie: Château des Ducs de Savoie, 70 bells, Paccard.
  • Douai: 62 bells (bourdon 5,500 kg), Wauthy 1924 and Paccard 1954/1974.[10]
  • Grezieu la Varenne : St-Roch Church 30 bells
  • Lyon: 65 bells, Bell Tower of the City Hall.[11]
  • Miribel : Mas riller belfry, 50 bells
  • Pamiers: St. Anthony Cathedral, played by students of the local music school, 49 bells.[12]
  • Perpignan: Cathédrale Saint-Jean-Baptiste, 46 bells
  • Rouen: Cathedral, 56 bells
  • Taninges, Haute-Savoie: The parish church's 1939 15-bell chime became in 1998 a 26-bell carillon. 40 bells since 2000, Paccard and Eijsbouts.[13]
  • Tourcoing: Cathedral, ~60 bells, plus a carillon museum located in the tower.

Germany

See also: de:Carillon § Deutschland

Very incomplete list; there are about 45 carillons[14] in Germany. Format: municipality (village), federal state: building, carillon name and/or unusual features, # bells – total bell weight in tonnes (lightest / heaviest in kg) – foundry year-oldest/year-youngest, foundry2 year-oldest/year-youngest – external link to the carillon

Ireland

  • St. Colman's Cathedral, Cobh.: 49 bells.[20]

Italy

  • Rome: St. Paul's Within the Walls, 23 bells.

Lithuania

Netherlands

Norway

Poland

Portugal

  • Mafra: In royal palace. 2 carillons totaling 114 bells.[29]
  • Porto: Tower of Clerigos. 49 bells.
  • Leiria: Tower of cathedral. 23 bells.
  • Alverca: Church. 72 bells. The newest, and second biggest in Europe and the third worldwide. Bells were cast by the Dutch foundry Eijsbouts and valued at 500.000 euros in 2005.

Russia

Carillon at Palau de la Generalitat, in Barcelona.

Serbia

Spain

Switzerland

  • Pully: Église de Rosiaz, Carillon de Chantemerle, 24 bells by Eijsbouts (1953) and Rudolf Perner (2011)

Sweden

Ukraine

Anthem of Ukraine. Carillon of St. Michael's Golden-Domed Monastery. Kyiv, Ukraine

United Kingdom

Bournvile Junior School and carillon

There are 18 carillons in the United Kingdom.

North America

Canada

Port Hope, Ontario: St. Paul's Church "Carillon". Encyclopedia of Music in Canada. Retrieved June 3, 2005.

Dominican Republic

  • Higüey, Altagracia: La Catedral Basílica de Nuestra Señora de la Altagracia;[41] 45 bronze bells cast by Paccard Foundrie De Cloche, Annecy, France, in 1977.[42] This carillon was restored and fitted with a computer controller in the 1990s by Msr. Pierre Paccard and Mr. L. Eckert.

Mexico

  • Mexico City, D.F.: The Banobras Carillon. 47 bells, in the world's tallest carillon tower (125m), which is part of the old headquarters of the Banco Nacional de Obras y Servicios Publicos in the Tlatelolco neighbourhood.[43]

United States

Eastern United States
Century Tower
Gainesville, Florida
Central United States
Rees Memorial Carillon
Springfield, Illinois
University of Wisconsin–Madison Carillon Tower
Western United States

Oceania

Australia

National Carillon in Canberra, Australia

New Zealand

  • Wellington: The National War Memorial Carillon. 74 bells.

Traveling carillons

Only about a dozen carillons worldwide are intended to perform at several locations, or even while being driven around.

Belgium

  • Mechelen, Flanders: 30 bells.
  • Mons, Wallonia: Carillon Queen Fabiola, 49 bells.

