Talk:Trans woman

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Contradicts the articles "woman" and "female"

(This issue is closely related to the issue raised in the previous section.)

The intro paragraph says that a "trans woman" is a type of woman. That article in turn says that women are female. That article in turn defines female as, well, the common biological definition. But trans women are not female according to that definition, leading to an internal contradiction. Wikipedia could change its definition of "female" from the biological definition (which would be very strange and need some major sourcing I guess), or change the article "woman" to not define women as female people (again quite strange as that's the definition you'll find in any dictionary, encyclopedia, and from any person you ask on the street), or clarify in this article that the issue of whether "trans women" are or aren't actually women is a point of political debate.

As it stands, Wikipedia simply contradicts itself / implicitly makes the false claim that trans women have female sex. TaylanUB (talk) 14:09, 19 February 2017 (UTC)

The intro for woman includes that the term is also used to refer to a person's gender identity. Does that not resolve the contradiction? JB525 (talk) 14:36, 19 February 2017 (UTC)

I just noticed that part. I guess it could solve the contradition, though it's kind of unclear what it means to say. A wording like "some people may also be considered women because of their gender identity" would be clearer, though that's a change to that article and I'll discuss it there. As far as this article goes, it may be useful to mention in the intro that this alternative definition of woman applies, because if one simply follows the initial parts of the intros one would be led to believe that trans women are female. :-) TaylanUB (talk) 14:51, 19 February 2017 (UTC)

Also: it may be better not to state that trans women are women, but that they are considered to be women by some people, based on gender identity or social presentation. (Also see: the recommendation I just made in the talk page of the Woman article.) TaylanUB (talk) 15:09, 19 February 2017 (UTC)

It seems the woman article isn't going to be changed. But there was some agreement during the relevant discussion that the current intro of that article doesn't say that trans women are a type of woman. In line with this, the current intro should be changed so as not to imply that trans women are female or otherwise confuse readers. TaylanUB (talk) 16:40, 21 February 2017 (UTC)

Here's a few suggestions. The parenthesis mentioning alternative spellings that exists in the original is removed for brevity; it would be added back if one of these is adopted.

A trans woman is a person who is not female but professes a female gender identity.

A trans woman is a person who identifies as a woman, without being female.

A trans woman is a person who is not female but is accepted as a woman by some members of society because of her professed gender identity or social presentation.

A trans woman is a person who is accepted as a woman by some members of society because of her professed gender identity or social presentation, despite not being female.

A trans woman is a person who is not female but is accepted as a woman by some members of society.

A trans woman is a person who is accepted as a woman by some members of society, despite not being female.

Just say "A trans woman is a person who identifies as a woman but who was assigned male at birth." That's totally neutral, it doesn't say that she is or isn't a woman in some objective sense, it just says accurately that she identifies as a woman. All the other attempts above try to assert that she is not a woman compared to the current version that says she is a woman. My suggestion is neutral. It avoids the problem. — Preceding unsigned comment added by 71.36.113.110 (talk) 18:21, 28 August 2017 (UTC)

"assigned" is not neutral, and on any less touchy subject, would be considered a weasel word. It's a persuasive spin word. "A trans woman is a person who identifies as a woman but who was born biologically not female." would be accurate and neutral. 172.76.140.54 (talk) 07:24, 9 October 2017 (UTC) DD

That's all I've got for now. Note how there's three basic variations, each with a pair of sub-variants that put the "not female" part first, and last, respectively. (I thought it may be more kind to put that at the end so as not to emphasize it first, so added such a sub-variant to all basic variants.) I personally like the first variant for its simplicity, though it may not represent all trans women, as I believe some don't define their trans identity on the notion of gender identity. The third option is an attempt at fixing that, but maybe it's too long? The fifth option is a different simplistic approach that I just came up with; not sure how good. Feel free to recommend more. TaylanUB (talk) 16:57, 21 February 2017 (UTC)

Notice: I've just noticed that this page is "semi-protected" rather than fully protected (I'm a relative Wikipedia noob...) so I can just edit the article myself after all. Still, as I've started the discussion, I'll wait a bit if there's any feedback before I make a change, so there isn't too much back-and-forth editing if somebody disagrees with my choice. TaylanUB (talk) 19:40, 21 February 2017 (UTC)

Please realize how rude it is to say trans women are not female. It uses the point of view that transgenderism is just playing make believe. Georgia guy (talk) 20:53, 21 February 2017 (UTC)

  Why should it be considered “rude” to point out the hard, scientific truth?  Why should any sane person feel compelled to play along with an insane falsehood, and to treat that falsehood as truth, on the basis that adhering to the truth would be considered “rude&rdqquo;?  As a matter of hard, scientific fact, a “trans woman” is male, and is not, in any meaningful way, female.  No amount of chemical or surgical mutilation can change this, and neither can any amount of politically-correct shaming and intimidation aimed at those who prefer to give greater credence to hard science than to the insane delusions of those who are mentally-defective. — Bob Blaylock (talk) 21:34, 18 February 2018 (UTC)

As far as I can tell, Bob, your comments contradict all recent medical, scientific and legal scholarship. Do you have 21st century citations to back up your claims, or are they all anally sourced? Newimpartial (talk) 21:54, 18 February 2018 (UTC)

Please see the article female. It's a biological classification, and trans women by definition don't fall under it. Why is it be rude to point this out? TaylanUB (talk) 17:31, 22 February 2017 (UTC)

You need to understand gender identity. It's important to avoid looking at transgenderism the easy way. Please do research to understand exactly what it is; it's a serious birth condition. The statement that trans women are not biologically female, taken literally, implies that transgenderism doesn't exist biologically. Georgia guy (talk) 17:51, 22 February 2017 (UTC)

Do you have 1) any reliable sources for the claim that all or most of transgender women and men share (group wise; one for trans women one for trans men) an inborn biological condition that invariably (without the effect of society) leads to the development of their transgender identity, and 2) any reliable sources offering a definition of female and male that includes said pair of inborn conditions in those definitions? Because from what I can tell, there is neither a scientific conclusion on the cause of transgender identity, nor would it be automatically included in the definition of "female" and "male" if it did, as these are so far defined through genetics, reproductive anatomy and not for instance any aspect of a person's neurology. TaylanUB (talk) 19:43, 22 February 2017 (UTC)

Somebody besides me and TaylanUB, please reveal your opinions on this discussion. Georgia guy (talk) 19:46, 22 February 2017 (UTC)

This is becoming WP:TENDENTIOUS. We have WP:OR about one person's views on gender, sex, and the intersection thereof. I have little interest in engaging. EvergreenFir (talk) 19:59, 22 February 2017 (UTC)

(de-indent) Apparently the female article is pretty much unsourced, which I only notice now. It's not difficult to at least find online dictionary sources for the given definition though. (I'd dig up an encyclopedia or biology textbook, but I'm in Germany so won't be able to find English sources easily.) As a bare minimum, I just added a citation to the initial definition of female, using the online version of the Oxford dictionary. So, given there are verifiable definitions of "female" that exclude trans women, and assuming there are none that include them, I think it should be safe to state that trans women aren't female? TaylanUB (talk) 21:37, 22 February 2017 (UTC)

You have not demonstrated those assumptions are reasonable. Moreover, we are not a dictionary (WP:NOTDICTIONARY). We don't define or discuss topics based on the OED. Additionally, the term female is contested more generally; some argue it should be used only in terms of biological sex, but common parlance and other sources use it interchangeably with woman and to refer to gender. (See Sex-gender distinction) Provide some sources for your broad statements please. I can tell you that the most recent social science literature doesn't discuss trans women in terms of "biologically male but gender as a woman" but rather as an assigned-male at birth person who is a woman. The focus now is about sex assignment and transgender people are those who do not identify with that assigned gender/sex. ([1], [2], [3], [4]) EvergreenFir (talk) 00:27, 23 February 2017 (UTC)

"Assigned" ? Nature and chromosomes assigned a penis to the individual. There is such a thing as biological sex. This article should not taking a position that confuses biological sex with psychologically identified gender. 172.76.140.54 (talk) 07:24, 9 October 2017 (UTC) DD

Well, that's the most nonsensical argument I've seen yet on this page (and there have been a few). If nature (let's say, in the form of an attacking hyena) unassigned a penis to an individual, would their sex have changed? If a congenital condition didn't assign them one in the first place, are they necessarily not male? Anatomical features do not necessarily correspond to a person's sex or gender, and the distinction you're drawing between "biological sex" and "psychologically identified gender" (got a reliable source for that term, btw?) is not nearly as clear-cut as you might think it is.

Look, I get that some of what you're reading in this article and elsewhere may be new and confusing; there's a learning curve involved, and old misconceptions die hard. My own understanding of the topic of gender has evolved significantly since my "knowledge" about it was first challenged in a university course many years ago. It would be really helpful if people wouldn't keep showing up here presenting nuggets of received wisdom and proclaiming them to be irrefutably true. I agree with EvergreenFir; this is becomimg tendentious. Rivertorch^FIRE_WATER 08:58, 19 February 2018 (UTC)

Milestones section

The section Milestones in transgender activism and visibility has some issues.

First, the relevance of the section to the article: there are other articles where this section as currently constituted might fit better, such as at the Transgender article, or, since every subsection in this section currently concerns U.S. people and events, perhaps History of transgender people in the United States. Or as some of them concern the wider LGBT and not just trans* people, perhaps at LGBT history in the United States.

With a section title change, some of this material could be kept Since this is the Trans woman article, if it were something like "Milestones in activism and visibility of trans women" would be relevant and on-topic for the article, although I find that wording rather awkward, and hopefully something better could be found. We could keep the stuff about Christine Jorgensen, mention the crucial role transwomen played at Stonewall. The sections on Pride, and Minnesota discrimination laws are not specifically about transwomen, and would fit better in a "Milestones" section in a Transgender article.

In addition, all of the five subsections are extensively covered in other articles, so all that would be needed here, is a brief summary section, with the use of Wikilinks or {{Main}} template links to the principal articles concerned. Mathglot (talk) 20:44, 11 May 2017 (UTC)

Adding for the record: these edits appear to be related to classwork being performed in connection with a college class; see Wikipedia:Wiki Ed/Loyola Marymount University/Gender, Race, and Sexuality in Contemporary Society Sections 4 and 5 (Spring 2017) for details. Mathglot (talk) 01:26, 12 May 2017 (UTC)

I've recast the list as a definition list for now, rather than keep a whole series of short subsections, which have main articles elsewhere. Let's see how this works. Also, the items in the list are kind of arbitrary. Mathglot (talk) 23:23, 18 May 2017 (UTC)

No activity on this section in many months. I've removed the former Milestones section from the article and copied it here:

Copy of the "Milestones" section from version 824779914 of the article.

Milestones 1930 – Lili Elbe In Germany in 1930, Elbe underwent the first known sexual reassignment surgery (SRS). 1952 – Christine Jorgensen Jorgensen, a former G.I., was the first American to have SRS that was widely publicized. Her treatment and surgery took place in Denmark. 1969 – Stonewall riots A series of riots following the police raid of the Stonewall Inn, a gay night club in New York City on the morning of June 28, 1969. The riots lasted for three days. The Stonewall riots are widely considered to be the event that sparked the gay liberation movement. 1970 – Pride Parade A major event in the LGBT movement, and was inspired by the Stonewall Riots. The first parade was organized by the Chicago Gay Liberation and took place on June 27, 1970 in Chicago. In the following few days, other cities including San Francisco, Boston, Hollywood and New York had marches of their own. 1975 – first U.S. gender identity legislation Minneapolis became the first city in the United States to ban discrimination based on gender identity in 1975. In addition, Minnesota became first state to ban discrimination based on gender identity and sexual orientation in 1993, based on the Human Rights Act. 1977 – Renée Richards U.S. tennis player who played as a male in the 1970s, underwent SRS in 1975, and returned to the circuit playing as a woman after a landmark court case in 1977. 1998 – Transgender Day of Remembrance A date memorializing individuals killed in transphobic acts of violence. Transgender Day of Remembrance was started by transgender activist Gwendolyn Ann Smith in 1999 after the murder of transgender woman Rita Hester on November 28, 1998. The day is celebrated annually on November 20, as part of Transgender Awareness Week. This was one of the first major social movements to promote transgender visibility. References

Please propose any changes here, but it looks to me that this might work better at Transgender history, if anywhere. Mathglot (talk) 11:16, 19 February 2018 (UTC)

