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Coordinates: 41°55′4″N 12°27′59″E / 41.91778°N 12.46639°E / 41.91778; 12.46639
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Revision as of 18:02, 3 June 2009

For other uses, see RAI (disambiguation).
RAI - Radiotelevisione Italiana S.p.A.
Company typeGovernment-owned corporation
GenreItalian Public Broadcasting Service
Founded1924
FounderItalian Government
Headquarters
Italy Saxa Rubra, Rome
,
Italy
Revenue€3144 million (2006)[1]
OwnerItalian Ministry of Economic Development
Number of employees
13248 (2008)[2]
DivisionsRai Cinema
Rai Corporation
Rai Way
Sipra
Rai Trade
Rai Net
Rai Click
Rai Teche
Rai Fiction
Rai Eri
Rai Vaticano
Rai Quirinale
Rai Sat (95% RAI - 5% RCS MediaGroup)
Websiterai.it rai.tv

Rai (Radio Televisione Italiana), known until 1954 as Radio Audizioni Italiane,[3] is the Italian public television: the state owned broadcaster controlled by parliament and with public service to accomplish. Also it is the biggest television company in Italy, which compete with two major private television: Mediaset, owned by the premier Silvio Berlusconi, and Sky Italia.

Rai operates many television channels and radio stations, broadcasting in analog terrestrial (until 2013), in digital terrestrial and in several satellite and IPTV offerings. RAI is one of the 23 founding broadcasting organisations of the European Broadcasting Union in 1950.

Half of RAI's revenues come from the broadcast licence fee, half from advertising.[4][5] RAI has a relatively high audience share of 43.55%[6].

RAI broadcasts three main terrestrial channels: Rai Uno, Rai Due and Rai Tre.

Due to its close proximity, Albania, Switzerland, Monaco, Malta, San Marino, Vatican City, Slovenia and Croatia also receive broadcasts.

History

Origins

RAI started off as a privately owned company. The Unione Radiofonica Italiana (URI) was formed in 1924 by private entrepreneurs and part of the Marconi group. Granted a monopoly of radio broadcasts in 1924, URI made its first broadcast — a Haydn quartet — on the 24 October of that year.

In 1927, URI was renamed Ente Italiano Audizioni Radiofoniche (EIAR). It survived until 1944 when, under Allied pressure, it was reborn as Radio Audizioni Italiane, or RAI. Still a privately owned company, it operated two radio networks: Rete Rossa (red network) and Rete Azzurra (blue network), with Rossa playing more serious music and Azzurra featuring occasional variety shows.

It was not until 1954 that RAI took on its modern form. In this year the state-controlled holding company IRI became the sole shareholder, and RAI finally began a regular television service. The first day’s schedule featured a report on the opening of RAI’s studio in Milan, sporting events of the day, and an early evening film.[citation needed]

Parts of the early programming was focused on educational content: during the reconstruction following World War II, programs like Non è mai troppo tardi and Un viaggio al Po made people see what life was like in other parts of Italy, in a time when tourism was out of the reach of the vast majority of the population.

2000s

A very controversial plan to partly privatise RAI, by selling 20% of the public broadcaster, was suspended in October 2005.

The fact that the Berlusconi-led government pushed for the sale of Mediaset's public service rival caused a very heated debate, with some critics claiming that Mediaset could become the buyer and thus increase its dominant position even further. However, in October 2005 it was announced that the privatisation plan had been suspended, following the revelation that the company would make a loss of €80m ($96m, £54m) during 2006.[citation needed] "RAI's privatisation is de facto suspended", its new director general, Alfredo Meocci, told a parliamentary watchdog committee.[7][8]

Management

RAI is governed by a nine member Administrative Council. Seven of its nine members are elected by a parliamentary committee, the remaining two (one of which the President) are nominated by the largest shareholder: the Italian Ministry of Economic Development. The Council appoints the director-general. Both director-general and members of the administrative council are appointed for a renewable term of three years.

