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Xcel Energy Inc.
Company typePublic
IndustryUtilities
FoundedJune 17, 1909; 115 years ago (1909-06-17) in Stillwater, Minnesota, U.S. (as Washington County Light & Power Company)
FounderH.M. Byllesby
Headquarters
Minneapolis, Minnesota
,
U.S.
Area served
  • NSPM: Minnesota, North Dakota, and South Dakota
  • NSPW: Michigan and Wisconsin
  • PSCo: Colorado
  • SPS: New Mexico and Texas
Key people
Products
Production output
  • Electric: 114.98 TWh
  • Natural Gas: 406.74 TBtu
  • (2023)
RevenueDecrease US$14.21 billion (2023)
Increase US$2.481 billion (2023)
Increase US$1.771 billion (2023)
Total assetsIncrease US$64.08 billion (2023)
Total equityIncrease US$17.62 billion (2023)
Number of employees
11,311 (2023)
Subsidiaries
Websitemy.xcelenergy.com
Footnotes / references
[1][2]

Xcel Energy Inc. is a U.S. regulated electric utility and natural gas delivery company based in Minneapolis, Minnesota, serving more than 3.7 million electric customers and 2.1 million natural gas customers across parts of eight states (Colorado, Minnesota, Wisconsin, Michigan, North Dakota, South Dakota, Texas and New Mexico).[3] It consists of four operating subsidiaries: Northern States Power-Minnesota, Northern States Power-Wisconsin, Public Service Company of Colorado, and Southwestern Public Service Co.[4]

In December 2018, Xcel Energy announced it would deliver 100 percent clean, carbon-free electricity by 2050, with an 80 percent carbon reduction by 2035 (from 2005 levels). This makes Xcel the first major US utility to set such a goal.[5][6]

History

[edit]

Xcel Energy was built on three companies: Minneapolis-based Northern States Power Company (NSP), Denver-based Public Service Company of Colorado (PSCo), and Amarillo-based Southwestern Public Service (SPS). Southwestern Public Service Co. (SPS) dates its origins to 1904 and the Pecos Valley in New Mexico when Maynard Gunsell received an electricity franchise for the city of Roswell, New Mexico and its 2,000 residents. The financial strain of creating this new enterprise soon overwhelmed him and he sold the franchise to W.H. Gillenwater, who named his utility the Roswell Electric Light Co. He later sold the company to an investment firm in Cleveland, Ohio, which already owned the Roswell Gas Co.[7]

Northern States Power Company's timeline begins with the organization of the Washington County Light & Power Co. in 1909. When H. M. Byllesby began building his utility holding company across the Northwestern region of the US, he renamed it the Consumers Power Co. in 1910 and which was renamed the Northern States Power Co. in 1916.[8] While the bulk of NSP's territory grew across central and southern Minnesota (starting from the Twin Cities), it acquired territory in North Dakota (centering on Fargo, Grand Forks, and Minot) and extended southwest into South Dakota (centering on Sioux Falls). NSP's system also extended east into Wisconsin, but because of utility ownership laws in that state, it was operated as an entity separate from the rest of the company.

Public Service Company of Colorado (PSCo) was formed in 1923 to provide an electric generating station for the Denver area. By 1924, it had acquired most of the electric companies in northern and central Colorado. Originally a subsidiary of Cities Service Company, it became an independent autonomous operation in November 1943.[9] By this time, it served 80 percent of Colorado's gas and electricity needs. As demand for energy continued to grow, so did PSCo. Eventually, the company merged with SPS to form New Century Energies (NCE) in 1995.[10][11]

Northern States Power and Wisconsin Energy Corporation had planned to merge into a new outfit that was to be called Primergy[12] - but in 1997, the merger fell through because of the time it was taking to gain the required approvals from state and federal agencies.[13] After the failed Primergy merger, NSP (both the Minnesota and Wisconsin companies) merged with New Century Energies to form Xcel Energy.[14][15] In 2005, Xcel sold Cheyenne Light, Fuel and Power to Black Hills Corporation.[16] Cheyenne Light, Fuel and Power had been a subsidiary of PSCo since the 1920s, and had become an operating company of NCE after the merger with SPS.