Opening sentence

I'm sure this a contentious topic but I don't see how the phrase "assigned male" can possibly be NPOV enough to make it into the first sentence of the article. Male is a sex. People are born male as a matter of (NPOV) fact. Trans women were born male. Assigned is clearly a loaded term and in any case only really works with masculinity/manhood, not male-ness. 79.79.252.177 (talk) 19:23, 30 December 2017 (UTC)

The article's wording is consistent with that of reliable sources. You offer no sources for any of the claims you make. Rivertorch^FIRE_WATER 19:55, 31 December 2017 (UTC)

Hello I would like to help with this

I am a transwoman who is currently going thru transition to female (full surgery). I would love to be able to add my knowledge and experience to this. I'm one of many who only identify as trans until I have SRS surgery then I will go as cis female. I am also pansexual and polysexual. I can speak to these as well as per my experience and I will also research grounded knowledge and sources so that any and all information I add to this or any other pages pertaining to this subject matter will be accurate and founded in true and accurate science and accountings. Please allow me this (I will also be make sure my grammar is proper) I am a math and science geek. Jessica Hart (talk) 16:20, 17 January 2018 (UTC)

Jessica Hart, welcome to Wikipedia! I wish you all the best in your transition, and look forward to your contributions here. Naturally you are free to edit articles of your choice. One note of caution, however: while each editor's background informs her/his participation, Wikipedia's policies and guidelines prevail. In particular, please familiarize yourself with WP:RS. Regardless of what you may know from personal experience, every edit must be supported by a reliable and verifiable source. As for grammar, I think you'll find our editorial community forgiving and helpful. We all enjoy polishing each other's writing, with the goal to make Wikipedia both informative and readable. If you understand that this is a collective and collaborative project, you'll fit right in. KalHolmann (talk) 16:43, 17 January 2018 (UTC)

Jessica Hart, in addition to what KalHolmann stated, do see WP:MEDRS when it comes to sourcing medical content. Flyer22 Reborn (talk) 17:05, 17 January 2018 (UTC)

I totally agree and understand, I am currently looking through tutorials of how to edit. I wasn't trying to post my opinion I am strictly a factual and evidence based girl. I want to be on this topic because it is close to home and I have been recording the steps needed to go through transition. Due to the fact there isn't a reliable source on the matter to be honest. I want to help future trans ppl if I can. Everything I contribute will be backed by true and medical documentation when applicable, and with reputable sources when published works are not available. I won't be working on this until I have learned the way to edit and HTML code like everyone else. I'm very thorough and methodical when I attempt anything. Thank you so much for your kind words. Jessica Hart (talk) 18:20, 17 January 2018 (UTC)

Welcome, Jessica. Agree with previous replies, and wanted to add one more bit of advice: this is a difficult topic area for a new editor to gain their footing. Certain topic areas at WP are considered contentious and have special rules pertaining to article changes, and any article related to gender is firmly in that category. Any changes you make here will be scrutinized much more carefully, than would changes to Medieval basket-weaving, and almost anything you say will run up against some editors who disagree, and who won't hesitate to tell you so, or to simply undo your edits. You might consider starting off with some edits in another topic area you enjoy (you don't have to have any special knowledge of something to contribute), and see how that goes, first. If you're determined to contribute to this article, then please step carefully, read WP:ACDS, follow the guidelines on verifiability, neutral PoV, and reliable sources (including MEDRS), and consider discussing your changes here on the the talk page first and making an edit request, before adding them to the article directly. Hope this helps, and welcome! Mathglot (talk) 02:32, 28 January 2018 (UTC)

Influential trans women

This section partially duplicates material at the longer list contained in the article List of trans women (currently a redirect to List of transgender people). There's also the problem of who merits inclusion here under the rubric "Influential". Perhaps one could simply change the section title to "Notable transwomen" and use the notability standard, which seems to be what the section is doing now, as everyone currently in the list is blue-linked. Perhaps there should be a merge of this section to the List article. Mathglot (talk) 02:22, 28 January 2018 (UTC)

No response, so I've changed the section title to "Notable trans women". Still wondering what people think about a merge to the List article. Mathglot (talk) 11:24, 7 February 2018 (UTC)

This article is messy and needs tweaking

Can someone please fix this? 2001:569:7671:F100:1C5E:CEE0:2255:5A1E (talk) 14:24, 9 February 2018 (UTC)

Certainly, I'd be happy to. What exactly would you like to see changed? Mathglot (talk) 06:06, 20 February 2018 (UTC)

Not a neutral article

How about some discussion of the chromosome status of the overwhelming majority of trans women? Or is too offensive to point such things out! — Preceding unsigned comment added by 110.175.179.143 (talk) 13:48, 9 April 2018 (UTC)

Does any peer-reviewed research exist on the chromosone status of Trans women? I am not aware of any. Newimpartial (talk) 19:35, 9 April 2018 (UTC)

I believe it's fairly well known that transwomen are born male and that current technology does not change chromosomes or the reproductive system of the person. Medically, they could be seen as landing between male and female, a bit like intersex people. Currently, the article begins by stating that they are women, which would imply that they are female. The same problem exists in the trans man page. Wikipedia is flatly contradicting itself.

How about: A trans woman is a person assigned male at birth, who professes a female gender identity. Taylan (talk) 20:16, 9 May 2018 (UTC)

How is that related to what OP asked and not just rehashing the same issue presented on DRN? EvergreenFir (talk) 20:23, 9 May 2018 (UTC)

I seem to have missed Taylan's reply to my comment, which did not respond to my actual point. I was asking, for example, whether trans women were more likely to be xxy or xyy or intersex xx people rather than xy? Is there any actual data? To assume that Trans women represent the same range of chromosomes as cis men because they are born (or assigned) "male" seems to me to be begging the question. We are in a historical period where lay people assert chromosomes as a defining characteristic (and elevated substitute for anatomy) without looking at the evidence about actual chromosomes. Newimpartial (talk) 01:49, 10 June 2018 (UTC)

Removed a section

In the sexual orientation section, I removed the unsourced NPOV paragraph, as well as the quote, the citation was based on Deirdre's memoir which is not NPOV, and of questionable value, or relevance, also whoever wrote it in didn't actually cite that it was Deirdre's memoir, I had to visit the archived citation, which seems like a sketchy way of getting around just putting in an opinion. Also, personally I think that the overview of trans terminology is irrelevant to trans women specifically, and probably should be removed, as it belongs in a page about trans terminology, or trans people in general, but I won't remove anything that is legitimately sourced, unless there is conscious. ShimonChai (talk) 08:40, 24 May 2018 (UTC)

Edit: I removed a few other things that weren't related specifically to trans women, a sentence about trans men, and a few paragraphs that were unsourced in the terminology section, as they have nothing to do with trans women specifically. Finally, I removed a conclusion sentence in the "transwomen" definition under the terminology section. Furthermore, regarding future changes it would be nice to see this page actually go more in depth on MTF transitioning rather than just focusing on social issues relating to MTF women. ShimonChai (talk) 19:17, 27 May 2018 (UTC)

Lead section, one more time

This talk page contains numerous former discussions about the wording stating trans women are women, but none of those discussions seem to have been fruitful. Ultimately the lead section remained in direct contradiction with the Wikipedia pages woman and female and supported a specific political position in a contemporary debate.

I've been a bit bolder this time and went forth to change its wording to be more neutral. If you see any problem with the wording I've switched to, please try to explain clearly and in detail so we can have a fruitful discussion about it and settle with a wording that's neutral, non-contradicting, and palatable to people on either side of the debate. Taylan (talk) 14:33, 9 June 2018 (UTC)

TaylanUB, do you really think that trans women are not women?? Georgia guy (talk) 14:57, 9 June 2018 (UTC)

Yes. However, the personal opinions of Wikipedia editors are supposed to be irrelevant, no? Taylan (talk) 20:28, 9 June 2018 (UTC)

Well, you are violating that principle, since your opinions are showing in your edits. Also, per BRD, please don't edit ear after your B and during the Day phase. To do so is both unbecoming and against policy. Newimpartial (talk) 23:07, 9 June 2018 (UTC)

No, but you're violating WP:AGF by assuming that I want the article to represent my opinion rather than a neutral position. Taylan (talk) 12:44, 10 June 2018 (UTC)

I read your edits, thought they reflected a POV but didn't say anything about it, then commented when you disclosed your POV. That procedure is well within AGF, and might even be helpful since you seem blind to the ways your intended "neutral" language is not actually neutral (which has been a problem for other editors in previous rounds of this discussion). Newimpartial (talk) 13:07, 10 June 2018 (UTC)

Please explain how "AMAB person who identifies as a woman" is not neutral. Taylan (talk) 20:10, 10 June 2018 (UTC)

Typically other Wikipedia articles are not suitable sources for wikipedia, though I do see that the definition even on wikipedia the woman article does include trans women. Rab V (talk) 19:07, 9 June 2018 (UTC)

I assume you're referring to the last sentence of the lead of the woman article. It says that with regard to gender, woman may refer to a transwoman. I.e. it's provided as an alternative definition, which is fine. If the lead section of this article will be using that definition, it would correspondingly need to make that clear. For example: "a trans woman is a person who is a woman in terms of gender self-identification although they were assigned male at birth." (Not a sentence I would actually propose to use in the article, as it's awkward.) Taylan (talk) 20:43, 9 June 2018 (UTC)

To me "A trans woman (sometimes trans-woman or transwoman) is a woman who was assigned male at birth" is far more neutral than "A trans woman (sometimes trans-woman or transwoman) is a person who was assigned male at birth but identifies as a woman". The latter comes across as 'they think they are women but aren't really", which could be viewed as discriminatory. --John B123 (talk) 21:39, 9 June 2018 (UTC)

TaylanUB, there is a whole discussion in Woman about how the term, as a gender, covers people who are assigned female gender but identify as male. I have no idea why editors arrive at "Trans woman" and "Trans man" - which are clearly articles about gender identities - and try to impose chromosomally- or anotomically-determined sex definitions on them. That represents literally the worst kind of POV OR. Newimpartial (talk) 23:11, 9 June 2018 (UTC)

That is irrelevant to my point. The definition of "woman" that covers trans women is an alternative one belonging to an ideological position. Taylan (talk) 12:47, 10 June 2018 (UTC)

My suggestion, Taylan, would be that the reason that you are having so much difficulty discussing this topic is because you see the gender identity definition of "woman" as "alternative" to the one based on anatomy and/or chromosomes. This position of yours is not at all irrelevant, since it determines what you see as "neutral" and what you see as "ideological". I dare say that the perspective from which, in an article about a gender identity, the relevant definition of woman is as a gender identity is the mainstream position in this context, while the position that identity language should be dictated from anatomy and/or chromosomes is FRINGE in 2018, and if reflected in this article, should not be present in the Lede but in another section like "Exclusion of Trans women from acceptance as women" which could cover restroom laws, etc. Newimpartial (talk) 13:01, 10 June 2018 (UTC)

The definition of "woman" pro-transgender movement editors use is clearly an alternative one to the main one, as seen on the woman page and on most English dictionaries. The idea that transwomen are not literally women is far from fringe, as most socially conservative people and also many socially liberal people, especially feminists, see it as a rather ludicrous notion. Currently, dictionaries even include transwomen under their definition of "man" since "woman" and "man" are mainly defined in reference to biology. I think your deeply held ideological beliefs might be clouding your judgment here. But all of that aside, let me reiterate: none of the citations from what I can see support the current wording in the article. Taylan (talk) 20:10, 10 June 2018 (UTC)

First of all, the wording in the article lede is supported directly by the eighth source (last time I looked), and follows correctly the WP procedure of providing detail and evidence in the article and summarizing in the led (rather than edit warring in the Lede as you have repeatedly chosen to do).

Second, from an examination of your contribution to other topics it seems that you understand the distinction between gender and biological sex. Your repeated attempts to edit this article -which explicitly concerns a gender identity- so that it conforms your personal opinions about the relationship between gender and anatomy is inexplicable to me, but on any event falls within the realm of POV, whereas the article should be based on sources.

It is increasingly true that in Canada, the UK, the US and other countries a minority of Trans women are legally recognized as Women and a larger set of Trans women are socially recognized as Women. That closure of the RfC on MOS: GENDERID, no matter how "ludicrous" it seems to you, is binding and was intended to end misgendering and deadnaming in WP articles; your repeated edits do, in fact, communicate your conviction that Trans women are not women and therefore violate GENDERID in both spirit and letter. Newimpartial (talk) 22:00, 10 June 2018 (UTC)

@Newimpartial: You seem to be confused on several points. Firstly, the common definitions of "woman" and "man" are based on sex, not gender, as seen in most English dictionaries; they explicitly refer to the terms "female" and "male" which in turn tend to be defined in terms of reproductive function. As such, any ideas you have about my supposed belief in a relationship between gender and anatomy is gravely mistaken. If you are so interested in my personal opinions, allow me to give a short summary (I realize this is not a forum): women and men are female and male humans respectively (sex), who are oppressively forced into feminine and masculine social roles (gender). The idea that "woman" and "man" are social constructs is merely the post-modernist phrasing of this same idea, usually just making it more difficult to understand and leading people astray into philosophical masturbation. End of digression.