Presidents

Name Took office Left office
Arturo Carlo Jemolo April 20, 1945 August 9, 1946
Giuseppe Spataro August 9, 1946 May 17, 1951
Cristiano Ridomi May 17, 1951 March 11, 1954
Antonio Carrelli June 3, 1954 January 4, 1961
Novello Papafava January 4, 1961 March 25, 1964
Pietro Quaroni May 29, 1964 April 12, 1969
Aldo Sandulli April 23, 1969 February 18, 1970
Umberto delle Fave March 24, 1970 April 22, 1975
Beniamino Finocchiaro May 23, 1975 January 20, 1977
Paolo Grassi January 20, 1977 June 12, 1980
Sergio Zavoli June 12, 1980 October 23, 1986
Enrico Manca October 23, 1986 February 19, 1992
Walter Pedullà February 19, 1992 July 13, 1993
Claudio Demattè July 13, 1993 July 12, 1994
Letizia Moratti July 12, 1994 April 24, 1996
Giuseppe Morello April 24, 1996 July 10, 1996
Enzo Siciliano July 10, 1996 January 21, 1998
Roberto Zaccaria February 3, 1998 February 17, 2000
Roberto Zaccaria 1 February 17, 2000 February 16, 2002
Vittorio Emiliani February 16, 2002 February 22, 2002
Antonio Baldassarre March 5, 2002 February 26, 2003
Paolo Mieli March 7, 2003 March 13, 2003
Lucia Annunziata March 13, 2003 May 4, 2004
Francesco Alberoni 2 May, 2004 May, 2005
Sandro Curzi 2 June 1, 2005 July 30, 2005
Claudio Petruccioli July 31, 2005 March 25, 2009
Paolo Garimberti March 26, 2009 present

General Directors

Name Took office Left office
Salvino Sernesi 1949 1953
Giovan Battista Vicentini 1954 1955
Rodolfo Arata 1956 1960
Ettore Bernabei January 5, 1961 September 18, 1974
Michele Principe May 23, 1975 January 25, 1977
Giuseppe Glisenti January 26, 1977 June 17, 1977
Pierantonino Bertè July 12, 1977 June 18, 1980
Villy De Luca June 19, 1980 July 21, 1982
Biagio Agnes July 29, 1982 February 1, 1990
Gianni Pasquarelli February 5, 1990 July 23, 1993
Gianni Locatelli July 23, 1993 August 3, 1994
Gianni Billia August 3, 1994 December 31, 1994
Raffaele Minicucci January 16, 1995 February 29, 1996
Aldo Materia 3 March 6, 1996 July 15, 1996
Franco Iseppi July 15, 1996 February 8, 1998
Pier Luigi Celli February 9, 1998 February 17, 2002
Pier Luigi Celli 1 February 17, 2000 February 9, 2001
Claudio Cappon February 9, 2001 March 19, 2002
Agostino Saccà March 19, 2002 March 27, 2003
Flavio Cattaneo March 27, 2003 August 5, 2005
Alfredo Meocci August 5, 2005 June 20, 2006
Claudio Cappon June 22, 2006 present

Notes:
Template:Fnb Second term.
Template:Fnb Temporary.
Template:Fnb Vice Director-general acting as Director-general.

Television

RAI broadcasts three main terrestrial channels, also available on satellite television. Rai Uno, the main channel, targets the family market. Rai Due, that has broadcast since November 4, 1961 as the "Secondo Programma", has in recent years lacked clear focus, but now attempts to focus on a slightly younger audience than Rai Uno. Rai Tre (on air from December 15, 1979 as "TV3") is the ‘alternative’ channel, with a definite public service remit. Rai Uno and Rai Due started full-time color broadcasting on February 1, 1977.

Terrestrial channels

Satellite channels

Free-to-air

Subscription-based

IPTV channels

On Alice Home TV

  • Rai Fiction
  • Viva la Rai: entertainment
  • Rai Supercult: entertainment
  • Rai Magazine
  • Rai Storia
  • Rai Ritratti
  • Rai Junior

On TV di FASTWEB

  • Rai Click Cinema
  • Rai Click Fiction
  • Rai Click Fiction Live
  • Rai Click Junior
  • Rai Click News
  • Rai Click Spettacolo
  • Rai Click Culture
  • Rai Click Oggi

International

  • Raitalia: broadcasts the best of RAI to International audiences

Discontinued Channels

Radio channels

News

See also

Footnotes

  1. ^ "RAI Annual Report 2006" Template:En icon Retrieved on 2008-06-16
  2. ^ "Rai, l'orgia del potere" Template:It icon L'espresso, Retrieved on 2008-07-09
  3. ^ La radio in Italia cronologia Template:It icon Retrieved on 2007-11-28
  4. ^ "Basta con il governo padrone, così cambierà la Tv pubblica" Template:It icon Retrieved on 2007-10-10
  5. ^ " DDL Riforma Rai" Template:It icon Italian Ministry of Communications, Retrieved on 2007-10-10
  6. ^ ::: RAI - Bilancio 2005 ::: Template:It icon Retrieved on 2007-12-29
  7. ^ [1]
  8. ^ [2]

41°55′4″N 12°27′59″E / 41.91778°N 12.46639°E / 41.91778; 12.46639

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