In December 2018, Xcel Energy became the first major US utility to pledge to go carbon-free, aiming for 80% carbon reduction by 2030, and 100% reduction by 2050.[17][18]

Utility industry magazine Utility Dive awarded Xcel Energy its 2018 "Utility of the Year" award for its plans for add 12 wind farms, its project with Google to develop new ways for customers to personalize energy management, and its plan to retire 50 percent of its coal-powered capacity by 2026 (and replacing it with a combination of renewable energy, efficiency, and natural gas).[19]

On May 20, 2019, Xcel Energy announced its intent to close all of its remaining coal-fired plants in Minnesota by 2030 while compensating by increasing solar production capacity by 1,400%. It also declared its plans to continue operating its Monticello nuclear plant near Monticello, Minnesota until at least 2040.[20][21]

Generation portfolio

[edit]
10
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2015
2017
2020
2023
Annual Portion of Xcel Energy's Generation from Carbon-Free Sources over Time[22]: 10  [23][24][25][26]: 4 [27]: 7 [28]: 25 [29]: 26 [30]: 26 

Xcel's Energy Capacity by Source Type 2023

  Coal (19%)
  Natural Gas (30%)
  Nuclear (10%)
  Wind (32%)
  Solar (4%)
  Other (5%)

[22]: 10 

Xcel Energy primarily provides energy from wind, natural gas, and coal. It has increased its share of carbon-free energy generation over time. Primarily by adding wind capacity. It has also lowered its greenhouse gas emissions by reducing coal consumption in favor of natural gas. Xcel plans to continue this trend by converting some coal plants to natural gas and closing others.[22]: 10–12  Some environmental activists argue that Xcel is not acting on plans to stop using coal plants fast enough.[31]

Xcel Energy owns and operates three wind farms.[22]: 11  In October 2011, Xcel Energy set a world record for electricity from wind power, with an hourly penetration of 55.6% of production from wind.[32] At peak generation wind is the largest source of energy capacity for Xcel. [22]: 10–11 

Xcel Energy owns and operates two nuclear power plants:

and stores the spent fuel from these nuclear plants on site in independent spent fuel storage installations. (ISFSIs).[33]

Biomass electricity comes from organic fuel sources. Xcel Energy has contracts for about 110 megawatts of electricity from biomass generators. Two in northern Minnesota are fueled by forest harvest residue, such as treetops and limbs. A third facility, brought on line in 2007 in western Minnesota, generates power using turkey litter.[34]

The Bay Front Power Plant in Wisconsin

Xcel Energy's Bay Front plant in Ashland, Wisconsin, is a three-unit generating station that has become a model for the creative use of fuels: coal, waste wood, railroad ties, discarded tires, natural gas, and petroleum coke. Two of the three Bay Front operating units already use biomass as their primary fuel. Xcel Energy recently proposed a plan to install biomass gasification technology at Bay Front. The waste-to-energy facilities use waste that would otherwise end up in landfills. The Wisconsin waste-to-energy plant burns wood waste in combination with refuse-derived fuel (RDF).[citation needed]

Transmission and Distribution

[edit]

Transmission

[edit]

Electric power transmission refers to the high voltage power lines for long distance transport of electric energy. Xcel Energy owns and operates 110,000 miles of such lines.[22]: 12  Xcel has proposed significant plans for updating its transmission system with a budget of $7.4 billion from 2022-2027.[35]

The Colorado Power Pathway, approved by regulators in 2022, gives Xcel $1.7 billion to expand transmission infrastructure in eastern Colorado. One proposal in Colorado involved nearly $3 billion in new investment. Construction is subcontracted to Quanta Infrastructure Services Group. Current timelines have most of the project being completed by 2027.[36]