Secondly, your reference to Canada, UK, US etc. laws is highly centered on 21st century western(ized) countries; it is very far from being global. As for your reference to "social recognition," that is not only western-centric but also simply wrong. I was going to say "questionable" but then I googled it and found out that as of 2017, 54% of the US population is of the opinion that whether a person is a woman or a man is determined by their sex. (It is even 34% among Democrats and 49% among millennials, which is almost shocking to me to be honest.)

Thirdly, regarding MOS:GENDERID, this seems to be yet another misunderstanding of Wikipedia rules. (People are throwing these at me all the time.) MOS:GENDERID is concerned with how individual persons are referred to. It is not a statement about Wikipedia's position on the gender debate; Wikipedia would not take such a position, and thankfully indeed does not seem to. This article stating that transwomen are AMAB people who identify as women, rather than expressly stating that they are women, would not be a breach of MOS:GENDERID at all.

Finally, regarding the 8th citation, it's a work by a transgender philosopher. It is highly questionable how much its contents correlate with public understanding of gender, identity, and society. It's noteworthy that in the parts of the article using this citation, there is merely an explanation of the perspectives offered by the book. So the body of the Wikipedia article (correctly) does not take the contents of the book as fact, but rather position.

To summarize: whether transwomen are women is not settled in public opinion, science, or anywhere else. None of the citations justify the lead section taking a position on this question. No Wikipedia rules mandate the article taking a position on this question. A straightforward NPOV wording would be "AMAB person who identifies as a woman" and no proper reason was so far given as to why this wording should not be used; neither were alternatives offered. The current wording is POV and clearly unacceptable, as it contradicts English dictionaries and widespread public opinion, without having any justification to do so. Taylan (talk) 19:09, 11 June 2018 (UTC)

To be absolutely clear, on the first point you raise, this is (and presents itself as) an article about a gender identity. It stated that Trans women are women in the sense that applies in this context, which is not that of sex (anatomical or chromosomal) but of gender identity. There is simply no usage in English that identifies "woman" as a sex rather than a gender identity; as you point out there has been a traditional usage in English that distinguishes between female sex and feminine gender, but this usage is (1) in decline and (2) not used in the present article AFAIK, nor should it me IMO. Dictionaries, to which you appeal, recognize "woman" both as a sex and as a gender category, as does the WP article to which you have also appealed. Your claim that "woman" means sex rather than gender is OR, is not supported by literature, and frankly runs contrary to the use of the term in jurisprudence, media, and for example in MOS:GENDERID. Your claim that the use of "woman" for a gender is a postmodernist one is also OR and is factually incorrect.

If the point of your second paragraph is that the belief in anatomically-reductionist understandings of gender identity is widespread, and that this should be recognized and discussed in the article, I agree, just as I have pointed out that anatomically based or sex-assignment-based bathroom laws should be acknowledged and discussed. But public opinion simply does not take the place of what reliable sources have to say on the subject, in this case, the large body of law, policy and scholarship that establishes that Trans women are women.

Your dismissal of a reliable, published source as being the work of a "transgender philosopher" is bizarre and irrelevant. If you believe that there is scholarship of similar merit supporting the exclusion of Trans women from the category "women" you are invited to present it here, but so far you have not done so. SOURCESEXIST is not an argument.

Finally, "woman" as a designation of a gender is present in dictionaries and other authorities; your allegation that the current Lede "contradicts the dictionary" is unsupported by evidence and, frankly, bizarre. Newimpartial (talk) 21:23, 11 June 2018 (UTC)

You didn't need to detail how my personal views don't conform to Wikipedia rules, as I added them for your clarification and not as a suggestion for the article... You suggest that the point of my second paragraph is something about "the belief in anatomically-reductionist understandings of gender identity." No, we do not know what prompted the questioned population to say that a woman is defined by birth sex. It could have been a simple linguistic reason like mine (i.e. "woman" is simply *defined* as "adult female human") or it could have been a conservative/sexist belief (e.g. all female-born people have a feminine personal essence which defines them as women). We do not know that, as the poll didn't ask for such details. All we know is that "transwomen are women" goes against majority public view. As such, it cannot be claimed as a fact on Wikipedia unless there is e.g. a scientifically or otherwise objectively/authoritatively sourced justification. You say that dictionaries etc. include the gender identity-based definition of "woman", but such definitions are secondary or tertiary even when offered in certain dictionaries. Besides, given this is a very recent change to language which in part contradicts up-to-recent use, it would be better for Wikipedia to avoid relying on it in the first sentence of an article, even if most or all dictionaries were updated to include it. (They aren't.) My summary above stands. I see no justification being provided in this whole discussion as to why "AMAB person who identifies as a woman" should not be used, or as to how "trans women are women..." is an acceptable phrasing to start the article with. The former wording is impartial; the latter a POV or at best based on a neologism of sorts. (I.e. the word "woman" isn't new but the gender identity-based definition of it is.) Taylan (talk) 18:15, 13 June 2018 (UTC)

I have responded to your personal views because the edits that you have been proposing appear "neutral" to you because of your personal views. Were it not for your personal convictions, it would not make sense to you to edit a WP article about a gender identity by appealing to definitions based in anatomical sex, just as it does not make sense to anyone that doesn't share your personal, FRINGE convictions. Something like one third of US citizens believe in "young earth" creationism, but WP's articles on evolution aren't written to be neutral between the two perspectives, nor should they be.

Anyway, the key point you haven't seemed to grasp is that WP processes are based on consensus, and you haven't come close to offering policy support or evidence for your proposals beyond poll results, dictionary entries, and other WP articles, none of which is more than tangentially relevant IMO. Shifting consensus so that your edits would be accepted would require a more serious effort. Newimpartial (talk) 18:35, 13 June 2018 (UTC)

That my personal views affect my perception of what is neutral wording is your personal opinion. :-) I rather see your and others' bias preventing you from realizing how strongly POV the current wording is: it doesn't even seem to bother you that it goes against the view of more than half the US population, and is not scientifically or otherwise authoritatively sourced either, which would have justified it like it does on topics such as evolution. As such, your comparison to creationism for instance is false.

I don't care if a group of biased WP editors come to a biased consensus among themselves; if they go against Wikipedia policy, which you people do, I will keep insisting on fixing the article to make it conformant; in this case to WP:NPOV. The current wording 1) goes against public view, 2) has no justification through scientific or other authoritative RS citations. The fact that you still think it's acceptable wording only tells me how strongly biased you are. Taylan (talk) 18:37, 14 June 2018 (UTC)

Have fun with that. Just realize that you have to actually convince others of a different consensus: editing against consensus is not going to produce the desired result. :) Newimpartial (talk) 18:58, 14 June 2018 (UTC)

Well at least you admit that you're using consensus to insert POV-wording, I guess? Anyway, I've explained in detail how the current wording is POV; if explanations of why my reasoning is wrong aren't provided within a sensible time-frame, I'll take it as silent agreement. Taylan (talk) 19:04, 14 June 2018 (UTC)

To be honest, such an action would likely result in an ANI or AE filing as disruptive, pov-pushing, IDHT, and tendentious. EvergreenFir (talk) 19:29, 14 June 2018 (UTC)

Feel free to tell me what's the "correct" action to take when a group of biased editors exert mob-rule over an article to retain content that violates Wikipedia policy. I'd much rather avoid the annoying bureaucracy, but if you're so insistant on keeping POV wording, there might be no way around it I suppose. Taylan (talk) 19:50, 14 June 2018 (UTC)

Taylan, I am certainly not "admitting" anything of the kind. Such a reading of my replies does not AGF, particularly as I have gone to some lengths to explain how the current language is neutral, sourced, and policy-based. Your position, if nothing else, is very ICANTHEARYOU and I suspect we are getting to SEALION territory. If in future you mistake the silence of exhausted interlocutors for consensus, you will simply be reverted. As I say, good luck. Newimpartial (talk) 20:35, 14 June 2018 (UTC)

You've used your subjective ideas to argue these things; I've refuted them with reference to facts, such as: 1) the citations don't support the wording (the only one you've explicitly claimed to support the wording is a book by a trans philosopher outlying their perspective), 2) the wording contradicts primary definitions of the words woman/female in most English dictionaries, and 3) the wording contradicts majority public view. I've looked around a little and it looks like the ANI/NPOV noticeboard might be the right place to bring administrator attention to this article... I will wait a little longer before trying to take such a pitiful route to dispute resolution. On the meanwhile, please feel free to try 1) offering authoritative reliable sources that support the wording, 2) explaining how it's justified to contradict the primary definition of "woman" at the absence of #1, 3) explaining how it's justified to contradict majority public opinion at the absence of #1, and 4) why you object so strongly to the impartial wording "AMAB person who identifies as a woman" (abbreviated). Taylan (talk) 21:05, 14 June 2018 (UTC)

I have literally addressed all of those issues before; see ICANTHEARYOU. The one thing I will underline is my answer to 2., namely that since this is an article on a gender identity the relevant definition of woman is as a gender. If you don't understand or agree with this basic point, perhaps you should back off editing gender-related articles rather than foisting on them your unsourced/FRINGE POV. Newimpartial (talk) 21:24, 14 June 2018 (UTC)

The current wording ("is a woman who was assigned male at birth") seems to be both in line with what reliable sources have to say about the topic, and a succinct introduction suitable to its location in the article — namely, we're talking about the lead here, which is just a short summary (in-depth explanation belongs in the article body). -sche (talk) 23:16, 9 June 2018 (UTC)

It would be better in line with the citations if it simply said they are AMAB people who identify as women, as that is pretty much exactly what the citations say. Taylan (talk) 12:49, 10 June 2018 (UTC)

As long as it's sourced I don't care, but make sure that it's sourced. Wikipedia is not a source for Wikipedia, and some articles can contradict due to lack of citations on both of the articles. If there is no reputable citation, than leave it alone. If you do find a citation put the same wording as in the lead in the Overview section with a citation, if it is properly cited no one can complain but arguing over semantics won't get us anywhere and will only lead to bias and original research. ShimonChai (talk) 02:33, 10 June 2018 (UTC)

I've gone through the first few citations on the page --all freely accessible ones corresponding to the "Overview" and "Terminology" sections-- and couldn't find any citation that supports the statement "trans women are women" in the first place. Dictionaries tend to define it as "male-to-female transsexual." The current wording is clearly POV-pushing, consistent with the behavior editors have been showing on other articles ever since I started touching these articles on Wikipedia. A wording such as "a trans woman is a person who was assigned male at birth but identifies as a woman" is neutral and corresponds better with the citations. If there are any particular problems with that wording, I'd like to hear them. Taylan (talk) 12:39, 10 June 2018 (UTC)

Are you listening to the actual discussion here? Posters have already suggested that this proposed "neutral" wording insinuates that Trans women are not women. That is a "particular problem". Newimpartial (talk) 12:44, 10 June 2018 (UTC)

How does it imply that? It's a very straightforward, factual, and neutral definition, which doesn't say that they are or aren't women. And by the way, your hostile tone is very unwelcome. Taylan (talk) 12:50, 10 June 2018 (UTC)

@TaylanUB: The very fact you want to change "woman" to "person" suggests that a transwoman is not a woman. You said earlier you couldn't find a citation that supported "trans women are women". Here's one for you: Gender Recognition Act 2004. I'm sure there is equivalent legislation in other jurisdictions. --John B123 (talk) 14:42, 10 June 2018 (UTC)

You linked to a UK law, which applies only to a subset of transwoman UK citizens, and states that they are legally considered women. This is not global, not generalize-able to outside of law, and excludes all transwomen without a GRC. Taylan (talk) 20:10, 10 June 2018 (UTC)

Oh and, "person" includes women, since women are people too. Taylan (talk) 20:13, 10 June 2018 (UTC)

• Just dropping in to note, for the record, that yesterday saw some edit warring, accompanied by edit summaries indicative of a lack of knowledge of Wikipedia policies, guidelines, and community expectations. I'm sure that will settle down now. The current revision of the article contains the stable version of the lead paragraph, which should not be changed without clear consensus. (Strongly held opinions of what constitutes appropriate wording are not an acceptable substitute for consensus.) Rivertorch^FIRE_WATER 14:01, 10 June 2018 (UTC)

