Sant State
Sant State | |
|---|---|
| 1255–1948 | |
 Flag of the Sant State
 Coat of arms
| |
 Territory of the Sant State in the period 1811-1937 | |
| Capital | Santrampur |
| Government | Monarchy |
| History | |
• Established | 1255 |
| 1948 | |
| Area | |
| 1901 | 1,020 km2 (390 sq mi) |
| Population | |
• 1901 | 59,351 |
• 1921 | 70,964 |
Santrampur State (Sant State, also spelt Sunth[1] and Soanth[2]) is a former state located in the present-day state of Gujarat, India. It covered an area of approximately 1,365 km2 and was bounded on the north by the dominions of Dungarpur and Banswara in Rajputana. On the east was the sub division of Jhalod in the Panch Mahals. On the south it touched the small state of Sanjeli while on the west it was bounded by the State of Lunavada.
History
According to bardic history, the state was founded in c. 1255 by an individual named Sant who had been forced to leave Jhalod upon the military defeat of his father, Jalamsingh.[3][1] Sant's brother, Limdev, founded the nearby state of Kadana.[1]
In 1753, The Maharawal of Banswara State, killed the three sons of Rana Ratansinhjii and tried to capture the throne of Sant State; the fourth son who was an infant named Badansinghji was hidden by Kolis of Malwa and grew up in a Koli family. The Maharawal annexed the Sant State in Banswara State and established his army in Sant. After several years, when Badansinghji reached maturity, the Kolis of Malwa attacked the army of Banswara. The Khant Kolis of Malwa defeated the army of Maharawal and threw it out of Sant state. After that, Kolis of Malwa established Rana Badansinghji Pawar at the throne of Sant State.[4][1]
In 1803, Sant State entered into a defensive treaty with the British Government, but the latter subsequently reneged on the treaty under Lord Cornwallis' policy of not entering alliances with Indian states.[1][2] Thereafter, on 10 August 1819, Sant State was party to an agreement between Scindia and Lunawada mediated by the British, which effectively made the state a British vassal.[1][2] The state was placed under the administration of the Rewa Kantha Rewa Kantha Agency in 1825.[1]
In 1913, the state was rocked by an adivasi (Bhil) uprising led by Govindgiri.[5]
The last ruler of Sant State signed the accession to the Indian Union on 10 June 1948,[citation needed] by which the state ceased to exist and merged into Gujarat, and was assigned a Privy purse of 112,000 Rupees.
Rulers
| Princely state |
|---|
| Individual residencies |
| Agencies |
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| Lists |
The rulers of Sant belonged to the Powar or Parmar Rajput dynasty.[6] The founder of the family was an individual named Sant, who established himself at Sunth in about the 13th century. The rulers of the state were styled Rana (equivalent to Raja from c. 1870 onward).[citation needed]
- Sant
- Navaghanji Sant
- Napuji Navghanji
- Parithisinhji I Napuji
- Suraji Parithisinhji
- Jaisinhji Suraji
- Kumbha Rano Jaisinhji
- Ramsinhji Kumbha
- Raimalji Ramsinhji
- Mandlikji Raimalji
- Surajmalji Mandlikji
- Ratansinhji I Surajmalji
- Prithisinhji II Ratansinhji
- Gajsinhji I Prithisinhji
- 1688–1705 Mahusinhji
- 1705–1735 Prithisinhji II Mahusinhji
- 1735–1753 Ratansinhji II Prithisinhji (d. 1753)
- 1753–1774 Badansinhji Ratansinhji (d. 1774)
- 1774–1803 Shivsinhji Badansinhji
- 1803–1819 Keshrisinhji Shivsinhji (d. 1819)
- 1819 Gajsinhji II Keshrisinhji (d. 1819)
- 1819–1835 Kalyansinhji Shivsinhji (d. 1835)
- 1835–1872 Bhawansinhji Kalyansinhji (b. 1832 – d. 1872)
- 17 April 1873 – 10 January 1896 Pratapsinhji Bhawansinhji (b. 1860 – d. 1896)
- 31 August 1896 – death 22 Dec 1946 Zorawarsinhji Pratapsinh (born 1881 – d. 1946)
- 22 December 1946 – 15 August 1947 Pravinsinhji Zorawarsinhji (b. 1907 – d. 1948)
The line is nominally continued.
See also
References
- ^ a b c d e f g Gazetteer of the Bombay Presidency: Rewa Kántha, Nárukot, Cambay, and Surat states. Government Central Press. 1880.
- ^ a b c Aitchison, C.U.; Talbot, A.C (1876). A collection of treaties, engagements, and sunnuds relating to India and neighboring countries. Vol. IV. Calcutta: Foreign Office Press.
- ^ List of ruling princes and chiefs in political relations with the Government of Bombay and their leading officials, nobles and personages. Calcutta: Central Publication Branch. 1931.
- ^ Solomon, R. V.; Bond, J. W. (2006). Indian States: A Biographical, Historical, and Administrative Survey. Asian Educational Services. ISBN 9788120619654.
- ^ Parmar, Ladhabhai Harji (1922). The Rewakantha Directory. Rajkot: Parmar Press. pp. 53.
- ^ Who's who among Indian princes, rajas and chiefs: 1941-42. 1942.