Another proposal in Colorado involved nearly $3 billion in new investment. This was more than nine times the state budget and in addition to the budget for the Colorado Power Pathway program.[37][38]

Expanding the transmission infrastructure is important for adding new renewable systems to the grid. However the cost can be significant.[38] Colorado regulators did not approve Xcel's plan to build additional transmission in Baca County which is a large potential wind energy generator. Instead, they sought proposals that involve constructing renewable energy sources connected to the existing grid.[39]

In Minnesota, the budget for a new 465 mile transmission line doubled to $1.14 billion and Xcel cited inflationary pressures.[40] Opponents of Colorado's Power Pathway Program highlighted that cost overruns in transmission construction will be pushed to consumers.[39] The Federal Energy Information Administration stated in 2023 that transmission lines typically cost $1.17 million to $8.62 million per mile.[38]

Under the Power for the Plains Initiative, Xcel Energy built hundreds of miles of transmission lines and substations totaling $ 3 billion in investment. The lines supply Kiowa NM, Lubbock TX, and connect other towns in the Texas panhandle.[41][42]

The transmission system is operated on a non-discriminatory basis under the open access requirements of the Federal Government. This means that all wholesale buyers and sellers of electricity can use the transmission system under the same terms and conditions used to serve Xcel Energy's own retail customers.[citation needed]

Grid security

[edit]

In 2017, Xcel Energy partnered with the Financial Services Information Sharing and Analysis Center to create a new "threat information sharing community" intended to share cyber and physical security intelligence with the energy sector. The new community is called the Energy Analytic Security Exchange (EASE). It is run by the FS-ISAC Sector Services team; FS-ISAC is an organization that gathers cyber and physical risk intelligence for the financial services industry. Additionally, the North American Electric Reliability Council (NERC) manages the Electricity Information Sharing and Analysis Center, which is another resource that the energy sector uses to gather threat intelligence.[43]

Advanced Grid in Colorado

[edit]

In 2016, Xcel Energy announced the Advanced Grid Intelligence and Security (AGIS) initiative, a long-term effort related to power reliability, distributed generation, and information sharing with customers. Through the initiative, Xcel would build an "intelligent grid" in Colorado in order to improve grid security. The company filed a request for permission with the Colorado Public Utilities Commission for the program, which would cost $500 million.[44]

Programs

[edit]

Since 1998, Xcel Energy's Windsource program has allowed customers to designate that part or all of their electricity comes from a renewable energy source. In 2015, about 96,000 people were enrolled in Windsource.[45] In 2011, more than 2.3 million electric and 261,800 natural gas customers took part in Xcel Energy's energy efficiency programs for homes and businesses.[46]

Xcel Energy also offers customers incentives to install solar panels. At the end of 2011, more than 10,600 photovoltaic systems had been installed, with a capacity of about 121 megawatts (DC). In early 2011, Xcel Energy suspended the solar rebate program before reaching a settlement a month later with representatives of solar power companies to restore the solar incentive program until it is fully reviewed by the Public Utilities Commission.[47]

Controversies

[edit]

On August 1, 2002, Xcel Energy Inc. was sued because of engaging in "round-trip" energy trades that provided no economic benefit for the company, and because the company lacked the necessary internal controls to adequately monitor the trading of its power.[48] Xcel paid $80,000,000 in a settlement.[49][50]

The Cabin Creek Fire occurred on October 2, 2007, at Xcel Energy's Hydropower Generation plant in Georgetown, Colorado.[51][52] On June 1, 2011, Federal prosecutors opened their charges that Xcel Energy was criminally liable for the deaths of the five RPI workers. The jury found Xcel Energy not guilty.[53][54] On December 19, 2011, RPI Coating plead guilty to workplace safety violations and paid $1.55 million in a cash settlement. The company took responsibility for the deaths of five workers and the injuries to three.[55]