@TaylanUB: - I suggest you read, understand and digest Rivertorch's post above and desist from changing the content of the lead section again. --John B123 (talk) 20:50, 10 June 2018 (UTC)

@John B123:, I refuse to accept such a blatantly POV wording being reinstated just because there are enough editors that hold the POV. It's not supported by any of the citations given on the page, and takes a very clear stance on a difficult political subject. Feel free to bring in moderators or something; I'm not very good with Wikipedia bureaucracy. The "hold" editors are keeping over this page is the exact same thing I've experienced in other Wikipedia articles, in which some amount of neutrality was ultimately reached. I'm intent on achieving the same on this article, because this is Wikipedia and not RationalWiki. Taylan (talk) 20:56, 10 June 2018 (UTC)

@TaylanUB: Sorry, but one person's view, however passionate they may be, don't take precedence over everybody else's view. --John B123 (talk) 21:10, 10 June 2018 (UTC)

@John B123: And I'm sorry but the POV of a group of editors does not take precedence over cited sources. :-) Various citations throughout pages such as woman and man are clear in that the primary definitions are "woman: adult female human" and "man: adult male human" (where female/male are defined biologically). The definitions based on the notion of gender identity are in conflict with those primary definitions, arise from an ideological position that has recently emerged in western society, and yet are being assumed as fact in the lead of this article. Given that "AMAB person who identifies as a woman" is a neutral definition, I think it's rather revealing how strongly some editors feel over the need to start the article with the statement "trans women are women..." Let me remind that this is quite literally a political slogan. What is so bad about saying "AMAB people who identify as women" anyway? Taylan (talk) 21:44, 10 June 2018 (UTC)

"I refuse to accept such a blatantly POV wording being reinstated just because there are enough editors that hold the POV"... post structural ontological and epistemological debates aside, this comment illustrates the problem well. EvergreenFir (talk) 06:48, 15 June 2018 (UTC)

• Stop the horse abuse. The tag team efforts here and on trans man are getting tiring. EvergreenFir (talk) 18:49, 11 June 2018 (UTC)

What do you mean with "tag team efforts"? (Genuine question.) The discussion on the trans man page is a separate one as far as I'm concerned, especially since I dislike bureaucracy... I'm aiming for a speedier fix in this article by putting up facts in people's faces (no hostility meant) rather than endlessly argue with them. Sorry about the duplicity. Taylan (talk) 19:18, 11 June 2018 (UTC)

Saying "no legitimate issues ... were raised" when many others have pointed out issues is straying into "I didn't hear that" territory, and while linking to acronyms is so overdone on this site, that page does have some good advice: "Believing that you have a valid point does not confer upon you the right to act as though your point must be accepted by the community when you have been told that it is not accepted." (I want to be clear that although the title of that page is "disruptive editing", I'm not accusing you of editing in bad faith: I think the advice useful even for editors who sincerely believe their POV "is NPOV" to consider.
A comparison might be: does the first sentence of the article on [[Donald Trump]] say he "lost the popular vote but won the electoral college and identifies as the 45th President of the United States", or indeed that he "identifies as having won the popular vote"? Or does the article on [[Barack Obama]] say he "is a politician who identifies as an American"? No, and indeed there are guidelines against that kind of wording that casts doubt on the veracity of things reliable sources report: the lead sentences of those articles just say that Trump "is the 45th and current President" (and only several paragraphs later says, again without "identify"-y language, that "he became [...] the fifth to have won the election while losing the popular vote"), and that Obama "is an American politician". This article, too, should not try to cast doubt on what the most reliable sources say.
-sche (talk) 23:30, 12 June 2018 (UTC)

Yet it's true that no legitimate issues were raised. Someone claimed that "AMAB person who identifies as a woman" implies that they're not women. That's not true, as "person" may be a woman. Your analogies about presidency or citizenship make no sense in this context as they are related to legal recognition of a person as president or citizen under a specific state and its jurisdiction. There is no global official "womanhood" you can sign up to. A subset of transwomen living in certain countries are legally categorized as female under those jurisdictions. (And even if we were to focus on only those transwomen and only those jurisdictions, it still wouldn't justify a straightforward statement saying they "are" women, when there are other authoritative definitions of "woman" than the legal category, such as the common dictionary definition based on biology.) You say, at the end, that "the most reliable sources" consider transwomen to be women, but that is not the case. The only RS that was said to say this (I can't check as it isn't freely available) is a book by a transwoman philosopher outlining their philosophical position. Imagine if Janice Raymond's position in The Transsexual Empire was used to make factual statements on Wikipedia... Taylan (talk) 17:38, 13 June 2018 (UTC)

I'm not comfortable with using "AMAB" in the lead section. The lead is supposed to give an overview of the subject of the article. It needs to be in a language that the 'average person' understands. The use of acronyms such as AMAB in this section won't help someone with no pre-knowledge of the subject to easily understand what the article is about. --John B123 (talk) 18:26, 13 June 2018 (UTC)

Sorry, I was abbreviating out of laziness, my concrete proposal would be: "A trans woman (sometimes trans-woman or transwoman) is a person who was assigned male at birth but identifies as a woman." Taylan (talk) 18:25, 14 June 2018 (UTC)

Note, since they do not seem to have provided a mention/link to this yet, that Taylan has opened Wikipedia:Neutral point of view/Noticeboard#Definition_of_"trans_woman" on this topic. -sche (talk) 04:18, 16 June 2018 (UTC)

Lead section: summary

Regarding the statement in the first sentence of the article which says that transwomen are women:

• It's not supported by citations. The only citation which was said to support the statement (can't check as not freely available) is a book by a transgender academic who doesn't seem very notable; this seems fringe.
• It's contradicted by the common definition of "woman" that can be found in most English dictionaries. Alternative definitions that recently began appearing in some dictionaries would constitute a neologism, which should not be depended on.
• It contradicts public view, as for instance a 2017 Pew Research poll has shown that more than half of the US population thinks that whether a person is a woman is defined by their birth sex.

The sentence should be reworded to an impartial phrasing such as: "A trans woman (...) is a person who was assigned male at birth but identifies as a woman."

Is there any reasoned opposition to this proposal? Taylan (talk) 15:10, 15 June 2018 (UTC)

The third of your statements implies the importance of quantity over quality (specifically it implies that the quantity of people who recognize trans women as women is important.) Georgia guy (talk) 15:17, 15 June 2018 (UTC)

Insofar there are no authoritative reliable sources that definitively prefer one view (point nr. 1 I made), the "quality" of both views is equal. As such, the quantity would be the determining factor. But see my question to ShimonChai below on this... Taylan (talk) 16:49, 15 June 2018 (UTC)

As "there are no authoritative reliable sources that definitively prefer one view", your original contention that the existing wording fails NPOV is therefore not verifiable. --John B123 (talk) 17:09, 15 June 2018 (UTC)

I am not posting a statement in agreement or disagreement here, just linking to the study so people know what Taylan is talking about. This is the 2017 pew poll. (Though I don't know if a US survey poll counts as a citation in this context?) Also, on a side note the common definition won't have a bearing on the outcome of anything. There is a specific section of WP:NOTADICTIONARY which addresses that.ShimonChai (talk) 16:02, 15 June 2018 (UTC)

Views have already been expressed on this, I don't see the point in starting the discussion again. Polls, surveys are notoriously unreliable and the methodology often biased. For every poll or survey that supports an idea there is another that opposes the same idea. Just look at the deviation in polls leading up to an election for example. As this discussion seems to be going around in circles, maybe it's time to take a consensus. --John B123 (talk) 16:46, 15 June 2018 (UTC)

Help me understand this, ShimonChai: if the definition used contradicts common understanding, and the respective definitions are considered a politically contentious topic (which should be easy to demonstrate using RS, if desired...), doesn't that mean that wording preferring either side would violate NPOV? Taylan (talk) 16:49, 15 June 2018 (UTC)

"contradict common understanding" There is no problem with Wikipedia contradicting common understanding. Wikipedia even has an article about common misconceptions. "and the respective definitions are considered a politically contentious topic (which should be easy to demonstrate using RS, if desired...), doesn't that mean that wording preferring either side would violate NPOV?" Yes it would, that's why I have been looking through Wikipedias rules to see which side is technically right for the past 2 days. The real question here is does Wikipedia's rule about gender identity apply to a demographic of people with a shared gender identity. Woman is specifically used as an example for a gendered noun. So if the rule did, what is the plural of woman? (It's women) ShimonChai (talk) 22:35, 15 June 2018 (UTC)

• Keep wording as is --John B123 (talk) 16:46, 15 June 2018 (UTC)

• Keep current language and stop equine abuse. To address Taylan's points:

1. The place for citations is in the body of the article - where they are - not in the Lede.

2. The article is explicitly about a gender identity, and uses "woman" in its standard definition in the context of gender. This is not rocket (or bio) science.

3. Public opinion on gender and sex is relevant to the content to the article (as are anatomically-reductionist bathroom laws), but does not compete with reliable sources. All current reliable sources agree that Trans women have a female gender identity; as a gender, they are Women.

The editor proposing the change should produce at least one reliable source supporting their view, or drop the stick. Q.v. WP:SEALION. Newimpartial (talk) 17:01, 15 June 2018 (UTC)

Can you quote any reliable sources regarding where they state that transwomen are women? Regarding "[as] Trans women have a female gender identity; as a gender, they are Women", this is pretty much OR. Gender and gender identity are complicated topics on their own right.

Anyhow, forget about it, I'll hit the ANI as this doesn't seem to lead us anywhere. Taylan (talk) 17:08, 15 June 2018 (UTC)

I think the onus here is that the proposer of changes needs to justify why the changes should be made, not everybody else justifying why it should stay as it is. Good luck with the ANI. --John B123 (talk) 17:14, 15 June 2018 (UTC)

"It contradicts public view, as for instance a 2017 Pew Research poll has shown that more than half of the US population"

And why would the opinion of a single country's population have any significance? They are neither representative of the world, not reliable sources. Academic works outweigh public opinion in reliability. Read again Wikipedia:Identifying reliable sources: "Many Wikipedia articles rely on scholarly material. When available, academic and peer-reviewed publications, scholarly monographs, and textbooks are usually the most reliable sources. However, some scholarly material may be outdated, in competition with alternative theories, or controversial within the relevant field. Try to cite current scholarly consensus when available, recognizing that this is often absent." Dimadick (talk) 23:57, 15 June 2018 (UTC)

Note, since they do not seem to have provided a mention/link to this yet, that Taylan has opened Wikipedia:Neutral point of view/Noticeboard#Definition_of_"trans_woman" on this topic. -sche (talk) 04:18, 16 June 2018 (UTC)

Why have you started a second section for this? Like other editors, I've already given my perspective in the preceding section. Your first point is mistaken, your second point is spurious for reasons others have already explained, and your third point is irrelevant for reasons which I see have already been explained by another user in this section. -sche (talk) 04:22, 16 June 2018 (UTC)

I've added a source to the trans man page that might be useful to add to the trans woman page. Can someone add this as I am not able to? Thank you, Userwoman (talk) 02:08, 9 July 2018 (UTC)

Additional source on the subject

Jordan Peterson, a renowned clinical psychologist, has said that trans women are not women. Reference: Peterson, Jordan. "Daily Politics". BBC. Retrieved 9 July 2018.

Edit: A trans woman (sometimes trans-woman or transwoman) is a woman who was assigned male at birth. However, some academics do not define trans women as women. The label of transgender woman is not always interchangeable with that of transsexual woman, although the two labels are often used in this manner. Transgender is an umbrella term that includes different types of gender variant people (including transsexual people). Userwoman (talk) 23:30, 10 July 2018 (UTC)

Reliable source on that statement?? Georgia guy (talk) 23:53, 10 July 2018 (UTC)

Presumably a reference to this, which is not meaningfully by Peterson, it is just a panel show with him as one of several pundits discussing multiple issues. Calling him "renowned" is laying it on pretty thick. Some academics (actually renowned ones) believe extraterrestrials have visited earth as glowing green raccoons. Does this belong in the very first paragraph of extraterrestrial life? Of course not, and this waffle is even less relevant. A passing comment in a pop-sci gabfest by a controversy-baiting pundit doesn't belong in this article at all, much less the lede. "Be precise in your speech" indeed. Grayfell (talk) 23:59, 10 July 2018 (UTC)

I think that the term renowned can be easily applied to anyone who writes a #1 best selling book. In the interview, he is asked point blank about his professional opinion and then he proceeds to give reasons for his answer. His statements aren't as off the cuff as you are trying to make them seem. Obviously Kary Mullis is speaking anecdotally and therefore cannot contribute anything meaningful. However, as a clinical psychologist who has worked with trans people and taught trans students, Jordan Peterson has the necessary professional expertise to weigh in on this subject, but more importantly he also has reasons for taking this position. You need to come up with something of substance in order to discount a tenured professor who has worked at McGill, Harvard and the University of Toronto. Substance, not style. "What could better confirm this than a long lament by a stuffy academic who dwells mostly on Peterson’s style without really engaging his substantive arguments?" Userwoman (talk) 23:07, 13 July 2018 (UTC)

Renowned is a textbook WP:PEACOCK that doesn't belong at all. His popularity is not a reflection on his credibility here, as a self-help guru is not automatically an expert on every vaguely adjacent issue If he's made any substantive statements on this issue, you should be able to find a better source, specifically a third-party one. If that source justifies this being a defining trait, instead of one angry reactionary's opinion, we can go from there.

