Northern Maori
Northern Maori was one of the four original New Zealand parliamentary Māori electorates, from 1868 to 1996.
Population centres
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The electorate includes the following population centres: Auckland, Whangarei.
Tribal areas
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The electorate includes the following tribal areas:
History
The Northern Maori electorate boundary was in South Auckland. It extended from Auckland City north to Northland, and had only minor boundary changes from 1868 to 1996.
The first member of parliament for Northern Maori from 1868 was Frederick Nene Russell; he retired in 1870. The second member of parliament from 1871 to 1875 and in 1887 was Wi Katene.
In the 1879 election there was some doubt about the validity of the election result, and a law was passed to confirm the result in Northern Maori and two other electorates.[1]
The electorate was held by Labour from 1938. Paraire Karaka Paikea died in 1943, and was replaced by his son Tapihana Paraire Paikea.
In 1979, Matiu Rata resigned from the Labour Party as a protest against Labour policies. In 1980 he resigned from Parliament, but came second in the subsequent by-election. The by-election was won by the Labour candidate, Bruce Gregory.
Tau Henare won the electorate from Gregory for New Zealand First in 1993; a foretaste of the success of Henare and the other New Zealand First candidates (known as the Tight Five) in the Māori electorates in 1996. In 1996 with MMP, the Northern Maori electorate was replaced by Te Tai Tokerau, and won by Henare.
Tau Henare is a great-grandson of Taurekareka Henare who had held the electorate for the Reform Party from 1914 to 1938.
Members of Parliament
The Northern Maori electorate was represented by 15 Members of Parliament:[2]
Key
Independent Liberal Reform National Labour NZ First
Election results
Note that the affiliation of many early candidates is not known.
1980 by-election
| Party | Candidate | Votes | % | ±% | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Labour | Bruce Gregory | 3,580 | 52.41 | ||
| Mana Motuhake | Matiu Rata | 2,589 | 37.90 | ||
| Social Credit | Joe Toia | 560 | 8.20 | ||
| Cheer Up | Wallace Hetaraka | 80 | 1.17 | ||
| Christian Democratic | Tom Weal | 13 | 0.19 | ||
| Reform Party | P Te W Warner | 9 | 0.13 | ||
| Majority | 991 | 14.51 | |||
| Turnout | 6,831 | 41.38 | |||
| Labour hold | Swing | ||||
1963 by-election
| Party | Candidate | Votes | % | ±% | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Labour | Matiu Rata | 3,090 | 42.04 | ||
| National | James Henare | 2,643 | 35.96 | ||
| Independent Labour | Eru Moka Pou | 562 | 7.65 | ||
| Social Credit | William Clarke | 340 | 4.63 | −11.38 | |
| Independent | Te Kaiaraiha Hui | 268 | 3.65 | ||
| Independent | Whina Cooper | 257 | 3.50 | ||
| Independent Labour | Paikea Henare Toka | 143 | 1.95 | ||
| Independent | Hohaia Tokowha Mokaraka | 25 | 0.34 | ||
| Kauhanganui | Hemi Kuit Peita | 22 | 0.30 | ||
| Majority | 447 | 6.08 | |||
| Turnout | 7,350 | 58.10 | −17.49 | ||
| Registered electors | 12,651 | ||||
| Labour hold | Swing | ||||
1943 election
There were nine candidates in 1943, with the election won by Tapihana Paraire Paikea over Eru Moka Pou.[6]
1931 election
| Party | Candidate | Votes | % | ±% | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Reform | Taurekareka Henare | 3,297 | 58.56 | ||
| Ratana | Paraire Karaka Paikea | 2,109 | 37.46 | ||
| Independent | Hemi Whautere Witehira | 224 | 3.98 | ||
| Majority | 1,188 | 21.10 | |||
| Turnout | 5,630 | ||||
1899 election
| Party | Candidate | Votes | % | ±% | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Liberal | Hone Heke Ngapua | 1,453 | 64.15 | −17.24 | |
| Eparaima Te Mutu Kapa | 367 | 16.20 | −2.40 | ||
| Henry Flavell | 225 | 9.93 | |||
| Keritoke Te Ahu | 126 | 5.56 | |||
| Poata Uruamo | 94 | 4.15 | |||
| Majority | 1,086 | 47.95 | −14.84 | ||
| Turnout | 2,265 | ||||
1896 election
| Party | Candidate | Votes | % | ±% | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Liberal | Hone Heke Ngapua | 1,706 | 81.39 | ||
| Eparaima Te Mutu Kapa | 390 | 18.61 | |||
| Majority | 1,316 | 62.79 | |||
| Turnout | 2,096[nb 1] | ||||
Table footnotes:
1890 election
| Party | Candidate | Votes | % | ±% | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Independent | Sydney Taiwhanga | 661 | 48.82 | ||
| Tinoti Pupipupi | 394 | 29.10 | |||
| Conservative | Wi Katene | 192 | 14.18 | ||
| Wiremu Mikihana | 107 | 7.90 | |||
| Majority | 267 | 19.72 | |||
| Turnout | 1,354 | ||||
See also
Notes
- ^ "Elections Validation Act, 1879". New Zealand Law online.
- ^ Wilson 1985, p. 268.
- ^ Norton 1988, p. 398.
- ^ Norton 1988, p. 397.
- ^ "12 candidates for two by-election". The New Zealand Herald. 23 February 1963. p. 1.
- ^ "Electoral". Auckland Star. Vol. LXXIV, no. 290. 7 December 1943. p. 6. Retrieved 15 May 2017.
- ^ The General Election, 1931. Government Printer. 1932. p. 6. Retrieved 2 November 2014.
- ^ "The General Election, 1899". Wellington: Appendix to the Journals of the House of Representatives. 19 June 1900. p. 3. Retrieved 13 March 2014.
- ^ "Untitled". Poverty Bay Herald. Vol. XXIII, no. 7810. 24 December 1896. p. 2. Retrieved 17 January 2014.
- ^ McRobie 1989, p. 133.
- ^ "The Maori Representation". Otago Witness. No. 1920. 4 December 1890. p. 15. Retrieved 27 November 2013.
References
- McRobie, Alan (1989). Electoral Atlas of New Zealand. Wellington: GP Books. ISBN 0-477-01384-8.
{{cite book}}: Invalid|ref=harv(help) - Norton, Clifford (1988). New Zealand parliamentary election results, 1946–1987. Wellington: Victoria University of Wellington Department of Political Science. ISBN 0-475-11200-8.
{{cite book}}: Invalid|ref=harv(help) - Wilson, James Oakley (1985) [First published in 1913]. New Zealand Parliamentary Record, 1840–1984 (4th ed.). Wellington: V.R. Ward, Govt. Printer. OCLC 154283103.
{{cite book}}: Invalid|ref=harv(help)