Germany

  • Passau, Bavaria: 49 bells. The traveling carillon of the Rudolf Perner bellfoundry.
  • Raschau, Saxony: Traveling carillon of the Süss-Mühle in Raschau with 25 porcellain bells.[97]

Netherlands

  • Maastricht: 43 bells. The traveling carillon of Dutch carilloneur Frank Steijns.[98]

United States

  • Cast in Bronze: 35 bells. Frank DellaPenna is the founder of this traveling carillon, the only one in the United States.[99]

Non-traditional carillons

(Instruments with bells defined as non-traditional carillons by the Guild of Carillonneurs in North America,[100] played from an electric keyboard or by any automatic mechanism)

Australia

Belgium

Format: municipality (village), region: building, carillon name and/or unusual features, # bells – total bell weight in tonnes (lightest / heaviest in kg) – foundry year-oldest/year-youngest, foundry2 year-oldest/year-youngest – external link to the carillon

  • Saint-Hubert, Wallonia: Basilica of Saints Peter and Paul, Carillon Saint Hubert, 23 bells – Eijsbouts 2011

Norway

Philippines

South Africa

  • Cape Town: Carillon in the City Hall Clock Tower by J. Smith & Sons, Midland Clock Works, Derby, England, ca 1905. 12 bells. Electrically driven drum mechanism.

United States

Eastern United States

Central United States

Western United States

Pseudo-carillons

(Instruments which sound like a carillon but fall outside the definitions of a carillon by the World Carillon Federation and by the Guild of Carillonneurs in North America[108])