As far as Mullis, the existence of his opinions are as uncontroversial as Peterson's. Both are stating their professional opinions, neither belongs on Wikipedia without proper context and weight. Mullis's ideas were published in a book he wrote, which had an editor and publisher. This is far, far more substantial than Peterson's off-the-cuff comments.

I included the original link so anyone lucky enough not to know who Peterson is would know why he's controversial. As for the "substance" link, did you read that article? Do you agree with it? If we agree that Peterson's political ideas are "an ignorant mess", we can agree that his political ideas do not belong here without much, much better sources and context. If you claim this isn't a political idea, but a "psychological" one, yet again, find an academic psychological source with editorial oversight and fact-checking. Grayfell (talk) 01:29, 14 July 2018 (UTC)

Writing a bestselling book has absolutely nothing to do with anyone's professional credentials, except as a writer. We don't cherry-pick quotes from people unless they're demonstrably representative of either the mainstream view within a given field or a notably significant minority view within that field. It may also be worth noting that clinical psychologists are generally not researchers but rather practitioners, so it is unlikely that such a person's writings would be in the vanguard of either majority or significant minority opinion unless the topic is a clinical one. Rivertorch^FIRE_WATER 15:55, 16 July 2018 (UTC)

Does Germaine Greer or Chimamanda Ngozi Adichie count? Also, I'm not supplying this as more evidence, but just as a good analysis of your tactics. "Extreme liberals (“woke” “progressives” as they like to call themselves), in the name of tolerance, take on a militant and authoritarian stance that rebuffs any deviation from their own group think and ignores all attempts at debate regarding transgenderism." And just in case you think that this is somehow a minority opinion here is another article by a feminist group and one by a woman who hosts the BBC's Woman's hour. Not that you'll believe it, but here is a random internet poll to say that people are divided on this issue. This issue is not as settled as you are trying to make it seem. Userwoman (talk) 20:57, 16 July 2018 (UTC)

First, make arguments about content instead of about editors, see WP:PA. This space is for improving the article, not speculations about other users personal politics. Second, it is worth pointing out that Adichie clarified later "Perhaps I should have said trans women are trans women and cis women are cis women and all are women", and that she didn't because of not having the word cis in her vocabulary. Rab V (talk) 22:31, 16 July 2018 (UTC)

But of course, none of the others changed their minds. Userwoman (talk) 02:34, 17 July 2018 (UTC)

Did you make an effort to verify whether Germaine Greer's or Chimanda Ngozi Adichie's comments are reliable sources? Neither Greer nor Adichie has a degree in a relevant field. In an article that explicitly mentions Adichie's comments[5], Julia Serano, a biologist, has debunked the arguments made by people who claim that trans women who are not women and has said unequivocally, "Trans women are women." -- Marie Paradox (talk) 22:38, 16 July 2018 (UTC)

In the first source that I cited, Jordan Peterson makes an argument in the opposite direction. If you are going to make the suggestion that a biologist is best suited to weight in on this issue, then you must recognize that we are talking about a biological concept, instead of a socially constructed one (which I doubt that you will). Julia Serano has expertise in molecular biology and HOX genes, not in any psychological phenomenon. And to paraphrase from above, Writing a book has absolutely nothing to do with anyone's professional credentials, except as a writer. To say that she has "debunked" certain arguments is a bit of an overstatement. Were these opinions published in a peer reviewed journal or on a blog? Userwoman (talk) 02:34, 17 July 2018 (UTC)

Would you benefit from taking a step back and looking at the forest instead of the trees? We're not here to argue with you about whether you are right; we're here to work together to make the article "Trans woman" better according to Wikipedia's guidelines. I brought up the article by Julia Serano (which was one of the top results when I google "are trans women women" (without the quotes)) to demonstrate how easy it was to find indications that Adichie's comments were not a reliable source.

You wrote this:

which I doubt that you will

One of the ways I respect you is that I do not tell you what you are or are not thinking or what you will or will not do. I would appreciate it if you showed me the same respect. -- Marie Paradox (talk) 04:27, 17 July 2018 (UTC)

None of those matter, do you have a citation that is from an actual organization with authority? Germaine Greer is a political figure, so is Chimamanda Ngozi Adichie. So what they say has no authority on this topic. "debate.org" isn't a valid citation (If 51% of people said the world was flat, that doesn't somehow make the world flat, and debate.org isn't published or monitored by any experts, it is merely a site for opinions) and what feminist groups, or any other political group says doesn't actually matter at all when it comes to talking about authoritative facts. Regarding the Times of Israel source, that is a blog post from the site. Sources that would actually matter in this context, would be things like the World Health Organization. Or any psychiatric consensus. Wikipedia isn't supposed to portray opinions of political organizations, or individuals as fact. If you are saying that the issue isn't "settled" then why are you to push one side? That seems contradictory. ShimonChai (talk) 22:41, 16 July 2018 (UTC)

So I'm assuming that you would discount Julia Serano (an individual) as having any authority on this issue. But wait? Later in your response you say that what groups say doesn't matter. So tell me, do you care about what groups say or not? The issue is not settled because there is still an ongoing debate, even if one side fails to acknowledge it. If you need sources I can certainly provide ones that do not assert that trans women are women, CDC: People who were assigned the female sex at birth but identify as men, APA: People who were assigned female but identify and live as male, Cornell: Individuals assigned female at birth who identify as male Userwoman (talk) 02:34, 17 July 2018 (UTC)

I am assuming that you employ a self-screening process before suggesting sources here. After all, you should not put the burden of determining whether a source is reliable on other editors without checking sources yourself. So may I ask how the quote from the CDC passed through your filter? It is the CDC's definition of "transgender men" (emphasis mine).[6]

Anyway, assuming that a source does not say that trans women are women, it is not for us to infer that trans women are not women. That sort of analysis is original research. -- Marie Paradox (talk) 04:27, 17 July 2018 (UTC)

Yes, I would discount what Julia Serano has to say, she is a political figure with no authority in the related scientific field. I said that feminist groups don't matter when it comes to objective and scientific parts of articles, since Feminism is a political ideology, it isn't a field within science. Groups that do matter, are ones that have established scientific authority, and are publishing in peer reviewed journals. (For example, the The International Consortium on EDS and Related Disorders, rewrote the diagnostic criteria for Ehlers Danlos Syndrome in 2017, and it was widely accepted since it was peer reviewed, and done by experts in the field.) When you said "if you need sources I can certainly provide ones that do not assert that trans women are women" you went on to list very valid sources like the CDC, however, they don't inherently say if transwomen are or aren't women. They, and all of the experts, use terms such as "assigned male at birth", and "identify as", however, identify as doesn't really mean they are, or aren't anything. You can identify as a human being, and I could say "that person identifies as a human being", that doesn't make them not a human being, nor does it mean that I am saying they aren't a human being. ShimonChai (talk) 05:41, 17 July 2018 (UTC)

ShimonChai and Marie Paradox, I think that these are all reasonable things to say. I would be very happy to limit the discussion to credible sources that follow Wikipedia's guidelines. From ShimonChai's response, this seems to be only groups with established scientific authority. I have provided 3 sources that do not define trans men as men, they do so in another way. In addition, here is what the WHO has to say "Transgender people are often defined as people whose gender identity and/or gender expression differs from their biological sex assigned at birth." I do believe that some original research must have occurred in order for this article to state that trans women are women, as this is wording is not found in any source. If this wording is present can someone please let me know where? Otherwise, I think that the wording of the definition should be reconsidered. Userwoman (talk) 12:35, 17 July 2018 (UTC)

Please stop making arguments of the sort that people have already[7] shown you are not productive. According to the IOSF[8] "otters are members of the Mustelid family which includes badgers, polecats, martens, weasels, stoats and mink". The page does not say that otters are mammals. Does that mean Wikipedians are wrong to refer to otters as mammals? No, that would be fallacious. Refraining from saying that something is so is not the same as saying that it is not so. And again, why would you use quotes about trans men as evidence for what you say about trans women? -- Marie Paradox (talk) 14:14, 17 July 2018 (UTC)

If these sources do not comment on whether trans women are women, then how did this language end up in the lead? Again, do you have an authoritative source that explicitly states that trans women are women? Userwoman (talk) 16:59, 17 July 2018 (UTC)

Do you have an authoritative source that explicitly states that cis women are women? I've found sources (e.g., [9], [10]) that say "people", so clearly they're not claiming them to be actual women. Even the APA says so ([11]). Hopefully my sarcasm is evident enough in my attempt to show the inconsistency with Userwoman's reasoning that the use of "people" in the definitions of transgender women indicates that they're not actually women or that there is no consensus that they are. EvergreenFir (talk) 18:24, 17 July 2018 (UTC)

EvergreenFir, unfortunately sarcasm does not productively contribute to the discussion, so I won't respond to it. It is becoming painfully obvious that you do not have any sources to back up the current phrasing of the lead. If you did, you would simply present them and I would have nothing else to say. I've already presented several sources that have an alternative definition, one that was actually used in the past and has more precedent than the current definition. Userwoman (talk) 22:29, 17 July 2018 (UTC)

Oh, but it works to debunk the basis of your claims. But here you go: [12], p. 26 here too. EvergreenFir (talk) 03:16, 18 July 2018 (UTC)

There has been a debate going on about this for awhile, and my position has been, that it will be either "assigned male at birth but identify as women." or "is a women who was assigned male at birth." to my understanding this hinges on if MOS:GENDERID applies to groups. As MOS:GENDERID states "Any person whose gender might be questioned should be referred to by the pronouns, possessive adjectives, and gendered nouns (for example "man/woman", "waiter/waitress", "chairman/chairwoman") that reflect that person's latest expressed gender self-identification." The reason that this would apply is that Transwomen identify as women inherently. MOS:GENDERID seems to be in favor of Wikipedia not saying that an individual identifies as, but rather saying that an individual is. Hopefully soon there will be some sort of clarification on if MOS:GENDERID applies to transpeople as a group. ShimonChai (talk) 20:52, 17 July 2018 (UTC)

ShimonChai The phrasing, "people who were assigned male at birth but identify as women" aligns pretty closely with the definitions of professional/academic organizations. I agree that the current definition may not be derived from the best interpretation of MOS:GENDERID. Some things that apply to individuals should not be applied to groups. Citizens United_v._FEC comes to mind. Userwoman (talk) 22:29, 17 July 2018 (UTC)

(←) Userwoman, you wrote this:

If these sources do not comment on whether trans women are women, then how did this language end up in the lead?

(The emphasis is mine.)
You seem to be suggesting that the decision to put "this language" into the lead is somehow akin to your fallacious arguments. How is that so? And how would you know if you do not know how "this language" ended up in the lead? More generally, could you answer the questions your fellow editors ask you? It would go a long way towards establishing common goals.
As for how we ended up with the current lead, elephino. But at the moment I can think of at least two ways the current lead is supported by the body of the article:

1. The article is replete with references that use the phrase "trans woman", and the section Terminology provides a source for the statement that "trans" is a modifier that explains the kind of woman.
2. The aforementioned section has a sourced quote from a philosopher saying, "Trans women are women." I ask non-rhetorically, Could it be any clearer than that? -- Marie Paradox (talk) 23:32, 17 July 2018 (UTC)

Marie Paradox, you and ShimonChai do not seem to be on the same page. Both of you have said conflicting things and so I want to make sure that we can have a consensus here. I am fine with either, but then we must proceed with what follows from those rules. Marie Paradox, you seem to want to include the professional opinions of individuals and for this end, I have provided at least 4 professionals who do not define trans women as women. If this is the route that you want to take, then both opinions need to be included in the article. However, ShimonChai seems to only find professional/academic organizations to be credible, which is also fine. But in this case, because no professional/academic organizations state that trans women are women, it cannot be included in this Wikipedia article. Why can't it be included? Because if it is not a position held by any of professional/academic organizations, then it must have been the result of original research. Am I being clear? Userwoman (talk) 01:31, 18 July 2018 (UTC)

There shouldn't be any change until consensus on the open discussion is ended, and a conclusion has been reached over there, that discussion has been going on since 15 June 2018. ShimonChai (talk) 02:25, 18 July 2018 (UTC)

I hope you will let me begin by conceding that there were a couple of things in this discussion that I could have done better. First, the otter analogy was not very good for the reason you have pointed out: "It logically follows that if otters are in the family mustelidae and all mustelidae are mammals, then otters are mammals."[13] And you are right in that "using logic does not count as original research"[14]. I am sorry if I gave the impression that I believed otherwise. I would appreciate it if you pointed out such errors to me sooner in the future so that we do not have to keep retreading the same ground.