The parent company to Xcel Energy, and later Xcel Energy itself have operated the Prairie Island Nuclear Power Plant since 1973. Over that time, nuclear waste produced by the power plant has been stored adjacent to the Prairie Island Indian Community. The homes of some members of the community are within 600 yards of the nuclear waste containment site. The island is very vulnerable to seasonal flooding because it is on the bank of the Mississippi River.[56] While in 1991, the Minnesota Public Utilities Commission capped the storage of nuclear waste on the island to 17 casks, the legislature has since permitted this number to increase. Environmentalists and members of the Prairie Island Indian Community have been working since 1994 to have this nuclear waste transported away from their reservation due to the combined risk of the temporary design of the storage facility, unpredictable flooding and single evacuation road in the event nuclear waste is released from containment.

Large plumes of smoke are visible over Superior around 2:00 PM MST on December 30. View from State Highway 128, looking north.

Xcel Energy faces more than 200 lawsuits filed by victims of the Marshall Fire, which started on December 30, 2021, Boulder County, and spread across Superior and Louisville counties in Colorado. Two people died and more than 1,000 homes and commercial properties were destroyed, resulting in more than $2 billion in property damage. It was the most destructive wildfire in Colorado history. The official investigation blamed the fire on a loose wire owned by Xcel and a week-old fire started by members of the Twelve Tribes that was smoldering.[57]

On March 16, 2023, Xcel Energy announced that a significant unplanned release of radioactive water from its Monticello nuclear power plant took place on November 21, 2022, which was reported only to state and federal authorities but was concealed from the public until then.[58][59] Xcel estimated the leak to be 400 thousand gallons of contaminated water containing radioactive tritium. The leak occurred in a water pipe that runs between two buildings.[60]

Following the Smokehouse Creek Fire in the Texas Panhandle, which began February 26, 2024, Xcel Energy acknowledged that its facilities played a role in the ignition of the fire. The fire became the largest wildfire in Texas History, burning more than 1 million acres and resulting in at least two deaths and extensive property damage and livestock losses. An investigation by the Texas A&M Forest Service found that power lines ignited the fire.[61]

See also

[edit]