Philippines

United States

See also

References

  1. ^ "Organization". The World Carillon Federation. The definition of a carillon is fixed as follows: 'A carillon is a musical instrument composed of tuned bronze bells which are played from a baton keyboard'. Only those carillons having at least 23 bells will be taken into consideration.
  2. ^ The Guild of Carillonneurs in North America (GCNA) defines a carillon as "a musical instrument consisting of at least two octaves of carillon bells arranged in chromatic series and played from a keyboard permitting control of expression through variation of touch. A carillon bell is a cast bronze cup-shaped bell whose partial tones are in such harmonious relationship to each other as to permit many such bells to be sounded together in varied chords with harmonious and concordant effect." The GCNA's Co-Webmaster defines a "traditional carillon" as one played from a traditional baton keyboard.
  3. ^ www.upcarillon.org by the University of the Philippines Alumni Association. Restored in 2007. The tower and its carillon were in a bad state.
  4. ^ https://www.facebook.com/marianevents/posts/283057048466643
  5. ^ a b This carillon or its keyboard might not be in fully working order.
  6. ^ "Le carillon de la Ville d'Ath" (in French). L'Association Campanaire Wallonne. Archived from the original on 2007-07-21.
  7. ^ "Belfry - Bell-chamber". City of Ghent. Archived from the original on 2011-08-23.
  8. ^ "Description of the carillon of the "Saint-Gervase-Basilica" in Grimbergen". Archived from the original on 2007-09-28.
  9. ^ "De beiaard" (in Dutch). Archived from the original on 2007-09-27. {{cite web}}: Unknown parameter |trans_title= ignored (|trans-title= suggested) (help)
  10. ^ "Le Carillon à Douai" (in French).
  11. ^ "City hall". City of Lyon. Archived from the original on 2011-07-18.
  12. ^ "Le Carillon St-Antonin de Pamiers (09)" (in French).
  13. ^ "Le Carillon de Taninges" (in French).
  14. ^ Stadtmuseum Erfurt: Carillon im Bartholomäusturm Restored in 2007. The tower and its carillon were in a bad state.
  15. ^ "Das Glockenspiel im Rathausturm" (in German). City of Cologne.
  16. ^ Template:De icon http://www.stadtmuseum-erfurt.de/carillon/carillon.html
  17. ^ Template:De icon http://www.glockenspiel-geisa.de/content/carillon.htm
  18. ^ ExilKieler (2013-06-28). "Das Carillon am Kieler Kloster" (in German). Retrieved 2013-09-07.
  19. ^ Template:De icon http://mariahilf-muenchen.de/index.php?option=com_content&task=blogcategory&id=105&Itemid=40
  20. ^ "St. Colman's Carillon". eircom.net.
  21. ^ carillon-towers.net - de beste bron van informatie over carillon-towers
  22. ^ http://www.carillontorens.sohosted.com/barneveld001.htm
  23. ^ http://www.carillontorens.sohosted.com/dord001.htm
  24. ^ http://www.carillontorens.sohosted.com/gouda.htm
  25. ^ http://www.ukv-utrecht.net
  26. ^ http://www.carillontorens.sohosted.com/utrecht001.htm
  27. ^ Weerter Beiaardfestival 18-29 juni 2013
  28. ^ Hovedside - Rådhusets forvaltningstjeneste - Oslo kommune
  29. ^ "Mafra". Carillontorens.sohosted.com. Retrieved 2012-02-17.
  30. ^ http://website.lineone.net/~carillon
  31. ^ http://www.carillontower.org.uk
  32. ^ Manchester Town Hall
  33. ^ http://www.towerbells.org/data/UKENCTCC.HTM
  34. ^ "Mostyn House - The Carillion of Bells". Mostyn House.
  35. ^ St Mary's Lowe House
  36. ^ BBC NEWS | UK | England | North Yorkshire | New musical bells at York Minster
  37. ^ Home
  38. ^ http://www.christthekingcathedral.org/
  39. ^ http://www.findarticles.com/p/articles/mi_m1319/is_1_34/ai_96058409
  40. ^ http://www.legis.gov.bc.ca/_media/images/precinct/front10.jpg
  41. ^ Basilica de Higuey
  42. ^ http://www.towerbells.org/data/DOHIGUEY.HTM
  43. ^ World Carillon Federation
  44. ^ http://www.umass.edu/umhome/events/articles/19232.php
  45. ^ http://www.oglethorpe.edu/about_us/history/carillon_history.asp
  46. ^ "Calvary Episcopal Church / About Us / Home". calvaryepiscopal.net.
  47. ^ News: Carillon for Bryn Mawr Presbyterian Church
  48. ^ http://www.trincoll.edu/orgs/carillon/ctbells.html
  49. ^ van Bergen Bells, Charleston, SC
  50. ^ http://www.trincoll.edu/orgs/carillon/
  51. ^ The Cornell Chimes
  52. ^ http://www.longwoodgardens.org/OrganandCarillonHistory_1_3_2_1_5.html
  53. ^ Wyoming Seminary Prep School - Pennsylvania Private School, Boarding School & Day School, PA
  54. ^ http://www.middlebury.edu/campuslife/services/chaplain/mead_chapel.htm
  55. ^ "University Replaces 39 Year Old Carillon". www.montclair.edu. Retrieved 2016-01-21.
  56. ^ Guild of Carillonneurs in North America: The Carillon as a Musical Instrument