One of the points I was trying to make (very poorly, unfortunately) still stands. Let me put it another way: The statement in the lead and the quote from WHO are mutually compatible. Thus there is no basis for editing the lead on the basis of what WHO says.

Regarding individuals, are you including Greer and Adichie? There is a lot I can say about each of them here, but for the sake of time I will just reiterate that my primary objection is that neither is an authority in a relevant field. There is no double standard here. Every time I contemplate adding sourced content to this article I do three things: I check to see if it comes from an authoritative source, I check the source at Google Scholar to determine whether anyone else cites it, and I check to see if at least one person who cites it contains no argument against the article I am relying upon. Generally if at any of these three stages I do not come away with the desired results, I not only avoid inserting my content into the article but also avoid proposing it here. After all, your time and the time of other editors is valuable. You should not have to do my homework for me. -- Marie Paradox (talk) 05:04, 18 July 2018 (UTC)

Terminology

I will be the first to say that I do not have access to the cited sources, but something seems not quite right here:

Trans woman is commonly interchanged with other words such as transgender and transsexual.[7] According to the Oxford English Dictionary, transgender is a term which refers to "a person whose identity does not conform unambiguously to conventional notions of male or female gender, but combines or moves between these; transgendered."[5] This means someone who is transgender was born a certain sex but presents themselves as another. However, Heidi M Levitt describes transgender as "different ways in which people transgress the gender boundaries that are constituted within a society."

One cannot substitute the term "transgender" or "transsexual" for "trans woman" without creating a grammatically problematic sentence (e.g., "a transgender is a woman") or a sentence that confuses a part for the whole (e.g., "a transsexual is a woman"). (I will save my thoughts on whether it is wrong to use "transgender" as a noun for another day. For now I will just note that the wording is confusing when "transgender" is used as an adjective in the article and in most other instances.) And in its normal use "transgender" is an adjective and as such does not refer to anything.

Ordinarily I would change this myself, but because I cannot access the sources, for now I will only request that other editors change the sentences to the following:

"Trans woman" is commonly interchanged with other terms such as "transgender woman" and "transsexual woman". According to the Oxford English Dictionary, a person is transgender if their "identity does not conform unambiguously to conventional notions of male or female gender, but combines or moves between these" or if they are "transgendered". This means someone who is transgender was born a certain sex but presents themselves as another. However, Heidi M Levitt defines "transgender" as "different ways in which people transgress the gender boundaries that are constituted within a society."

This might require finding new sources.

-- Marie Paradox (talk) 01:16, 17 July 2018 (UTC)

Good point. I suspect some of the confusion may have resulted from an early copy-paste/move of info from the general article [[Transgender]]. I've edited the first two referred-to sentences along the lines of your suggestions, in diff. (Another way of stating it would be "In trans woman, the term trans is commony interchanged with transgender...") -sche (talk) 00:17, 18 July 2018 (UTC)

I went ahead and checked the citation on the oxford dictionary part, and noticed that it was just a link to the site of oxford dictionary which is a very improper way to use citations. So I googled the oxford dictionary definition to try and fix the citation and noticed that it was something completely different, so it must have been changed at some point but this is the current oxford definition "Denoting or relating to a person whose sense of personal identity and gender does not correspond with their birth sex." so I changed that part to reflect what the citation actually says. ShimonChai (talk) 22:14, 20 July 2018 (UTC)

UK English?

Are there any objections to changing the article to conform to UK English, including UK spelling? Currently the article uses both UK spellings (e.g., "recognised") and US spellings (e.g., "summarized").
If anyone is curious as to why I am suggesting we use UK English, according to the manual of style we should retain a style once a consensus is reached. In one of the more questionable uses of my time I found a revision made shortly before the current inconsistency, and it seems to have used UK English consistently outside the quote from Pat Califia, and I am surmising that break with consistency was a good faith edit made while failing to distinguish the quote from the body. -- Marie Paradox (talk | contribs) 18:05, 18 July 2018 (UTC)

The article should be internally consistent in using whichever style it originally used, yes. It's not clear to me that that was a British style; the earliest diffs don't seem to use any distinctive spellings, and spot-checking diffs from subsequent years, I don't spot any until 2013, when I see "summarized" in the prose's discussion of people in the US and "recognised" in the 'List of notable trans women' blurb of a British woman. Randomly selecting a more recent revision, from 2015, I see the situation is almost unchanged, with "summarized" in discussing a US survey and "recognised" in blurbing that Brit, but with the addition of "color" (again in discussing American women); since then, another instance of "color" has entered the prose, while I don't spot any instances of "colour". This suggests that perhaps it is American style that should be retained. -sche (talk) 15:01, 23 July 2018 (UTC)

Thank you for looking into this matter! I have replaced the word "recognised" with the US spelling. -- Marie Paradox (talk | contribs) 15:17, 23 July 2018 (UTC)

POV Tag

I am about to remove the POV tag for a variety of reasons. The first one I will mention is that it seems the POV lead tag would be more appropriate. As can be seen in many previous comments[15][16][17][18], the criticism has focused on the lead.

If anyone is going to reinsert a tag -- and I strongly recommend that if you do, you use the POV lead tag -- please keep in mind the following:

• The tag allows one to link to a specific section of the talk page, making it easier for all editors to see it is being used appropriately.
  • "The editor who adds this tag needs to discuss concerns on the talk page, pointing to specific issues that are actionable within the content policies." Ideally the section to be linked to will be one in which it is clear to editors which steps can be taken so that the tag can be removed. (Note that "in the absence of such a discussion, or if it remains unclear what the NPOV violation is, the tag may be removed by any editor.")
  • "The neutral point of view is determined by the prevalence of a perspective in high-quality, independent, reliable secondary sources, not by its prevalence among Wikipedia editors or the public." Ideally the section to be linked to will be one in which an editor does not rely solely on their views, the views of Wikipedia editors as reflected in a straw poll, or a public poll. (Note that I am using "or" in the inclusive sense here.) — Preceding unsigned comment added by Marie Paradox (talk • contribs) 14:31, 29 July 2018 (UTC)

Just to clarify, my main objections here are that the wrong tag was used, and there is no link to a thread with substantial discussion about the disagreement. If someone wants to add the POV lead tag and link to a discussion in which a source is used, even a source I would argue is not reliable (as long as it does not fall into one of the categories I listed above), for now at least I will take that as prima facie evidence that there is a dispute over POV. I would have replaced the tag myself, but because I do not see a POV violation in the lead, I could not do so in good conscience. -- Marie Paradox (talk | contribs) 15:32, 29 July 2018 (UTC)

Marie Paradox I realize that you wrote to address the talk page before undoing your removal of the POV tag, but unfortunately this is not how things work. We can certainly have the discussion here about whether or not to remove the tag. Please let me know if you have any questions. You should not make unilateral decisions like this without a proper discussion. Userwoman (talk) 16:06, 29 July 2018 (UTC)

I'm assuming this was nothing more than a slip on your part, but so as to avoid confusion, you were the one who undid the removal of the tag.[19]

Anyway, if you want a tag at the top of the page, why not replace the current one with a POV lead tag and link to a section of this page that has relevant sources cited? I am handing you an easy compromise here; why not take it? -- Marie Paradox (talk | contribs) 16:17, 29 July 2018 (UTC)

Cleanup templates exist primarily to notify editors of the need for cleanup and participation in an ongoing discussion - they are not intended to act as permanent disclaimers. The hope is that editors will see the template, and then either fix the problem, or click over to the talk page to offer some constructive feedback. If any editor attempts to do that here, however, they will find that there is no consensus for a change and a discussion that is going nowhere. It's not constructive and should probably be scrapped until there is some indication that the problem can be solved through editing or discussion. Nblund ^talk 16:30, 29 July 2018 (UTC)\

Do you know of any reason to keep the current tag rather than one that specifies the problem with the lead (which is what all the discussion here and on NPOV/N has been about)? -- Marie Paradox (talk | contribs) 16:35, 29 July 2018 (UTC)

Nblund, I apologize. I think I may have misunderstood your comment. Are you saying that it currently is not constructive to have any POV tag at the top of the page? -- Marie Paradox (talk | contribs) 16:39, 29 July 2018 (UTC)

Correct. I don't think it's worth a major fight if there's a sensible compromise, but the cleanup tags should be reserved for cases where an editor has some hope of actually cleaning up. Nblund ^talk 19:44, 29 July 2018 (UTC)

• comment - The POV tag was added by Taylan because she though "a transwoman is a woman ..." in the lead was POV. The consensus on here and on WP:NPOVN does not support the view so I can see no objection to the tag being removed. --John B123 (talk) 16:51, 29 July 2018 (UTC)
  • The POV tag was added by Taylan because she he though[t]... Mathglot (talk) 18:04, 30 July 2018 (UTC)

• Comment - there's currently ongoing (and rather lengthy) discussion at WP:NPOVN regarding this article where it appears numerous uninvolved editors have voiced neutrality and clarity concerns [20]. In light of this, I don't think it's appropriate to remove NPOV tag at this point. I notice the argument is being made that this should be POV lead tag instead of general POV tag, but the edit history shows repeated outright removal of tag, not replacement of general tag with POV lead tag instead, I'm not sure the concerns are limited to the lead, although that certainly is a focus. Seems at least some version of POV tag seems appropriate for article at this point. DynaGirl (talk) 17:23, 30 July 2018 (UTC)

What's more important -- being "right" or having an appropriate tag at the top of the page? The only reason -- a reason which has been there for you to read from the start -- that I did not replace the tag myself is that I cannot in good conscience put a POV tag at the top of the page when I do not feel there is a POV issue. And now that I think more about it, it makes sense for someone who does feel there is a POV issue to link the tag to the discussion they feel best expresses the nature of the dispute. If you want a tag there, why not just add it and link it to an appropriate discussion on this talk page? As I have said before, if someone -- anyone -- does that, I will not remove the tag anytime soon. -- Marie Paradox (talk | contribs) 17:49, 30 July 2018 (UTC)

Marie, I don't think there's a POV issue, either, but placing the tag doesn't require you to align yourself with that belief. There is an ongoing discussion about it elsewhere and so it's legitimate to have the tag, indicating that some editors support that view. As requested, I linked the tag to the appropriate discussion at the NPOV noticeboard. Until that discussion plays out, the tag should remain, regardless of our personal views about it. (Note: because of technical limitations of the {{POV}} template itself, I had to add the rump pointer section you see below in order to link to it.) Mathglot (talk) 18:51, 30 July 2018 (UTC)

Mathglot, I still feel that a POV lead tag would be more appropriate than a generic POV tag. All the same, I appreciate your efforts to find a compromise in what has been a very polarized discussion. Thank you. -- Marie Paradox (talk | contribs) 18:56, 30 July 2018 (UTC)

Marie, yes, that would be a more targeted tag; feel free to make that change. Just please keep the 'talk' param or adjust as necessary, if that tag's talk param works differently. Mathglot (talk) 19:01, 30 July 2018 (UTC)

Done! -- Marie Paradox (talk | contribs) 19:31, 30 July 2018 (UTC)

NPOVN discussion pointer

This is just a convenience pointer to a discussion elsewhere. Please don't add anything else to this section.

Please see discussion at: WP:NPOVN#Definition of "trans woman".