References

[edit]
  1. ^ "Xcel Energy Inc 2023 Annual Report (Form 10-K)". U.S. Securities and Exchange Commission. February 24, 2024.
  2. ^ "NRG Energy Inc FY2003 Form 10-K". March 16, 2004.
  3. ^ "Corporate Profile | Xcel Energy". Xcel Energy Corporate Governance. Retrieved January 30, 2023.
  4. ^ "Xcel Energy, Form 10-Q, Quarterly Report, Filing Date Apr 27, 2018". SECDatabase.com. Retrieved May 5, 2018.
  5. ^ Roberts, David (December 5, 2018). "For the first time, a major US utility has committed to 100% clean energy". Vox. Retrieved December 7, 2018.
  6. ^ "Xcel Energy Continues to Deliver Progress in Achieving Carbon Reduction Goals". Businesswire. Retrieved June 12, 2024.
  7. ^ "Southwestern Public Service Company History". Funding Universe. Archived from the original on January 16, 2014. Retrieved October 17, 2012.
  8. ^ "NORTHERN STATES POWER COMPANY (MINNESOTA)". Minnesota Historical Society. Retrieved February 12, 2013.
  9. ^ Public Service Company of Colorado history
  10. ^ "New Century Energies, Form S-4, Filing Date Dec 13, 1995" (PDF). SECDatabase.com. Retrieved May 5, 2018.
  11. ^ "Colorado Power Company to Merge With Texas Utility". Los Angeles Times. Associated Press. August 24, 1995. ISSN 0458-3035. Retrieved February 27, 2015.
  12. ^ "Northern States Power Company, Form 8-K, Current Report, Filing Date May 3, 1995" (PDF). SECDatabase.com. Retrieved May 5, 2018.
  13. ^ "Northern States Power Company, Form 8-K, Current Report, Filing Date May 19, 1997". SECDatabase.com. Retrieved May 5, 2018.
  14. ^ "Xcel Energy, Form 8-K, Current Report, Filing Date Jun 29, 1999". SECDatabase.com. Retrieved May 5, 2018.
  15. ^ BERGQUIST, LEE (May 17, 1997). "Plug pulled on Primergy Firms call off merger, blame delays". Milwaukee Journal Sentinel. Wisconsin Energy Corp. and Northern States Power Co. called off their $6 billion merger late Friday afternoon - two days after federal regulators raised major concerns about the deal.
  16. ^ "Xcel Energy, Form 35-CERT, Filing Date Feb 7, 2005". SECDatabase.com. Retrieved May 5, 2018.
  17. ^ Strauss, Ileana (December 5, 2018). "A major U.S. utility company just pledged to go carbon-free for the first time in American history". TreeHugger. Retrieved January 26, 2019.
  18. ^ Hood, Grace (December 4, 2018). "Xcel Energy Vows 100 Percent Carbon Reduction By 2050". Colorado Public Radio. Retrieved January 26, 2019.
  19. ^ "Utility of the Year: Xcel Energy". Utility Dive. Retrieved December 28, 2018.
  20. ^ "Xcel's New Plan: Coal-Free by 2030, Nuclear until 2040". MPR News. May 20, 2019. Retrieved May 29, 2019.
  21. ^ "Minnesota's Departure from Coal Will Mean More Natural Gas, Nuclear". MPR News. May 28, 2019. Retrieved May 29, 2019.
  22. ^ a b c d e f Xcel Energy Inc-10k (PDF) (Report). February 21, 2024.
  23. ^ Xcel Energy Inc-10k (PDF) (Report). February 23, 2023.
  24. ^ Xcel Energy Inc-10k (PDF) (Report). February 23, 2022.
  25. ^ Xcel Energy Inc-10k (PDF) (Report). February 17, 2021.
  26. ^ Xcel Energy Inc-10k (PDF) (Report). February 21, 2020.
  27. ^ Xcel Energy Inc-10k (PDF) (Report). February 22, 2019.
  28. ^ Xcel Energy Inc-10k (PDF) (Report). February 23, 2018.
  29. ^ Xcel Energy Inc-10k (PDF) (Report). February 24, 2017.
  30. ^ Xcel Energy Inc-10k (PDF) (Report). February 19, 2016.
  31. ^ Brasch ·, Sam (February 24, 2021). "Xcel Energy Says Natural Gas Is Critical As It Transitions To More Renewable Power". Colorado Public Radio.
  32. ^ Jaffe, Mark (November 15, 2011). "Xcel sets world record for wind power generation". The Denver Post. Retrieved October 18, 2012. Early on the morning of Oct. 6, Xcel Energy set a world record for electricity from wind power.
  33. ^ "Nuclear Power". Xcel Energy. Archived from the original on December 31, 2009. Retrieved November 25, 2009.
  34. ^ "Xcel Energy: 2009 Xcel Energy Corporate Responsibility Report" (PDF). www.xcelenergy.com/staticfiles.