  57. ^ The Riverside Church - Carillon
  58. ^ http://www.towerbells.org/data/NYNYRIVE.HTM
  59. ^ Home | Northfield Mount Hermon
  60. ^ http://www.nmhschool.org/facilities
  61. ^ "Norwich University Campus Maps". norwich.edu.
  62. ^ Princeton University Carillon in Cleveland Tower
  63. ^ Stone Mountain Park - Atlanta Carillon
  64. ^ http://www.washingtonmemorialchapel.org/pages/carillon.html
  65. ^ "Campanile and Carillon - National Shrine of the Immaculate Conception-LIVE". kintera.org.
  66. ^ National Zoo: Pelzman Memorial Glockenspiel at the zoo in Washington, D.C
  67. ^ Washington National Cathedral : Carillon & Peal Bells
  68. ^ "Stephen Foster State Folk Culture Center" Yahoo Travel
  69. ^ "Page Not Found - Wake Forest University". wfu.edu. {{cite web}}: Cite uses generic title (help)
  70. ^ http://www.music.iastate.edu/carillon/chistory.html
  71. ^ Burton Memorial Tower
  72. ^ About Michigan Engineering | Michigan Engineering
  73. ^ http://www.towerbells.org/data/MIBLOOK1.HTM
  74. ^ "Instruments at CCC — Christ Church Cranbrook". Christchurchcranbrook.org. Retrieved 2012-02-17.
  75. ^ Campanile | Rod Library
  76. ^ http://rockefeller.uchicago.edu/carillon.html
  77. ^ http://www.towerbells.org/data/ILCHICUC.HTM
  78. ^ http://www.csl.edu/AboutCSL_Campus_Pictures_LutherTower.aspx
  79. ^ http://carillonpark.org/index.html
  80. ^ Untitled Document
  81. ^ "Sorry, We Can't Find That Page". msu.edu.
  82. ^ [1]
  83. ^ Carillon Concerts 2013 | Chicago Botanic Garden
  84. ^ http://www.parishchurch.org/cathedral/cathedral.htm
  85. ^ http://www.ttucarillon.com
  86. ^ University of Wisconsin-Madison Buildings:
  87. ^ Idlewild Presbyterian Church - Music and Choirs
  88. ^ Roselawn Memorial Park | About Us
  89. ^ Search Results: admissions article 0,1370,136111-9951-23250,00
  90. ^ http://www.visitnaperville.com/Carillon/
  91. ^ [2] Archived 2006-06-29 at the Wayback Machine
  92. ^ "Thomas Rees Memorial Carillon - Springfield, IL". carillon-rees.org.
  93. ^ Meyer Carillon, Jane A. - Campus Map - Missouri State University
  94. ^ mclane carillon
  95. ^ Neukom, Francie (2006-01-23). "Lord of the Bells". The Stanford Daily. Archived from the original on 2007-10-19.
  96. ^ City of Westminster, City Hall Webpage, "About the Bells"
  97. ^ http://www.suess-muehle.de/index.asp?katid_nr=30&seite=1030000000&bodystart=1
  98. ^ Nieuws & Media
  99. ^ Carillon Bells Man
  100. ^ The Guild of Carillonneurs in North America (GCNA) defines a carillon as "a musical instrument consisting of at least two octaves of carillon bells arranged in chromatic series and played from a keyboard permitting control of expression through variation of touch. A carillon bell is a cast bronze cup-shaped bell whose partial tones are in such harmonious relationship to each other as to permit many such bells to be sounded together in varied chords with harmonious and concordant effect." The GCNA's Co-Webmaster defines a "non-traditional carillon" as a musical instrument with bells, but played by any mechanism other than a baton keyboard.
  101. ^ "www.towerbells.org/data/PHMNDSTJ.HTM".
  102. ^ Andover Bulletin, Summer 2006
  103. ^ Oglethorpe University : Carillon History
  104. ^ http://www.smtexas.org/alumni/news/detail.asp?newsid=134841
  105. ^ The University of Mississippi - Paris-Yates Chapel
  106. ^ Hiltner, Nita. RIVERSIDE: Abolitionists gave church its start, The Press-Enterprise, Riverside, California, 2010-10-17. Retrieved 2010-10-17.
  107. ^ Towerbells.org; RIVERSIDE - MI/2 : USA - CA.
  108. ^ The Guild of Carillonneurs in North America (GCNA) defines a carillon as "a musical instrument consisting of at least two octaves of carillon bells arranged in chromatic series and played from a keyboard permitting control of expression through variation of touch. A carillon bell is a cast bronze cup-shaped bell whose partial tones are in such harmonious relationship to each other as to permit many such bells to be sounded together in varied chords with harmonious and concordant effect." The GCNA's Co-Webmaster defines a "traditional carillon" as one played from a traditional baton keyboard, and a "non-traditional carillon" as a musical instrument with bells but played from an electric keyboard or by any automatic method. Anything else is not a carillon according to the GCNA – and definitively not a carillon according to the World Carillon Federation.
  109. ^ http://webcache.googleusercontent.com/search?q=cache:QzhsB♭TvSPQJ:www.kstatecollegian.com/stories/evergreen/traditions/bellringer.shtml+%22Ralf+Hockens%22+carillon&hl=en&gl=us&ct=clnk&cd=2&client=opera
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