In addition, this topic has been previously discussed above, in the following sections:

• Contradicts the articles "woman" and "female"
• Opening sentence
• Not a neutral article
• Lead section, one more time
• Additional source on the subject
• POV Tag

Mathglot (talk) 18:58, 30 July 2018 (UTC)

RfC on introduction

There has been extensive discussion at Wikipedia:Neutral point of view/Noticeboard as to whether the current introductory sentence of Trans woman is appropriate. From the discussion come these proposals for the introductory sentence:

1. A trans woman (sometimes trans-woman or transwoman) is a woman who was assigned male at birth.
2. A trans woman (sometimes trans-woman or transwoman) is a person who was assigned male at birth but identifies as a woman.
3. A trans woman (sometimes trans-woman or transwoman) is a woman whose biological sex does not align with their gender identity.
4. A trans woman (sometimes trans-woman or transwoman) is a male-to-female (MTF) transsexual or transgender person.
5. General support for describing a trans woman as a woman.
6. General support for describing a trans woman as a person.
7. General support for "assigned".
8. General support for "biological".

Although it may complicate things slightly for the closer, feel free to combine multiple options. —DIYeditor (talk) 21:07, 6 August 2018 (UTC)

[modified 22:23, 6 August 2018‎ to clarify that this is about first sentence only]

Straw poll

• Support 1, 5 and 7 - the existing text is adequate, uses the terminology of the topic of the article, clearly distinguishes the use of "woman" by contrast, and offers links for anyone confused by the terminology. That said I would not lose any sleep over option 2, just don't see a compelling reason for the change. —DIYeditor (talk) 21:07, 6 August 2018 (UTC)
• Support 2, 5, 6, and 7, oppose 4, strongly oppose 8 - while I'd personally prefer 1 and 5, 2 and 6 seem more neutral to me. --SarekOfVulcan (talk) 21:12, 6 August 2018 (UTC)
• Support 4 & 5 - Neutral and easily understood by a reader who has no knowledge of the subject. Also support 7 within the body of the article but not in the lead. --John B123 (talk) 21:30, 6 August 2018 (UTC)
  • To clarify, did you mean 6 (person) not 5 (woman), or that the wording of 4 should be changed to "woman"? —DIYeditor (talk) 21:38, 6 August 2018 (UTC)
    • I support 4 as the definition of a transwomen and 5 for general use, for example in the opening of 'Overview': "Both transsexual and transgender women..." . In 4 (the definition), the use of "woman" is unnecessary because gender has been identified by "male-to-female" (Hope that makes sense). --John B123 (talk) 22:08, 6 August 2018 (UTC)
      • Sorry, the questions were meant to refer to the introductory sentence but I can see that the wording is not entirely clear in that as far as "general support" - maybe I should strike the "general" or "general support for" before this goes much further? —DIYeditor (talk) 22:18, 6 August 2018 (UTC)
• Support 1 - I do not oppose 2, 5, 6, and 7. I primarily support 1 because transgender is an adjective, just as cisgender is. To call someone a trans woman or a cis woman is still calling them a woman. Linguistically, 1 is fine. I wish to make clear my strong objections to 3, 4, and 8. While !votes are lovely, we must go by WP:RS. The language in 3, 4, and 8 is not supported by many contemporary sources. The "assigned (fe)male at birth" language is widely used by professional and mainstream sources and not WP:JARGON or WP:NEO: American Psychological Association, American College of Obstetricians and Gynecologists, World Health Organization, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, American Academy of Pediatrics NBC News, Washington Post, Cosmopolitan, WBUR, Entertainment Tonight, NYTimes, and Newsweek. EvergreenFir (talk) 21:36, 6 August 2018 (UTC)
  • Are you sure about that? It's not hard to find definitions like these, which either use the "biological" language or a term that they intend to be a synonym. For example, just in the last year or so, these books have defined transwomen as being male in biological terms and women in gender terms:
    • Transgender: A term that refers to an individual whose gender identity does not match his or her biological sex. Transgender Female or Transwoman: A transgender female or transwoman identifies her gender as female, but was biologically considered a male at birth."
    • transwoman – noun: Identity label sometimes adopted by male-to-female transsexuals or transgender people to signify that they are women while still affirming their history as assigned male sex at birth." (noting that they define "biological sex" as being equal to "assigned sex" on page 259: biological sex – noun: a medical term used to refer to the chromosomal, hormonal and anatomical characteristics that are used to classify an individual as female or male or intersex. Often referred to as simple "sex", "physical sex", "anatomical sex", or specifically as "sex assigned at birth").
  • You might also be interested in this definition:
    • "transwoman: A term to describe a person who was identified male at birth but who identifies and portrays her gender as female"
  • It is a bit unusual in its phrasing, but it gets around the "assigned" language (which I've no objection to, but some others seem to) and addresses both gender identity and gender expression. WhatamIdoing (talk) 23:26, 6 August 2018 (UTC)

I would point out that the first of the above is a perfect example of what I would call a "low quality source" in this context. People can afford to be dated in their understanding when they write outside of their specialization. Q.v. Jordan Peterson. Newimpartial (talk) 23:37, 6 August 2018 (UTC)

• • • Fixed. 3 is still around, but not the norm in my experience. Folks like Anne Fausto-Sterling point out we don't usually karyotype infants, so "biological sex" is dubious. The "assigned" language is widely used. EvergreenFir (talk) 23:31, 6 August 2018 (UTC)
      • If sex is only a social construct, and it's not true that most individuals fit into one of the two sexes, how does sexual reproduction work? Most human individuals can play one of the two roles in reproduction, otherwise the human race would be long extinct. Sex assignment upon birth is done using the most obvious aspect of it: the genitalia, and for most humans, that is sufficient, as having well defined genitalia is highly correlated with other aspects of sex (chromosomal, hormonal, anatomical). Indeed, most transgender people aren't intersex. I don't understand the resistance to sex. It seems as though many people think that the objective existance of sex means transgender people are somehow "faking it" or that it's personal decision. This is rediculous of course, as transgender people aren't deciding to be transgender: they are truly and deeply feeling, at the core of their identity and being, that they identify themselves as the other gender. And that's enough for me to respect that, at aleast. Av = λv (talk) 04:37, 8 August 2018 (UTC)
      • Thanks for clarifying your comments. BTW, you haven't actually needed to do a karotype (a very specific test) for decades to find out whether someone has a Y chromosome, but it doesn't really matter: "biological sex" is not a synonym for "genetic sex" or "chromosomal sex". The stronger argument is that "biological sex" has been defined by the medical establishment according to six (objective, spectrum-based) characteristics, and that some people disagree with the definition (e.g., because it ignores hypothesized neurological conditions or because it exists primarily to label intersex people). The second reason that it doesn't matter is because, even if you dispute the definition, that dispute has little bearing here, because the alternatives to "biologically male" are intersex and female, not trans. The sex and gender distinction, and a "mismatch" (compared to "typical") between the biological sex and identified gender is the main point of the transwoman definitions. It is not unusual for transwomen to investigate the possibility of being intersexed, but almost all of them who test discover that they are, in fact, "biological males" according to the mainstream medical definition of "biological male". WhatamIdoing (talk) 01:27, 7 August 2018 (UTC)
• Support 2, 3, 4, 5, 6. Oppose 1 as it has a clack of clarity (especially for readers not already familiar with the subject or from non-western cultures). In this article 'person' would be clearer and lead to less confusion (again especially for readers not already familiar with the subject or from non-western cultures), but 'person' should not be preferred in articles on specific tansgender women (where no such confusion would be likely). I'd support both or neither of 'assigned' and 'biological' depending on where they are meant to be used and the context. — Insertcleverphrasehere ^{(or here)} 21:39, 6 August 2018 (UTC)
• Support 2 only It is the clearest definition of the term that includes both those that have transitioned to women and those that identify as a woman. I will point out #4 explicitly excludes that last group despite being included in most discussions about who a trans-woman is. my bad I see that includes "transexual" --Masem (t) 21:41, 6 August 2018 (UTC)
• Weak support for 2 and 6, strong support for 7 . I think 1 and 5 are perfectly acceptable, but 2 and 6 closely mirror the language in multiple reliable sources. The "biological male" language is scientifically dubious - so I'm a firm "no way" on 3 & 8. Nblund ^talk 21:53, 6 August 2018 (UTC)
• Support 2, 6, and 7, I believe 2+6 is the best way to go since it avoids passing judgment on the contested issue of the grand concept of a woman. 7 is accepted terminology. Further more, you get enhanced clarity. Av = λv (talk) 22:14, 6 August 2018 (UTC)
• Support 2. I came here from the RfC notice, and I have not been involved in the discussions leading up to here. It seems to me that version 2 states it correctly, and is clearer than the other versions. --Tryptofish (talk) 22:16, 6 August 2018 (UTC)
• Support 2, 6 & 7, based on definitions in reliable sources listed in the section below. 1 & 5 are not out-of-line with sources in principle, but don't make for the clearest possible introductory definition. 3, 4 & 8 run contrary to reliable sources.--Trystan (talk) 22:26, 6 August 2018 (UTC)
• Support 4 It is the only option that explicitly captures the nature of the transition in unambiguous terms. This is also the definition installed at simple:Transwoman, and it is much clearer IMO. Oppose 1 & 2 because its use of "assigned" is counter-intuitive WP:JARGON. Betty Logan (talk) 22:57, 6 August 2018 (UTC)
• Support #1, #5, and #7. Georgia guy (talk) 23:12, 6 August 2018 (UTC)
• Support 1, 7, & 8, would support 2 if "but" were changed to "and", or the sentence tweaked to read similar to "assigned male at birth with a female gender identity". Oppose 4 as it doesn't adequately explain the topic compared to the others. --Equivamp - talk 23:17, 6 August 2018 (UTC)
• Support 1, 5 & 7 because these are the terms used in the best and most up to date sources, and so we don't have to have the same "discussion" every year or two for the next decade. Newimpartial (talk) 23:23, 6 August 2018 (UTC)
• Support 1 oppose 4 per EvergreenFir's argument about WP:RS, as well as the fact that people with XXY, and XX chromosomes assigned male at birth have been, and are capable of being diagnosed with Gender Dysphoria, and thus technically able be transwomen. (As described by the sources talking about such cases.) It is also more likely for Klinefelter people to be diagnosed with Gender Dysphoria than the average population. With the paper linked concluding with "The role of biological factors in gender identity is affirmed." In regards to the Jargon argument, I don't see how assigned male at birth would come off as "intrinsically technical". WP:Jargon is typically only used in contexts where someone fluent in the English language wouldn't be able to comprehended the article due to it using technical concepts that require uncommon background knowledge. Understanding the concept of birth being assigned can easily be grasped by a native English speaker. If they can't understand the concept of something being assigned instead of being absolute there is a simple version of Wikipedia, and whatever language they natively speak. ShimonChai (talk) 01:10, 7 August 2018 (UTC)
• Support 1 per EvergreenFir and ShimonChai. Rab V (talk) 02:09, 7 August 2018 (UTC)
• Support 2 Few sources explicitly state that trans women are women. To say that they are people (or even males) who identify as women is much clearer. I don't particularly support the euphemistic term "assigned" but that does seem to be what most sources use. Userwoman (talk) 02:15, 7 August 2018 (UTC)
• Support 2 because it just seems to most clearly capture the meaning of transgender, with 4 as a second choice. I think 1 and 3 could somewhat more confusing to people not familiar with the terminology. Oppose 8 as I think putting "biological" in the first sentence adds unnecessary complication. Throughout the article, and in general, I think transwomen should be referred to has women, but I think having "person" in the first sentence just adds clarity, and "woman" is already in the term itself. Red Rock Canyon (talk) 06:28, 7 August 2018 (UTC)
• Support 2 (could also support 3 & 4) and Oppose 1. General support for 6. 5, 7 and 8 would be ok with clarification such as text, wikilinking and/or inline notes explaining the usage, but this isn't always done, so do not generally support these.DynaGirl (talk) 14:42, 7 August 2018 (UTC)
• Support 1, 5, and 7. The current wording is clear and aligns with reliable sources. Oppose 2 as unacceptably misleading because it implies that trans women's status as women is based purely on personal choice, which is not true. 2's wording is also less clear. Oppose 3 as potentially confusing and not necessarily accurate. Oppose 4 as blatantly unfactual. Oppose 6 as an attempt to deny the womanhood of a subset of women. Oppose 8 as unacceptably vague. Rivertorch^FIRE_WATER 03:44, 8 August 2018 (UTC)
  • Out of curiosity, why do you believe 2 implies being trans as a personal choice? Av = λv (talk) 04:01, 8 August 2018 (UTC)
• Support 1, which is in line with most of the reliable sources (including medical / "MEDRS"-compliant sources) I've seen and that other users have posted in discussions of this. #2 changes the wording to cast doubt on it (we have guidelines against that in the general case), seemingly to fit a certain non-neutral point of view, as can be seen from its proponents comments in the noticeboard thread (where some of them write off or simply refuse to hear the reliable sources' presentation as "ideological" and invoke (unreliable) polls and what they claim a silent majority of people feel about the topic). #3 would poorly define the scope of the article, since some aspects of "biological sex" seem to be correlated to gender identity in both cis and trans women (our articles on the topic give an overview of this). #4 is outdated, out of line with what modern (MED)RS say about the topic (I seem to recall some style guides even advising against it as offensive?). Hence, I broadly support 5 and 7, and oppose 8 (and 3 and 4). Good luck to whoever has to make sense out of everyone's preferences for and against all these options. I wouldn't discount the possibility that the result will be no clear consensus. (Should this be closed by a three-admin panel, as contentious discussions sometimes are?) -sche (talk) 18:02, 8 August 2018 (UTC)
• Support 1, 5, and 7, and strongly oppose 2, 3, 4, and 8. As per WP:LEAD, the information in the current lead is "covered in the remainder of the article". It is also consistent with reliable sources, including the MEDRS. As per WP:FRINGE, we should not be implying or using innuendo to deny the "well-established"[21] fact that trans women are women. As for the other proposals, all I will say for now is that we should avoid 2 because it contains a word to watch, and we should avoid 3 because it inconsistently genders trans women. -- Marie Paradox (talk | contribs) 20:53, 8 August 2018 (UTC)