  35. ^ Howland, Ethan. "Xcel Energy expects to build $1.2B in power line projects under MISO's new $10.3B transmission plan". Utility Dive. Retrieved August 21, 2024.
  36. ^ Butzer, Stephanie (June 7, 2023). "Xcel Energy begins construction for massive Colorado's Power Pathway project". Denver 7 Colorado News (KMGH). Retrieved August 21, 2024.
  37. ^ "Xcel Energy Colorado's Power Pathway Project Morgan County". morgancounty.colorado.gov. Retrieved August 21, 2024.
  38. ^ a b c scott.weiser@gazette.com, Scott Weiser (December 22, 2023). "Astonished at high cost, Colorado regulators scrutinize Xcel's $3 billion transmission line request". Denver Gazette. Retrieved August 21, 2024.
  39. ^ a b Brasch, Sam (February 25, 2022). "Colorado regulators approve Xcel's massive new transmission line for the Eastern Plains". Colorado Public Radio. Retrieved August 21, 2024.
  40. ^ Orenstein, Walker (November 16, 2023). "Price for huge Xcel transmission line more than doubles to $1.14B". www.startribune.com. Retrieved August 21, 2024.
  41. ^ POWER FOR THE PLAINS UPDATE (PDF) (Report). Xcel Energy. May 19, 2018.
  42. ^ POWER FOR THE PLAINS (PDF) (Report). Xcel Energy. May 19, 2019.
  43. ^ "Xcel Energy To Participate in Grid Security Intelligence Community". Transmission & Distribution World. February 14, 2017. Retrieved December 28, 2018.
  44. ^ "Xcel Energy: Co-Filings Advanced Grid" (PDF). www.xcelenergy.com.
  45. ^ "Xcel Energy Inc, Form 10-K, Annual Report, Filing Date Feb 19, 2016". SECDatabase.com. Retrieved May 5, 2018.
  46. ^ "2011 Energy Efficiency Program Results". Xcel Energy 2011 Corporate Responsibility Report. Xcel Energy. 2011. Retrieved November 1, 2012.
  47. ^ "Colorado PUC OKs Xcel solar incentives settlement". Denver Business Journal. March 18, 2011. Retrieved November 1, 2012.
  48. ^ "Northern States Power Company, Form 8-K, Current Report, Filing Date Nov 19, 2002". SECDatabase.com. Retrieved May 5, 2018.
  49. ^ "Northern States Power Company, Form 11-K, Filing Date Jun 29, 2007". SECDatabase.com. Retrieved May 5, 2018.
  50. ^ "Northern States Power Company, Form 8-K, Current Report, Filing Date Jan 20, 2005". SECDatabase.com. Retrieved May 5, 2018.
  51. ^ "Xcel Energy Inc, Form 10-Q, Quarterly Report, Filing Date Oct 26, 2007". SECDatabase.com. Retrieved May 5, 2018.
  52. ^ Frosch, Dan (October 4, 2007). "Investigators Trace Fatal Colorado Fire to Sealant Device". The New York Times. Retrieved October 15, 2012.
  53. ^ "Northern States Power Company, Form 10-Q, Quarterly Report, Filing Date Jul 29, 2011". SECDatabase.com. Retrieved May 5, 2018.
  54. ^ Criminal case No. 09-cr-00389-wyd (PDF) (Report). December 19, 2011. pp. 3–4.
  55. ^ Ingold, John (December 20, 2011). "RPI to pay $1.55 million in 2007 Colorado power plant fire that killed 5". The Denver Post. Retrieved October 15, 2012.
  56. ^ Walker, Mark (November 13, 2021). "Flooding and Nuclear Waste Eat Away at a Tribe's Ancestral Home". The New York Times. Retrieved August 21, 2024.
  57. ^ "Xcel Energy faces nearly 300 lawsuits alleging utility company started Marshall fire". The Denver Post. January 12, 2024. Retrieved April 1, 2024.
  58. ^ Karnowski, Steve (March 16, 2023). "400,000 gallons of radioactive water leaked from a nuclear plant in Minnesota". Associated Press.
  59. ^ Cabral, Sam (March 17, 2023). "Clean-up of radioactive water leak ongoing at Minnesota nuclear plant". BBC News.
  60. ^ Seversn, Gordon (March 17, 2023). "Xcel Energy and state officials share more information about leak at Monticello nuclear power plant". kare11.com. Retrieved March 19, 2023.
  61. ^ Carver, Jayme Lozano (March 7, 2024). "Xcel Energy acknowledges role in Texas' Smokehouse Creek wildfire". The Texas Tribune. Retrieved March 28, 2024.
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