Threaded discussion

This has been re-hashed multiple times and discussed to death so I am a little doubtful of the utility of threaded discussions, but this is a much better place for it than NPOV/N. In my opinion it would be nice if we could keep the survey fairly clean and have any protracted debates down here. Pinging editors involved in discussion: TaylanUB, Masem, Jamez42, EvergreenFir, Betty Logan, Natureium, HiLo48, Mathglot, Smeat75, -sche, Newimpartial, Bonadea, Rab V, Insertcleverphrasehere, JFG, John B123, Rivertorch, Marketless, Moriori, Power~enwiki, Marie Paradox, Userwoman, Georgia guy, Icewhiz, 155.254.48.193, Nblund, Cambalachero, Jbhunley, Only in death, Blueboar, Slatersteven, Red Rock Canyon, Trystan, ShimonChai, Rhododendrites, Ido66667, Roxy the dog, DynaGirl, InedibleHulk, Awilley, Jayron32, MarnetteD, Guy Macon, SarekOfVulcan, WhatamIdoing. —DIYeditor (talk) 21:07, 6 August 2018 (UTC)

• Oh no, not again How many times do we have to do this? If the desired objective is not achieved this time, will there be another Rfc at another forum? This is starting to feel like disruption to me. I have other fish to fry. You guys have a go at it; let me know how it all turns out. Mathglot (talk) 21:26, 6 August 2018 (UTC)
  • I was not able to discern any clear decision from the NPOV/N discussions and multiple people suggested an RfC to settle it. Hopefully this can put it to rest once and for all. —DIYeditor (talk) 21:30, 6 August 2018 (UTC)
    • Whatever the outcome, is there any mechanism on WP to prevent the "losing" side having another attempt? --John B123 (talk) 21:36, 6 August 2018 (UTC)
      • "Not discerning any clear decision" happens all the time in discussions; it's called, "no consensus". Mathglot (talk) 21:42, 6 August 2018 (UTC)
        • There wasn't a single question or topic to find consensus on or not. It went all different directions and didn't allow for a coherent combination of opinions. —DIYeditor (talk) 21:58, 6 August 2018 (UTC)

I agree that the previous RfC's were problematic enough that there's might be a case for a new one here. Regardless of the outcome (including No-consensus), I'd say it would be clear-cut disruption if the someone started another RfC after this one without a compelling reason to believe that the status quo had shifted significantly. Nblund ^talk 22:08, 6 August 2018 (UTC)

This is confusing. Talk page archives show no previous RfC on talk:Trans woman. DynaGirl (talk) 14:48, 7 August 2018 (UTC)

That would be because the previous RfC on this issue was for the article Trans man. Hard to keep track without a programme... Newimpartial (talk) 16:39, 7 August 2018 (UTC)

• Just a reminder that Wikipedia does not vote on things. Support your positions with policies, guidelines, sources, etc. EvergreenFir (talk) 21:38, 6 August 2018 (UTC)
• Our selection between the above options needs to be governed by reliable sources. To facilitate that evaluation, here are some definitions pulled from the sources EvergreenFir provided above:
  • APA: Transgender is an umbrella term for persons whose gender identity, gender expression or behavior does not conform to that typically associated with the sex to which they were assigned at birth.
  • CDC: Transgender is a term for people whose gender identity or expression is different from their sex assigned at birth.
  • AAP: Transgender girl - Children assigned male at birth who identify themselves as girls
  • This Lancet article: Transgender woman - a person assigned male at birth who identifies as a woman or in similar terms.—Trystan (talk) 22:20, 6 August 2018 (UTC)
    • WP:RS is concerned with matters of fact and expert opinion, not language. Whilst we do use the terms from RS mostly, the lead section, and in particular the definition, needs to be written for readers with little or no knowledge of the subject. Using more technical terms can be counterproductive to that aim. Whilst technical terms can be linked for explanation, that's a poor second to explaining it in layman's terms. --John B123 (talk) 22:27, 6 August 2018 (UTC)
      • Definitions 3 & 4 above aren't simply rewordings of the definitions that dominate the reliable sources, they are substantively different. Most of the above sources are written for the public, so provide good guidance on our language choice.--Trystan (talk) 22:36, 6 August 2018 (UTC)

• Are you saying definitions 3 & 4 are factually incorrect? --John B123 (talk) 23:07, 6 August 2018 (UTC)

yes, especially 4. EvergreenFir (talk) 23:13, 6 August 2018 (UTC)

I would stress that 3 is deprecated and misleading according to recent, reliable sources. Newimpartial (talk) 23:20, 6 August 2018 (UTC)

Newimpartial, The American Academy of Pediatrics article was published in 2016. You cannot discredit this source. The same goes for you EvergreenFir and the 2016 article from the Lancet. You cannot dismiss credible sources, even if you may not personally agree with them. I hope that from here on out everyone provides sources and definitions until we reach a consensus. Userwoman (talk) 02:03, 7 August 2018 (UTC)

Userwoman The American Academy of Pediatrics source does not use the term 'biological sex', I believe that is the part of 3 Newimpartial is calling outdated. Rab V (talk) 02:14, 7 August 2018 (UTC)

Rab V, I'm not quite sure how you can read Newimpartial's mind, but since you can, does Newimpartial think that the American Academy of Pediatrics is not an authority on this issue? Userwoman (talk) 02:22, 7 August 2018 (UTC)

Since biological sex is the substantive part of definition 3 and Newimpartial opposed it, it makes sense to assume that Newimpartial meant that the term biological sex is outdated. My point is the AAP does not use that term in it's definition. My point is primarily one about the source brought up above. In general we are not here to argue about what individual editors believe but about what the sources in combination with wikipedia policy support.Rab V (talk) 02:31, 7 August 2018 (UTC)

Thank you for explaining. Userwoman (talk) 02:34, 7 August 2018 (UTC)

Although they do use the term sex, and biological sex is just redundant phrasing. Is there such a thing as nonbiological sex? Userwoman (talk) 02:36, 7 August 2018 (UTC)

Sources that do not use the term "biological sex" cannot be used as authorities for the currency or relevance of that term. Newimpartial (talk) 11:32, 7 August 2018 (UTC)

What is offensive about the term biological? Userwoman (talk) 18:01, 7 August 2018 (UTC)

What is the criteria for biological sex specifically, and is there one that all transwomen would fall under, and would not conflict with the criteria for "biological women"? ShimonChai (talk) 18:48, 7 August 2018 (UTC)

"Biological woman" is probably being used as a synonym for "female human" in this context. A female organism is one that produces ova under normal conditions. Betty Logan (talk) 02:26, 8 August 2018 (UTC)

Just for clarity's sake, are you suggesting that childhood and living past the age of menopause are not normal conditions? And are cisgender women of reproductive age who for whatever reason are infertile abnormal? Because it seems to me that using the word normal in such a broad context unavoidably involves making a value judgment. Rivertorch^FIRE_WATER 03:28, 8 August 2018 (UTC)

"Normal" can mean something of a type or possesses a specific characteristic so is perfectly applicable here. Not even fertile females produce ova all the time, but if a female never produces ova at any stage of its fertility cycle then I think it is reasonable to describe that as "abnormal". I have no interest in getting into an argument over semantics, however. The point to take away here is that ova is produced by the female and sperm by the male and so we have precise definitions for male and female, and we have precise definitions for "human" as well. "Biological woman" is clearly being equated with "female human" in this discussion; whether it is a good idea to do so (when the unambiguous "female human" could just as easily be used) is another matter. Betty Logan (talk) 03:57, 8 August 2018 (UTC)

ShimonChai, we are running up against some strange inversions in logic here. First of all, I'm not to say what the criteria of biological sex is, that is not my area of expertise. If you are unfamiliar with the issue, please read up on genetic and anatomic definitions of biological sex. In order for a person to be a trans women, they must have born male. If one cannot say for certain that a trans women was born a male, then how can we be sure that that person is trans instead of cis? In order for someone to change their body from male to female, there must be a way to determine which sex they were and are now with some certainty and accuracy. There's a lot of discussion here that makes sex determination unnecessarily murky. Cases in which sex determination is not clear fall under the category of intersex, not transgender. Also to Betty Logan use the word canonical, rather than 'normal' in these discussions. Userwoman (talk) 03:36, 8 August 2018 (UTC)

I can, and have linked peer reviewed citations that say that intersex people who are assigned male at birth can be transwomen, the same citation differentiates between them, and males as different cohorts. Thus non-biological males, that were just assigned male at birth can be transwomen. My point is that by what criteria is a biological women a biological women? That is just an important question to ask if we are going to use terms like biological. If it is chromosomal, then the term biological would exclude intersex transwomen who might have XX or XXY chromosomes, (and thus would be no longer considered transwomen by our definition, despite medical sources saying otherwise) if it is about reproduction, there are plenty of ciswomen who can't reproduce for various reasons, and we still consider them "biological women". Also, I see what you are saying, and it's exactly why sources have used the term assigned. Transwomen are assigned male at birth, and are transitioning to obtain secondary female sex characteristics. ShimonChai (talk) 12:39, 8 August 2018 (UTC)

In addition to the reasons above to exclude the ability to reproduce in definitions, according to this article], there have been 2 two known cases of transgender pregnancy. --John B123 (talk) 17:43, 8 August 2018 (UTC)

Comment this is more more of the usual nonsense ill-informed commentary from Userwoman, who insists on applying 1990s definitions of trans sexual people to a discussion of trans gender phenomena in 2018. This is exactly why I keep insisting that the working in the article must be based on sources that are reliable in this domain of expertise and current, preferably by editors who deign to actually read these sources. Newimpartial (talk) 17:09, 8 August 2018 (UTC)

I support any of these definitions or similar language:

• CDC People who were assigned the male sex at birth but identify as women
• APA People who were assigned male but identify and live as female
• Cornell Individuals assigned male at birth who identify as female

Userwoman (talk) 02:05, 7 August 2018 (UTC)

• QUESTION: Is there a source that would give us a hint as to what trans women and trans men prefer? Individual opinions that present an argument for a particular definition are good but a survey or a statement by an organization would be better. I do NOT want the opinions of anyone who does not consider themselves to be a trans woman or trans man. I know where to find those already. --Guy Macon (talk) 01:49, 7 August 2018 (UTC)

Why wouldn't you want the opinions of professionals or academics? And aren't we to assume that all trans men or trans women have individual preferences? That they are not just a homogenous group with only one opinion? Userwoman (talk) 02:05, 7 August 2018 (UTC)

I don't want the opinions of professionals or academics because I already know how to find those. Also, I am interested in what the preferences of those who will be affected are. As for individual preferences, I was careful to specify "individual opinions that present an argument for a particular definition" without the argument individual opinions are of little use, becaue I don't know if they are representative. -Guy Macon (talk) 17:01, 7 August 2018 (UTC)

See https://www.glaad.org/reference/transgender. GLAAD's media reference guide is a quality source for journalists and helped the discussion behind our own WP:TRANS?. --Fæ (talk) 11:48, 7 August 2018 (UTC)

Thanks! May I assume that GLAAD's media reference guide is generally accepted by the transgender community as opposed to a large number of transgender persons criticizing it? I would assume that this is so, but it would be good too get confirmation. --Guy Macon (talk) 17:01, 7 August 2018 (UTC)

Note: I've posted a short and neutral notification about this RFC at the talk page of Wikiproject LGBT Studies since several editors there are likely knowledgeable on this topic. Rab V (talk) 02:56, 7 August 2018 (UTC)